DE102008062475A1 - Security element and security paper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a security paper (10) for the production of security or value documents, having a see-through security element (12) which is arranged in or above a window area or through opening (14) of the security paper (10), characterized in that the see-through security element (12) has a first security feature formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement (30) for representing at least a first motif, - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement (30) contains a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells (24) in which in each case imaged regions (28) of the first motif are arranged, and a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements (22), which, when viewing the motif image, the first motif of the imaged in the cells (24) Regionier (10) second security feature (14) having at least a second motif having with the first motif is in a context of meaning.

Description

The The invention relates to a security element for security or value documents and a security paper with a see-through security element, in or above a window area or through opening of the security paper is arranged.

safety or value documents, such as banknotes, identity cards and the like, are often equipped with security elements for protection, the one checking the authenticity of the documents and at the same time as protection against unauthorized reproduction serve.

The For example, security elements can take the form of a embedded in a banknote security thread, a tear thread for product packaging, an applied safety strip, a cover sheet for a banknote with a through opening or a self-supporting transfer element, such as about a patch or label after its manufacture is applied to a document of value. It is increasingly gaining See-through security features, such as see-through windows in banknotes, in attractiveness. For example, to generate windows a provided on one side with an adhesive layer film a banknote applied to a previously formed through opening to close the banknote.

Security elements with optically variable elements, which give the viewer a different image impression at different viewing angles, play a special role, since they can not be reproduced even with high-quality color copying machines. The security elements can be equipped with security features in the form of diffraction-effectively effective micro- or nanostructures, such as with conventional embossed holograms or other hologram-like diffraction structures, as described for example in the publications EP 0 330 733 A1 or EP 0 064 067 A1 are described.

From the publication US 5 712 731 A the use of a moiré magnification arrangement is known as a security feature. The security device described therein has a regular array of substantially identical printed microimages of up to 250 μm in size, as well as a regular two-dimensional array of substantially identical spherical microlenses. The microlens array has substantially the same pitch as the microimage array. When the micro-image array is viewed through the microlens array, one or more enlarged versions of the microimages are created to the viewer in the areas where the two arrays are substantially in register.

The principal operation of such moiré magnification arrangements is in the article "The moire magnifier", MC Hutley, R. Hunt, RF Stevens and P. Savander, Pure Appl. Opt. 3 (1994), pp. 133-142 , described. Thus, in short, moire magnification refers to a phenomenon that occurs when viewing a raster of identical image objects through a lenticular of approximately the same pitch. As with any pair of similar rasters, this results in a moiré pattern, which in this case appears as an enlarged and possibly rotated image of the repeated elements of the image raster.

From that Based on the invention, the object, the disadvantages To avoid the prior art and in particular, a security element or a security paper of the type mentioned with high To specify counterfeit security.

These Task is by the security paper and the security element solved with the features of the independent claims. Method for producing such security papers or security elements and a document of value with such a security paper or Security element are in the independent claims specified. Further developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

• – das Durchsichtssicherheitselement ein erstes Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist, das durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung zumindest eines ersten Motivs gebildet ist,
• – wobei die mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung ein Motivbild enthält, das in eine Mehrzahl von Zellen eingeteilt ist, in denen jeweils abgebildete Bereiche des ersten Motivs angeordnet sind, sowie ein Betrachtungsraster aus einer Mehrzahl von Betrachtungselementen, das bei Betrachtung des Motivbilds das erste Motiv aus den in den Zellen angeordneten abgebildeten Bereichen rekonstruiert,
• – und dass das Sicherheitspapier ein zweites Sicherheitsmerkmal mit zumindest einem zweiten Motiv aufweist, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht.

According to a first aspect of the invention, it is provided in a generic security paper with see-through security element that

• The see-through security element has a first security feature which is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing at least one first motif,
• - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement includes a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells, in each of which imaged areas of the first motif are arranged, as well as a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, the first motif from the in the Reconstructed cells arranged imaged areas,
• - And that the security paper has a second security feature with at least a second motif, which is in a sense context with the first motif.

Although modern banknotes often have a large number of security features, the motifs represented by these features are as a rule not thematically linked to one another. The The invention is based on the idea of providing a second security feature in addition to a first security feature in the form of a micro-optical representation arrangement for displaying a first motif, which represents a second motif standing in a meaning context to the first motif.

One such a sense context may consist in particular in that the second security feature the same motif as the first security feature represents, wherein the spatial position and / or the size can distinguish between the two motives. The inventive Meaning can also be that the first and second Motive represent only parts of the subject, which become an overall motif complement or in that the first and second motive to complement a coherent overall picture. Of the Difference between the two latter options lies in that the motive parts in the first case as incomplete parts of an overall motif are recognizable while the two motifs in the latter case each represent independent motifs, but they fit together in terms of content and together form a consistent one Overall picture. The first and second motif can be used for Creation of a meaning context, in particular in arrangement, form and / or size spatially matched be.

One Meaning context of the motives of the two security features leads to an increased security against counterfeiting of the security paper or the security element, since the production of the content with each other associated security features a larger one technological hurdle represents as the separate or content unlinked production of two security features.

The Security features used in security are in the Usually already individually with a high cost of procurement the necessary for the production of the security feature Equipment and necessary know-how. are the security features also content with each other linked, so the manufacturer does not just about have the technologies for producing the used features, but he must additionally be able to use these features in a required manner in arrangement, color, shape and / or size or generally in visual appearance, to create the desired meaning context. Becomes For example, a micro-optical representation arrangement for presentation a given subject with a continuous opening combined, the same shape and size as the given design, so the manufacturer must not only appropriate Punching or cutting holes and micro-optical representations but the micro-optical representation arrangement must be in addition to the correct magnification be generated to the desired congruence of reconstructed motif and opening.

One Another advantage of the embodiments of the invention is that a substantive link of the various Security features a higher attention of users and an easier recognition of adjustments has the consequence: the absence of any of the security features or one due to Counterfeiting inferior quality falls much easier on when presented by the security features Motives are in a context of meaning. This way also leads the attention increase to higher technological Requirements for the potential counterfeiter.

