DE102009004998A1 - Heating device for heating bulk material in a receiving container, comprises a heat source over which the bulk material is heated, where the heat source is pivotable around a rotating axis and has an infrared-radiator and/or a blower - Google Patents

Abstract

The device for heating bulk material in a receiving container, comprises a heat source over which the bulk material is heated. The receiving container is pivotable around a rotating axis. The bulk material is heatable during pivoting the receiving container by the heat source. The heating device is formed in such a way that the bulk material is moved through pivoting the receiving container partially around the heat source. The receiving container is pivotable from a filling position in which the receiving container of the bulk material is brought, into releasing position. The device for heating bulk material in a receiving container, comprises a heat source over which the bulk material is heated. The receiving container is pivotable around a rotating axis. The bulk material is heatable during pivoting the receiving container by the heat source. The heating device is formed in such a way that the bulk material is moved through pivoting the receiving container partially around the heat source. The receiving container is pivotable from a filling position in which the receiving container of the bulk material is brought, into releasing position around 180[deg] to the rotation axis in order to deliver heated bulk material from the receiving container. The receiving container is formed in such a way that the heated bulk material is delivered by pivoting the receiving container in one of the two rotating directions from the receiving container. The heat source is pivotable around a rotating axis, where the rotating axes of the receiving container and the heat source are parallel to each other. The receiving container comprises the heat source that is arranged in the interior of the receiving container so that the bulk material present in the receiving container sectionally surrounds the heat source, which is centrally arranged in the interior of the receiving container. The heat source comprises an infrared-radiator and/or a blower. The receiving container is formed as cylindrical drum (4) that is pivotable around a cylinder longitudinal axis as rotation axis. The receiving container comprises a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the bulk material, and/or a sensor for detecting the air humidity in the receiving container and/or the material humidity of the bulk material. The receiving container comprises recirculating means that is formed to recirculate the bulk material during pivoting the receiving container. The heating device is formed as modular unit that is bringable as extra module to a drying plant for the bulk material. Independent claims are included for: (1) a method for heating bulk material in a receiving; and (2) a drying plant for bulk material.

Description

The The invention relates to a heating device for heating Bulk material according to the preamble of claim 1 and a A method of heating bulk material according to claim 19 and a drying plant according to the preamble of claim 20.

at the drying of bulk material in general and plastic granules In particular, usually hot or dry air dryer used. Here, a stream of air is heated, under regularly too dried, and passed through a container, in which the bulk material to be dried is stored.

The dried bulk material or material is at the bottom of the container removed and new, undried bulk is from filled in the top of the container. The dry, hot air flows through the bulk material, heats it and removes moisture from the bulk material. The moist air is then either released to the environment or supplied to a dehumidifier.

This However, the method has the disadvantage that the heating is right takes long. This has the consequence that, depending on the Drying time, even quite large containers used must be made, which in turn are designed accordingly large Blowers and heaters require.

From the DE 195 02 352 C2 and the publication DE 1 906 278 Methods are known in which infrared radiation is used to heat the bulk material.

The Wavelengths of the radiators are here on both water, as well as optimized to the respective plastic.

• – Die Trockenzeit liegt vergleichsweise niedrig (20–25 Minuten, gegenüber 3–4 Stunden);
• – die Schüttgüter werden von innen heraus erwärmt. Das Wasser verdampft und wird nach außen gerückt. Hierdurch kann teilweise auf den Einsatz von Trockenlufttrocknen mit Adsorptionsbetten verzichtet werden.

Heating with infrared radiation has several advantages over air heating:

• - The dry season is comparatively low (20-25 minutes, compared to 3-4 hours);
• - The bulk goods are heated from the inside out. The water evaporates and is moved outwards. As a result, the use of dry air drying with adsorption beds can be dispensed with in part.

The Both, above inventions is common that it is continuous process is. On one side of a horizontal running metering screw is cold, moist material or Bulk dosed and by the movement of the screw conveyed axially under an IR lamp. By the Screw conveyance, the bulk material is circulated, so that the bulk material from all sides of the IR radiation is exposed and heated evenly becomes. The speed of the screw is adjusted so that a given residence time in the IR chamber results. The through the IR radiation escaped moisture is sucked off and out blown off.

These However, processes have disadvantages. This is what the IR chamber needs a lot of parking space and the fluctuations in the input humidity and temperature of the bulk material can only be bad compensate.

Of Furthermore, the system can not stop arbitrarily. For short-term interruptions of material removal, the screw must completely empty and buffered. Would you simply stop the screw, so should the IR heater be switched off to a local overheating of the bulk material to avoid.

Becomes When the screw has approached again, the remaining residence time is sufficient in the IR chamber no longer ausstandend to the bulk material to warm up.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the problem, the above-mentioned disadvantages to overcome in the warming of bulk material or at least minimize and an improved way for heating and if necessary drying of bulk material provide.

