DE102008051270A1 - Air throughflow reservoir for air treatment for buildings with heating or cooling external air for ventilation system formed in cuboid shape, limited in its longitudinal extension by air diffuser system - Google Patents

Abstract

The air throughflow reservoir is formed in cuboid shape, and limited in its longitudinal extension by an air diffuser system (2) and filled with a storage material in the form of a stone fill. The air throughflow reservoir stores or emits the environmental energy of the external air.

Description

The The invention relates to a plant for the storage of regenerative Ambient energy of the outside air with the aim of classic Air treatment plants in central ventilation technology to support that conventionally provided Heating and cooling energy partially or completely is substituted by the ambient energy of the outside air.

From the DE 195 02 372 A1 is a decentralized air conditioning by mono- or multi-split systems with exceptional outdoor temperatures known in which the outdoor unit of these systems upstream of a near-surface, air-permeable geothermal heat exchanger for the purpose of the outside air treatment and it is traversed by a determined by temperature and amount of air volume.

The described method of decentralized air conditioning based mono or multi-split systems without conventional auxiliary heating consists in, by connecting an air-flow Erdwärmeübertragers (EWÜ) in the Außenluftansaugung the outdoor unit of a split plant the year round Operation, in particular the full heat pump heating operation to ensure and with the apparatus implementation by appropriate regulation of air intake and air flow and through specific design of assemblies such as air intake, distributor and collecting duct of the EMU and axial or radial fan, too perfect.

The US 4,323,113 describes a subterranean system which serves to heat the supply air to a building in winter and cool it in summer.

The System consists of an underground heat exchanger with a heat transfer material that serves, which flows through the heat exchanger and air supplied to a building on a given Keep temperature level. Furthermore, the system cleans the air, by removing dust and other particles from it. simultaneously the cold, dry winter air is heated and moistened or the hot, humid summer air cooled and dehumidified. To provide a sufficient volume for air supply can receive two or more heat exchangers be connected to each other. To maintain the free air flow and to eliminate fungal and bacterial growth becomes the heat transfer material by means of disinfectant and washing solutions periodically cleaned.

Of the Invention is the object of the aforementioned facilities so on to develop that at any outdoor temperatures Central ventilation systems for buildings be supported so that conventionally provided Heating and cooling energy partially or completely is substituted by the ambient energy of the outside air.

Solved The task is performed by a storage system for air treatment according to the features of the main claim. Further Embodiments are described in the subclaims.

at a built under the top edge storage facility for air conditioning for buildings with heating or cooling of the outside air, which is the environmental energy saves or releases and is operated daily cyclically, comes a rock bed is used as storage material, which flows directly through the outdoor air to be treated becomes. The storage material used is preferably a coarse gravel with a grain size of 45 to 150 mm.

Of the Storage is connected upstream of a central ventilation system and corresponds in its geometric form a cuboid. The aspect ratio the rectangular plan area is in the range 2: 1 to 3: 1, wherein the length of the storage chamber in the flow direction is defined. The height of the memory is in the range between 1 and 4 m.

The optimal memory size is dependent to the air flow and the required storage duration according to the memory design method using design diagrams determined.

The Flow direction of the air is within the memory defined in horizontal longitudinal direction. At the front ends the storage air distribution systems are each arranged by the air penetrates into the storage body or from this exit.

The maintenance of the operability is achieved by a regular regeneration of the memory with outside air. For the operation and regeneration case, a defined control algorithm is based, which includes the detection and comparison of the outside air temperature to the storage outlet temperature and to a desired supply air temperature. The air outlet temperatures or the heat flows can be precalculated with the aid of a model, numerical simulation.

The ventilation system constructed with the air-flow storage consists essentially of the ballast storage with air distribution systems, the external air intake, one bypass with another Outside air intake, a supply air fan and a regeneration fan. The air exchange during the regeneration phase of the ballast storage via the bypass and the regeneration fan.

The Advantages of the invention are in a relatively small footprint with simple installation underneath building foundations or the earth's surface.

Often can complete the heat recovery be waived there by the geothermal energy store with ballast an equivalent preheating takes place.

For the cooling case in the summer is next to a temperature drop to usual supply air temperatures when falling below the Dew point temperature also achieved dehumidification. On machine Cooling can be complete in most cases be waived.

By appropriate design of the ballast storage can be the required Heating and cooling services to virtually all requirements to adjust.

the annual heat and cold gain through the gravel storage stands as energetic expenditure only through the air-side pressure loss caused additional fan drive energy across from.

Based An embodiment of the invention is intended to be closer to be discribed.

It demonstrate

1 : Schematic representation of the airborne ballast storage

2 : technological layout scheme

The gravel storage 1 has a cuboid geometry ( 1 ).

His Size depends on the design volume flow and the required storage loading time. He will be below the ground level (GOK) expanded.

It is important to ensure that the entire storage bunker is above the highest expected groundwater level. The underground development can be done outdoors as in 1 , but also under buildings. It is limited at the two end faces by an air distribution system 2 ,

This serves as a pressure chamber and is made of commercially available, air-permeable Built construction elements.

On its upper side, the ballast reservoir is protected with a waterproof protective film against penetrating surface or leachate. The outside air needed to ventilate the building is provided by an external air intake 3 sucked, supplied to the air distribution system and sucked through the ballast cavities. At the outlet of the ballast accumulator, the treated outside air is collected in the air distribution system and fed to a ventilation duct, which is connected to the ventilation unit in the building.