The micro-optical representation arrangement of the first security feature can be embodied in particular as a moiré magnification arrangement, as a moiré-type microoptical magnification arrangement or as a modulo magnification arrangement. The operating principle and the properties of these micro-optical representation arrangements are described in detail in the German patent applications DE 10 2005 062 132.5 . DE 10 2007 029 203.3 and DE 10 2007 029 204.1 , as well as in international applications PCT / EP2006 / 012374 . PCT / EP2008 / 005171 and PCT / EP2008 / 005172 described, the disclosure of which are included in the present application in this respect. The regions of the first motif imaged in the cells of the motif image of the microoptical representation arrangement are also sometimes referred to as micromotif elements in accordance with the terminology used in the aforementioned applications. As viewing elements, refractive microlenses and micromirrors are preferred, but other viewing elements mentioned in the publications cited above can also be used.

The in particular, information formed by the first and second motive is an alphanumeric string, such as a serial number or a denomination of a banknote, a logo, an encoding or a graphic motif, in particular objects of any kind, plants, Representing animals or humans. The first subject can also be a picture sequence represent, for example, a short story or the transformation of a motive in another motive (Morphing) shows.

In an advantageous variant of the invention it is provided that the second security feature through the window area or the continuous opening of the security paper and the second motif is formed by the outline shape of the window area or the continuous opening.

Of the Window area or the through opening can be Advantageously, at least in a partial area a sharply limited Have edge, as he for example by punching or laser cutting can be generated. Alternatively or additionally, the Window area or the through opening with advantage at least in one subarea, an edge created during papermaking with characteristic irregularities.

Especially attractive and tamper-proof variants use window areas or continuous openings with a combination of sharp and characteristically irregular edges. Such a combination can be produced, for example, by producing a continuous opening with characteristic irregularities in the edge region during papermaking and by modifying the edge region of the opening thus produced after papermaking by cutting or punching and thereby sharply limited in desired partial areas. Other ways to combine sharp and characteristically irregular border areas are in the document WO 2006/119896 A2 described, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.

• – ein Durchsichtssicherheitselement mit dem ersten Sicherheitsmerkmal, das durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung des zumindest ersten Motivs gebildet ist, erzeugt,
• – wird in dem Sicherheitspapier als zweites Sicherheitsmerkmal ein Fensterbereich oder eine durchgehende Öffnung erzeugt, und wird das zweite Motiv, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht, durch die Umrissform des Fensterbereichs bzw. der durchgehenden Öffnung gebildet, und
• – wird das Durchsichtssicherheitselement in oder über dem Fensterbereich oder der durchgehenden Öffnung angeordnet.

In a method for producing the above-described security paper is

• A see-through security element with the first security feature, which is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing the at least first motif, generates,
• In the security paper, a window area or a continuous opening is produced as a second security feature, and the second motif, which is meaningful with the first motif, is formed by the outline shape of the window area or the through opening, and
• - The see-through security element is arranged in or over the window area or the through opening.

at a further, likewise advantageous variant of the invention is provided, that the second security feature as the first security feature in the see-through security element is present.

The second security feature can advantageously be a diffractive represent an optical element that consists of a passing beam essentially traceable light in transmission Projection image created with the second motif. Diffractive optical Elements (DOE) are typically embossed in transparent substrates Diffraction structures based on monochromatic coherent Laser radiation of a predetermined wavelength designed are. Become with a laser of suitable wavelength radiates, can be registered images on a projection screen represent.

The as a second security feature used diffractive optical Element is preferably made of a plurality of diffractive unit cells formed, which has a lateral dimension of about 1 mm, preferably also below 1 mm. The projection image of the diffractive optical element is preferably only for special lighting and viewing conditions with the naked eye and without aids recognizable, and a good representation of the projection image without colored Edges will only be made by irradiation with a suitable light source, about a laser pointer, reached. The projection image can then to be caught on a screen.

alternative can the second security feature with advantage a refractive optical Element that consists of a passing beam of essentially parallel light or light from a distant point light source creates the second motif.

The used as a second security feature refractive optical element is preferably made of a plurality of achromatic microstructure elements formed having a lateral dimension below 1 mm, preferably between 3 .mu.m and 100 .mu.m. In preferred Embodiments are the different achromatic microstructure elements grouped into parent units whose lateral Dimension is preferably about 1 mm or less, and in periodic or at least locally periodic in at least one spatial direction are arranged. At least a part of the microstructure elements is preferred formed by microprisms, each by the dimension of its base, a refractive angle and the orientation of the microprism indicating azimuth angle are characterized. Alternatively or additionally at least a part of the microstructure elements is a curved one Surface on. These achromatic microstructure elements For example, by micro cone or by micro-step cone be formed, each by the diameter of its base and an opening angle are characterized.

In order to ensure that wavelength-dependent light diffraction effects are negligible and that the incident light is substantially achromatically refracted by the structural elements without disturbing color effects, the microstructure elements in each case have a lateral dimension above approximately 3 μm, preferably above about 5 μm, more preferably above about 10 μm. Further information on the possible embodiments and properties of such refractive optical elements can the document WO 2007/137744 A2 and the registration PCT / EP2008 / 002841 are taken, the disclosures of which are included in the present application in this respect.

In addition to diffractive and refractive optical elements, it is of course also possible to use other security features for the second security feature of the see-through security element, such as the optically variable layer systems with color-shifting thin-film elements or liquid-crystal features described below. Also possible is a combination with security features that create a blind effect, such as the one in the application PCT / EP2007 / 008953 described security features. Such a combination is preferably produced by special embossing structures and by metallization and area demetallization.

In the variants of the invention in which the second security feature is also present in the see-through security element, the Window area or the through opening of the security paper with advantage a third security feature with a through the outline shape of the window portion or the through hole formed third Make a motif with the first and second motif in a meaningful context stands. In particular, the third security feature may have the same theme as the first and / or second security feature.

