DE102008032533A1 - fastener - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening element (1), in particular for anchoring a facade element (2), with an anchoring section (6) for anchoring in a substrate (3) and a supporting section (7), wherein the anchoring section (6) of the supporting section (6). 7) is separated by an intermediate layer (14). In order to ensure a permanent transmission of force, the invention proposes that the anchoring portion (6, 6 ', 6' ') and the support portion (7, 7', 7 '') are positively connected with each other.

Description

The The invention relates to a fastener with the features of Preamble of claim 1.

For anchoring components in a ground a variety of fasteners are known. For example, the documents show DE 10 2004 053 255 A1 . DE 10 2006 053 226 A1 . DE 10 2005 058 391 A1 . DE 101 29 733 A1 and EP 1397601 A1 Bolt anchors, sleeve anchors, concrete screws, frame anchors and anchors, which are anchored in boreholes by means of an adhesive mass. The fastening elements are designed such that they can transmit relatively large forces from an attachment in the ground. For this reason, the said fasteners are made for the most part of metal materials such as steel or stainless steel.

Such fasteners are used, for example, for fastening facade elements to buildings, wherein the fasteners are mounted in a supporting ground and thereby penetrate the insulation of the building, resulting in undesirable heat losses. From the publication DE 10 2006 052 648 A1 a fastener for fastening facade elements is known, with an elongated anchoring portion which is fastened in a borehole by means of an adhesive mass, and a support portion for fixing a component. The configured as a sleeve supporting portion is pressed with the anchoring portion. To reduce the heat losses of the anchoring portion is partially covered with a layer of plastic. In the contact surface between support section and anchoring section, this enclosure forms an intermediate layer which impedes the heat flow through the armature and thereby reduces the heat losses. Forces acting on the fastening element are transmitted non-positively from the support section to the intermediate layer, from the intermediate layer to the anchoring section and from there via the adhesive mass into the substrate. A direct attachment of the support section with the anchoring section does not take place. A contact between the support section and anchoring section should just be avoided. A disadvantage of this fastener is that forces can only be safely introduced from the support section into the ground when the intermediate layer transmits the forces from the support section to the anchoring section. If, for example, a fire causes loss of the intermediate layer, the support section is no longer connected to the anchoring section. The support section can be detached from the anchoring section, a failure of the facade construction is the result.

task The invention is a fastener with reduced heat losses to transfer forces permanently and safely underground can.

These The object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The invention Fastening element, in particular for anchoring facade elements is used, has an anchoring portion for anchoring in a ground and a support section with a load application on. The anchoring section comprises a connection area, with the anchoring portion is connected to the support portion. The anchoring portion is separated from the support portion by an intermediate layer separated, wherein the intermediate layer, the anchoring portion in the connection area and completely enveloped at its rear end. With "rear end" that is in the insertion direction in the underground rear, so the end remote from the ground of the fastener meant. The liner met here an insulating and separating function. Alternatively or In addition, the intermediate layer, the support section in the connection area completely envelop. This is especially true useful if the anchoring section is relatively short, ie only slightly protrudes beyond the ground and the support section projects relatively far into the insulation. Characteristic of the invention Fastener is that the anchoring portion and the Supporting section are positively connected with each other. The positive connection is designed in such a way that they still have forces between support section and Can transfer anchoring portion, if the liner is not is more present, as for example in a fire event the case may be. The support section can not even then from the anchoring section.

to positive connection of support section and anchoring portion has the anchoring portion in a preferred embodiment of the fastening element according to the invention in Connecting area to a first cross-sectional change, that of a corresponding second cross-sectional change of the support section is engaged behind. The shape of the cross-section changes is freely selectable, as long as they are together Correspond that the support portion and the anchoring portion are positively connected. The cross-sectional changes are designed such that in the absence of intermediate layer of Carrying section over a limited area relative to Anchoring section can be moved. A release of the Carrying section of the anchoring section is excluded.

In a preferred embodiment of the Fastening element according to the invention, at least one cross-sectional change is designed as a groove-like depression. The groove-like depression can be arranged on the support section or on the anchoring section. Of course, several groove-like recesses may be present on the support section or on the anchoring section or on both sections. In the groove-like depressions corresponding surfaces of the other portion can intervene for positive force transmission between support and anchoring portion.

