DE102008023678B4 - bomb - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for converting an aerial bomb of the type MK 81, 82, 83 or 84 into an aerial bomb (1) with target penetration effect comprising the following steps • Use of the steel bomb shell (10) which has a bow opening (11) and a rear opening (12) ) the aviator bomb of the type MK 81, 82, 83 or 84, • arrangement of a slim penetrator (20) in the bomb casing (10), the distance (a) between the tip of the penetrator (20) and the front bow opening being greater than 100 mm is.

Description

The invention relates to an aerial bomb or a method for retrofitting an aerial bomb of the type MK 81, 82, 83 or 84 in a flying bomb with target breakdown effect. Aircraft bombs are stored without the attachments, such as detonator, wind turbine generator, power cable, steering devices and suspension lugs. Only before an application, the attachments are attached and transferred the aerial bomb in a ready state. In this application, the term aerial bomb applies primarily to the storage state in which the aforementioned attachments are not yet mounted.

New developments of aerial bombs and their integration into possible platforms are extremely complex. One way to reduce the costs involved is to use existing systems. From existing systems, the external dimensions, the mass, the center of gravity and the moments of inertia around the spatial axes are known. These parameters determine the aerodynamic properties. Furthermore, the suspension points are for attachment to the support platform. Finally, the mechanical interfaces are known to attach, for example, the steering devices.

From the DE 697 30 252 T2 is an advanced aerial bomb known. This aerial bomb is based on a known Sprengbornbe. The advanced aircraft bomb has an enclosure whose outer dimensions match exactly with the known explosive bomb. Likewise, the mass properties match the known explosive bomb. Within the enclosure, a penetrator is arranged, which has an explosive charge in the rear. A standardized bomb shell often weighs more than a third of the total mass of an aerial bomb and is therefore not used here.

Rather, the envelope is a newly developed lightweight component in order to give the penetrator a higher mass and thus a higher efficiency.

The US Pat. No. 6,374,744 B1 also deals with a bomb that emulates the form of a certified bomb.

Both of the bombs described above have in common that the bomb envelope used is merely an aerodynamic effect inherent.

The DE 195 35 218 C1 shows a ballistic projectile with a projectile hood and a penetrator. It is envisaged that the projectile hood is either blown off or penetrated by the penetrator.

From the DE 27 03 638 is an armored pyre known with a steel sheath and a tungsten core.

• • die Fliegerbombe weist eine standardisierte Bombenhülle auf,
• • die Bombenhülle ist die Bombenhülle der Fliegerbombe MK 82,
• • die Bombenhülle besteht aus Stahl,
• • die Bombenhülle weist eine kleinere Bugöffnung und eine größere Hecköffnung auf.

A generic aerial bomb is the aerial bomb BLU-126 / B-. The BLU-126 / B has the following features:

• • the bombshell has a standardized bombshell,
• • the bombshell is the bombshell of the MK 82 aviation bomb,
• The bomb shell is made of steel,
• • The bomb shell has a smaller bow opening and a larger rear opening.

The aerial bomb is known from the Internet (http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mk_82, 25 February 2008).

The aerial bomb BLU-126 / B- represents a variant of the MK 82. The MK 82 is the most frequently used explosive bomb in the US and NATO forces. The air bomb BLU-126 / B was built on the request of the United States Navy after a bomb for minor collateral damage during air raids. It is also known as "Low Collateral Damage Bomb (LCDB)". To reduce collateral damage, the BLU-126 / B has a smaller explosive charge. However, a non-explosive filling is added to get the same mass as before. This ensures that the aerodynamic properties of the bombs remain the same.

The invention is based on the object to provide an aerial bomb using a standardized bomb cover made of steel, which has a high impact at low impact damage with low collateral damage.

This object is achieved by the features of claim 1.