This Problem is inventively with a heater comprising the features of claim 1 and the method of claim 19 and the drying system of claim 20 solved.

After that is a heating device for heating bulk material provided in at least one receptacle, with a Heat source through which the supplied Bulk material is heated. According to the invention the receptacle pivotable about an axis of rotation, wherein the bulk material during pivoting of the receptacle is heated by the heat source.

With In other words, the receptacle is about the rotation axis pivoted and can with the bulk in his Interior with simultaneous action of the heat source be pivoted on the bulk material. It is not mandatory that the receptacle completely, d. H. around 360 degrees pivotable or rotatable. Rather, the receptacle also with changing direction of rotation around the rotation axis by a smaller one Pivoting range be pivotable.

In principle, the bulk material is kept in motion in the heating device according to the invention together with the receptacle and can be heated simultaneously via the heat source, which may be provided outside or inside the receptacle. Decisive in this context is that during the pivoting movement of the receptacle always at least a portion of the bulk material in the receptacle is located in a direct area of action of the heat source or is guided through this area of effect. Such an effective range can be, for example, the radiation range or radiation cone of a radiation-emitting heat source or the space directly blown with hot air of a heating fan as heat source. Consequently, the pivotal movement of the receptacle and the action of the heat source for heating the bulk material are coupled together.

Preferably the heating device is designed such that the bulk material by pivoting the receptacle at least partially is moved around the heat source.

The in the receptacle located bulk material is doing together with the receptacle at least around a section of the heat source or a section a component having the heat source is pivoted, to a more even heating of the to reach moving bulk material in this way. The receptacle is thus a part of the heat source and / or a Radiation area of the emitted heat radiation pivoted around.

In This connection would also be an embodiment the heater conceivable in which the receptacle in cross-section, a pivotable and upwardly open half-shell is, whose therein cargo from above about a heat source is heatable.

in the The difference is in the above-mentioned method with a Screw conveyor to be heated and possibly to be dried Bulk material always continuously below a heat source passed or pushed past. In contrast, will in the present invention basically a receptacle provided as part of a heating device in which the bulk material possibly also in batches and consequently discontinuously in this context can be heated and / or dried without that Bulk material may be heated only locally becomes.

By Adaptation of the residence time in the receptacle and / or The speed of the pivoting movement can thus, for example set the degree of dryness of the bulk material in a simple manner become. In this case, in particular a varying input temperature and / or initial moisture of the bulk material before feeding be considered in the heater. Batch operation allows, for example, an accurate measurement and temperature control every material or bulk material batch. In case of fluctuations the inlet temperature and initial humidity, the heating or Drying carried out until the desired End temperature is reached. This causes seasonal fluctuations balanced out of bulk material stored outside.

One Thus, realizable batch process can be stopped at any time be started without the overheating of bulk material is to be feared.

at Production interruptions can be a downstream hot air heating be provided in a separate container in which the Bulk material transferred from the receptacle becomes. The already dried bulk material can then over the hot air heating is maintained at the desired final temperature be heated or re-heated to this final temperature, should in a subsequent start still bulk in be the container.

Of the So receptacle can thus therefore a predeterminable amount to absorb bulk material in its interior and in one embodiment the Bulk material by the pivoting movement at least partially around a fixed or also (separately) rotatably mounted Move heat source around.

there is under a heat source basically any Device understood by heat radiation, convection and / or conduction is designed and intended to be bulk material to heat or to dry. As already explained at the outset, the heat source preferably has an infrared radiant heater (IR radiator) and / or a fan as a heat source on. Alternatively or additionally, a warming over Microwaves be realized.

About that In addition, a fan for the heat source be provided, the cooling air to the heat source approach leads. In one embodiment is about such a blower air from a the heater sucked surrounding outside space and targeted to the heat source directed. As a result, on the one hand, a controllable cooling ensures the heat source, especially as overheating protection. On the other hand, over at the heat source exiting Cooling air the adhesion of dust particles of the bulk material prevented at the heat source or at least more difficult become. Among other things, this is a significantly increased reliability reach the heater.

In a variant is the receptacle starting from a filling position, in the receptacle the bulk material, z. B. via a feed unit, is supplied, at least by +/- 90 degrees to the Pivotable axis. The receptacle is thus during heating and possibly drying of the bulk material pivoted in its interior around the axis of rotation back and forth.

In a variant of the receptacle is based on a Filling position in which the receptacle the Bulk material is fed to 180 degrees in one Output position is pivotable to heated and possibly dried bulk material from the receptacle leave.

