DE102008034547B3 - Wire-like spray material, useful for arc wire spraying and coating substrate, comprises iron, where the material is formed together with carbon as a micro-alloy, and the alloy contains e.g. carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium and copper - Google Patents

Abstract

Wire-like spray material (4) comprises iron, where: the spray material is formed together with carbon as a micro-alloy, so that bainite and martensite are developed during hardening of the spray material, and the alloy contains carbon (0.23-0.4 wt.%); silicon (0.7-0.98 wt.%); manganese (1.4-1.9 wt.%); chromium (0.75-0.95 wt.%); copper (0.2-0.25 wt.%); molybdenum (0.07-0.095); nickel (0.15-0.25 wt.%); aluminum (greater than 0.05 wt.%); vanadium (0.17-0.2 wt.%); nitrogen (0.005-0.013 wt.%); boron (0.0015-0.0025); and titanium (0.02-0.035 wt.%).

Description

The Invention relates to a wire-shaped spray material, in particular for arc wire spraying, comprising substantially Iron. The invention further relates to the use of this wire-shaped spray material in an arc wire spraying process, in which the material as a layer is deposited on the substrate.

at The manufacture of internal combustion engines is for the sake of Energy efficiency and emission reduction as possible low friction and high abrasion and wear resistance. For this purpose, engine components, such as cylinder bores or their walls provided with a tread layer or it Bushes are inserted into the cylinder bores, which with a tread layer be provided. The application of such tread layers is usually by thermal spraying, for example electric arc wire spraying. When wire arc spraying is between two wire-shaped spray materials generates an arc by applying a voltage. It will melt the wire tips and are for example by means of a nebulizer gas on the surface to be coated, for example, conveys the cylinder wall, where they attach.

From the DE 103 08 563 B3 a cylinder liner for internal combustion engines is known, comprising a base body with a wear protection coating on the tread, based on a hard iron alloy with carbon and oxygen, wherein the wear protection layer has martensitic phases and oxides and the wear protection layer in the arc-wire spraying process is applicable and the alloy of the coating has a carbon content of 0.05 to 3 wt .-%.

Out of the reference [Llewellyn H., et al .: Development of an electric arc sprayed self-lubricating coating; Proceedings of the 15th International Thermal Spray Conference 25-29 May 1998, Nice, France, pages 263-268] is the deposition of Iron materials with a carbon content by means of arc wire spraying known, wherein in the deposited layer metastable phases like martensite and bainite.

Out the reference [Yaojun Lin, et al .: Evolution of Carbides during Aging of a Spray-Formed Chromium Containing Tool Steel; Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Volume 39A, February 2008, pages 473-476] is the deposition of Cr-containing steel layers by means of arc wire spraying known, in the deposited layer martensite and Bainite form.

From the DE 695 35 062 T2 is also known a coating of substrates with carbon steel by arc spray guns.

It It is an object of the invention to provide an improved wire-form spray material, in particular for arc wire spraying, specify. Target variables are good spray behavior, targeted coating properties and good Machinability.

The The object is achieved by a wire-shaped Spray material with the features of claim 1.

advantageous Further developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

One wire-shaped spray material according to the invention, in particular for arc wire spraying, essentially comprises Iron. The spray material is such at least with carbon as a micro-alloy formed that already during the solidification of the spray material bainite and martensite arise. Microalloys are such alloys, the predominantly are formed of one component, in proportion to a total mass only small amounts of other ingredients are added. bainit is a tough one Bainite carbonaceous steels. Martensite is a hard, wear-resistant structure. The formation of bainite and martensite can be due to the nature of the cooling of the spray material and by the choice of alloying components of microalloying to be influenced. In the case of an attachment of an arc wire spraying using the spray material according to the invention produced layer on a substrate, such as a cylinder surface, forms a tough, Bainite ductile matrix with hard, wear-resistant martensite islands. In this way, the friction, in particular the solid friction between the layer and a friction partner, for example piston rings, be significantly reduced.

