DE102008054628A1 - Connection technique for a massive transparent plastic molded body using adapter elements or connecting elements, which have considerable higher elastic modulus than the plastic molded body - Google Patents

Abstract

The connection technique for a massive transparent plastic molded body using adapter elements or connecting elements, which have considerable higher elastic modulus than the plastic molded body, is claimed. The connection of adapter element-molded body is exclusively or accessorily non-positive. The adapter elements are flange elements and plug elements. The connecting elements are screwed with the plastic molded body, are fastened with the plastic molded body by shrinking, and are already embedded in the plastic molded body during the production of the plastic molded body. The connection technique for a massive transparent plastic molded body using adapter elements or connecting elements, which have considerable higher elastic modulus than the plastic molded body, is claimed. The connection of adapter element-molded body is exclusively or accessorily non-positive. The adapter elements are flange elements and plug elements. The connecting elements are screwed with the plastic molded body, are fastened with the plastic molded body by shrinking, are already embedded in the plastic molded body during the production of the plastic molded body, are connected together with the plastic molded body over a form closure and/or a material closure and are adhered over the anchoring elements with the plastic molded body and/or over the circumference of the plastic molded body by using a hot-melt adhesive and a polymerization adhesive, where the adhesion takes place in a section-wise manner. The anchoring element is melted up and/or melted down. The plastic molded body consists of thermoplastic and is a composite component and a hollow body. The adapter material is made of wood and is a metal and a fiber-reinforced material.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to non-positive connections between carrier components and the carrier elements made of plastic. In the following embodiment has been used for plastics example PLEXIGLAS ^® (generic name acrylic glass), but no resultant restriction is intended. PLEXIGLAS ^® is a trademark of Evonik Röhm GmbH.

State of the art

DE 10 2007 001 651 (Evonik Röhm GmbH) describes a support system that consists of several components of different materials. At least one load-bearing component consists of plastic. The load transfer of the various components is realized by a frictional connection.

task

It was now the task, for load applied elements with at least one plastic components, to develop fasteners that can forward or transfer occurring forces and moments in moldings permanently and safely to other elements. This is necessary because the plastic moldings can not be made in any dimensions and thus coupling mechanisms are required. For example, plastic moldings made of PLEXIGLAS ^® GS can be produced up to dimensions of approx. 8 m × 3 m × 0.2 m (length × width × height).

A purely on plastics to produce frictional Connection is generally possible, but this is usually enough due to the lower mechanical strength values other construction materials - such as wood or steel - not for larger, permanent loads. While Pressure forces of some plastics very well controlled usually show weaknesses in train and train Bending stress. Especially when these forces over Pending for a long time, show plastics because of their pronounced Tendency to creep but significant disadvantages compared to usual Construction materials.

A exclusively made of plastic connection technology for plastic moldings that are under load or carry considerable loads, is therefore hardly possible statically safe, why it was necessary, suitable adapter or connection mechanisms to develop a low-tension and homogeneous force application allow in plastic moldings.

solution

Thanks to its production and material properties, PLEXIGLAS ^® can be produced in many different forms or converted into almost any required form by further processing. For the realization of load-bearing systems made of PLEXIGLAS ^® , non-positive, releasable connections are required as a gap closure. In addition to the strength requirements, these fasteners must also take into account the installation conditions. Especially with support systems made of PLEXIGLAS ^® , the highest level of transparency is required. In the present draft, solution examples for the connection technology are presented by way of example with special consideration of the greatest possible transparency.

Thanks to the good mechanical processing, gluing and welding properties of PLEXIGLAS ^®, it is possible to generate all imaginable mechanical form-fit connections or screw connections. Practical experience alone shows that these compounds, which are made entirely of PLEXIGLAS ^®, can not sufficiently withstand repeated assembly and disassembly conditions. This is particularly critical when it comes to very heavy components that need to be moved with load lifting equipment. The solution now focuses on a functional separation of the joining technique with separate components.

• 1) Kraftschlüssige oder formschlüssige, wieder lösbare Verbindungen,
• 2) Montagegerechte Ausführung der Anschlusselemente,
• 3) Kraft und oder formschlüssige Verbindung zu den Trägerbauteilen aus Kunststoff, z. B. PLEXIGLAS^®.