In In a further development, the receptacle is based on this from the filling position about the rotation axis to the dispensing position pivotable. In other words, the pivoting of the receptacle from the filling position to the dispensing position about the same axis of rotation as the pivoting during the Heating of the bulk material. Alternatively could a storage of the receptacle to be provided, the it allows the receptacle to be different Rotary axes is pivotable or rotatable. In the course of a possible Space-saving design but is the pivoting around a single, common axis of rotation preferred.

In a further development of the heater, this is designed such that the heated bulk material by pivoting of the receptacle in one of two possible Direction of rotation is discharged from the receptacle.

at In such an embodiment, the heating takes place or drying of the introduced bulk material first pivoting the receptacle into a first Rotation. An emptying chamber of the receptacle for the delivery of the bulk material is carried out so that during this (first) pivoting movement in the first Direction of rotation no bulk material through the emptying chamber is delivered to the receptacle. In a preferred Variation can bulk goods though every full turn of the receptacle enter the emptying chamber, However, in the course of the further pivoting movement out of the Emptying chamber transported back into the receptacle.

To sufficient heating of the bulk material is the Receptacle in the opposite to the first running second direction of rotation pivoted. By pivoting in the second direction of rotation the heated bulk material passes into the emptying chamber. By the further pivoting movement in the second direction of rotation is the bulk material now within the evacuation chamber to one in it promoted discharge opening promoted. About these Dispensing opening is the heated bulk material delivered to the receptacle.

advantageously, there is an at least partial emptying of the receptacle or the delivery of bulk material to a demand signal one of Heating device downstream unit. Under such a Demand signal, for example, a signal from a probe for level measurement in one of the heater downstream material container understood for the heated bulk material. These Probe detects a level height of the material container and triggers when falling below a preset value for the filling level the delivery of Bulk material from the receptacle of the heater in the downstream material container. alternative or additionally, a demand signal may also be provided by one of the Heating downstream downstream processing machine be generated with heated or dried bulk material to feed.

Farther shows an embodiment of the heater characterized in that the heat source is also one (further) Rotary axis is pivotable. This will be especially beneficial considered if the receptacle for drying the bulk material alternately pivoted in one of two possible directions of rotation becomes. By pivoting the heat source or the heat source supporting component is a targeted uniform and efficient heating of the moving bulk material ensured, since the alternating pivoting of the receptacle Under certain circumstances, the bulk material from an optimal Heating range of the heat source shifted.

Regarding the configuration of the optionally separately rotatable heat source it is considered advantageous if the axis of rotation of the receptacle and the rotation axis of the heat source to each other in parallel are or are aligned with each other.

to Reduction of space requirements, the receptacle Preferably, the heat source, in particular is the Heat source disposed in the interior of the receptacle. In an arrangement of the heat source in the interior of the receptacle Thus, the bulk material is together with the heat source in a volume defined by the receptacle.

For the more efficient heating by the heat source, it can furthermore be arranged in the interior of the receptacle such that the bulk material in the receptacle surrounds the heat source at least in sections. For example, the heat source is a cylinder formed IR (radiator) emitter, which is completely or at least partially surrounded by the bulk material to be heated within the receptacle.

It is considered particularly advantageous in this regard, the heat source is essentially centrally located inside the To arrange a receptacle to a more even Heating of the bulk material within the receptacle to achieve.

In a variant is the receptacle essentially formed as a cylindrical drum, which can be pivoted about a cylinder longitudinal axis as a rotation axis is.

Of Furthermore, the receptacle can be a temperature sensor have to detect the temperature of the bulk material. This is, for example, a targeted adjustment of the residence time of the bulk material within the receptacle and / or the swing speed depending on the measured Temperature within the bulk material possible.

to Optimization of heating and / or drying and warranty a uniform heating of the bulk material components, z. As the granules, the receiving container circulating has, which are designed and provided, the supplied Bulk material during pivoting of the receptacle raise and / or recirculate. About such Circulating means, for example, prevents bulk material during pivoting of the receptacle only on the inner surfaces of the receptacle slides down. That way bulk material directly adjacent to the inner surfaces may not be sufficient from a heat source heated, which is spaced from the inner surfaces arranged is. As a circulation, for example, come internals the inner surfaces of the receptacle used, the protruding on the inner surfaces of the receptacle and the lifting and tumbling of the bulk material in the Realize pivoting of the receptacle.

advantageously, the heater is designed as a modular unit, which as Additional module to a drying plant for rubble attachable. This means, for example, that the invention Heating device retrofitted to existing drying systems and, as an additional unit, energy efficiency the drying plant increases, since the hitherto expended Drying time is considerably shortened.

Accordingly but can also be a drying plant for bulk material be provided with already integrated heating device, the one Containers for bulk material and a Heat source, over which the bulk material is heated, and is characterized in that the receptacle can be pivoted about an axis of rotation, wherein the bulk material during pivoting of the receptacle is heated by the heat source.

