DE102008030496A1 - Wheel bearing assembly, has spur toothing systems gripped into one another such that rotating partners are coupled with each other in torque proof manner with respect to common rotating axis during normal mode - Google Patents

Abstract

The assembly has a pair of rotating partners (1) e.g. joint cap, including respective spur toothing systems (2). The spur toothing systems are gripped into one another such that the rotating partners are coupled with each other in a torque proof manner with respect to a common rotating axis (Z) during normal mode. The spur toothing systems have a radially running tooth (3) with respect to the rotating axis. The tooth has tooth flanks in a longitudinal section along a circular direction of the rotating axis. The tooth flanks of the tooth are aligned together in an asymmetrical manner.

Description

Field of the invention

The The invention relates to an assembly, in particular a wheel bearing assembly, with a first partner and a second partner, wherein the first rotation partner a first spur toothing and the second Turning partner has a second spur toothing, and wherein the first and second spur gearing meshed in such a way that the two rotary partners in relation to a common axis of rotation in normal operation are rotatably coupled to each other.

spur gear teeth are used in components, eg. B. in relation to a common Rotary axis to form a rotationally fixed connection. This usually attacks a first face gear of a first spin partner in a second Spur toothing of a second spin partner, wherein the teeth of the Spur gears complementary are formed to each other and interlock with each other such that the partners are rotatably connected with each other.

One A field of application known from the patent literature relates to a Spur toothing for one drivable wheel hub. The teeth the spur toothing of the hub are for a play-free engagement formed in a wedge-shaped facing the spur toothing such wedge-shaped, that the geometric lines of the spur gear central in one common point on the axis of rotation and meet the teeth thus extend in the radial direction on the axis of rotation. A Such shaping of the spur toothing is also known as Hirth toothing known from the technical literature.

Of the Invention is based on the object, an assembly, in particular to propose a wheel bearing arrangement with a spur toothing, which opposite known assemblies manufacturing technology related and / or functional Has advantages.

These Task is solved by numerous variants of an assembly according to the claims. preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention are supplementary to the claims shown in the following description and in the figures.

in the Within the scope of the invention, an assembly is presented, which has a first rotary partner and a second rotary partner, wherein first turning partner and second turning partner over a spur toothing a common axis of rotation are rotatably interlocked with each other. The Serrations are facing each other and preferably extend in a radial plane perpendicular to the common axis of rotation. at alternative embodiments can the spur gears also complementary to each other Be aligned with cone sections.

The Assembly is preferably designed as a wheel bearing assembly, being a carrier a rolling body raceway, a ring or a disc for Rolling elements as first turning partner with a torque transmitting element as the second Drehpartner is connected. In this preferred embodiment the spur toothing of the carrier is preferably on a Wälznietbund and / or a straight expiring flange of the carrier preferably one piece and / or einmaterialig arranged and / or molded.

In the most general embodiment of the invention the teeth the spur gear be aligned arbitrarily.

at a particularly preferred embodiment has the spur toothing, so the first or and / or the second Spur toothing, radially extending or oriented teeth on. The course of the teeth Although made by a larger radius the common axis of rotation to a smaller radius of the common Rotary axis, but does not necessarily have to be exactly radial, but can also absorb modified forms.

at a further development of the invention show in a longitudinal section along the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation - also called processing - the teeth respectively an up and a descending tooth flank, wherein the tooth flanks a tooth are aligned asymmetrically to each other. This preferred embodiment considered, that such assemblies usually have a preferred direction of rotation, the more stressed under torque Edge is made steeper than the relieved edge. At a continuation or modification of the invention may be by asymmetric edge slopes also be achieved that at a previously defined torque a skip the teeth the first and the second spur toothing to each other, so that a selective torque restriction is enabled.

at a concrete realization are thus the inclination angle of the tooth flanks across from a line or lines which are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation and passes through the intersection of the imaginary extensions of the tooth flanks, different educated.