The following properties are essential:

• 1) positive or positive, detachable connections,
• 2) assembly-compliant design of the connection elements,
• 3) force and or positive connection to the support components made of plastic, z. B. PLEXIGLAS ^® .

These Elements transferred to the butt joints of the support components the necessary forces. The selected exemplary Examples also show the material-appropriate connection of the separate fasteners with the ends of the support elements.

In The following summary table is possible Combinations of systematic principle solutions by way of example shown.

A Detailed description of the individual combinations is below which are not exhaustive rises.

plastics

As plastics, it is possible according to the invention to use: poly (meth) acrylate (PMMA), poly Carbonate (PC), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (SAN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or polystyrene (PS). The PMMA is marketed under the brand PLEXIGLAS ^® by Evonik Röhm GmbH. I especially PLEXIGLAS ^® GS grades, which are prepared by cast polymerization are suitable for this use. It can also be used filled PMMA types, they are put on the market for example under the name CORIAN ^® or PLEXICOR ^®.

The chamber procedure

The chamber method is one of the oldest methods for the bulk polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and is z. B. already in the patent US 2,154,639 described. Nevertheless, it is still of great technical importance and is used, among other things, for the production of PMMA sheets. In the chamber process is poured into a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers and optionally the corresponding polymers in a proportion of usually up to 25 wt .-% polymer, together with radical initiator (s) and possibly other additives, such as. As crosslinkers and comonomers, in a flat chamber, which consists of two spaced plates, for. As silicate glass panes, and a sealing cord is formed, and polymerizes the reaction mixture.

Of the Use of prepolymerized material reduces the shrinkage, reduces the heat development in the further polymerization and shortens the reaction time. The polymerization becomes frequent in a warming cabinet, first at low temperature, z. B. at 20 ° C to 60 ° C, performed and then usually at a higher temperature, eg. At 100 ° C completed up to 130 ° C. This leads to a volume shrinkage of up to 20%, which is compensated by compressing the plates so that tensions are avoided.

To For this purpose, brackets are commonly used which grasp the two plates and the sealing cord in between and squeeze. However, this can lead to deformation (Bulge) of the sealing cord with the result that the edge region of the resulting plate was cut off and discarded must become. Continue to have for different Plate thickness different brackets made and kept.

In the context of the present invention, therefore, the ethylenically unsaturated monomers, based in each case on their total weight, preferably comprise more than 50.0% by weight, preferably more than 50.0% by weight to 99.0% by weight, more preferably more as 60.0% by weight, very particularly preferably more than 70.0% by weight, in particular more than 80.0% by weight, of at least one compound of the formula (I)

Of the Radical R is hydrogen or methyl.

The radical ¹ R is a linear or branched alkyl or an optionally alkylated cycloalkyl group having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 24, suitably 1 to 12, particularly preferably 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4, carbon atoms. The radicals ² R and ³ R are each independently of one another hydrogen or a group of the formula -COOR ', in which R' is hydrogen or an alkyl group having 1 to 40, preferably 1 to 24, advantageously 1 to 12, particularly preferably 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4, carbon atoms.

To the most preferred compounds of formula (I) in particular meth) acrylates, fumarates and maleates, which differ from saturated ones Derive alcohols, such as methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, iso-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) acrylate, 2-tert-butylheptyl (meth) acrylate, Octyl (meth) acrylate, 3-iso-propylheptyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, Decyl (meth) acrylate, undecyl (meth) acrylate, 5-methylundecyl (meth) acrylate, Dodecyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methyldodecyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, 5-methyltridecyl (meth) acrylate, tetradecyl (meth) acrylate, pentadecyl (meth) acrylate, Hexadecyl (meth) acrylate, 2-methylhexadecyl (meth) acrylate, heptadecyl (meth) acrylate, 5-iso-propylheptadecyl (meth) acrylate, 4-tert-butyloctadecyl (meth) acrylate, 5-ethyloctadecyl (meth) acrylate, 3-iso-propyloctadecyl (meth) acrylate, octadecyl (meth) acrylate, nonadecyl (meth) acrylate, Eicosyl (meth) acrylate, Cetyleicosyl (meth) acrylate, Stearyleicosyl (meth) acrylate, Docosyl (meth) acrylate and / or eicosyltetratriacontyl (meth) acrylate; Cycloalkyl (meth) acrylates, such as cyclopentyl (meth) acrylate, 2,3,4,5-tetra-t-butylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, Cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, bornyl (meth) acrylate; as well as the corresponding ones Fumarates and maleates.

