DE102008053604A1 - Device for evaluating driving condition of hybrid vehicle, is provided with hybrid vehicle that is driven by internal combustion engine and electric machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The device is provided with a hybrid vehicle that is driven by an internal combustion engine and an electric machine. The driving condition of a conventional vehicle driven by only internal combustion engine, equivalent to the hybrid vehicle is provided as driving condition-reference. The calculator unit compares the use-related driving data of electric machine determined by the measuring device with the characteristic data for the fuel use of the internal combustion engine called from the memory. An independent claim is included for a method for evaluating the driving condition of a hybrid vehicle.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for evaluating the driving state a hybrid vehicle based on a reference, according to the The preamble of claim 1.

hybrid vehicles are optionally by an internal combustion engine and / or by at least an electric machine drivable. That's it for a driver difficult, the driving condition of the hybrid vehicle, and in particular its fuel consumption, reliable estimate. Because alternatively or in addition to the internal combustion engine (and thus the consumption of fuel) is yes by the electric machine or machines (and thus by means of electrical energy) moment introduced into the drive train of the hybrid vehicle to drive the hybrid vehicle. This can, for the or each electric machine needed, electrical energy from the combustion engine (eg due to load point displacement), from the kinetic energy of the hybrid vehicle (recuperation) and / or from an electrical energy store (eg a high-voltage battery). Due to the additional use of electrical energy, in addition to the consumption of fuel, to drive the hybrid vehicle So is almost the (current) driving condition of the hybrid vehicle from (current) fuel consumption decoupled. There is a need for this on a device for the particular consumption-related evaluation the driving condition of a hybrid vehicle, by comparison with a Reference.

The generic JP 2007210487 discloses a device for evaluating the driving state of a hybrid vehicle based on a reference, and comprises a measuring device for collecting consumption-related driving data for driving state characterization, a memory for retrieving consumption-related reference data for displaying a driving state reference, a computing unit for comparing the consumption-related driving data collected by the measuring device with consumption-related reference data retrieved from the memory and for generating information for evaluating the driving state, and a display device for displaying the information generated by the arithmetic unit for evaluating the driving state for the driver of the hybrid vehicle. As consumption-related reference data minimum fuel consumption data are provided. In other words, the driving state of the hybrid vehicle is compared with an energy-optimal driving state reference of the hybrid vehicle, so as to facilitate the driver of the hybrid vehicle, a consumption-related assessment of his driving condition. However, this energy-optimal driving state reference must first be created by driving through the corresponding route or by means of a corresponding simulation calculation. This then requires either a complex data provision and storage in the hybrid vehicle, with a relatively large memory. Or averaging or classifications of driving conditions of the hybrid vehicle are made, but this requires relatively large inaccuracies and / or costly preprocessing in the hybrid vehicle. In addition, this device does not allow a comparison of consumption-related driving data of the hybrid vehicle with consumption-related driving data of a conventional, ie driven only by an internal combustion engine, vehicle. However, this is interesting for a driver who is not used to such a hybrid vehicle.

The The object of the invention is therefore to provide the generic Device with regard to the problems mentioned to improve.

The The object is solved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims relate to advantageous training and further education the invention.

According to the invention as the driving state reference, the driving state of a hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional, driven only by an internal combustion engine, vehicle intended; wherein the arithmetic unit raised by the measuring device consumption-related driving data of an electric machine with from the memory retrieved map data for the fuel consumption of Combustion engine so compares, using the fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine, the consumption-related driving data of or each electric machine on consumption-related driving data of the internal combustion engine be converted to generate the information for evaluation the consumption-related driving data of the hybrid vehicle with the consumption-related Driving data of a hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional Vehicle. As consumption-related driving data thereby become current or current data collected by the measuring device. The invention based on the idea, not the current driving condition of the Hybrid vehicle with a relatively complex to be determined energy-optimal Compare driving condition of the hybrid vehicle as a reference. Instead is the current total energy consumption of the hybrid vehicle with the fuel consumption of a hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional, d. H. only drivable by an internal combustion engine, Vehicle compared. As most drivers of a hybrid vehicle such a conventional vehicle and in particular its Fuel consumption behavior is known allows the invention an evaluation of the driving condition of a hybrid vehicle with relatively little effort.