The groove-like depression points in a preferred embodiment of the fastener according to the invention a Depth on, greater than the thickness of the liner is. This ensures that the groove-like depression corresponding surface so far in the groove-like depression can intervene that even in the absence of interim, the support section and the anchoring portion form-fitting and insoluble connected to each other.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention Fastener is a cross-sectional change as feathery increase designed and the first cross-sectional change and the second cross-sectional change are designed such that they mesh in the manner of a tongue and groove connection. Preferably, the height of the spring substantially corresponds the depth of the corresponding groove. Thus it comes also with missing ones Interlayer to a toothing between the groove and the spring.

Preferably is the intermediate layer between anchoring section and support section formed substantially over the entire surface. This prevents that it is in the connection area, so over the contact surface between support section and anchoring section, to a heat flow comes. If the liner were not full-surface formed, so could the support and anchoring section touch, causing a heat flow over the contact surface of the two metal components possible would be, resulting in increased heat loss would lead.

As well would be a local reduction in the thickness of the liner in the connection area to an increased heat flow to lead. A local reduction of the thickness of the intermediate layer, So a cross-sectional weakening, for example, unintentionally when pressing the support section with the anchoring section caused by the pressing the insulating layer locally can be compressed. Therefore, an inventive Fastening element is preferred in which the intermediate layer in the connecting region, especially in the area of cross - sectional changes, in Essentially formed with a constant thickness. By the form-fitting Connection of support and anchoring section can ensure this because the corresponding cross-sectional changes are so can be matched to each other, that the support section in the assembled state substantially accurately connected to the anchoring portion is without upsetting or damaging the liner becomes.

Around a possible large reduction of heat loss Achieving is in a preferred embodiment the fastening element according to the invention the insulating liner heat-insulating. For example it is made of plastic. Ideally, the liner points a heat transfer coefficient, the smaller or equal to the heat transfer coefficient of a cladding made of plastic. The heat transfer coefficient for Plastic is in the range of 0.20-0.40 W / (mK). To reduce Heat loss is as great as possible Thickness of the intermediate layer as well as a large area Enclosing the anchoring section through the intermediate layer advantageous. A complete enclosure of the anchoring section is possible.

The inventive fastener is not can only be used if heat losses reduced from a building due to fasteners or to be prevented. Also for the reverse Case, a penetration of heat into a cooled To prevent building or a refrigerator is the fastening element according to the invention can be used.

to Improvement of insulation envelops the liner a preferred embodiment of the invention Fastener not only the connection area and the rear end the anchoring section, but also at least a part the anchoring portion between the front end in the insertion direction the fastener and the connection area. Preferably the anchoring portion of the liner is complete envelops. Thus, the anchoring area is through the intermediate layer completely surrounded by the fastener Media and substances separated. Regarding the heat-insulating Effect this has the advantage that not only a direct heat transfer from the support portion on the anchoring portion, but for example also from the surrounding outside air on the existing metal anchoring section of the fastener is prevented. Complementary or Alternatively, the support portion completely from the intermediate layer be enveloped.

Without Leaving the idea of the invention, the liner can also take over other insulating functions. For example it can be soundproofing. This is supplementary or instead of its heat insulating function possible.

The Invention will be described below with reference to three embodiments explained in more detail.

It demonstrate:

1 a first inventive fastener in a substrate with a component in a sectional view;

2 the connection region between the support section and anchoring section of a second fastening element according to the invention in a sectional view; and

3 the connection region between the support section and anchoring section of a third fastening element according to the invention in a sectional view.

In 1 is a first inventive fastener 1 represented, with which a facade element 2 as a component in a subsoil 3 is anchored. The fastener 1 penetrates an insulation 4 for the thermal insulation of a building, not shown, between an air gap 5 and the underground 3 is arranged. The fastener 1 with an anchoring section elongated along its longitudinal axis 6 for anchoring in the ground 3 and a support section 7 with a load application 8th has a connection area 9 on, with the anchoring section 6 with the support section 7 connected is. The load application 8th in the form of a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the fastener 1 extending bore 21 , takes a thorn 22 on top of that with the facade element 2 is connected and forces from the facade element 2 in the fastener 1 transfers.