In particular, to avoid snagging of the serrations it is in some Ausfüh Forms preferred when both inclination angles are not equal to 0 °, ie at least 2 °, preferably at least 10 °.

at In another embodiment of the invention, it is preferred that the tooth flanks in their radial and / or axial course crowned are formed. At usual Spur teeth are the tooth flanks approximated to a plane, wherein in the contacting of the first spur toothing and the second Spur toothing a radial line contact arises. With the goal to optimize the load introduction and potential for To provide compensation for form errors and manufacturing tolerances The geometry of the tooth flanks is chosen so that initially a Set point or axial line contact that is under load, for example, under preload or torque transmission, in a surface contact transforms.

Although it possible is that in this development over the entire tooth flank length in radial Direction or tooth flank height in the axial direction, a single crown is formed is It is also within the scope of the invention that the tooth flanks in radial and / or axial direction alternately have tapers and thickenings. Also is a combination of crowned tooth flanks of the first spur toothing with a concave shape of the opposite tooth flank of the second Spur toothing conceivable, where - if the crown on the concave shape is tuned - again a surface contact forms. Are shape and crown formed differently, can targeted point or line contacts are generated.

in principle is not the radial course of the teeth limited to a straight line, the radial course of the teeth can in the context of the invention also at least one curvature or even several bends have, so that the radial course of the teeth is formed wave-shaped. such Designs can be used sensibly to the contact between the first spur toothing and the second spur gearing targeted control or load interpreted.

at further variants the invention, the radial shape of the teeth is like a model by several Guides z. B. representable in the sense of a grid model, where the guides are along the same or similar areas or points of the teeth extend and wherein the auxiliary lines to the axis of rotation towards each other converge, run parallel to each other and / or even from each other diverge. Also mixed forms of these courses are possible. While the convergence to the Rotary axis of the known Hirth toothing comes closest, point parallel to each other or even diverging lines interesting functional properties on. While In conventional Hirth gears, the teeth are always radially inward more delicate and thus more sensitive, the strength of the Teeth at equal or parallel lines or divergent lines even more intensified, so that also the radially inner regions contribute strongly to the total torque transmission can. Another advantage can be seen in the production, since the shape retention the teeth With wider inner areas easier to produce.

A further embodiment occurs when the first spur toothing and the second spur toothing have different toothing parameters, for example the teeth the first and the second spur toothing in the direction of rotation different Have widths. This variant is useful if materials be paired the two partners of different strength. Preference is given to the higher-strength Turning partners the slimmer teeth formed.

at a particularly preferred embodiment is provided that the teeth have rounded tooth tips, so that in case of overload of the Slewing connection between the first turning partner and the second turning partner the serrations around one or more teeth in the next stable Skip location can, without the otherwise very sensitive tooth tips being injured. The radii of the tooth tips are dependent on the preload, and the flank angle of the connection selected. Particular preference is given here a combination of asymmetrically sloped tooth flanks and rounded ones Tooth tips, making the tooth in longitudinal section along the direction of rotation takes the form of a wave train.

at another possible embodiment The invention has the teeth in the area of the tooth tips a radially extending notch and / or An indentation, which is designed so that these teeth elastic yielding allows. This constructive measure allows compensation of manufacturing tolerances, as the teeth through the elastic yielding can compensate for shape errors. such Notches or indentations can on the first spur toothing and / or on the second spur toothing be arranged. Instead of a notch, other shapes, which are similar to one cause elastic behavior, be used.

In a differently oriented embodiment of the assembly, the spur gear on the rotation axis rotating teeth. This embodiment is based on the consideration that serrations with radially extending teeth due to the necessary free space between the paired components on tooth tips and tooth base in the radial direction are not tight for fluids, especially liquids. By using a concentric and / or coaxial teeth, the disadvantage of the tightness is overcome. To achieve this tightness, it is preferred that the teeth completely revolve around the axis of rotation. If a complete tightness is not required, the teeth can also be interrupted in the direction of rotation and / or formed only in sections. As a counter-toothing or second spur toothing a circumferential groove or keyway is formed. The flanks of the circumferential teeth or the groove can also have crowns, rounded tooth tips or indentations, etc., like the radially extending teeth. After an exactly concentric about the axis of rotation tooth-keyway is held only by frictional forces against relative rotation about the axis of rotation, it is preferred in a modification that the circumferential teeth deviating from a concentric circle, for example as an oval, wavy, jagged, etc are guided. By this modification, the ability of torque transmission is substantially increased.