• – Bereitstellen eines Aufnahmebehälters für Schüttgut, der um eine Drehachse verschwenkbar ist, und
• – Verschwenken des Aufnahmebehälters um die Drehachse bei gleichzeitiger Erwärmung des Schüttguts über eine Wärmequelle.

A further aspect of the present invention is a method for heating bulk material in a receptacle, in particular using a heating device according to the previously described embodiments, comprising the following steps:

• - Providing a receptacle for bulk material, which is pivotable about an axis of rotation, and
• - pivoting of the receptacle about the axis of rotation with simultaneous heating of the bulk material via a heat source.

there The method can be found in the context of the above Features for the heater to corresponding process steps complete.

So For example, the process may further provide that the bulk material by pivoting the receptacle at least partially is moved around the heat source that the receptacle alternately by +90 degrees and then by -90 Degree is pivoted, or that the receptacle at least during heating of the bulk material pivoted or rotated only in one direction of rotation by at least 360 degrees becomes.

In a variant of the drying plant has this at least two receptacles for the to be heated Bulk material, each with at least one heat source on. Such can be a parallel operation with at least two receptacles will be realized.

at Such an embodiment is for example possible that a second receptacle already a new batch of bulk dries while a first receptacle an already dried batch for targeted delivery to a demand signal out there. This makes it possible with the drying system coupled processing machine for the bulk material with minimal material and constant material or bulk material temperature to supply. The cooling of the bulk material in a material template is thereby prevented and the processing machine with very uniformly tempered bulk material fed.

Furthermore, a continuous provision of heated bulk material in a simple manner possible, the bulk material itself char first is heated or dried in parts.

Of course is analogous to a heater, especially one as a modular Unit trained heating device, conceivable with at least two receptacles is equipped.

Further Features and advantages of the invention will become apparent in the following Description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the figures become clear.

It demonstrate:

1A - 1B various sectional views of a drying plant with an embodiment of a heating device;

2A - 2C various sectional views of a further drying plant with a heating device according to the invention.

In the 1A and 1B is shown in two different sectional views of a drying plant T1 for bulk material, including a heating device 7 having. This heater 7 is as an additional modular unit on an existing drying plant with a material container 8th mounted with therein hot air heating. Alternatively, the material container could 8th z. B. be part of a conventional vacuum, hot air or dry air dryer.

In the present case, a hot air heating is shown, the one in the material container 8th in reaching hot air line 10 includes. At the inside of the material container 8th lying end of the hot air line 10 are outlet openings 12 provided for the exit of the heated air. The heating of the in the material container 8th Injected air takes place via a heating stage 11 that are outside of the material container 8th is arranged. The hot air flows around during operation in the material container 8th located bulk material and heated and / or dried this.

The material container 8th and thus upstream of the processing of the bulk material is the heater 7 , This heater 7 has a cylindrical drum 4 as a receptacle for the bulk material to be heated and dried.

Above one above the drum 4 mounted feed unit 1 In operation, the bulk material is placed in a storage container 2 sucked. Under the storage container 2 is the horizontally arranged, rotatably mounted drum 4 on an outside of the drum 4 a filling opening 4.1 having. The drum 4 is rotatable about an axis of rotation D or pivotable within the heater 7 stored, wherein the axis of rotation D extends transversely to a filling direction -z, in which the bulk material from the storage container 2 the drum 4 is supplied. In the present case, the axis of rotation D corresponds to a cylinder longitudinal axis of the drum 4 ,

In a filling position is the filling opening 4.1 the drum 4 directly under a material slider 3 as a feeder unit of the heater 7 , About this material slider 3 becomes the drum 4 filled with a given amount of bulk material. This is done in the simplest case by specifying a certain opening time of the material slider 3 , but it can also be done gravimetrically. In any case, in the storage container 2 located bulk material via a between the material slider 3 and the filling opening 4.1 arranged feed hopper 3.1 safe in the interior of the drum 4 directed.

After feeding the bulk material or the filling of the drum 4 with bulk material is used as an IR radiant heater 4.4 formed heat source inside the drum 4 switched on and irradiated the supplied bulk material from above. In order to ensure that the material is evenly heated, the drum becomes 4 now slowly, by a drive 5 , in reversing mode, pivoted. The filling opening 4.1 swings here in the in 1A shown between a 9 °° (clock) (in a rotational direction S1) to a 15 °° (clock) position (in a rotational direction S2) back and forth. It is thus in the present case, starting from the filling position, alternately pivoted by +/- 90 degrees. The corresponding positions are determined by limit switches or proximity switches on a motor shaft connected to the drive 6 recognized and the drive 5 switched accordingly.