The following alloy components are provided:
Carbon in a proportion of 0.23 wt .-% to 0.4 wt .-%,
Silicon in a proportion of 0.7% by weight to 0.98% by weight,
Manganese in a proportion of 1.4% by weight to 1.9% by weight,
Chromium in a proportion of 0.75% by weight to 0.95% by weight,
Copper in a proportion of 0.2% by weight to 0.25% by weight,
Molybdenum in a proportion of 0.07 to 0.095% by weight,
Nickel in a proportion of 0.15% by weight to 0.25% by weight,
Aluminum with a maximum content of 0.05 Wt .-%,
Vanadium in a proportion of 0.17 wt .-% to 0.2 wt .-%,
Nitrogen in a proportion of 0.005 wt.% To 0.013 wt.%,
Boron in a proportion of 0.0015 wt .-% to 0.0025 wt .-% and
Titanium in a proportion of 0.02% by weight to 0.035% by weight,
each based on a total weight.

in the Below is an embodiment of the Invention explained in more detail with reference to a drawing.

there shows:

1 a substrate having a sheet deposited by arc wire spraying.

In 1 is a substrate 1 with a layer deposited by wire arc spraying (LDS) 2 shown. In arc wire spraying, a coating head 3 two wire-shaped spray materials 4 fed. Between the wire-shaped spraying materials 4 becomes an arc 5 ignited. This melts the wire-shaped spray material 4 and is targeted by means of a carrier gas to the substrate to be coated 1 Applied where it cools, it solidifies and the layer 2 forms.

The wire-shaped spray material 4 essentially comprises iron. The spray material is formed at least with carbon as a micro-alloy such that predominantly fine perlite would form on solidification of the spray material. By adding further alloying elements, in particular manganese, however, the transformation is shifted so that predominantly bainite forms on solidification. This layer is of higher strength but differentiating to pure Fe-C layers, with significantly higher toughness. The addition of Cr and V increases the wear resistance by forming stable vanadium carbides.

• – Kohlenstoff 0,23 Gew.-% bis 0,4 Gew.-%
• – Silizium 0,7 Gew.-% bis 0,98 Gew.-%
• – Mangan 1,4 Gew.-% bis 1,9 Gew.-%
• – Chrom 0,75 Gew.-% bis 0,95 Gew.-%
• – Kupfer 0,2 Gew.-% bis 0,25 Gew.-%
• – Molybdän 0,07 bis 0,095 Gew.-%
• – Nickel 0,15 Gew.-% bis 0,25 Gew.-%
• – Aluminium maximal 0,05 Gew.-%
• – Vanadin 0,17 Gew.-% bis 0,2 Gew.-%
• – Stickstoff 0,005 Gew.-% bis 0,013 Gew.-%
• – Bor 0,0015 Gew.-% bis 0,0025 Gew.-%
• – Titan 0,02 Gew.-% bis 0,035 Gew.-%
• – Phosphor maximal 0,02 Gew.-%
• – Schwefel 0,07 Gew.-% bis 0,09 Gew.-%

Furthermore, the following alloy components are included:

• Carbon 0.23 wt.% To 0.4 wt.%
• Silicon from 0.7% to 0.98% by weight
• Manganese 1.4% by weight to 1.9% by weight
• Chromium 0.75% to 0.95% by weight
• Copper 0.2% to 0.25% by weight
• Molybdenum 0.07 to 0.095% by weight
• Nickel from 0.15% to 0.25% by weight
• Aluminum maximum 0.05% by weight
• Vanadium 0.17 wt.% To 0.2 wt.%
• Nitrogen from 0.005% to 0.013% by weight
• Boron 0.0015% by weight to 0.0025% by weight
• Titanium 0.02 wt.% To 0.035 wt.%
• - Phosphorus not more than 0.02% by weight
• Sulfur from 0.07% to 0.09% by weight

The Quantities are in percent by weight, each based on a total weight.