The energy required to overcome the pressure loss is provided by the supply air fan 4 of the ventilation unit ensured.

For the regeneration of the ballast storage is an additional regeneration fan 5 needed. While the storage tank is being regenerated, the air exchange of the building can be bypassed 6 and a further Außenluftansaugung be ensured. The regeneration air is blown off into the open air via the external operating air intake.

Since the gravel storage is not hermetically sealed to its sides and down, can Layer water enter the storage body. The decrease in the surface tension of the incoming stratum water due to the significantly larger void fraction leads to a change in the direction of flow. The incoming strata water can accumulate at the bottom of the ballast storage and is discharged there via existing, commercially available drainage pipes.

In the 2 the technological layout is shown.

The Operation of the system depends on the considered Outside air condition. For that reason, between the requirements Cooling during the summer period, heating during the winter period and in weather-related transitional periods be differentiated.

Cool in the summer

At the Day is warm about the outside air intake AU 1 Aspirated outside air and driven through the ballast storage. The gravel takes part of the outside air heat and cools down to the temperature level of the ballast. During this process, the ballast slowly heats up to the temperature level the outside air. At the end of the design operating time is the Gravel so far with heat energy of the outside air charged that no more meaningful cooling can be achieved. The cooled storage air is without further processing by the central ventilation unit provided to the building.

In the gravel is regenerated during the night. This is about the outside air intake AU 3 sucked cool night air and driven in the opposite direction through the gravel storage. The air heats up on the gravel surface and cools it to outside air temperature level from. The thus heated regeneration air is over the outside air intake AU 1 started. The separate supply air supply the building is above the Außenluftansaugung AU 2 ensured. Should be a ventilation heat demand at night result, the gravel storage can also during the Regeneration phase as preheating plant put into operation become. The air flow is then as the day.

Heating in winter

In At night, the cold outside air gets in through the outside air intake Sucked AU 1 and driven through the ballast storage. It warms up down to the temperature level of the ballast (air temperature of the previous day). Then the preheated so Air in the ventilation unit heated to supply air temperature and fed to the building. The day is cool Outside air via the outside air intake Sucked AU 2. This is up in the ventilation unit heated to supply air and fed to the building. At the same time is about the regeneration fan and the outside air intake air over the ballast storage hazards. The gravel is regenerated and at the temperature level the outside air of the winter day brought. The gravel storage has a much colder night through the flow Temperature level. The thus cooled regeneration air from the gravel storage leaves this over the outside air grille AU 1.

Transitional period

In In the transition period it is possible all four To go through operating states. This depends on the then prevailing outside temperature and is through controlled by a special rule regime.

Abkürzungserklärung Temp. AU Außenlufttemperatur Temp. ex Austrittstemperatur aus dem Schotterspeicher Temp. zu SOLL definierte Soll Zulufttemperatur The control strategy of the described system provides the following states:

Abbreviation explanation Temp. AU outside air temperature Temp. Ex outlet temperature from the ballast storage Temp. To target defined supply air temperature

While the regeneration phase of the ballast storage becomes the air exchange rate of the building via the direct external air intake ensured.

The Switching hysteresis becomes ecologically and economically more economical View defined at a grade of 3. The grade The system is defined by the ratio of additional required electrical power to heat produced. or cooling capacity. As the electric power and the Heating or cooling capacity exergetically not comparable is, with the help of the primary energy factor for Germany (2.85) built a comparability.

If the grade of the plant exceeds three, This ensures that more heating or cooling energy is obtained from the regenerative source (gravel storage), as Primary energy for the required electrical Energy is needed.

1

ballast store

2

Lufverteilsystem

3

fresh air intake

4

supply air fan

5

regeneration fan

6

bypass

AU 1 AU 2 AU 3

fresh air intake

AU 1

External louvres

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 19502372 A1 [0002]
• US 4323113 [0004]

Claims (6)

Air-flow storage, which is arranged below the ground level and for air conditioning for buildings with heating or cooling of the outside air, which stores the environmental energy of the outside air and emits, characterized in that the memory ( 1 ) formed in a substantially cuboid, in its longitudinal extension by a respective air distribution system ( 2 ) is limited and filled with a storage material in the form of a bed of rock. Air-flow storage according to claim 1, characterized in that the formed as a rock bed Rock material is a coarse gravel with a grain size from 45 to 150 mm. Air-flow memory according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the memory ( 1 ) is formed parallelepiped whose side / length ratio of the planographic plate in the range 2: 1 to 3: 1. Air-flow memory according to claim 1, characterized in that the height of the memory ( 1 ) is between 1 m and 4 m. With the air-flow memory according to the claims 1 to 4 constructed ventilation system, characterized in that these essentially from the ballast storage ( 1 ) with the air distribution systems ( 2 ), the external air intake ( 3 ), a bypass ( 6 ) with another external air intake, a supply air fan ( 4 ) and a regeneration fan ( 5 ) consists. Ventilation system according to claim 5, characterized in that the air exchange during the regeneration phase of the ballast storage ( 1 ) over the bypass ( 6 ) and the regeneration fan ( 5 ) he follows.