The aerial bomb has a standardized bomb shell. The bomb shell is in particular the bomb envelope of the aerial bomb MK 81, 82, 83 or 84. Such bomb cases are available in large numbers. The use of these bomb covers reduces costs. Furthermore, there are a variety of already finished and tested attachments for these bomb cases, which can be accessed. This also reduces the costs. The bomb cover is made of steel and has a bow opening and a rear opening. These are the conditions for a slim penetrator, which is located in the bomb envelope. The Bombshell designed for a blast bomb serves now as a bomb shell for a penetrator. The fact that the distance between the tip of the penetrator and the bow opening is greater than 100 mm, results in a much higher penetration of the penetrator than expected. This is achieved by the fact that the bombshell made of steel damages the target. Due to the target damage, the penetrator can penetrate much deeper into the target. The high mechanical stability of the steel bomb cover is used to weaken the target and facilitate the target penetration for the subsequent penetrator. In the Penetrator mass is concentrated due to its slimming on a small cross-sectional area. A smaller cross-sectional area leads to greater penetration rates with the same kinetic energy. Since the bomb sheath always has target contact before the penetrator, the penetration behavior of the penetrator is also supported at impact angles.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the distance between the tip of the penetrator and the bow opening is less than 500 mm. This ensures that the penetrator has a sufficient length to ensure a high level of effect in the target.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the distance of the rear end of the penetrator to the rear end of the bomb envelope is smaller than 50 mm. Even with this measure, a sufficient length of the penetrator is ensured with a high effect in the target guaranteed.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the mass of the penetrator essentially corresponds to the mass of the explosive charge which is used in the explosive bomb designed as an aerial bomb. With this measure it is achieved that the penetrator receives the maximum possible mass. The penetrator almost completely replaces the former explosive charge.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rear opening of the bomb envelope. This facilitates the installation of the penetrator in the bomb shell. During installation, the penetrator can be inserted through the rear opening into the bomb envelope.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator is greater than the cross-sectional area of the bow opening. On the one hand, this measure has the disadvantage that the penetrator must widen the narrower bow opening of the bomb envelope. On the other hand, the advantages lie in the fact that in the present framework, which are still discussed in the embodiment, the penetrator receives its maximum possible mass.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the penetrator on a arranged in the rear explosive charge. The explosive charge can be ignited at the time of target impact or delayed. With the explosive charge a localized effect is to be achieved. Collateral damage should be avoided.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the mass fraction of the explosive charge to the total mass of the penetrator is a maximum size of 20%. As a result, the focus of the effect is placed on the penetration, wherein the effect of the splinters of the penetrator and the splinters of the bomb shell is limited due to the very small explosive charge.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, an igniter receiving bush is arranged in the explosive charge of the penetrator, which has the same dimensions as the detonator bushing of the explosive bomb. For a soldier this means easy handling. He has in the context of deployment in the same way to use the detonator in the fuze receiving socket, as in the previous explosive bomb.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the bomb shell on a receiving socket for a wind turbine generator, wherein in the penetrator, a cable channel is arranged, which extends from the Zünderaufnahmebuchse up to the bottom opening of the receiving socket of the wind turbine generator. Just like with the previous explosive bomb, a connection cable has to be laid in the cable channel and a wind turbine generator has to be mounted for operational purposes.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the penetrator is fixed with a fixing agent in the bomb envelope. The fixative fixes the position of the penetrator during storage, transport and use until impact with the target.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the fixing agent is mounting foam. This represents a cost-effective measure. The mass of the mounting foam is insignificant relative to the total mass.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the standardized bomb shell mechanical interfaces on the front of a use steering devices are anmontierbar. Existing, standardized steering devices of the previous explosive bomb can be used.

An embodiment of the invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Showing:

1 an aerial bomb with penetrator in longitudinal section;

2a to 2c the individual steps of penetrating a target, wherein the mechanism of action is illustrated.

The 1 shows a flying bomb 1 , The aerial bomb 1 has a standardized bombshell 10 on. The bombshell 10 In contrast to this, the bombshell can also be the bombshell of the smaller aviation bomb MK 81 or the larger aviation bombs MK 83 or 84. The aerial bombs of MK types are explosive bombs. The bombshell 10 is made of steel and has a smaller bow opening 11 and a larger rear opening 12 on. Unlike the blast bomb, where the bomb shell is filled with explosive, now is a slim penetrator 20 in the bombshell 10 arranged.