• – ein Durchsichtssicherheitselement mit dem ersten Sicherheitsmerkmal, das durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung des zumindest ersten Motivs gebildet ist, und mit dem zweiten Sicherheitsmerkmal mit dem zweiten Motiv, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht, erzeugt,
• – wird in dem Sicherheitspapier ein Fensterbereich oder eine durchgehende Öffnung erzeugt, und
• – wird das Durchsichtssicherheitselement in oder über dem Fensterbereich oder der durchgehenden Öffnung angeordnet.

In a method for producing the above-described security paper is

• A see-through security element with the first security feature, which is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing the at least first motif, and with the second security feature with the second motif, which stands in a meaningful relationship with the first motif,
• - In the security paper, a window area or a through opening is generated, and
• - The see-through security element is arranged in or over the window area or the through opening.

• – das Sicherheitselement ein erstes Sicherheitsmerkmal aufweist, das durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung zumindest eines ersten Motivs gebildet ist,
• – wobei die mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung ein Motivbild enthält, das in eine Mehrzahl von Zellen eingeteilt ist, in denen jeweils abgebildete Bereiche des ersten Motivs angeordnet sind, sowie ein Betrachtungsraster aus einer Mehrzahl von Betrachtungselementen, das bei Betrachtung des Motivbilds das erste Motiv aus den in den Zellen angeordneten abgebildeten Bereichen rekonstruiert,
• – und dass das Sicherheitselement ein zweites Sicherheitsmerkmal mit zumindest einem zweiten Motiv aufweist, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht,
• – wobei das zweite Sicherheitsmerkmal durch einen innerhalb des ersten Sicherheitsmerkmals angeordneten statischen Bildbereich und das zweite Motiv durch die Umrissform des statischen Bildbereichs gebildet ist, wobei in dem statischen Bildbereich keine Betrachtungselemente vorgesehen sind oder die optische Wirkung der Betrachtungselemente neutralisiert ist und/oder keine abgebildeten Bereiche des ersten Motivs vorgesehen sind.

According to a second aspect of the invention, it is provided in a generic security element that

• The security element has a first security feature which is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing at least one first motif,
• - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement includes a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells, in each of which imaged areas of the first motif are arranged, as well as a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, the first motif from the in the Reconstructed cells arranged imaged areas,
• And that the security element has a second security feature with at least one second motif, which is in a meaning context with the first motif,
• Wherein the second security feature is formed by a static image area arranged within the first security feature and the second motif by the outline image of the static image area, wherein no viewing elements are provided in the static image area or the visual effect of the viewing elements is neutralized and / or no imaged areas of the first motif are provided.

• – ein Sicherheitselement mit dem ersten und zweiten Sicherheitsmerkmal erzeugt, wobei das erste Sicherheitsmerkmal durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung des zumindest ersten Motivs gebildet ist, und das zweiten Sicherheitsmerkmal das zweite Motiv bildet, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht,
• – wobei das zweite Sicherheitsmerkmal durch einen innerhalb des ersten Sicherheitsmerkmals angeordneten statischen Bildbereich und das zweite Motiv durch die Umrissform des statischen Bildbereichs gebildet wird, wobei in dem statischen Bildbereich keine Betrachtungselemente vorgesehen sind oder die optische Wirkung der Betrachtungselemente neutralisiert ist und/oder keine abgebildeten Bereiche des ersten Motivs vorgesehen sind.

In a method for producing the above-described security element is

• A security element is generated with the first and second security feature, wherein the first security feature is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing the at least first motif, and the second security feature forms the second motif, which is in a meaning context with the first motif,
• Wherein the second security feature is formed by a static image area arranged within the first security feature and the second motif by the outline shape of the static image area, wherein no viewing elements are provided in the static image area or the visual effect of the viewing elements is neutralized and / or no imaged areas of the first motif are provided.

To a third aspect of the invention is in a generic Security element provided that

• - The security element a first Having security feature, by a micro-optical representation arrangement is formed to represent at least a first motif,
• - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement contains a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells, in which respectively imaged areas of the first motif are arranged, and a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, when viewed reconstructs the first motif from the imaged areas arranged in the cells of the motif image,
• - And that the security element is a second security feature having at least a second motif that with the first motif in a sense context,
• - wherein the second security feature by an area with an optically variable layer system and the second motif through the outline shape of this area is formed.

• – ein Sicherheitselement mit dem ersten und zweiten Sicherheitsmerkmal erzeugt, wobei das erste Sicherheitsmerkmal durch eine mikrooptische Darstellungsanordnung zur Darstellung des zumindest ersten Motivs gebildet ist, und das zweiten Sicherheitsmerkmal das zweite Motiv bildet, das mit dem ersten Motiv in einem Sinnzusammenhang steht,
• – wobei das zweite Sicherheitsmerkmal durch einen Bereich mit einem optisch variablen Schichtsystem und das zweite Motiv durch die Umrissform dieses Bereichs gebildet wird.

In a method for producing the above-described security element is

• A security element is generated with the first and second security feature, wherein the first security feature is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing the at least first motif, and the second security feature forms the second motif, which is in a meaning context with the first motif,
• - The second security feature is formed by an area with an optically variable layer system and the second motif by the outline of this area.

at the security elements of the second and third aspects of the invention can, but need not be visual security elements act. The security elements can also be nontransparent, For example, metallized and designed for viewing in supervision be. This may be the case, for example, when microvoided mirrors are used Viewing elements are used. Also in the designs of the second and third aspects of the invention are the first and second Motif always in a context of meaning, being related With the first aspect of the invention made statements on the importance and training of this feature here as well be valid.