Since the bulk material with changing direction of rotation S1 and S2 about the axis of rotation D also on changing inner surfaces of the drum 4 , so on changing drum edges, is, the IR radiant heater 4.4 through a rotating device 4.3 also pivoted. So there is a coupling between the heating of the bulk material by the IR radiant heater 4.4 as a heat source of the heater 7 and the pivotal movement of the drum 4 about the rotation axis D instead. Alternatively or additionally, the intensity and thus the degree of irradiation of the bulk material by the IR radiant heater 4.4 be varied and with the pivoting movement of the drum 4 be coupled.

For the rotation of the IR radiant heater 4.4 is the cylindrically shaped IR radiant heater 4.4 which radiates the radiation drawn with IR within the figures towards the inner surfaces of the drum 4 emits, at both ends inside the drum 4 rotatably supported about a central axis M. This storage is about one in the drum 4 rei supporting arm 4.6 provided outside the drum 4 at one the drum 4 surrounding outer wall of the heater 7 fixed in place. The central axis M, as the axis of rotation for the separately pivotable IR radiant heater 4.4 is slightly offset and parallel to the axis of rotation D of the drum 4 ,

So the drum 4 independent of the IR radiant heater 4.4 can be pivoted, the drum shows 4 on one of its end faces, on the one hand, a passage opening along the central axis M for the connection of a section of the IR radiant heater 4.4 with the outside of the drum 4 lying rotating device 4.3 on. On the other hand is on the same front side of the drum 4.4 created a circumferential, circular recess through which one end of the support arm 4.6 picks up one of the rotary device 4.3 along the central axis M opposite portion of the IR radiant heater 4.4 to store. That way, the drum can 4.4 possibly together with the bulk material therein relative to the support arm 4.6 and the IR radiant heater 4.4 to be pivoted about the rotation axis D.

In the drum 4 are still fixtures 4.2 mounted or to the inner surfaces of the drum 4 formed, which cause the bulk material does not slide on the respective inner surface during the pivoting movement, but is raised and circulated. This ensures that all granules are irradiated uniformly. At the same time sticking of the bulk material when passing through the softening temperature is prevented.

On to the IR radiant heater 4.4 installed IR temperature sensor constantly measures the material or bulk material temperature. The heating phase continues until the desired bulk material temperature is reached. Then the drum swings 4 further into an issue position. For this purpose, the drum pivots 4 about the axis of rotation D to over the filling opening 4.1 the heated and dried bulk material down, ie rotated by 180 degrees about the axis of rotation D, along baffles 4.5 in the material container 8th can be emptied.

By backward rotation by -180 degrees or by further rotation by +180 degrees, the filling opening 4.1 again below the feed funnel 3.1 be positioned. A new filling of the drum 4 can be done and a new batch of bulk material to be heated.

The below the drum 4 arranged material container 8th serves for buffering heated bulk material. About the hot air heating is the material container 8th blown by hot air to keep the bulk material therein at a processing temperature and to prevent cooling.

Through a probe 9 is determined whether the material container 8th through a suction nozzle 13 Bulk material has been removed and must be refilled again.

In a further development based thereon, the heating device 7 be followed by a material container, which is flowed through with predried heating air. The heater 7 ensures a rapid and uniform heating of the bulk material and at the same time drives out the largest part of the surface moisture. The residual moisture remaining in the capillaries of the granulate particles is discharged through the diffusion gradient to the injected dry air. As a result, very low residual moisture content in ppm (parts per million) range can be achieved.

Deviating from the illustrated embodiment, the filling opening 4.1 Furthermore, be designed closable, so that a larger pivoting range (alternately in the directions of rotation S1 and S2), or even a complete rotation (in one of the directions of rotation S1 or S2) is achieved.

Notwithstanding the presented embodiment, the separate pivoting of the IR radiant heater 4.4 omitted about the central axis M.

In addition, the heater can 7 alternatively a simple material container instead of the conveyor unit 1 be downstream.

Likewise, the heater 7 alternatively to the material container shown 8th be a vacuum tank downstream. The heated or heated bulk material is dispensed into a vacuum chamber of the vacuum container, this sealed and then evacuated. As a result, remaining in the capillaries residual moisture is evaporated and filtered with suction.

In the 2A - 2C is a further embodiment of a drying system according to the invention T2 or a heating device according to the invention integrated therein 70 shown. While the 2A and 2 B show a front view and a side view of the drying plant is in the 2C a plan view shown.

In contrast to the embodiment of 1A - 1B is in the 2A - 2C the drying plant T2 is designed primarily as a mobile plant, which can be moved by a schematically illustrated operator P to the desired location and operated on this. For this reason, the drying plant T2 resting on Stut zen S, which are provided with (lockable) wheels R in order to position the complete drying system T2 in a simple manner.

An essential part of the drying plant T2 is the heating device 70 again a conveyor unit 1 with a storage container 2 and a material slider 3 is downstream. About the conveyor unit 1 bulk material G reaches when the material slide is actuated 3 in a central location within the heater 70 arranged cylindrical drum 40 , which also here about the rotation axis D in two directions of rotation S1 (in the 2A counterclockwise) and S2 (in the 2A clockwise) is mounted rotatably or pivotally.