The mode of action of the aerial bomb 1 is in the 2a to 2c shown. The 2a shows an aerial bomb shortly before a target 100 , The goal 100 is a concrete target. The speed of the aerial bomb has a size of approx. 250 m / s. The bombshell 10 and the penetrator 20 have the same speed at the beginning. The distance a between the tip of the penetrator 20 and the bow opening is greater than 100 mm, preferably greater than 150 mm. In the enlarged view of the aerial bomb after 1 the distance a is also drawn. This distance a importantly ensures that the bomb shell 10 even before the tip of the penetrator on the target occurs. As 2 B indicates, takes place in the target a pre-damage, which is mainly caused by the structural strength of the bomb shell and the subsequent penetrator significantly facilitates the penetration of the target.

• • der Zünder (nicht eingezeichnet), der seinen Platz in der Zünderaufnahmebuchse 25 einnimmt,
• • der Windradgenerator 60 in der Aufnahmebuchse 14,
• • das Stromverbindungskabel (nicht eingezeichnet), das in dem Kabelkanal 26 verlegt wird,
• • die vordere Lenkeinrichtung 40, die einen Suchkopf aufweisen kann und über die mechanische Schnittstelle 16 befestigt ist,
• • die hintere Lenkeinrichtung 50, die ein Leitwerk mit Lenkflügeln aufweist und über die mechanischen Schnittstelle 17 gehalten ist und
• • die Aufhängeösen 70a und 70b zur Anbringung an die Trägerplattform.

The total mass of the aerial bomb with penetrator after 1 has, as with the original explosive bomb, a size of about 213 kg. The mass refers to the storage condition in which the attachments are not mounted yet. For the in 1 illustrated aerial bomb 1 with penetrator 20 the same, standardized attachments can be used as with the original explosive bomb. The attachments are:

• • the detonator (not shown), which takes its place in the detonator socket 25 occupies
• • the wind turbine generator 60 in the receiving socket 14 .
• • the power connection cable (not shown) in the cable duct 26 is relocated,
• • the front steering device 40 which may have a seeker head and via the mechanical interface 16 is attached,
• • the rear steering device 50 , which has a tail with steering wings and the mechanical interface 17 is held and
• • the suspension eyes 70a and 70b for attachment to the carrier platform.

The original explosive bomb contains a mass of about 90 kg explosive. The mass of the penetrator 20 corresponds to the mass of the explosive charge that was used in the explosive bomb designed as an aerial bomb. The mass of the penetrator therefore has a size of about 90 kg.

The mass of the bombshell 10 has a size of about 120 kg. Thus, a mass of about 3 kg remains for the other fasteners, such as for the front spacer bushing 18 and the lid 80 ,

The penetrator 20 is with a fixative in the bombshell 10 fixed. The fixing agent is mounting foam 30 whose mass is so small that they are in the mass design of the penetrator 20 can be neglected. The spacer bush 18 centers the penetrator and facilitates assembly. Preferably, the distance a should be between the tip of the penetrator 20 and the bow opening of the bombshell 10 be chosen at least so large that the front, provided in the standardized bomb shell, slightly modified igniter housing as a spacer bushing 18 can be installed. The slight change refers to a centering for the penetrator tip.

The round rear opening 12 the bombshell 10 has a diameter of 150 mm. The maximum outside diameter of the penetrator 20 is smaller and has a size of about 140 mm to be fitted over the rear opening 12 to enable.

In the present embodiment, in which the standardized bomb shell of the MK 82 explosive bomb is used, the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator is 20 with a diameter of about 140 mm larger than the cross-sectional area of the bow opening 11 with a diameter of approx. 80 mm. This results from the given boundary conditions, which pretend that the physical properties of the standard explosive bomb must not be changed.

Even when using the MK 81, MK 83 or MK 84 bomb envelope, the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator is greater than the cross-sectional area of the bow opening.

Research has shown that the conical tip of the penetrator can easily rupture the bow opening of the sturdy bomb shell. The losses for overcoming the radial structural strength of the front, stable ring cross-section are less than expected.