In an advantageous variant of the invention is the second security feature through a region with a thin-film element with a color-shift effect educated. Such thin-film elements typically have a reflective layer, an absorber layer, and an intermediate layer between the Reflection layer and the absorber layer disposed dielectric Spacer layer on. The color shift effect is based on viewing angle dependent Interference effects due to multiple reflections in the different sublayers of the element. If the thin-film element semitransparent be formed, for example, for use in one See-through security element, so can the thin-film element one enclosed by two thin metal layers consist dielectric layer, wherein the metal layers in this Case be made so thin that they partially are translucent. Alternatively, the thin film element also from a sequence of dielectric layers with different Refractive index are formed.

In a likewise advantageous variant of the invention is the field with an optically variable layer system additionally with Provided embossed structures that lead to a blind effect and / or additionally modify the color shift effect. Such Embossed structures, for example, by saw tooth structures be formed.

To Another, likewise advantageous variant of the invention is the second security feature by a region with a liquid crystalline material, for example, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer formed with the outline of the second motif.

In the variants of the invention in which the second security feature is formed by a color variable layer system, another Coordination between the first and second security feature provided be. For this, the depicted areas of the first motif are colored executed so that the first subject when viewed in a given color appears. The color impression of the optical variable layer system is then considered for consideration predetermined viewing conditions to the color of the first subject customized. At the predetermined viewing conditions, this shows optically variable layer system same color as the enlarged Images of the micro-optical representation arrangement during in other viewing conditions by the color shift effect of optically variable layer system color differences between the two Motives result.

at the adaptation of the colors of the optically variable layer system and The pictured areas of the first motif is also to take into account that the pictured areas of the first motive may be multi-colored in some embodiments and / or change their color as a function of tilt angle can. For generating multi-colored configurations can For example, a feature area of the first motif metallic Contain nanostructures in which by the incident electromagnetic Radiation volume or surface plasmons excited and / or Resonance phenomena are caused. The second motif will be thereby formed by a color variable layer system, which to For this purpose have a certain outline shape and / or as a raster image can be created.

The Invention further includes a value document, such as a banknote, an identity card and the like, with a security paper or Security element of the type described above.

Further Embodiments and advantages of the invention will be explained below with reference to the figures. For better Clarity is indicated in the figures on a scale and proportionally true representation omitted.

It demonstrate:

1 a schematic representation of a banknote with a see-through security element according to the invention,

2 the banknote of 1 in cross section,

3 schematically the layer structure of a micro-optical representation arrangement in cross-section,

4 an enlarged section of the banknote 1 in the area of the through opening,

5 a further embodiment of a security paper according to the invention with coordinated first and second motifs, wherein (a) shows the visual appearance when viewed from a general viewing direction and (b) the appearance with precisely fitted motifs,

6 in (a) and (b) two embodiments according to the invention for designs in which the two motifs conclusively complement one another to form an overall image,

7 a further embodiment of the invention, in which both the first and the second security feature in the see-through security element, wherein (a) shows the security paper in cross section and (b) an enlarged section in the region of the through opening in plan view,

8th a security element according to the invention, in which the second security feature is formed by a static image area arranged within the microoptical representation arrangement,

9 a further security element according to the invention, in which the second security feature is formed by an area with an optically variable layer system,

10 . 11 two film assemblies for security elements according to the invention with color-shifting thin-film elements as a second security feature, and

12 a development of the design of 6 (a) according to a further embodiment of the invention.

The invention will now be explained using the example of security elements for banknotes. 1 shows a schematic representation of a banknote 10 with a see-through security element 12 over a see-through area, such as a window area or through opening 14 the banknote 10 arranged. 2 shows the banknote 10 along the line II-II of 1 in cross section.

To increase the security against counterfeiting contains the banknote 10 two safety features related to each other in terms of meaning, representing two motifs that are spatially arranged in their arrangement, shape and size. As a result of this measure, in addition to the security against counterfeiting, the recognizability of the security features and the user's attention are also increased, as explained in more detail below.

The first security feature is in the see-through security element 12 a micro-optical representation arrangement for displaying at least a first motif arranged. As explained in more detail above, such a microoptical display arrangement can be designed in particular as a moiré magnification arrangement, as a moiré-type microoptical magnification arrangement or as a modulo magnification arrangement.

For a brief illustration of the basic principle of such representation arrangements shows 3 schematically the layer structure of a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 in cross section, with only the parts required for the explanation of the layer structure are shown. The micro-optical representation arrangement 30 contains a carrier 20 in the form of a transparent plastic film, for example an approximately 20 micron thick polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. The top of the carrier film 20 is with a grid-shaped arrangement of microlenses 22 provided on the surface of the carrier film a two-dimensional Bravais grid with a preselected symmetry. The Bravais grating, for example, have a hexagonal lattice symmetry. However, other, in particular lower symmetries and thus more general forms, such as the symmetry of a parallelogram grating, are also possible.

The distance between adjacent microlenses 22 is preferably chosen as low as possible in order to ensure the highest possible area coverage and thus a high-contrast representation. The spherically or aspherically designed microlenses 22 preferably have a diameter between 5 microns and 50 microns and in particular a diameter between only 10 microns and 35 microns and are therefore not visible to the naked eye. On the underside of the carrier film 20 is a motif layer 26 arranged one in a plurality of cells 24 Divided motif image with micromotive elements 28 contains. The arrangement of the grid cells 24 also forms a two-dimensional Bravais lattice with a preselected symmetry.

In the case of a moiré magnification arrangement, the Bravais grid of the grid cells is different 24 in its symmetry and / or in the size of its lattice parameter slightly from the Bravais lattice of the microlenses 22 , Depending on the nature and size of the difference, when viewing the subject image, an enlarged image of the micromotif elements is created 28 ,

The grating period and the diameter of the lattice cells 24 are of the same order of magnitude as those of the microlenses 22 , ie preferably in the range of 5 microns to 50 microns and in particular in the range of 10 .mu.m to 35 .mu.m, so that the micromotif elements 28 usually not visible to the naked eye.

The optical thickness of the carrier film 20 and the focal length of the microlenses 22 are coordinated so that the motif layer 26 approximately at the distance of the lens focal length is. The carrier foil 20 thus forms an optical spacer layer having a desired, constant pitch of the microlenses 22 and the motif layer 26 guaranteed with the motif image.