The ester compounds with a long-chain alcohol radical, in particular the compounds alcohol radicals with 6 or more carbon atoms, can be obtained, for example, by reacting (meth) acrylates, fumarates, maleates and / or the corresponding acids with long-chain fatty alcohols, generally a mixture of esters, such as For example, (meth) acrylates with different long-chain alcohol residues arises. These fatty alcohols include Oxo Alcohol ^® 7911, Oxo Alcohol ^® 7900, Oxo Alcohol ^® 1100 ^® Alfol 610, Alfol ^® 810, Lial ^® 125 and Nafol ^® grades (Sasol Olefins & Surfactants GmbH); Alphanol ^® 79 (ICI); Epal ^® 610 and Epal ^® 810 (Ethyl Corporation); Linevol ^® 79, Linevol ^® 911 and Neodol ^® 25E (Shell AG); Dehydad® ^® -, Hydrenol ^® - and Lorol ^® grades (Cognis); Acropol ^® 35 and Exxal ^® 10 (Exxon Chemicals GmbH); Kalcol 2465 (Kao Chemicals).

Of the compounds of the formula (I), the (meth) acrylates are particularly preferred over the maleates and fumarates, ie R ² and R ³ represent hydrogen in particularly preferred embodiments. In general, the methacrylates are preferred over the acrylates.

Of the Expression (meth) acrylate in the context of the present invention Methacrylates and acrylates and mixtures of both compounds.

in the Within a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention contain the ethylenically unsaturated Monomers one or more comonomers, which expediently with Let compounds of formula (I) copolymerize. The amount comonomers is preferably in the range from 0.01 to 25.0% by weight, preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10.0 wt .-%, more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5.0 wt .-%, in particular in the range of 0.01 to 1.0 wt .-%, based on the total weight of the monomer composition.

worin R^1* und R^2* unabhängig aus der Gruppe ausgewählt sind, bestehend aus Wasserstoff, Halogene, CN, lineare oder verzweigte Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 20, vorzugsweise 1 bis 6 und besonders bevorzugt 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, welche mit 1 bis (2n + 1) Halogenatomen substituiert sein können, wobei n die Zahl der Kohlenstoffatome der Alkylgruppe ist (beispielsweise CF₃), Cycloalkylgruppen mit 3 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen, welche mit 1 bis (2n – 1) Halogenatomen, vorzugsweise Chlor, substituiert sein können, wobei n die Zahl der Kohlenstoffatome der Cycloalkylgruppe ist; Arylgruppen mit 6 bis 24 Kohlenstoffatomen, welche mit 1 bis (2n – 1) Halogenatomen, vorzugsweise Chlor, und/oder Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen substituiert sein können, wobei n die Zahl der Kohlenstoffatome der Arylgruppe ist; C(=Y*)R^5*, C(=Y*)NR^6*R^7*, Y*C(=Y*)R^5*, SOR^{5 *}, SO₂R^5*, OSO₂R^5*, NR^8*SO₂R^5*, PR^5* ₂, P(=Y*)R^5* ₂, Y*PR^5* ₂, Y*P(=Y*)R^5* ₂, NR^{8 *} ₂ welche mit einer zusätzlichen R^{8 *}-, Aryl- oder Heterocyclyl-Gruppe quaternärisiert sein kann, wobei Y* NR^8*, S oder O, vorzugsweise O sein kann; R^{5 *} eine Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, eine Alkylthio mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, OR¹⁵ (R¹⁵ ist Wasserstoff oder ein Alkalimetall), Alkoxy von 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen, Aryloxy oder Heterocyklyloxy ist; R^6* und R^7* unabhängig Wasserstoff oder eine Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen sind, und R^{8 *} Wasserstoff, lineare oder verzweigte Alkyl- oder Arylgruppen mit 1 bis 20 Kohlenstoffatomen sind; R^3* und R^4* unabhängig ausgewählt aus der Gruppe bestehend aus Wasserstoff, Halogen (vorzugsweise Fluor oder Chlor), Alkylgruppen mit 1 bis 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und COOR^{9 *}, worin R^9* Wasserstoff, ein Alkalimetall oder eine Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 40 Kohlenstoffatomen ist, sind, oder R^3* und R^4* können zusammen eine Gruppe der Formel (CH₂)_n, bilden, welche mit 1 bis 2n' Halogenatomen oder C₁ bis C₄ Alkylgruppen substituiert sein kann, oder der Formel C(=O)-Y*-C(=O) bilden, wobei n' von 2 bis 6, vorzugsweise 3 oder 4 ist und Y* wie zuvor definiert ist; und wobei zumindest 2 der Reste R^1*, R^{2 *}, R^3* und R^4* Wasserstoff oder Halogen sind.In this case, comonomers which correspond to the formula are particularly suitable:

wherein R ^{1 *} and R ^{2 * are} independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogens, CN, linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 6, and most preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms which are substituted with 1 to (2n + 1) halogen atoms may be substituted, where n is the number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group (for example CF ₃ ), cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms which may be substituted by 1 to (2n-1) halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, where n the number of carbon atoms of the cycloalkyl group is; Aryl groups of 6 to 24 carbon atoms which may be substituted with 1 to (2n-1) halogen atoms, preferably chlorine, and / or alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, n being the number of carbon atoms of the aryl group; C (= Y *) R ^{5 *} , C (= Y *) NR ^{6 *} R ^{7 *} , Y * C (= Y *) R ^{5 *} , SOR ^{5 *} , SO ₂ R ^{5 *} , OSO ₂ R ^{5 *} , NR ^{8 *} SO ₂ R ^{5 *} , PR ^{5 *} ₂ , P (= Y *) R ^{5 *} ₂ , Y * PR ^{5 *} ₂ , Y * P (= Y *) R ^{5 *} ₂ , NR ^{8 *} ₂ which may be quaternized with an additional R ^{8 *} , aryl or heterocyclyl group, where Y * NR ^{8 *} , S or O, preferably O; R ^{5 * is} an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylthio having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, OR ¹⁵ (R ¹⁵ is hydrogen or an alkali metal), alkoxy of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, aryloxy or heterocyclyloxy; R ^{6 *} and R ^{7 * are} independently hydrogen or an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and R ^{8 * are} hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl or aryl groups of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R ^{3 *} and R ^{4 * are} independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen (preferably fluoro or chloro), alkyl groups of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and COOR ^{9 *} , where R ^{9 * is} hydrogen, an alkali metal or an alkyl group of 1 to 40 Or R ^{3 *} and R ^{4 *} may together form a group of the formula (CH ₂ ) _n , which may be substituted by 1 to 2n 'halogen atoms or C ₁ to C ₄ alkyl groups, or of the formula C ( = O) -Y * -C (= O) where n 'is from 2 to 6, preferably 3 or 4, and Y * is as previously defined; and wherein at least 2 of the radicals R ^{1 *} , R ^{2 *} , R ^{3 *} and R ^{4 * are} hydrogen or halogen.