The fastener 1 has an intermediate layer 14 on top of the anchoring section 6 completely wrapped. The liner 14 is thermally insulating designed as a thermal barrier layer and consists for example of a plastic, preferably with low thermal conductivity. The liner 14 can also take over other insulating functions, such as those of a sound insulation. The fastener 1 is in a borehole 10 in the underground 3 with a glue mass 11 attached. To put in the glue mass 11 To transfer the largest possible forces, has the fastener 1 at its front end in the insertion direction 12 a cylindrical area 15 with a conical region adjoining the insertion direction 13 whose cross-section tapers counter to the insertion direction. The anchoring section 6 of the fastener 1 is through the glue mass 11 form-fitting with the ground 3 connected. The cylindrical area 15 is designed such that its diameter D ₁ without intermediate layer is greater than the smallest diameter D _{2 of} the conical region 13 , wherein in diameter D _2, the thickness d of the intermediate layer 14 is included. This is the fastener 1 even then safely in the borehole 10 anchored when the interlayer 14 is no longer available, which would be possible, for example, by the action of fire and heat in the event of a building fire.

The anchoring section 6 is also at its rear end in the insertion direction 16 and in the connection area 9 through the liner 14 completely wrapped. In the connection area 9 are the anchoring section 6 and the support section 7 positively connected with each other. For this purpose, the anchoring area 6 of the fastener 1 a first change in cross section 17 in the form of a covenant 18 on. The connection area 9 is also from the liner 14 enveloped, as well as that to the connection area 9 subsequent rear end 16 of the anchoring section 6 , The supporting section 7 has a second corresponding cross-sectional change 19 in the form of angled webs 20 on that the covenant 18 engage behind. The diameter D _{3 of} the collar 18 is greater than the clear distance D ₄ between the webs 20 , This prevents, if there is no intermediate layer 14 the support section 7 in the connection area 9 from the anchoring section 6 can solve. The supporting section 7 can be in case of a loss of the liner 14 relative to the anchoring section 6 but is still inextricably linked to it. This prevents, for example, in the event of a fire, that the facade element 2 from the anchoring section 6 dissolves and falls off the building, which would endanger people. Through the fastener 1 Thus forces can be permanently and safely underground 3 be transmitted.

2 shows a second inventive fastener 1' with a connection area 9 ' which is at a rear end 16 ' an anchoring section 6 ' is arranged. The anchoring section 6 ' has a circular cross-section, with a groove-like depression 23 designed first cross-sectional change 17 ' in the connection area 9 ' whose depth t _{1 is} greater than a thickness d of an insulating intermediate layer 14 ' is. The groove 23 is designed as a circumferential groove, with a rounded groove bottom 24 , The back end 16 ' of the anchoring section 6 ' as well as the connection area 9 ' are completely through the intermediate location 14 ' wrapped in plastic. In the connection area 9 ' is the liner 14 ' formed substantially over the entire surface, without its thickness d ₁ compared to the thickness d ₂ in the remaining anchoring portion 6 ' would be reduced. In the connection area 9 ' is a support section 7 ' with load attacks 8th' arranged. The supporting section 7 ' surrounds the anchoring section 6 ' and has a feathery elevation 25 as the second cross section change 19 ' whose height t ₂ is substantially the depth t _{1 of} the corresponding groove 23 equivalent. The first cross-section change 17 ' and the second cross-sectional change 19 ' correspond to each other and engage in the manner of a tongue and groove connection. This ensures that even if there is no intermediate layer 14 ' the support section 7 ' positive fit with the anchoring portion 6 ' connected is. Through the fastener 1' Thus, forces can be transmitted permanently and safely into the background, not shown. The supporting section 7 ' is as a sleeve 26 with an external thread 27 as load application 8th' educated. The sleeve 26 For example, a stamped part made of sheet steel, the form-fitting by bending and pressing the support section 7 ' is attached.

3 shows a connection area 9 '' another fastener according to the invention 1'' , The main difference to that in 2 illustrated connection area 9 ' is that the anchoring section 6 '' two groove-like depressions 23 '' has, in the spring-like elevations 25 '' of the support section 7 '' engage and the support section 7 '' and the anchoring section 6 '' positively connect with each other. Also in this case, the depth t ₁ '' of the groove 23 '' greater than the thickness d ₁ '' of the intermediate layer 14 '' , where the liner 14 '' in the connection area 9 '' and at the back end 16 '' of the anchoring section 6 '' is formed substantially full surface. Optionally, the intermediate layer, the anchoring portion 6 '' also in an area between the back end 16 '' and connection area 9 '' envelop. The thickness d ₁ "essentially corresponds to the thickness d ₂ " of the intermediate layer 14 '' outside the connection area 9 '' of the anchoring section 6 '' , The depth t ₁ '' of the groove 23 '' corresponds substantially to the height t ₂ '' of the spring-like increase 25 '' , So that a kind of tongue and groove connection is formed, whereby the support section 7 '' and the anchoring section 6 '' through these first and second cross-sectional changes 17 '' and 19 '' are positively connected with each other. Also in this case is as Lastangriffsmittel 8th'' an external thread 27 '' intended.

Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the positive connection between support section 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' and anchoring section 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' take over other elements, for example via a pin in a hole on the support section 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' and at the anchoring section 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' used and with an insulating sheath, similar to the liner 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' , is provided.

1, 1 ', 1' '

fastener

2

facade element

3

underground

4

insulation

5

air gap

6 6 ', 6' '

anchoring section

7, 7 ', 7' '

supporting section

8th, 8 ', 8' '

Load application means

9 9 ', 9' '

connecting area

10

well

11

adhesive mass

12

front end of the fastener 1

13

conical Area

14 14 ', 14' '

liner

15

cylindrical Area

16 16 ', 16' '

rear end of the anchoring portion of 6 . 6 ' . 6 ''

17 17 ', 17' '

first Cross-sectional change

18

Federation

19 19 ', 19' '

second Cross-sectional change

20

web

21

drilling

22

mandrel

23 23 ''

groove-like deepening

24

groove base

25 25 ''

feathery increase

26

shell

27 27 ''

external thread

D ₁

Diameter in the cylindrical area 15

D ₂

Diameter of the conical area 13

D ₃

Diameter of the covenant 18

D ₄

clear distance between the bars 20

d

Thickness of the liner 14 . 14 ' . 14 ''

d ₁

Thickness of the liner 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' in the connection area 9 . 9 ' . 9 ''

d ₂

Thickness of the liner 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' outside the connection area 9 . 9 ' . 9 ''

t ₁

Depth of the groove-like depression 23 . 23 ''

t ₂

Height of the feathery increase 25 . 25 ''

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004053255 A1 [0002]
• - DE 102006053226 A1 [0002]
• - DE 102005058391 A1 [0002]
• DE 10129733 A1 [0002]
• - EP 1397601 A1 [0002]
• - DE 102006052648 A1 [0003]

Claims (13)

Fastening element ( 1 . 1' . 1'' ), in particular for anchoring a façade element ( 2 ), with an anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) for anchoring in a subsoil ( 3 ) and a support section ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ) with a load application means ( 8th . 8th' . 8th'' ), wherein the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) a connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ), with which the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) with the support section ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ), wherein the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) of the support section ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ) by an intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ), the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) in the connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ) and at its rear end ( 16 . 16 ' . 16 '' ) completely enveloped, - and / or where the intermediate layer ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ) the support section in the connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ) completely enveloped, characterized in that the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) and the support section ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ) are positively connected with each other. Fastening element according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchoring portion ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' ) in the connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ) a first cross-sectional change ( 17 . 17 ' . 17 '' ) of a corresponding second cross-sectional change ( 19 . 19 ' . 19 '' ) of the support section ( 7 . 7 ' . 7 '' ). Fastening element according to claim 2, characterized in that at least one cross-sectional change ( 17 ' . 17 '' ) as a groove-like depression ( 23 . 23 '' ) is configured. Fastening element according to claim 3, characterized in that the groove-like depression ( 23 . 23 '' ) has a depth (t ₁ , t ₁ '') which is greater than the thickness (d ₁ , d ₁ '') of the intermediate layer ( 14 ' . 14 '' ). Fastening element according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that a cross-sectional change a spring-like increase ( 25 . 25 '' ) and that the first cross-sectional change ( 17 ' . 17 '' ) and the second cross-sectional change ( 19 ' . 19 '' ) engage in the manner of a tongue and groove connection. Fastening element according to claim 5, characterized in that the height (t ₂ , t ₂ '') of the spring-like increase ( 25 . 25 '' ) substantially the depth (t ₁ , t ₁ '') of the corresponding groove-like depression ( 23 . 23 '' ) corresponds. Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) in the connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ) is formed substantially over the entire surface. Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) in the connection area ( 9 . 9 ' . 9 '' ) has a substantially constant thickness (d, d ₁ , d ₁ ''). Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) is heat-insulating. Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 ) the anchoring section ( 6 ) between its front end ( 12 ) and the connection area ( 9 ) wrapped. Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) the anchoring section ( 6 . 6 ' . 6 '' completely enveloped. Fastening element according to one of the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the intermediate layer, the support portion completely wrapped. Fastening element according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the intermediate layer ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 '' ) is sound-absorbing.