In the designs according to the invention, the micro-optical representation arrangement contains a motif image 26 that is in a plurality of cells 24 is divided, in each of which imaged areas 28 of the first motif, and a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements 22 , When viewing the subject image 26 with the viewing grid, the first motif becomes the imaged areas in the cells 28 reconstructed, the first motif depending on the interpretation of the Dar positioning arrangement in front of and / or float behind the image plane or may be in the image plane.

Such micro-optical representation arrangements 30 also allow impressive movement effects, as explained in more detail in the above-mentioned publications. For example, the grid parameters of the arrangement of the imaged areas and the viewing grid can be matched to one another such that tilting of the display arrangement 30 an orthoparallactic motion effect results in which the first motive moves perpendicular to the tilt direction and not parallel to it, as one would intuitively expect.

Regarding 4 which has an enlarged section 40 the banknote 10 in the area of the through opening 14 shows, the first motif of the first security feature is a plurality of stars 42 formed in the manner explained above in the consideration of the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 be reconstructed. In the exemplary embodiment, the representation arrangement 30 designed so that the stars 42 in the vertical tilting of the arrangement (tilt direction 44 ) horizontally back and forth (direction of movement 46 ). Conversely, the stars move 42 when horizontally tilting vertically up and down, so show in both directions Kipprichtungen an orthoparallaktischen movement effect. However, motion effects are also particularly preferred in which the enlarged motifs, when tilting the security element relative to the tilting direction, move neither purely horizontally nor purely vertically but in a general direction.

This first security feature is now combined with a second security feature with a second motif, which in the embodiment by the outline shape 48 the through opening 14 is formed and that stands in a meaning context with the first motive. In the embodiment of 4 are the motives 42 . 48 related to each other, that both motives 42 . 48 are formed as seven-pointed stars identical shape, so represent the same image information with different sizes.

That of the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 reconstructed first motif may also contain a plurality of different sub-motives. For example, the stars 42 of the 4 when looking at the picture plane not only all seem to float in the same, but also in different levels. It is also possible for some of the sub-motifs to float in front of, while other sub-motifs float behind the image plane. The partial motifs, here the stars 42 , are each reduced images of the outline shape 48 the opening 14 , and have the same shape as this. The partial motifs can generally be reconstructed with different sizes, wherein, for example, the sub-motifs hovering above the image plane are larger, the sub-motifs hovering below the image plane can be made smaller.

The contextual linking of the two different security features by the same illustrated motif leads to a higher attention of the user and to a higher recognition value of the bill, so that the user the lack of one of the two security features or due to a forgery min derwertwert quality easily noticeable.

5 shows a further embodiment of a security paper according to the invention with coordinated first and second motif.

In the embodiment shown has a banknote 50 a continuous opening 52 on, whose outline form 54 the outline of the denomination of the banknote, for example, the number sequence "50" follows. The opening 52 is with a see-through security element 12 with a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 covered as already described above.

In the embodiment of 5 reconstructs the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 as motive also the number sequence "50". The pictured areas 28 and the magnification of the representation arrangement 30 is just chosen so that the reconstructed first motif 56 the same shape and size as the outline shape 54 the opening 52 having. In addition, the first motive 56 with a motion effect when tilting the presentation arrangement 30 which, together with the magnification, can be described by an enlargement and movement matrix, as for example in the application DE 10 2007 029 203.3 explained in more detail.

The motion effect causes the reconstructed first motif to fall 56 only when viewed from certain viewing directions with the outline 54 the opening 52 together. 5 (a) shows the visual appearance when viewed from a general viewing direction, in which the reconstructed first subject 56 opposite the outline 54 the opening 52 is moved. Only by suitable horizontal and vertical tilting of the representation arrangement 30 manages the motif 56 exactly in the outline form 54 fit in like in 5 (b) shown.

In addition to a high degree of conspicuity and high recognition value, the banknote 50 also a high anti-counterfeiting security, because in the production not only a suitable opening 52 and a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 to represent the digit sequence "50" must be generated, but the representation arrangement 30 must also be provided with the correct orientation and magnification to the digit sequence "50" exactly in the intended outline of the opening 52 fit.

Other possibilities for matching the first and second motives of a security paper are in 6 shown. Instead of presenting the same information or parts of the same information twice, the two motifs can also be conclusive information complementary to an overall picture. 6 (a) shows a security paper 60 with a through opening 62 , whose outline 64 a bow window 66 and the silhouette 68 a city forms. The opening 62 is with a see-through security element 12 with a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 of the kind described above, which as a motive clouds 70 represents when tilting the presentation arrangement 30 horizontally back and forth (direction of movement 72 ) move.

The magnification and motion matrix of the representation arrangement 30 can be chosen so that the clouds 70 regardless of the tilt direction of the arrangement 30 always horizontal in the direction 72 move. Such a design combines a high degree of conspicuity and a high recognition value with a high security against forgery, since the presentation arrangement 30 including the movement effect exactly on the complex outline of the opening 62 must be coordinated. Guidance on how to design the magnification and motion matrix to achieve the above effects is in the application PCT / EP2008 / 005172 described, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.

The sharp edges of with respect to the 4 . 5 and 6 (a) Openings described can be well produced for example by punching or laser cutting. In alternative embodiments, the openings can also be produced paper-making with edges with characteristic irregularities. Particularly attractive and tamper-proof variants used apertures with a combination of sharp and characteristically irregular edges, which have already been generally described above.

With reference to the security paper 80 of the 6 (b) is the outline 84 the opening 82 in the area of the bow window 86 produced paper-making and has there an irregular edge. In the area of the city silhouette 88 , in which a higher accuracy is required, is like in 6 (a) produced by laser cutting a sharp edge area. The opening 82 with the two different border areas 86 . 88 is then in the manner described above with a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing the clouds 70 combined. Depending on the physical size of the opening 82 may in practice be the irregular edge of the bow window 86 may be realized only at the top of the window, as the distance of the city silhouette 88 to the edge of the arc window 86 may be too low in the lower window area.