When a "equivalent" in the context of the invention is intended in particular to designate a conventional vehicle which is for initiating torque in the powertrain though the same internal combustion engine as the hybrid vehicle does not however, its electric machine or electric machines. As usual mostly the main part of the moment from the combustion engine to the Powertrains of the hybrid vehicle is initiated, the equivalent Vehicle thus in about a mostly similar drive power or a similar acceleration capacity as the hybrid vehicle on. It needs only in an advantageous way the fuel consumption map of this one internal combustion engine be kept in the memory. Alternatively, as equivalent Vehicle also a conventional vehicle with the same power and / or Same acceleration as the hybrid vehicle be provided. Also possible is a characterization the equivalence by other z. B. driveline related quantities such as elasticity. But here are the fuel consumption maps of two internal combustion engines in Speicher vorzuhalten, namely the internal combustion engine of the Hybrid vehicle and the internal combustion engine of the equivalent Vehicle.

The In particular, the invention has the advantage that a survey extensive reference data, to represent the energy-optimal Driving condition reference, as well as a storage of this data in the hybrid vehicle, can be omitted. Furthermore, the invention allows a much more accurate assessment of the driving condition of the hybrid vehicle, by as consumption-related driving data or consumption-related reference data current or current, d. H. related to the route, data usable are. So it is not an error prone use of Driving patterns or classes necessary for the hybrid vehicle. Regardless, as consumption-based driving or reference data of course, except instantaneous values also processed Values usable, such. B. smoothed and / or for example via averaged five minutes or over a kilometer Values. In addition, the inventively provided Measuring device, the memory and the computing unit of course, rather than as separate entities, even wholly or proportionately as already existing in the vehicle facilities possible, for example as one or more control units.

Especially are preferred as consumption-related driving data, the speed and the operating mode of the or each electric machine, as well as a torque request to the hybrid vehicle such as an accelerator pedal position, usable. Because this torque request to the hybrid vehicle is yes by the control electronics depending on the situation on the Internal combustion engine and the or each electric machine split. This results in the use of these consumption-related driving data one relatively accurate consumption-based assessment of the driving condition of the hybrid vehicle. In particular, in addition to the speed and the mode of a Electric machine to be considered, since the electric machine is operable either as a motor or as a generator. During operation the electric machine as the engine, the torque request to the hybrid vehicle at least partially applied by the electric machine. When operating an electric machine as a generator, a higher torque, as the torque request to the hybrid vehicle corresponds to the internal combustion engine and the or each electric machines applied together become, for example, still an electrical energy storage charge. The during operation of the internal combustion engine of the hybrid vehicle required fuel is about, for example determines the consumption signal of the engine control. With these driving data is then, using stored in the memory map data of the Fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine, one of the driving condition determined the hybrid vehicle dependent fuel consumption, as with an equivalent conventional vehicle would arise. As these required, consumption-related driving data usually already present in the vehicle, the invention is relative small modifications of the hybrid vehicle feasible.

Especially the device according to the invention is preferred provided in a hybrid vehicle, which is designed as a parallel hybrid is, in which so the internal combustion engine and electric machine via a Joint shaft optional power to initiate in the transmission, for Drive of the hybrid vehicle. As with such a hybrid vehicle the speeds of internal combustion engine and electric machine firmly coupled are, results in a particularly simple assessment of the driving condition of the hybrid vehicle.

Prefers is the one shown for the driver of the hybrid vehicle Information as absolute consumption savings, especially in savings Liters per 100 km, or as relative consumption savings, in particular as a percentage, provided. This information is from the driving state rating the arithmetic unit easily derivable and on the display device understandable to the driver. It allows also a driver not accustomed to a hybrid vehicle an intuitive detection of the driving state of the hybrid vehicle. Such information may be displayed on the display device, for example represented as a number or as a column diagram, where Of course, other representations or combinations possible are.

Preferably, a proportional representation of the route of the hybrid vehicle is provided at For example, the representation of multiple time intervals and / or multiple distance intervals of the route. Such a representation allows the driver of the hybrid vehicle additionally the assessment of the temporal evolution of his driving condition. For this purpose, for example, equidistant time or distance intervals may be provided, resulting in a "mediocre" representation by a corresponding averaging. In addition, the display of a respective mean value over the traveled distance or the represented portions of the traveled distance can be provided.

There during the standstill of the hybrid vehicle as a motor operated electric machine has no speed, so is not Fuel consumption via the fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine can be determined. That's why at standstill of the hybrid vehicle is preferably provided in the equivalent conventional vehicle idle consumption of the internal combustion engine to take into account. For detecting a standstill phase For example, the speed of the hybrid vehicle may be provided be.