• – Kohlenstoff 0,35 Gew.-%
• – Silizium 0,85 Gew.-%
• – Mangan 1,55 Gew.-%
• – Chrom 0,9 Gew.-%
• – Kupfer 0,25 Gew.-%
• – Molybdän 0,095 Gew.-%
• – Nickel 0,2 Gew.-%
• – Aluminium maximal 0,03 Gew.-%
• – Vanadin 0,185 Gew.-%
• – Stickstoff 0,011 Gew.-%
• – Bor 0,0025 Gew.-%
• – Titan 0,022 Gew.-%
• – Phosphor maximal 0,02 Gew.-%
• – Schwefel 0,07 Gew.-% bis 0,09 Gew.-%

It is preferred for the wire-shaped spray material 4 used a microalloy with the following constituents:

• Carbon 0.35% by weight
• Silicon 0.85% by weight
• Manganese 1.55% by weight
• Chromium 0.9% by weight
• Copper 0.25% by weight
• Molybdenum 0.095% by weight
• Nickel 0.2% by weight
• - aluminum maximum 0.03 wt .-%
• Vanadium 0.185% by weight
• Nitrogen 0.011% by weight
• Boron 0.0025% by weight
• Titanium 0.022% by weight
• - Phosphorus not more than 0.02% by weight
• Sulfur from 0.07% to 0.09% by weight

Of the The main component of microalloying is iron.

Arc wire spraying with a formed from this microalloy wire-shaped spray material 4 results in a particularly homogeneous layer with low porosity and low roughness.

Of the low carbon content and the increased manganese content of the microalloy cause an improved spray behavior with very small droplets.

The addition of copper improves the corrosion protection of the layer 2 ,

Chromium and vanadium promote the transformation of the solidifying spray material 4 in the desired structure.

Together with molybdenum, chromium also leads to reduced wear of the layer 2 , for example by formation of mixed carbides.

nickel reduces the tendency to corrosion as well.

Nitrogen ensures the homogeneity and fine graininess of the layer 2 ,

The wire-shaped spray material 4 is preferably hot rolled and / or hot drawn and then slowly and controlled cooled in an oven to obtain a ductile structure, so that the wire-shaped spray material 4 remains flexible.

The Alloy components of the wire are sized so that the burnup of certain elements, e.g. B. carbon is taken into account. The alloy composition the layer is changed according to the burnup.

Preferably, a surface of the wire-shaped spray material 4 coppered to avoid corrosion.

1

substratum

2

layer

3

coating head

4

wire-shaped spray material

5

Electric arc

Claims (4)

Wire-shaped spray material ( 4 ), in particular for arc wire spraying, comprising essentially iron, wherein the spray material ( 4 ) is formed at least with carbon as a micro-alloy such that upon solidification of the spray material bainite and martensite are characterized in that the following alloying components are provided: carbon with a proportion of 0.23 wt .-% to 0.4 wt .-%, silicon with a proportion of 0.7 wt .-% to 0.98 wt .-%, manganese with a share of 1.4 wt .-% to 1.9 wt .-%, chromium with a share of 0.75 wt % to 0.95% by weight, copper in a proportion of 0.2% to 0.25% by weight, molybdenum in an amount of 0.07 to 0.095% by weight, nickel with a proportion of 0.15 wt .-% to 0.25 wt .-%, aluminum in a proportion of not more than 0.05 wt .-%, vanadium in a proportion of 0.17 wt .-% to 0.2 wt % By weight, nitrogen in a proportion of 0.005 wt .-% to 0.013 wt .-%, boron in a proportion of 0.0015 wt .-% to 0.0025 wt .-% and titanium in a proportion of 0.02 Wt .-% to 0.035 wt .-%, each based on the total weight. Wire-shaped spray material ( 4 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that phosphorus is contained in a proportion of not more than 0.02 wt .-% and sulfur in a proportion of 0.07 wt .-% to 0.09 wt .-%. Wire-shaped spray material ( 4 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a copper plating of the surface of the spray material ( 4 ) is provided. Use of a wire-shaped spray material ( 4 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3 for coating a substrate ( 1 ), in which the spray material ( 4 ) in an arc ( 5 ) melted and as a layer ( 2 ) on the substrate ( 1 ), characterized in that in the layer ( 2 ) after precipitation during solidification bainite and martensite are formed.