Even though the variants individually, it is also within the scope of the invention, that the different measures can be used in combination. That's the way it is, for example possible at a wavy radial course of the teeth a crown, a rejuvenation, a concave shape, etc. in the tooth flanks also in complex Shape or a rounded tooth tip or a tooth tip with molding or Notch to provide. Likewise, these actions are on the axis of rotation circumferential teeth applicable.

Further Features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the attached Characters. Showing:

1 a schematic three-dimensional plan view of a spur gear teeth to explain the geometric conditions;

2 a section of the 1 ;

3 a detailed view of the longitudinal section in the circumferential direction of the spur toothing of a tooth;

4a C is a schematic longitudinal section in the direction of rotation through a tooth of the spur toothing in various embodiments according to the invention; 5 in a similar representation as the 4a C shows a further embodiment of the teeth of the spur toothing;

6 . 7 in a similar representation as the 4a -D other variants of the teeth;

8th a schematic representation for the description of the radial course of teeth of the spur toothing;

9 a schematic plan view of a variant of teeth of the spur gear teeth with parallel or inwardly divergent flanks;

10 a schematic three-dimensional representation of teeth with parallel tooth flanks as a further embodiment variant;

11 - 13 Three further embodiments in a schematic plan view with inradialer direction curved tooth flanks extending;

14 a schematic three-dimensional plan view of a tooth with a convex edge;

15 - 17 Schematic plan views of various embodiments with spherical, concave or wavy trained tooth flanks;

18 . 19 a schematic plan view of a spur gear teeth with concentric teeth.

each other appropriate sizes or Parts are in the figures with corresponding reference numerals Mistake.

The 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional plan view of a rotary partner 1 , which with a spur toothing 2 is provided, with only a single tooth 3 the spur toothing 2 is shown in the drawing. The turning partner 1 can enter into a rotationally fixed connection with a second spider (not shown) with a second spur gearing.

Such assemblies - consisting of the partner rotation 1 and the other turning partner - are used for example in wheel bearing arrangements, wherein the turning partner 1 as a torque-transmitting element, for example, a joint bell, and the other rotary partner, not shown, is formed as a support for a raceway, ring or disc of a wheel bearing.

As can be seen in particular from the 2 and 3 which gives a detailed representation of the 1 , the positions of the relevant points for the tooth geometry can be described by three variables, namely their axial position (Z coordinate, angular position (rotation to the Z axis) and distance R to the Z axis. The 3 schematically shows the cross section of a tooth 3 in general form. The geometry of the tooth 3 is described by five points P1 ... P5 and the intermediate curve sections I ... V. The curve sections I... V can represent, for example, a circular arc or, depending on the application target, a curve of a higher order. Also suitable for the analytical description of the individual curves is a polynomial of the form: f (x) = ax n + bx n-1 + cx n-2

By appropriate choice of the boundary conditions can be composed of the individual polynomials a continuous curve. Depending on the complexity of the desired tooth geometry, more than four areas can be defined. In the presentation in the 3 The lines II and IV denote the tooth flanks and the line III the tooth tip.

The 4a - 4d each show in a schematic cross-sectional representation of embodiments for tooth forms of the tooth 3 , First, the shows 4a a conventional tooth profile in symmetrical design. The 4b on the other hand shows an adapted cross-sectional shape, which is particularly suitable for asymmetric loads. Thus, the inclination angle alpha1 with respect to a parallel to the Z-axis of the tooth flank section II is greater in magnitude than the inclination angle alpha2 of the opposite tooth flank section IV. The asymmetrical shape of the tooth 3 is used, on the one hand, when a preferential direction of rotation is given, wherein the more heavily loaded under torque edge IV is made steeper than the relieved edge II. Likewise, a selective torque limitation can be made possible, wherein the edge inclination is selected so that at a predetermined torque skip the teeth 3 he follows.

The 4c shows a modification of the tooth 3 in the 4a where the tooth tip III of the tooth 3 is rounded, with a radius whose center is located approximately to 70% of the tooth height. The tooth height is defined as the distance in the axial direction between tooth base and tooth tip. Such rounded tooth tips III are used to protect the tips of the teeth when skipping the teeth 3 to reach the next stable position when overloading the module.