Also in the further embodiments of the invention are two in each case Security features with first and second, in a meaningful context standing motives. For the sake of simplicity, the Meaningful context in the embodiments explained below each illustrated by motifs of the same form (seven-pointed stars). It is understood, however, that the motives also in the other embodiments in general can relate to each other or to one another Complete information or a coherent overall picture can.

According to another aspect of the invention, now with reference to the cross section of 7 (a) and the supervision of 7 (b) is explained in the context of the 2 to 4 already described, by a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 formed first security feature combined with a second security feature with a second motif, which is also in the over a through opening 14 a security paper 90 arranged see-through security element 92 is present.

In the embodiment of 7 the second security feature provides a diffractive optical element 94 that is from a passing beam 100 of substantially parallel light in transmission on a screen 102 trappable projection image 104 created with the second motif. According to the invention, the second motif is in a sense context with the first motif of the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 and also represents a seven-pointed star in the embodiment 104 with the same shape as the stars 42 represents.

To the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 with the diffractive optical element 94 to combine that with the outline 48 the through opening 14 limited area in first areas 96 and second areas 98 divided, in which the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 (first surface areas 96 ) or the diffractive optical element 94 (second surface areas 98 ) is present. The division into first and second surface areas 96 . 98 can be done arbitrarily. In addition to divisions, based on the outline shape of the opening 14 orient, as in 7 (b) For example, alternate sequences of stripes or rectangles may also be considered.

At the in 7 The embodiment shown forms the outline shape 48 the opening 14 a third security feature with a third motif, as in the embodiment of 4 forms a seven-pointed star. The security paper 90 thus has three different security features, each representing or generating the same motif. Here are the first security feature, namely the reconstructed Steren 42 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 , and the third security feature, namely the star-shaped outline 48 the opening 14 , easily recognizable by the naked eye. The second security feature, namely in the diffractive optical element 94 coded star representation 104 , represents a security feature of higher level, the first by irradiation of the see-through security element 92 with a laser pointer 106 is generated and on a screen 102 can be caught. Under special lighting and viewing conditions, the star may also be visible to the naked eye.

For the second security feature of the see-through security element 12 For example, instead of a diffractive optical element, it is also possible to use a refractive optical element which generates from a passing beam of essentially parallel light or from light of a distant point light source a second motif recognizable with the naked eye and without aids, as in the document WO 2007/137744 A2 and in the application PCT / EP2008 / 002841 described in more detail. Alternatively, the second motif can be projected onto a screen with a laser.

In the manufacture of the see-through security element 92 may be the structural elements of the diffractive optical element 94 or the refractive optical element together with the microlenses 22 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 be shaped. The structures can be brought together with the microlenses on a tool with the highest register accuracy. The micromotif elements 28 the representation arrangement 30 can then be fully embossed on the back of the film. It has been found that the functionality of the arranged on the front diffractive or refractive optical elements is practically not affected by such a back side embossing. Alternatively, however, those film regions which contain diffractive or refractive optical elements on their front side can also be used for the back side embossing of micromotif elements 28 be spared.

When viewing are enlarged pictures 42 in the regions equipped with diffractive or refractive optical elements, such as the second surface areas 98 of the 7 (b) not to be seen. This effect can be interesting combinations with motion effects of the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 be used as the moving enlarged pictures 42 when reaching the second surface areas 98 to disappear into nothingness, or to appear from nowhere.

In micro-optic Darstellungsanordnun gene 30 with colored micromotif elements 28 For example, the regions provided with diffractive or refractive optical elements appear uniformly in the color of the micromotif elements but with a reduced color intensity corresponding to the areal coverage of the micromotif elements.

In it may be further embodiments of the invention with the security elements applied to the security paper not just visual security elements, but also non-transparent ones Act security elements in which the microstructures of the micro-optical Representation arrangement visible for example by metallization are made. The security elements described below can be transparent depending on the desired application be formed partially transparent or non-transparent.

In all designs, the security elements according to the invention have a first security feature, which is provided by a micro-optical representation arrangement 30 to form at least a first motif is formed, and a second security feature with at least a second motif, which is in a meaningful context with the first motif.

In the embodiment 110 of the 8th is the second security feature by one within the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 arranged static image area 112 formed in which either no microlenses 22 are provided, or in which the optical effect of the microlenses 22 , for example by leveling the microlenses 22 is neutralized with a transparent varnish of sufficient thickness and similar refractive index. The second motive associated with the first motif is the outline shape 114 of the static image area 112 educated. In the embodiment of 8th indicates the static image area 112 also the shape of a seven-pointed star 114 he poses the same motif as the stars 42 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 represents.

In the static image area 112 occur due to the lack of microlenses 22 or due to the neutralization of their optical effect no enlarged images 42 on. In micro-optical representation arrangements 30 with movement effects, the pictures seem to be 42 therefore, when reaching the outline 114 of the static image area 112 to dissolve, or appear to emerge on the opposite side of him. Overall, the static image area represents 112 a fixed, colored area whose color impression of the color of the micromotif elements of the representation arrangement 30 is determined. Again, the color intensity of the area 112 against the color intensity of the micromotif elements 28 reduced in accordance with the area coverage of the micromotif elements.

Become - like not shown here - micro hollow mirror as viewing elements used, they can be partially neutralized be made by the mirroring recessed in the appropriate places or subsequently removed. If you use a continuous Mirroring, it may instead be based on the embossing of the Microvoided mirrors are dispensed with in the corresponding areas. For example, thin metal layers are used as silvering question.

9 shows a further embodiment 120 the invention, wherein the second security feature by an area 122 with an optically variable layer system and the second motif by the outline of this area 122 is formed. In this embodiment, the optically variable layer system area 122 a plurality of seven-pointed stars 124 . 126 the same shape as the stars 42 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 exhibit. It is understood that the motive of the optically variable layer system area 122 the enlarged pictures 42 can also be added to an overall picture or can form a coherent overall picture with them.