A another special feature is the thrust and braking phases of the hybrid vehicle, in which the instantaneous request to the hybrid vehicle is zero. Here is preferred in the equivalent conventional vehicle a speed-dependent overrun fuel cutoff of the internal combustion engine simulated, which falls below a speed threshold a Consumption considered. The consideration This feature allows a further increase the accuracy of the evaluation of the consumption-related driving data of the hybrid vehicle with the consumption-related driving data of the Hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional vehicle.

The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a drawing. It shows 1 schematically a display of a display device according to the invention and 2 by way of example a computing unit according to the invention.

Is shown in 1 a possible ad 1 a display device according to the invention, for displaying the information generated by the computing unit for evaluating the driving condition for the driver of the hybrid vehicle. In this case, on the abscissa A past shares E, E ', E'', ... the route of the hybrid vehicle are shown. In this example, the fractions are formed as past 5-minute intervals. Thus, the first portion E to be displayed is formed by the last 5 minutes (calculated from the current time back). The second portion E 'to be displayed is the 5-minute interval which, calculated from the current time, ends before 5 minutes and begins 10 minutes ago. The other intervals are designed accordingly. The time intervals, calculated from the current time, the further back, the further right on the display 1 these are displayed.

On the ordinate O of the display 1 For each proportion, ie, for each 5-minute interval, the relative fuel consumption difference between the hybrid vehicle and an equivalent conventional vehicle is provided within that 5-minute interval. In other words, in this exemplary embodiment, the height of the illustrated beam corresponds to the percentage difference in fuel consumption between the electric vehicle and internal combustion engine drivable hybrid vehicle and the conventional vehicle drivable only by the internal combustion engine within the respective 5-minute interval.

In addition, the representation of an average value M, as a mean value of the relative fuel consumption difference between the hybrid vehicle and the equivalent conventional vehicle over the illustrated 5-minute intervals or every 5-minute intervals of the performed trip, is shown. This can be the type of ad 1 For example, the number of displayed 5-minute intervals, the presence of an average, the type and color of the bars of the histogram, etc. may be provided either automatically or manually adjustable by the driver. The maximum indicated percentage, as the maximum relative fuel consumption difference between the hybrid vehicle and the equivalent conventional vehicle corresponding in this exemplary embodiment of the height of the illustrated beam, is 70% in this exemplary embodiment. This value can also be provided adjustable, for example manually by the driver or automatically depending on the sizes of the bars shown. In this case, the use of a maximum value of the ordinate of less than 100% usually results in a well-readable representation.

This display 1 a display device according to the invention is to be understood merely as an example. A variety of other forms are possible, for example, using different number or size (width) of shares, for presentation as lines or three-dimensional structures, without departing from the scope of the invention.

According to 2 is exemplary, as part of a device according to the invention for evaluating the driving state of a hybrid vehicle based on a reference, a computing unit R shown. The hybrid vehicle is designed as a single-shaft parallel hybrid, in which an electric machine and an internal combustion engine on a common shaft are arranged for selectively initiating moment to drive the hybrid vehicle by the electric motor operated as a motor and / or the internal combustion engine. By means of the arithmetic unit R, the driving state of an equivalent conventional vehicle, which can only be driven by the internal combustion engine, is provided as the driving state reference of the hybrid vehicle. For this purpose, the arithmetic unit R compares consumption-related driving data F1, F2, F3, F4, ... of one or more measuring devices, in particular the electric machine with characteristic map data K retrieved from a memory. The map data K for the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine becomes instantaneous M and the rotational speed D of the common shaft or the electric machine evaluated to generate a fuel consumption V_konv. This fuel consumption V_konv, as a consumption equivalent of a conventional vehicle equivalent to the hybrid vehicle, represents information for evaluating the driving state of the hybrid vehicle.

to Evaluation of the driving condition of the hybrid vehicle will therefore be initially (current) consumption-related driving data for driving state characterization raised, namely the speed F1 of the electric machine, the Efficiency F2 of the electric machine, a driver request torque F3 than Torque request to the hybrid vehicle and a vehicle electrical system power F4. From this, in a section A1, an (actual) Moment M determined, as the sum of driver's request torque F3 and loss torque. The moment M is calculated as M = F3 + F4 * 60 / (2 * pi * F1) / F2.

to Consideration of the idle consumption of the internal combustion engine is also checked according to a case distinction F1, whether a (current) speed Da of the common shaft or the electric machine is smaller than the idling speed Dl of the internal combustion engine. If the rotational speed Da is smaller than the idle rotational speed Dl, to take into account the equivalent conventional Vehicle resulting idle consumption of the internal combustion engine than Speed D, the idle speed Dl specified. However, if the Speed Since greater than or equal to the idle speed Dl is, as the speed D, the speed Da is specified.