Among the preferred comonomers include styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as. Α-methylstyrene and α-ethylstyrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent on the ring such as vinyltoluene and p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes such as monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes and tetrabromostyrenes; Vinyl halides such as vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinylidene chloride and vinylidene fluoride; Vinyl esters, such as vinyl acetate; Heterocyclic vinyl compounds, such as 2-vinylpyridine, 3-vinylpyridine, 2-methyl-5-vinylpyridine, 3-ethyl-4-vinylpyridine, 2,3-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridine, vinylpyrimidine, vinylpiperidine, 9-vinylcarbazole, 3-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylcarbazole, 1-vinylimidazole, 2-methyl-1-vinylimidazole, N-vinylpyrrolidone, 2-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylpyrrolidine, 3-vinylpyrrolidine, N-vinylcaprolactam, N-vinylbutyrolactam, vinyloxolane, vinylfuran, vinyloxazoles and hydrogenated vinyloxazoles; Vinyl and isoprenyl ethers; Maleic acid and maleic acid derivatives such as maleic anhydride, methylmaleic anhydride, maleimide, methylmaleimide; Fumaric acid and fumaric acid derivatives; Acrylic acid and methacrylic acid; Aryl (meth) acrylates, such as benzyl methacrylate or phenyl methacrylate, wherein the aryl radicals may each be unsubstituted or substituted up to four times; Methacrylates of halogenated alcohols such as 2,3-dibromopropyl methacrylate, 4-bromophenyl methacrylate, 1,3-dichloro-2-propyl methacrylate, 2-bromoethyl methacrylate, 2-iodoethyl methacrylate, hloromethyl methacrylate; Hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates, such as 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 2,5-dimethyl-1,6-hexanediol (meth) acrylate, 1,10-decanediol (meth) acrylate; carbonyl-containing methacrylates, such as 2-carboxyethylmethacrylate, carboxymethylmethacrylate, oxazolidinylethylmethacrylate, N- (methacryloyloxy) formamide, acetonylmethacrylate, N-methacryloylmorpholine, N-methacryloyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) -2-pyrrolidinone, N- (3 Methacryloyloxypropyl) -2-pyrrolidinone, N- (2-methacryloyloxypentadecyl) -2-pyrrolidinone, N- (3-methacryloyloxyheptadecyl) -2-pyrrolidinone; Glycol methacrylates such as 1,2-butanediol methacrylate, 2-butoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethoxymethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate; Methacrylates of ether alcohols such as tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate, methoxyethoxyethyl methacrylate, 1-butoxypropyl methacrylate, cyclohexyloxymethyl methacrylate, methoxymethoxyethyl methacrylate, benzyloxymethyl methacrylate, furfuryl methacrylate, 2-butoxyethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethoxymethyl methacrylate, 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, 1-ethoxybutyl methacrylate, methoxymethyl methacrylate, 1-ethoxyethyl methacrylate, ethoxymethyl methacrylate and ethoxylated (meth) acrylates which preferably have 1 to 20, in particular 2 to 8, ethoxy groups; Aminoalkyl (meth) acrylates and aminoalkyl (meth) acrylatamides, such as N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylate, 3-diethylaminopentyl methacrylate, 3-dibutylaminohexadecyl (meth) acrylate; Nitriles of (meth) acrylic acid and other nitrogen-containing methacrylates such as N- (methacryloyloxyethyl) diisobutylketimine, N- (methacryloyloxyethyl) dihexadecylketimine, methacryloylamidoacetonitrile, 2-methacryloyloxyethylmethylcyanamide, cyanomethylmethacrylate; heterocyclic (meth) acrylates such as 2- (1-imidazolyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate, 2- (4-morpholinyl) ethyl (meth) acrylate and 1- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) -2-pyrrolidone; Oxiranyl methacrylates such as 2,3-epoxybutyl methacrylate, 3,4-epoxybutyl methacrylate, 10,11-epoxyundecyl methacrylate, 2,3-epoxycyclohexyl methacrylate, 10,11-epoxyhexadecyl methacrylate; Glycidyl.

in the Within a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention contain the ethylenically unsaturated Compounds one or more crosslinkers, which are conveniently to copolymerize with the compounds of formula (I). there are compounds having at least two, preferably 2 to 5, in particular 2, ethylenically unsaturated groups per molecule particularly preferred.

For the purposes of the present invention, in particular the following compounds have proven particularly useful:
(Meth) acrylates derived from unsaturated alcohols, such as. Oleyl (meth) acrylate, allyl (meth) acrylate, vinyl (meth) acrylate, 2,4,5-tri-t-butyl-3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, 3-vinylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate; Methacrylates of unsaturated ether alcohols, such as vinyloxyethoxyethyl methacrylate, 1-methyl- (2-vinyloxy) ethyl methacrylate, allyloxymethyl methacrylate; polyvalent (meth) acrylates such as trimethyloylpropane tri (meth) acrylate, glycol di (meth) acrylate, bis ((meth) acryloyloxyethyl) sulfide; and dienes, such as divinylbenzene.