The 4d shows in the same representation as the preceding figures, a combination of the features of the 4b and 4c where the tooth is 3 shows an asymmetric basic shape with a rounded tooth tip.

The 5 also shows in a schematic longitudinal section in the direction of rotation partner 1 in engagement with a second partner 4 , where the teeth 3 the turning partner 1 and 4 each formations 5 which are parallel to the longitudinal extent and / or in the radial direction of the teeth 3 extend. The formations 5 are sized so that the free ends of the teeth 3 can be compressed under bias to the tooth center to compensate for manufacturing tolerances and a better fit of the teeth 3 the spur toothing 2 of the shooting partner 1 with the teeth 3 the spur toothing 2 of the shooting partner 4 to reach.

The 6 shows in the same representation as the 5 another alternative embodiment of the serrations 2 the turning partner 1 . 4 where the tooth flanks of the teeth 3 the spur toothing of the spin partner 1 have a convex curvature, whereas the flanks of the teeth 3 the spur toothing of the spin partner 4 are concave in the longitudinal section shown. By adjusting the radii of the curved or concave region, the geometry of the contact lines or contact surface between the flanks of the teeth 3 be set.

The 7 shows a further alternative embodiment of the spur gear teeth 2 the turning partner 1 and 4 , wherein the spur gears differ significantly by different tooth widths b1 and b2. This variant is useful when materials of different strength are paired, with the higher-strength partner, the slimmer teeth are formed with the smaller width b2. The definition of the widths b1 and b2 can - as in the 7 shown - refer to the total width. In alternative definitions, the total width can also be defined as FWHM (Full-Width-Half-Maximum) based on mathematical curve definitions.

The 8th Illustrates in a schematic representation that the radial course of the teeth 3 in a similar way as the cross section (cf. 2 and 3 ) can be described by auxiliary lines or curves S1 ... S6 through the points P1 to Pm. That's how it shows 9 in a schematic plan view of an embodiment in which the curves S1 ... S4 are aligned parallel to each other or even diverge inwards, so that a very stable tooth geometry is formed. The counterpart is correspondingly shaped so that the desired plant of mating teeth 3 or tooth flanks (point, line, surface contact) sets.

The 10 shows the embodiment in the 9 in a schematic three-dimensional representation, wherein it can be seen again that the tooth flanks II, IV of the teeth 3 do not run to a common point in the center of the gear. It is conceivable a parallel course or even a higher tooth width to the tooth axis Z out.

For comparison, the shows 11 a conventional spur toothing of the prior art with radially straight teeth converging on a common point. In the event that such curves S1 ... Sm have a curved or angled course, there may be advantages for the load on the teeth 3 under torque application, as compared to the straight course, the teeth 3 Support against each other in three dimensions.

The 12 shows, for example, a variant, wherein the teeth 3 or the curves S 1... S 4 are curved around a center of curvature which is approximately arranged on a tooth mid-vertical.

The 13 on the other hand shows an alternative embodiment, wherein the curve center point in comparison to the representation in 12 is arranged offset to the tooth center. In an analogous manner, a displacement of the center of curvature radially outward is conceivable.

The 14 shows a schematic three-dimensional side view of a tooth 3 , wherein the tooth flank II / IV of the tooth 3 not as a flat surface, but is designed as a curved surface. By suitable curvatures of the tooth flanks II / IV different contact patterns can be generated. Here, as indicated graphically, a curvature or curvature with respect to the axial direction and / or with respect to the radial direction or hybrid forms thereof is within the scope of the invention. In order to optimize the load application and provide potentials to compensate for form errors and manufacturing tolerances, the geometry of the tooth flanks II / IV can be chosen so that initially sets a point or axial line contact, which converts under load (preload, torque transfer) in a surface contact ,

The 15 to 17 show serrations 2 with different curvature curves on the tooth flanks II / IV. For example, the shows 15 a spur toothing 2 with concave shaped flanks, which in particular as a counterpart to the embodiment in the 16 can serve with convex flanks.

Other possible pairings of the spur gear teeth of the partners 1 and 4 are spherical-crowned, so that a point contact arises. Like in the 17 is also a complex curvature of the teeth 3 or the tooth flanks II / IV in the context of the invention, wherein in the illustration in the 17 For example, a wave form (each represented on the outside in two variants) or a combination of thickening and rejuvenation in a tooth is conceivable 3 , Such a design is conceivable as a fine-tuning of the operating loads occurring.