In contrast to the embodiment of the 1A - 1B here the bulk material G does not fall from above the drum 40 in their interior. Rather, the bulk material G falls upon actuation of the material slider 3 from the original container 2 in a filling tube 30 down through a front drum opening 47 in the drum 40 in the drum 40 extends into it. The filling tube 30 thus begins at the material shifter 3 outside the drum 40 and flows into a pipe opening 32 inside the drum 40 , In this case, the pipe opening 32 only a small distance to the part of an inner wall of the drum 40 on, when filling the bulk material G the bottom of the drum 40 forms.

By thus realized introduction of the bulk material G in a lower half of the drum 40 ensures that bulk particles do not jump around so much during the filling process. This avoids the accidental jumping of undried, cold granules from the drum 40 in a downstream material funnel 80 below the drum 40 ,

The filling tube 30 is still with a level sensor 32 provided on the degree of filling of the drum 40 is detectable. For example, once the drum 40 is filled with a maximum desired or possible amount of bulk material G, remains at least a portion of the bulk material G within the filling tube 30 , The amount of in the stuffing tube 30 located bulk material G or its level within the filling tube 30 is with the level sensor 32 capture. This is therefore detectable when the drum 40 is felt accordingly and the material slider 3 can be closed.

Should higher filling levels of the drum 40 can be achieved, this can also be slowly pivoted or rotated about the axis of rotation D during filling.

The rotation of the drum 40 is here by a motor drive 50 , z. B. an electric motor controlled. The drive 50 is outside of a drum 40 enclosing housing of the heater 70 arranged and drives a drive roller 51 at. The drum 40 rests on both this drive roller 51 as well as three other bearing rollers 52 , each about one to the axis of rotation D of the drum 40 parallel axis of rotation are rotatably mounted. The drive roller 51 is frictionally connected to an outer wall of the drum 40 in contact and the other bearing rollers 52 Ideally, they can be rotated almost frictionless on a frame of the heating device 70 stored. With a rotation of the drive roller 51 This leads thus directly to a corresponding rotation of the drum 40 about its axis of rotation D.

Inside the drum 40 is again in the middle of an IR radiant heater 44 arranged as a heat source for the heating of the bulk material G. The IR radiant heater 44 is designed in this embodiment, not motorized pivotable, but is within the drum 40 via a support arm 46 initially positioned stationary.

The support arm 46 however, has a double flange 461 on, over the two sections of the support arm 46 can be rotated relative to each other. During one of these two sections the IR radiant heater 44 carries, the other section is outside the drum 40 fixed. So can the IR radiant heater 44 over the double flange 461 (manually) relative to the fixed portion of the support arm 46 be twisted to be optimally adjusted to different surface angles of the bulk material G.

Furthermore, the support arm 46 with a cooling tube 460 Mistake. In the present case is the support arm 46 itself tubular, so that it by means of the corresponding cavity in its interior, the cooling tube 460 formed. The cooling tube 460 connects the IR radiant heater 44 with a cooling unit in the form of a blower 462 , These fans 462 sucks in cooling ambient air and blows it through the cooling pipe 460 from behind in the IR radiant heater 44 or in or around its housing. As a result, on the one hand, the cooling of the IR radiant heater 44 reached and on the other hand the adhesion of dust particles of the bulk material G to the IR radiant heater 44 even severely restricted or completely prevented. In addition, the blower 462 be extended by an air cooling over which the sucked ambient air is first cooled down.

During the drying or heating process, the drum is 40 the drying unit T2 is continuously rotated in the direction S2 in a clockwise direction. That in the drum 40 located bulk material G is on the inner wall of the drum 40 pulled something up (in the Vor the view of 2A on the left side of the drum 40 ). Essentially, however, the bulk material G remains in the same angle of repose as in the introduction via the filling tube 30 so that the IR radiant heater 44 not in its angle relative to the drum 40 must be changed. By a temperature sensor 48 , z. As an infrared thermometer, the surface temperature of the bulk material G is determined during heating. As a result, the residence time of the bulk material G and the heating power of the IR radiant heater 44 determined and automatically controlled. The temperature of the bulk material G is preferably regulated by a closed loop.

Alternatively or in addition to the temperature sensor 48 in the drum 40 the air moisture content (eg by dew point sensors or microwave sensors) and / or directly the moisture content of the bulk material (eg by laser spectroscopes) can be determined and the drying time or temperature can be set as a function thereof.

As in the embodiment of 1A - 1B is also at the heater 70 during heating or drying of the bulk material G this by internals 42 continuously circulated to ensure a uniform irradiation of all particles of the bulk material G.