These Monomers can be used individually or as a mixture.

to Polymerization becomes the ethylenically unsaturated monomer suitably at least one known per se Radical initiator added. Among the preferred initiators include including azo initiators well known in the art, such as AIBN and 1,1-azobiscyclohexanecarbonitrile, as well as peroxy compounds, such as methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, acetylacetone peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, tert-butyl per-2-ethylhexanoate, Ketone peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone peroxide, cyclohexanone peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, tert-butyl peroxybenzoate, tert-butyl peroxyisopropyl carbonate, 2,5-bis (2-ethylhexanoylperoxy) -2,5-dimethylhexane, tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, dicumyl peroxide, 1,1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) cyclohexane, 1,1-bis (tert-butylperoxy) 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, Cumyl hydroperoxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide, bis (4-tert-butylcyclohexyl) peroxydicarbonate, Mixtures of two or more of the aforementioned compounds with each other and mixtures of the aforementioned compounds with those not mentioned Compounds that can also form radicals.

These Compounds are often in an amount of 0.1 to 10.0 Wt .-%, preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 wt .-%, based on the total weight of Monomers used.

Farther it is preferable to the ethylenically unsaturated monomer at least one prepolymer of at least one ethylenically unsaturated Monomers, favorably at least one (meth) acrylate, Fumarats and / or maleats, too. The proportion of the prepolymer is expediently 0.1 to 50.0 wt .-%, especially preferably 10.0 to 30.0 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the ethylenically unsaturated compounds.

In the process according to the invention, the composition comprising the ethylenically unsaturated monomer is introduced in a first process step into a mold, the so-called "chamber", which comprises at least two plates which are arranged at a distance from one another by at least one sealing element according to the invention. The plates are not particularly limited, but the conventional plates known for the chamber method can be used. The plates should be purposeful may suitably seal the reaction chamber sealing and thereby be as inert as possible to the reaction mixture used under the reaction conditions used. For the purposes of the present invention particularly suitable plates are made of glass and / or stainless steel, in particular made of glass.

The Shape of the plates is primarily determined by the desired polymer form certainly. Therefore, both flat and curved plates although flat plates are particularly preferred herein become.

According to the invention the plates expediently sealingly to the inventive sealing element applied and favorably with this, preferably non-positively, connected.

there It is particularly advantageous, a sealing element with at least one, preferably two, projecting leg to use and to arrange the sealing element between the plates such that the leg (s) sealingly abuts against a plate (s). The sealing element is then conveniently over the leg / s with the plate / plates frictionally connected. In this way, a deformation of the sealing element best avoided by the applied pressure.

One Another advantage of this variant is that in contrast to the conventional method regardless of the desired plate thickness and geometry uses a universal stapling system because of the required bracket size the thickness of the protruding legs and not by the thickness of the Sealing element and the plates is specified.

The Polymerization temperature is not critical. Depending on the used However, initiator system is generally in the range of 0 ° C-200 ° C, preferably in the range of 20 ° C-190 ° C and in particular in the range of 60 ° C-120 ° C, without this being a limitation. According to one very particularly preferred variant, the polymerization is carried out first at 20 ° C-60 ° C and then at 100 ° C-130 ° C continued.

Also the polymerization time is not critical per se and can in the usual Range can be selected. It is preferably 2 hours to 2,000 hours, preferably 24 hours to 1,200 hours, in particular 48 hours to 1,000 hours, taking advantage of the in particular sealing element according to the invention at longer polymerization times, preferably larger 72 hours, come to fruition.

Example: positive connection with glued flange leaves

The mounting flange has corresponding anchor anchors made of metal firmly connected to it. The number and length of these anchors are adapted to the dimensions of the carrier and the forces to be transmitted. The bolts are glued into the holes in the PLEXIGLAS ^® carrier using a special adhesive. Here are the selection of the adhesive and the curing process (start of the polymerization of the adhesive by thermal decomposition of the radical generator or by light-induced decomposition of the radical generator) on the product properties of the molding, eg. For example, PLEXIGLAS ^® . By shaping the shape and the wing portion, the stresses in general and voltage spikes in particular are kept within the permissible limits for long term behavior.