The 18 and 19 each show a schematic plan view of a spur toothing 2 , wherein, in contrast to the previous figures, the teeth 3 are not radially aligned in the longitudinal extent, but the axis Z circulate and are preferably designed as an endless toothed ring.

The teeth 3 grab into a circumferential keyway 6 one in which the paired rotation partner 1 . 4 experienced under bias high normal forces on the friction surfaces. This results in a high frictional force, which in turn allows the transmission of higher torques than pure axial system. A significant advantage of the variant in the 18 is the tightness of the teeth in the radial direction. For an exact concentric arrangement of the teeth 3 or the keyways 6 An overload protection can also be implemented by turning partners 1 and 4 If a limit torque is exceeded, they are twisted against each other, whereby injury to the sensitive tooth tips is virtually ruled out due to the structural design. Although in the 18 only a keyway 6 shown for receiving a toothed ring, also several keyways 6 or toothed rings may be provided, which are arranged for example concentric with each other.

The 19 shows a schematic plan view of a concentric spur toothing 2 with radial component ("wavy line"). By adding radial components, the height of the transmittable torque can be significantly increased. The number of waves can be freely designed. In the simplest case describes the keyway 6 an oval, the design can z. B. be refined to a tightly divided zigzag. The tooth cross section can be analogous to the radially extending teeth 3 be executed.

1

partner rotation

2

spur gearing

3

tooth

4

partner rotation

5

formations

6

keyway

Claims (17)

Assembly, in particular wheel bearing arrangement, with a first partner ( 1 ) and with a second partner ( 4 ), where the first partner ( 1 ) a first spur toothing ( 2 ) and the second partner ( 4 ) a second spur toothing ( 2 ), and wherein the first and the second spur toothing ( 2 ) in such a way that the two partners ( 1 . 4 ) are rotatably coupled with respect to a common axis of rotation (Z) in normal operation with each other. An assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the spur toothing ( 2 ) with respect to the axis of rotation (Z) radially extending teeth ( 3 ) having. An assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that in a longitudinal section along the direction of rotation of the axis of rotation (Z) the teeth ( 3 ) each have a rising and a falling tooth flank (II, IV), wherein the tooth flanks (II, IV) of a tooth ( 3 ) are aligned asymmetrically with respect to each other. An assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that the inclination angle (alpha1, alpha2) of the tooth flanks (II) of a tooth ( 3 ) with respect to a line which is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation (Z) and through the intersection of the imaginary extensions of the tooth flanks (II, IV), are formed differently. Assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that that both inclination angles (alpha1, alpha2) are not equal to 0 ° are. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the tooth flanks (II / IV) in a radial and / or axial course is formed crowned. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the tooth flanks (II / IV) tapers and thickening. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial course of the teeth ( 3 ) has at least one curvature and / or angulation. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial course of the teeth ( 3 ) is undulating and / or jagged. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial course of a tooth ( 3 ) can be represented by a plurality of auxiliary lines (S1... Sm), the auxiliary lines (S1..Sm) being arranged along similar regions and / or points (P1... Pm) of the tooth (FIG. 3 ) and wherein the auxiliary lines (S1 ... Sm) converge toward each other to the rotation axis (Z), run parallel to each other and / or diverge from each other. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth ( 3 ) of the first and the second spur toothing ( 2 ) in the direction of rotation have different widths (b1, b2). Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the teeth ( 3 ) wear rounded tooth tips (III). Assembly according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the teeth ( 3 ) in the region of the tooth tips (III) extending in Zahnerstreckung notch and / or indentation ( 5 ) exhibit. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spur toothing ( 2 ) at least one rotation axis rotating tooth ( 3 ) having. An assembly according to claim 14, characterized in that the circumferential tooth ( 3 ) concentric and / or coaxial with the axis of rotation ( 2 ) runs. An assembly according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the circumferential tooth ( 3 ) in a circumferential groove, in particular keyway ( 6 ) intervenes. An assembly according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the circumferential tooth is corrugated and / or serrated to the axis of rotation ( 2 ) runs.