In addition to the exemplary embodiment according to the invention of the preceding figures, the drying plant T2 or the heating device integrated therein 70 a fan 14 on. This fan 14 in the form of a radial fan sucks through a suction nozzle 140 automatically humid air from the drum 40 and blows them over an exhaust port 141 outward. Thus, the drying of the bulk material G within the drum 40 improved.

Advantageously, both the fan 14 as well as the fan 462 with the sensors for detecting the relevant bulk material data, such. B. the temperature sensor 48 coupled, so as to allow a completely or at least partially automated heating and drying of the bulk material G according to predetermined parameters.

To empty the drum 40 rotated in the direction of rotation S1 in the counterclockwise direction and thus against the original drying direction of rotation. The bulk material G then falls through a connection opening 451 in the drum 40 in an outside of the drum 40 lying emptying chamber 45 Than a section of the drum 40 surrounding cavity is executed. By further rotation in the direction of rotation S1 about the axis of rotation D, the bulk material G within the discharge chamber 45 to a discharge opening 452 transported by the connection opening 451 in the direction of rotation S2, that is opposite to the current direction of rotation S1, spaced apart. In other words, the bulk material G within the discharge chamber 45 is due to the further feeding movement of the drum 40 in the direction of rotation S1 to the discharge opening 452 promoted. This conveying effect is reinforced by in the discharge chamber 45 slipping amounts of bulk material G as a result of acting on the bulk material G weight. Through the opened dispensing opening 452 through the heated bulk material G then passes out of the drum 40 directly into the below the drum 40 arranged material funnel 80 ,

To ensure that during the previous pivotal movement of the drum 40 in the direction of rotation S2 no bulk material G to the discharge opening 452 passes, these and / or the connection opening 451 z. B. be provided with a controllable flap, which opens only after the reversal of direction.

According to the embodiment of the 2A - 2C However, such an additional locking mechanism is not necessary. Such is the connection opening 451 at a first area in the 2A elongated appearing emptying chamber 45 and the delivery port 452 at one of them in the direction of the pivoting direction S2 spaced second region within the discharge chamber 45 positioned. In this way, although initially bulk material G through the permanently open connection opening 451 in the emptying chamber 45 arrive when the drum 40 turns in the direction of rotation S2. However, the connection opening becomes 451 during the further rotation of the drum 40 mitverschwenkt in the direction of rotation S2 and thus forms in the meantime a passage opening of the discharge chamber 45 to the drum 40 in the spatial direction -z, in which the weight force acting on the bulk material G points. This drops in the emptying chamber 45 Bulk goods G through the connection opening 451 back in the drum 40 , To the falling out of the emptying chamber 45 located bulk material G through the connection opening 451 through during the heating or drying process, is an inner wall of the discharge chamber 45 also in the area to the connection opening 451 Beveled accordingly.

Notwithstanding the embodiment shown, the emptying chamber 45 also in the interior of the drum 40 protrude. However, it has the embodiment shown the 2A - 2C proved to be advantageous. So here is the drum 40 compared to one in the drum 40 protruding emptying chamber 45 be loaded with a larger amount of bulk material, otherwise within the drum 40 at the point above the emptying chamber 45 the distance from the emptying chamber 45 to the drum opening 47 for the filling tube 30 would have to be reduced. This is one in the drum 40 protruding emptying chamber 45 and otherwise the same configuration the risk that with larger quantities of bulk material G this partially through the drum opening 47 is transported.

The emptying process described above is further initiated by a demand signal. This demand signal for the output of the held and heated bulk material G is presently through a level or demand detector 81 in the material funnel 80 under the drum 40 generated. Alternatively or additionally, this could also be a level indicator on a downstream, to be supplied with the bulk material G processing machine (not shown) may be provided.

From the material funnel 80 can the bulk material G via a below the funnel, ie in the direction of the tapered neck, mounted removal unit 82 be removed manually or optionally automatically.

In an exemplary operation of the drying plants T1, T2, for drying or drying a single batch of bulk material G, the dried material in the drum can be used 4 respectively. 40 remain until a demand signal is generated and heated or dried bulk material is requested, eg. B. by the demand detector 81 of the material funnel 80 of the 2A - 2C , The drum 4 respectively. 40 but then not completely emptied, but it is only a small amount of bulk material G from the drum 4 respectively. 40 to the material container 8th or the material funnel 80 delivered until the detected demand no longer exists, ie a corresponding probe the status "full" reports. The delivery of a targeted amount of bulk material can be achieved by a repeated pivoting or rotating movement of the drum 4 respectively. 40 be achieved.

For more accurate, automated positioning of the drum 40 or the drum 4 of the embodiment of 1A - 1B can advantageously on the drum 40 respectively. 4 a mechanical and / or electronic marking be attached. Such a marking determined via a sensor, for example, inductive or capacitive, whether a proper position of the drum 40 respectively. 4 is reached. This can, among other things, unnecessary rotations of the drum 40 respectively. 4 to avoid emptying and shorten the cycle time in a batch operation.