How on hand 2a to 2c illustrated, on the one hand, a minimum distance a is provided in order to generate a pre-damage to the target with the bomb envelope. On the other hand, penetrators are as slim as possible for a high level of effect in the target. Therefore, the distance a is between the tip of the penetrator 20 and the bow opening 11 less than 500 mm, preferably less than 300 mm. For the same reason, the distance b of the rear end of the penetrator to the rear end of the bomb shell 10 less than 50 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the distance b corresponds to the floor thickness of the rear-mounted cover 80 ,

The penetrator 20 has a rear explosive charge 21 on. The mass fraction of the explosive charge 21 to the total mass of the penetrator 20 has a maximum size of 20%. In the exemplary embodiment, the explosive charge 21 a mass of about 10 kg.

In the penetrator charge 21 is a detonator socket 25 arranged, which has the same dimensions as the detonator socket of the explosive bomb, from which the bomb shell is taken. In 2c is the detonator built into the bomb 90 located. The ignition timing of the igniter 90 can be set for example by the carrier aircraft. Either the ignition timing can coincide with the impact time or over a time delay after the impact time. In 2c is the penetrator in a position responsible for igniting the small explosive charge 21 suitable is.

The standardized bombshell 10 has a receiving socket 14 for a wind turbine generator. In the penetrator 20 is a cable channel 26 arranged from the igniter receptacle 25 up to the bottom opening 15 the receiving socket 14 of the wind turbine generator runs.

The standardized bomb shell has a front mechanical interface 16 and a rear mechanical interface 17 on. Before a deployment, a front steering device 40 or a rear steering device 50 to be assembled. The front steering device 40 may contain a seeker. The rear steering device may have a tail with adjustable wings.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

bomb

10

bomb shell

11

bow opening

12

rear opening

14

Bushing for a wind turbine generator

15

Bottom opening of the receiving socket

16

front mechanical interface

17

rear mechanical interface

18

Spacer bushing

20

penetrator

21

Explosive charge

25

Igniter receiving socket

26

Cabel Canal

30

assembly foam

40

front steering device

50

rear steering device

60

wind turbine generator

70a, 70b

suspension eyes

80

cover

90

fuze

100

aim

a

Distance between the tip of the penetrator and the bow opening

b

Distance of the rear end of the penetrator to the rear end of the bomb shell

Claims (14)

Method for converting an aerial bomb of the type MK 81, 82, 83 or 84 into an aerial bomb ( 1 ) with target breakdown effect comprising the following steps: • use of steel and a bow opening ( 11 ) and a rear opening ( 12 ) bombshell ( 10 ) the aerial bomb of the type MK 81, 82, 83 or 84, • arrangement of a slim penetrator ( 20 ) in the bomb envelope ( 10 ), wherein the distance (a) between the tip of the penetrator ( 20 ) and the front bow opening is greater than 100 mm. The method of claim 1, wherein the distance (a) between the tip of the penetrator ( 20 ) and the front bow opening ( 11 ) is less than 500 mm. Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the distance (b) of the rear end of the penetrator ( 20 ) to the rear end of the bomb shell ( 10 ) is smaller than 50 mm. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mass of the penetrator ( 20 ) substantially corresponds to the mass of the explosive charge, which is used in the trained as a bomb explosive bomb. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator ( 20 ) is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the rear opening ( 12 ) of the bombshell ( 10 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the maximum cross-sectional area of the penetrator ( 20 ) is greater than the cross-sectional area of the bow opening ( 11 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the penetrator ( 20 ) an explosive charge arranged in the rear ( 21 ) having. Method according to claim 7, wherein the mass fraction of the explosive charge ( 21 ) to the total mass of the penetrator ( 20 ) occupies a maximum size of 20%. Method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein in the explosive charge ( 21 ) a fuze receiving socket ( 25 ), which has the same dimensions as the detonator socket of the blast bomb. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, wherein in the penetrator ( 20 ) a cable channel ( 26 ) located from the igniter receiving socket ( 25 ) up to a bottom opening ( 15 ) one in the bomb envelope ( 10 ) receiving socket ( 14 ) for a wind turbine generator ( 60 ) runs. Method according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the penetrator ( 20 ) with a fixative in the bomb envelope ( 10 ) is fixed. The method of claim 11, wherein the fixing agent comprises mounting foam ( 30 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein prior to use steering devices ( 40 . 50 ) to mechanical interfaces of the bomb envelope ( 10 ) are mounted. Aerial bomb ( 1 ) produced with a target breakdown effect according to a method according to any one of claims 1-13.

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