The different types of ACRIFIX ^® can be used as adhesives.

Further Joining techniques are taking into account the Approval and load limits of the participating materials of adapter and molded body possible.

PLEXIGLAS ^® has an elastic modulus E of 3,000 MPa, measured according to ISO 527-2 / 1B / 1 , on.

The adapter or composite elements ( 3 ) are not made of thermoplastic material and have a significantly higher modulus of elasticity than the plastic molding itself.

The adapter or composite elements ( 3 ) are made of metal, for example, and are selected according to the static requirements.

It is also pipes and rods by means of the inventive technique miteinender be connected. Round rods made of PLEXIGLAS ^® are offered, for example, in diameters of 15 to 100 mm, square rods in dimensions of 10 × 10 mm to 50 × 50 mm.

figure description

1 shows a glued adapter element.

2 shows an adapter element with screw.

3 shows an adapter element with screw connection (screw inserted)

4 shows an adapter element with screw (screwed through). The adapter element can also be shrunk.

5 shows the securing elements of the screw.

6 and 7 show an adapter element with external screw.

8th shows an shrunk onto the plastic molding adapter element.

• a: Adapterelement
• b: Schraube mit Mutter
• c: Schraube oder Bolzen
• d: Schraube oder Bolzen
• e: Sackloch, gefüllt mit Kleber
• f: Kunststoffformkörper

9 shows a shrunk onto the adapter element plastic molding.

• a: adapter element
• b: screw with nut
• c: screw or bolt
• d: screw or bolt
• e: blind hole, filled with glue
• f: plastic moldings

11

metal plate

21

Plexiglas ^®

31

threaded rod

41

Blind hole filled with glue

51

disc

61

screw

71

mother

81

bolt short

91

cotter

101

screw

111

bolt long

121

Metal molding

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102007001651 [0002]
• US 2154639 [0013]

Cited non-patent literature

• - ISO 527-2 / 1B / 1 [0042]

Claims (25)

Connection technology of plastic moldings by means of adapter elements or composite elements, characterized in that the adapter or composite elements ( 3 ) do not consist of thermoplastic material and have a significantly higher modulus of elasticity than the plastic molding itself. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the Connection adapter element-shaped body frictionally is. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the Connection adapter elements-shaped body form-fitting is. Connection technology according to claims 1-3, characterized that the connection adapter elements-shaped body is solely or additionally cohesive. Adapter or connecting elements according to claims 1-4 characterized in that the adapter elements flange elements are Adapter or connecting elements according to claims 1-4 characterized in that the adapter elements plug-in elements are. Connection technology according to claims 1-6, characterized that the connecting elements with the plastic molding be screwed. Connection technology according to claims 1-6, characterized that the connecting elements with the plastic molding be attached by shrinking. Connection technology according to claims 1-6, characterized that the connecting elements with the plastic molding over Form-fitting are connected to each other. Connection technology according to claim 9, characterized in that the Connecting element in the manufacture of the plastic molding already embedded in this. Connection technology according to claims 1-6, characterized that the connecting elements with the plastic molding over Material connection are interconnected. Connection technology according to claim 11, characterized in that that the connecting elements via anchor elements are glued to the plastic molding. Connection technology according to claim 11, characterized in that that the connecting elements over the circumference of Glued on plastic moldings. Connection technology according to claim 13, characterized in that that the bonding can also be done in sections. A compound according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that a polymerization adhesive is used becomes. Connection technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hot melt adhesive is used becomes. Connection technology according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anchor elements on or can be melted. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that that the plastic moldings of thermoplastic Plastic materials exist. Connection technology according to claim 1 and claim 18, characterized characterized in that the plastic moldings transparent is. Connection technology according to claim 1 and claim 18 characterized characterized in that the plastic moldings solid is. Connection technology according to claim 1 and claim 18, characterized characterized in that the plastic molding a Hollow body is. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that that the plastic moldings a composite component is. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that that the adapter material is a metal. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that that the adapter material is made of wood. Connection technology according to claim 1, characterized in that that the adapter material is a fiber-reinforced Material is.