The optically variable layer system area 122 can both inside (star 126 ) as well as outside (stars 124 ) of the region of the micro-optical representation 30 lie as in 9 shown. The optically variable layer system may be a liquid crystalline material region, or what is presently preferred, a thin-film color-shifting element region.

Especially In the latter case, there are a variety of execution options. The thin-film element may be opaque or semitransparent be created. For opaque variants are layer sequences from absorber layer - dielectric layer - reflector layer used in which the reflector layer is formed so thick that it is opaque. Semitransparent thin-film elements may also be included in one of two metal layers consist of dielectric layer, in which case both metal layers be thin enough to be partially translucent to stay. Alternatively, a semitransparent layer sequence can also from a sequence of dielectric layers with different Refractive index are generated.

If such a security element is to be used in the region of a see-through window, then both semitransparent and completely reflective configurations are possible. In window-free areas, the use of completely reflective designs offers.

Consists of the motif picture 26 the representation arrangement 30 from colored micromotif elements 28 , The color impression of the color-shifting thin-film element may be adapted to this color when viewed under predetermined viewing conditions. Under these viewing conditions, the optically variable layer system area 122 then the same color as the enlarged pictures 42 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 ,

For example, the area 122 of the 9 be designed so that its color impression changes from magenta when viewed vertically to green at oblique viewing. The micromotif elements are tuned to this 28 also executed in magenta, so for the stars 42 gives a magenta color impression, which, unlike the color impression of the color-shifting area 122 , remains essentially unchanged when tilting the security element.

When viewed vertically are the stars 42 that within the middle star 126 of the optically variable layer system area 122 lie, practically invisible, because both the stars 42 as well as the color-shifting area 122 Appear magenta. If the security element is tilted or the viewer changes its position, the color of the stars changes 124 . 126 of the color-tilting area 122 from magenta to green, while the color of the magnified stars 42 remains unchanged. The stars 42 then emerge clearly with a magenta appearance against a green background.

Be the microstructures of the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 not colored, but metallized, so this metallization layer can also be used as a reflector layer for the thin-film element. A corresponding film structure of a security element 130 is in 10 shown schematically in cross section.

It will be in a first area 132 looking at the metallized motif layer 26 through the microlenses 22 that of the micromotif elements 28 reconstructed formed first motif. In the second area 134 lies a color-shifting thin-film element 136 before that is a partially transparent absorber layer 138 made of chromium, a deposited dielectric SiO ₂ spacer layer 140 and a reflective layer formed by an opaque aluminum layer 142 includes. The opaque reflection layer 142 of the second area 134 forms in the first area 132 the metallization layer 26 the micro-optical representation arrangement 30 ,

In the construction of the 10 becomes the thin-film element 136 through the microlenses 22 whereby its color-shifting properties may be modified and / or mitigated. Alternatively, therefore, a film structure 150 as in 11 be shown, in which the thin-film element 136 on the side facing the viewer of the microlenses 22 is applied.

Another variant is the color-shifting coating differently than in the variant of 10 in which the thin-film element 136 next to that with micromotif elements 28 occupied surface area 132 is arranged to apply to the surface occupied with micromotiv elements. This can be done without a spacer layer, so that the color-shifting coating is applied directly to the area occupied by micromotif elements. In an alternative variant, it is also possible to separate the color-shifting coating by an additional spacer layer from the plane of the micromotif elements, resulting in the following structure: microlenses - optical spacer layer whose strength corresponds to the focal length of the microlenses, - level with the micromotif elements - additional spacer layer - color-shifting coating. In all cases, the second motif results from the outline of the color-shifting coating, but it can also be created as a raster image.

In Another preferred embodiment is a semitransparent color shift system, which provides the information of the second motif, between the microlenses and the Motif layer brought, whereby the level of the Mikromotivelemente still in the focus of microlenses.

For the production of the film structure 150 of the 11 can proceed as follows: First, the desired microstructures on the back of a PET film 152 embossed. Then the microlens embossing takes place on the foil front side, whereby in the second area 134 , in which the color-shifting thin-film elements are provided, no microlenses are embossed. Then those with microlenses 22 provided first areas 132 printed with a wash and the thin-layer system 142 . 140 . 138 evaporated over the entire surface. By washing out the wash paint, the evaporated layers are in the first area 132 away. Finally, the embossed microstructures of the back of the film are completely covered with a metal layer 154 steamed.

If the microstructures are not vapor-deposited, but filled with paint, it may be advantageous to make the thin-film element semitransparent. The color of the microstructures then shimmers through the thin-film element 136 and simplifies the color matching of thin film element and microstructures.

The in the second areas 134 provided optically variable layer systems may also be semitransparent to the microlenses 22 applied who the without leveling or auszuschparen. In this case, the enlarged images are visible through the optically variable layer system, such as in FIG 9 shown. If, instead of the semitransparent, optically variable layer system, a completely reflective color-shifting layer system is used, the enlarged images can only be seen in the released areas.

12 shows a development of already in connection with 6 (a) described design in which the security paper 160 in an environment of the through opening 162 was provided with a laser-modifiable marker. The laser-modifiable marking substance shows a desired color change upon exposure to laser radiation, in the exemplary embodiment from colorless to red. In the area of the city silhouette 168 the laser-modifiable marking substance was then laser-shaped in the form of desired markings 164 For example, the doors, windows or church clock shown in the figure, modified.