In order to always be able to hold the smallest possible amount of heated bulk material G, it is also possible, above the material container 8th or above the material hopper 80 two drums 4 respectively. 40 to work in parallel. One drum dries a new batch of bulk material G, while the second drum holds an already dried batch for targeted delivery upon receipt of a demand signal.

This makes it possible, one of the drying plant T1, T2 or even just a heater 7 respectively. 70 supply upstream processing machine with minimal material template and constant material temperature. The cooling of the bulk material G in the material template is thereby prevented and the machine charged with very uniformly tempered material.

1

delivery unit

10

Hot air duct

11

heating stage

12

outlet openings

13

suction

14

Fan

140

Fan suction

141

exhaust vent

2

storage container

3

material slider

3.1

feed hopper

30

filling pipe

31

level sensor

32

tube opening

4

drum

4.1

fill opening

4.2

fixtures

4.3

rotator

4.4

IR heaters

4.5

baffles

4.6

Beam

40

drum

42

fixtures

44

IR heaters

45

dump chamber

451

connecting opening

452

discharge opening

46

Beam

460

cooling pipe

461

Doppelflansch

462

fan

47

drum opening

48

temperature sensor

5

drive

50

drive

51

capstan

52

bearing roller

6

motor shaft

7, 70

heater

8th

material containers

80

material hopper

81

demand indicator

82

withdrawal unit

9

probe

D

axis of rotation the drum

G

bulk

IR

Infrared radiation

M

axis of rotation of the IR radiant heater

P

operator

R

wheel

S

support

S1, S2

Turn / swivel direction

T1, T2

drying plant

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 19502352 C2 [0005]
• - DE 1906278 A [0005]

Claims (21)

Heating device for heating bulk material in at least one receptacle, with a heat source through which the bulk material is heated, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) about an axis of rotation (D) is pivotable, wherein the bulk material (G) during pivoting of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) from the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) is heated. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating device ( 7 . 70 ) is formed such that the bulk material (G) by pivoting of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) at least partially around the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) is moved around. Heating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) with alternating direction of rotation (S1, S2) about the axis of rotation (D) is pivotable. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) starting from a filling position in which the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ), the bulk material (G) is supplied, at least by +/- 90 degrees about the axis of rotation (D) is pivotable. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) starting from a filling position in which the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ), the bulk material (G) is fed, is pivotable in an output position to heated bulk material (G) from the receiving container ( 4 . 40 ). Heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is pivotable 180 degrees about the axis of rotation (D) in the dispensing position, starting from the filling position. Heating device according to claim 3 and any one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is formed such that the heated bulk material (G) by the pivoting of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) in one (S1) of at least two possible directions of rotation (S1, S2) from the receiving container ( 4 . 40 ) is delivered. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) Also about an axis of rotation (M) is pivotable. Heating device according to claim 8, characterized in that the axis of rotation (D) of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) and the axis of rotation (M) of the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) are parallel to each other or aligned with each other. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) having. Heating device according to claim 10, characterized in that the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) inside the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is arranged. Heating device according to claim 11, characterized in that the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) in the interior of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is arranged, that in the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) located bulk material (G) the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) at least partially surrounds. Heating device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) substantially centrally in the interior of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is arranged. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) an infrared radiator and / or a blower ( 462 ) having. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) is formed substantially as a cylindrical drum, which is pivotable about a cylinder longitudinal axis as a rotation axis (D). Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the bulk material (G) and / or at least one sensor for detecting the humidity in the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) and / or the material moisture content of the bulk material (G). Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) Circulating means ( 4.2 . 42 ), which are designed and provided, the bulk material (G) during pivoting of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) to lift and / or circulate. Heating device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the heating device ( 7 ) is designed as a modular unit which is attachable as an additional module to a drying plant (T1) for rubble. Method for heating bulk material in a receptacle, in particular using a heating device according to one of claims 1 to 18, comprising the following steps: - providing a receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) for bulk material (G), which is pivotable about a rotation axis (D), and - pivoting of the receiving container ( 4 . 40 ) about the axis of rotation (D) with simultaneous heating of the bulk material (G) via a heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ). Drying plant for bulk material, in particular with a heating device according to one of claims 1 to 18, which has at least one receptacle for bulk material and a heat source, via which the bulk material is heated, characterized in that the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) about an axis of rotation (D) is pivotable, wherein the bulk material (G) during pivoting of the receptacle ( 4 . 40 ) from the heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) is heated. Drying plant according to claim 20, characterized in that the drying plant (T1, T2) at least two receptacles ( 4 . 40 ) each with a heat source ( 4.4 . 44 ) having.