Under Use of the torque M and the rotational speed D are then map data K evaluated for the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine, to provide a fuel consumption V of z. In liters expressed per hour. To get out of this fuel economy V then an information for the evaluation of the consumption-related driving data of the hybrid vehicle with the consumption-related driving data of a the hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional vehicle then another case distinction is made F2 hit. According to the case distinction F2 is a fuel cut of the internal combustion engine of the equivalent considered in the conventional vehicle. For this purpose, it is checked whether a driver's desired torque of zero is specified at a speed the common shaft or the electric machine the larger is a threshold, for example 1500 revolutions per minute. If the condition is met, the overrun fuel cut becomes taken into account by the fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine is set as zero, z. B. as 0 liters per hour. If the condition is not satisfied, is called the fuel economy of the Internal combustion engine provided from the evaluation of the map data K. Value taken into account, eg B. as V liter per hour. In order to results as a conventional consumption equivalent V_konv the fuel consumption of a hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional vehicle. In addition to instantaneous values, z. B. every 10 ms, even averaged and / or smoothed values be used, for. Eg minute values. This calculation is for Hybrid vehicles that are not single-shaft parallel hybrid to modify. For example a corresponding weighting factor can be taken into account become.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• - JP 2007210487 [0003]

Claims (9)

A device for evaluating the driving state of a hybrid vehicle based on a reference, wherein the hybrid vehicle is drivable by an internal combustion engine and at least one electric machine, and wherein the device comprises: - a measuring device for collecting consumption-related driving data (F1, F2, F3, F4) to the driving state Characterization, - a memory for retrieving consumption-related reference data (K) for displaying a driving status reference, - a computing unit (R), for comparing the consumption-related driving data collected by the measuring device with consumption-related reference data retrieved from the memory and for generating information (V_konv) for evaluating the driving state; a display device for displaying the information generated by the arithmetic unit for evaluating the driving state for the driver of the hybrid vehicle, characterized in that as a driving state reference the driving state of a hybrid vehicle equivalent n conventional, driven only by an internal combustion engine vehicle is provided; wherein the arithmetic unit compares consumption-related driving data of an electric machine with memory map data retrieved from the memory for fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine such that the consumption-related driving data of the or each electric machine is converted to consumption-related driving data of the internal combustion engine using the fuel consumption characteristic map of the internal combustion engine, for generating the information for evaluating the consumption-related driving data of the hybrid vehicle with the consumption-related driving data of a hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional vehicle. The device of claim 1, wherein the measuring device collected consumption-related driving data as speed (D) and operating mode an electric machine and as a torque request (M) to the Hybrid vehicle are provided. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hybrid vehicle is designed as a parallel hybrid, in the internal combustion engine and / or Electric machine optionally via a common shaft moment into a transmission, to drive the hybrid vehicle. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the information shown on the display device, generated by the arithmetic unit as fuel consumption difference ( 1 ) is provided between the hybrid vehicle and the equivalent conventional vehicle. Apparatus according to claim 4, wherein an absolute Fuel consumption difference, especially in liters per 100 km, or a relative fuel economy difference, in particular a percentage, using digits and / or a column chart (A, O, E, E ', E' ') is displayed on the display device. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the display device, a representation of the computing unit generated information about past time or distance intervals (E, E ', E' ', ...) of the route of the hybrid vehicle is provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, being at standstill of the hybrid vehicle for the equivalent Conventional vehicle emulates an idle consumption of the internal combustion engine becomes. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in a push / brake phase of the hybrid vehicle for the equivalent conventional vehicle is a speed-dependent one Schubabschaltung the internal combustion engine is modeled. Method for evaluating consumption-related driving data a hybrid vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine and at least an electric machine, with consumption related driving data of the Hybrid vehicle equivalent conventional, only one Combustion engine comprehensive, vehicle as a reference, by comparing collected consumption - related driving data of an electric machine of the Hybrid vehicle with map data for fuel consumption of the internal combustion engine, so using the fuel consumption map of the internal combustion engine, the consumption-related driving data of or each electric machine on consumption-related driving data of the internal combustion engine be converted.