In this case, in the same operation with the same laser beam both the sharp edge 166 . 168 the opening 162 be cut, as well as at reduced laser energy of the marker in the form of the markings 164 be modified. The locally introduced laser energy can be reduced by reducing the laser power and / or increasing the deflection speed of the laser beam. The markings 164 This allows high accuracy to the edge of the opening 162 and to the city silhouette 168 be passed. Further information about the equipment of security paper with laser-modifiable markers can be found in the registration form PCT / EP2008 / 004921 are removed, the disclosure of which is included in the present application in this respect.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 0330733 A1 [0004]
• EP 0064067 A1 [0004]
• - US 5712731 A [0005]
• - DE 102005062132 [0015]
• - DE 102007029203 [0015, 0070]
• - DE 102007029204 [0015]
• - EP 2006/012374 [0015]
• - EP 2008/005171 [0015]
• - EP 2008/005172 [0015, 0074]
• WO 2006/119896 A2 [0019]
• - WO 2007/137744 A2 [0026, 0082]
• - EP 2008/002841 [0026, 0082]
• - EP 2007/008953 [0027]
• - EP 2008/004921 [0107]

Cited non-patent literature

• "The Moire Magnifier", MC Hutley, R. Hunt, RF Stevens and P. Savander, Pure Appl. Opt. 3 (1994), pp. 133-142 [0006]

Claims (22)

Security paper for the production of security or value documents with a see-through security element, which is arranged in or over a window area or a through opening of the security paper, characterized in that - the see-through security element has a first security feature by a micro-optical representation arrangement for displaying at least a first Motif is formed, - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement contains a motif image, which is divided into a plurality of cells, in which respectively imaged areas of the first motif are arranged, as well as a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, the first motif when viewing the motif image reconstructed from the imaged areas arranged in the cells, and that the security paper has a second security feature with at least one second motif associated with the first motif in a sense context ng stands. Security paper according to claim 1, characterized that the first and second motif are related or each other represent supplementary information. Security paper according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the first and second motif in their visual Appearance, in particular special arrangement, color, shape and / or Size spatially coordinated are. Security paper according to at least one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second security feature through the window area or through the opening of the security paper and the second motif by the outline shape the window portion or the continuous opening formed is. Security paper according to claim 4, characterized that the window area or the through opening at least has a sharply defined edge in a subarea. Security paper according to claim 4 or 5, characterized characterized in that the window area or the through opening at least in one subarea, an edge created during papermaking having characteristic irregularities. Security paper according to at least one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second security feature is present in the see-through security element. Security paper according to claim 7, characterized the second security feature is a diffractive optical element which is substantially parallel to a passing beam Light in transmission a trappable projection image with the second motif created. Security paper according to claim 7, characterized that the second security feature is a refractive optical element is that of a passing beam of substantially parallel Light or from light from a distant point light source the second Motif generated. Security paper according to at least one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the window area or the through opening of security paper a third Security feature with a through the outline shape of the window area or the continuous opening formed third motif forms, with the first and second motif in a meaningful context stands. Security element for security or value documents, thereby marked that - the security element a first security feature that is characterized by a micro-optical Representation arrangement for displaying at least a first motif is formed, - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement Motif image contains that divided into a plurality of cells is, arranged in each of which imaged areas of the first motif and a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, when looking at the subject image, the first motif from the in the Reconstructed cells arranged imaged areas, and that - the Security element a second security feature with at least a second motif that matches the first motif in a Context of meaning, - where the second security feature arranged by one within the first security feature static image area and the second motif by the outline shape is formed of the static image area, wherein in the static Image area no viewing elements are provided or the optical effect of the viewing elements is neutralized and / or no imaged areas of the first subject are provided. Security element for security or value documents, characterized in that - the security element has a first security feature, which is formed by a micro-optical representation arrangement for representing at least a first motif, - wherein the micro-optical representation arrangement a motif image which is divided into a plurality of cells, in which respective imaged areas of the first motif are arranged, as well as a viewing grid of a plurality of viewing elements, which reconstructs the first motif from the imaged areas arranged in the cells when viewing the motif image , and in that - the security element has a second security feature with at least one second motif that correlates with the first motif, - wherein the second security feature is formed by an area with an optically variable layer system and the second motif by the outline shape of this area , Security element according to claim 11 or 12, characterized characterized in that the first and second motif relate to each other or complementary information. Security element according to at least one of the claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the first and second motif in their visual appearance, especially in arrangement, Color, shape and / or size spatially are coordinated. Security element according to at least one of the claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the second security feature formed by an area with a color-shifting thin-film element is. Security element according to at least one of the claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the second security feature through a region with a liquid crystalline material is formed. Security element according to at least one of the claims 11 to 16, characterized in that the imaged areas of the first motif are executed in color, and that the Color impression of the optically variable layer system under consideration predetermined viewing conditions to the color of the first subject is adjusted. Value document, such as banknote, identity card and the like, with a security paper according to at least one of claim 1 to 10 or a security element according to at least one of the claims 11 to 17. Method for producing a security paper according to one of claims 1 to 6, in which - one See-through security element with the first security feature, this is represented by a micro-optical representation arrangement is formed of at least the first motif is generated, - in the security paper as a second security feature a window area or a through opening is created and the second one Motif that is in a context of meaning with the first motif, by the outline shape of the window area or the through opening is formed, and - the see-through security element in or above the window area or through opening is arranged. Method for producing a security paper according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, 7 to 10, in which - A see-through security element with the first security feature by a micro-optical representation arrangement is formed to represent the at least first motif, and with the second security feature with the second motif, the one with the first motive in a meaningful context is generated, - in the security paper a window area or a through opening is generated, and - the see-through security element in or above the window area or through opening is arranged. Method for producing a security element according to claim 11, wherein - a security element with the first security feature being a micro-optical Presentation arrangement for displaying the at least first motif is formed, and with the second security feature with the second Motif that is in a context of meaning with the first motif, is produced, - where the second security feature arranged by one within the first security feature static image area and the second motif by the outline shape is formed of the static image area, wherein in the static Image area no viewing elements are provided or the optical effect of the viewing elements is neutralized and / or no imaged areas of the first subject are provided. Method for producing a security element according to claim 12, wherein - a security element with the first security feature being a micro-optical Presentation arrangement for displaying the at least first motif is formed, and with the second security feature with the second Motif that is in a context of meaning with the first motif, is produced, - where the second security feature through an area with an optically variable layer system and the second motif is formed by the outline of this area.