DE102008015617B4 - Roller adjustment device - Google Patents

Abstract

Adjusting device for varying the radial distance (20) of at least one pan (13) relative to an inner lateral surface (3) of a perforated die (2) in a pelletizing press (1), with a receiving device (4) for receiving at least one pan (13) such that the pan (13) can be displaced radially relative to a perforated die (2), and radial thrust means (10, 15, 9) for the radial displacement of a pan (13) within the receiving device (4), the radial thrust means (10, 15, 9 ) have at least one axial drive element (14), at least one radial output element (9) which can be brought into operative connection with a pan (13) and transmission means (15) for transmitting an axial force acting on the axial drive element (14) to the radial output element (9) , wherein the output element (9) is designed as a holding device (9) for, preferably rotatable, mounting of the pan (13), characterized in that the receiving device (4) at least one n essentially solid disk-like attachment (6), in which at least one radial bore (7) is introduced, the holding device (9) with a piston-like section (10) being arranged radially displaceably within the radial bore (7).

Description

The present invention relates to an adjusting device for varying the radial distance of at least one pan grinder relative to an inner surface of a perforated die in a pelletizing press according to the preamble of claim 1, with a receiving device for receiving at least one pan pan in such a way that the pan pan can be arranged radially to a perforated die , and radial thrust means for radially displacing a pan grinder within the receiving device.

Known pelleting presses, which are used, for example, for the production of pellets as fodder, are based on the principle that a film of material is created between the driven die, for example a ring die, and the press rollers, usually called a roller, the thickness of which determines the throughput and also the quality of the pellets. In order to be able to adjust such a pelletizing press according to the material to be processed, its composition and the press construction, it is known to provide an adjusting device of the type mentioned above, with which the distance between the pan and the perforated die and thus the thickness of the material film can be adjusted.

From the EP 0 231 764 various embodiments of adjusting devices are known. In particular, from the EP 0 231 764 in 7th an adjusting mechanism of the type mentioned is known in which the pan rollers are each mounted on a bearing spindle which ends in a square head. Double-acting pistons press these heads in the direction of the perforation matrix. Due to the radial force exerted on the heads of the bearing spindle by the double-acting pistons, the heads of the bearing spindle slide in radial guides of the pan grinder. In the prior art, this causes a radial adjustment of the pan relative to the die in order to vary the gap between pan and die. A disadvantage of the known pan adjustment device is that it is expensive to design and manufacture due to the integration of the drive piston into the interior of the die is. In addition, a distance measurement is comparatively complex since the position of the drive piston can only be seen with difficulty from the outside. Finally, the known adjusting device is only suitable, with the disadvantage, for pelleting presses with only two pan grinders.

From the WO 2004/073963 A1 a pan adjustment device for an extrusion mill is known, in which an axial force acting on an axial drive element is transmitted to a radial output element in order to vary the radial distance between the pan and the inner surface of the perforated die.

The ones from the U.S. 4,498,856 Known pan adjustment device is based on the interaction of an axially aligned threaded rod which has wedge elements with outwardly directed inclined surfaces, with complementary inclined surfaces of a radially displaceable unit in which a pan roller is mounted.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an adjusting device for varying the radial distance of at least one pan relative to an inner surface of a perforated die in a pelletizing press, with a receiving device for receiving at least one pan in such a way that the pan can be displaced radially to a perforated die, and to provide radial thrust means for radial displacement of a pan grinder within the receiving device, which is simple in construction, can be manufactured inexpensively, allows position measurement in a simple manner and which is also suitable for pelletizing presses with three or more pan grinders.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a generic adjusting device, which has the combination of features of claim 1, in which the radial thrust means at least one axial drive element, at least one radial output element that can be brought into operative connection with a roller and transmission means for transmitting an axial force acting on the axial drive element to the Have radial output element. In this way, according to the invention, it is advantageously possible to move the axial drive element in order to thereby exert a radial thrust force on the Koller suspension. It is thus advantageously possible to arrange drive means outside the pelletizing press. The construction is therefore advantageously simpler than in the known adjustment system, in which the reciprocating pistons must be integrated into the adjustment device.

In an advantageous embodiment, the transmission means are designed as thrust gears. A thrust gear is a special case of a cam mechanism consisting of a cam member, an engaging member and a web connecting the cam member and the engaging member. In the normal case, the web is the frame, the cam member is the engagement member and the engagement member is the output member. The point of contact of the cam member and the engaging member can have an additional sensing member, for example a roller rotatably mounted in the engaging member with an identical degree of freedom in order to improve the running properties without changing the kinematics. In the context of the invention, the term transmission is to be understood in its most general form as a system for converting or transmitting movements and forces and / or torques. In particular, the term transmission is not a restriction refers to systems with a tooth connection. Nevertheless, toothed gears are also included in the term gear according to the invention.

In order to secure the contact between the drive element and the output element by means of adapted shaping, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that a form-fit connection is formed between the drive element and the output element.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is particularly favorable if the transmission means are designed as a cross section of the drive element that varies in the axial direction and is in operative connection with the output element. According to this embodiment according to the invention, the drive element assumes the function of the cam member in order to convert an axial force acting on the axial drive element into a radial force driving the roller radially to the hole matrix.

If, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the cross section of the drive element is designed monotonously, preferably linearly, increasingly in the axial direction, the distance between the inner surface of the perforated die and the outer surface of the pan can advantageously be adjusted by monotonically or linearly changing the axial position of the drive element also vary monotonically or linearly. Depending on the direction of movement of the axial drive element, there is a monotonic or linear change in the gap between the roller and the perforated die.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive element can have at least one axially aligned wedge element that is operatively connected to the output element. The wedge element can be designed, for example, as a wedge body attached to a rod, so that axial movements of the drive element are linearly converted into radial movements of the driven element and thus of the pan.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the drive element has at least one axially aligned conical element which is in operative connection with the output element. In connection with the invention, the conical shape has the advantage that it has a radial cross section that increases linearly in the axial direction, in order thus to bring about a linear conversion of an axial force into a radial force.

In an embodiment of the invention, the drive element can advantageously be designed as a rod which protrudes axially beyond the perforated matrix when the adjustment device interacts with a perforated matrix as intended. According to this embodiment, both a drive and any position measuring device can advantageously be arranged on the drive element outside the pelletizing press. This makes the structure much easier.

An automatic variation of the distance between the roller and the perforated die is possible within the scope of the invention if drive means are provided for generating an axial force on the drive element. All known motors, for example stepper motors or the like, are suitable as drive means.

In a special advantageous embodiment of the invention, the drive means have a preferably double-acting hydraulic cylinder. The double action of the hydraulic cylinder enables the pull rod to be driven in both axial directions in order to increase and / or decrease the distance between the roller and the perforated matrix by axially displacing the rod, depending on the design of the deflection means.

If, in a preferred embodiment of the invention, means for measuring the position of the axial drive element are provided, the measured position values obtained can be assigned to a distance between the roller and the perforated die, provided the transfer function of the transfer means is known.

A structurally particularly simple and therefore advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the means for position measurement can be arranged axially outside the perforated matrix in a state in which the adjusting device cooperates with a perforated matrix as intended.

According to the invention, the output element is designed as a holding device for, preferably rotatable, mounting of the pan. Within the scope of the invention, the holding device can be constructed in such a way that it is longitudinally movable in a radial bore of the receiving device, one end being in operative connection with the transmission means or the drive element. According to this embodiment of the invention, the opposite end of the holding device is preferably provided with a bearing for the axis of the pan.

Preferably, means for blocking the drive element in an axial position are provided within the scope of the invention. In this way, a predetermined distance between the distance and the die can be set and fixed.

The object on which the invention is based is equally achieved by a pelletizing press with a perforated die and at least one radially displaceable pan roller, which has an adjusting device according to one of claims 1 to 13.

The invention is described by way of example in a preferred embodiment with reference to a drawing, further advantageous details being shown in the figures of the drawing.

Functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference symbols.

• 1(a): eine Pelletierpresse mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung in einem Zustand mit maximalem Kollerspalt in einer axialen Schnittdarstellung, wobei der Schnitt entlang der Linie I-I in 2 verläuft;
• 1(b): Detaildarstellung des Bereichs W aus 1(a);
• 2(a): axiale Ansicht in Richtung des Pfeils II in 1(a) auf die Pelletiervorrichtung mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung aus 1, wobei ein Kolbenantrieb sowie ein Deckel der Kolleraufnahme nicht dargestellt sind;
• 2(b): Detaildarstellung des Bereichs X in 2(a);
• 3: die Pelletierpresse mit der erfindungsgemäßen Kollerverstellung aus den 1 und 2 in einem Zustand mit minimalem Kollerspalt, wobei die Ansichten jenen in 1 entsprechen, die Detaildarstellung trägt die Bezeichnung Y, der Längsschnitt in Teil A verläuft entlang der Linie III-III in 4;
• 4: Draufsicht in Richtung des Pfeils IV aus 3 in axialer Richtung der Pelletierpresse mit erfindungsgemäßer Kollerspaltverstellung in einem Zustand mit minimalem Kollerspalt, wobei die Ansichten jenen der 2 entsprechen, die Detaildarstellung trägt jedoch die Bezeichnung Z;
• 5: axiale Draufsicht auf eine Zugstange als Bestandteil der in den 1 bis 4 dargestellten erfindungsgemäßen Kollerspaltverstellung in einer Ansicht a) entsprechend der Blickrichtung in Richtung des Pfeils II in 1 des Pfeils IV in 3 sowie (b) in der Gegenrichtung.

The figures in the drawing show in detail:

• 1 (a) : a pelletizing press with a pan adjustment according to the invention in a state with a maximum pan gap in an axial sectional view, the section along the line II in FIG 2 runs;
• 1 (b) : Detail display of area W off 1 (a) ;
• 2 (a) : axial view in the direction of arrow II in 1 (a) on the pelletizing device with the roller adjustment according to the invention 1 , a piston drive and a cover of the pan grinder not being shown;
• 2 B) : Detailed display of the area X in 2 (a) ;
• 3 : the pelleting press with the roller adjustment according to the invention from the 1 and 2 in a condition with minimal pan gaps, the views being those in 1 correspond, the detailed representation is labeled Y, the longitudinal section in part A runs along the line III-III in 4th ;
• 4th : Top view in the direction of arrow IV 3 in the axial direction of the pelletizing press with inventive roller gap adjustment in a state with a minimal roller gap, the views being those of 2 correspond, however, the detailed representation bears the designation Z;
• 5 : Axial top view of a tie rod as part of the 1 to 4th shown roller gap adjustment according to the invention in a view a) corresponding to the viewing direction in the direction of arrow II in 1 of arrow IV in 3 and (b) in the opposite direction.

The 1 shows in the representation of an axial section along the line II in 2 a pellet press 1 . The pellet press 1 consists essentially of a perforated matrix 2 , which has the shape of a cylindrical drum, with an inner circumferential surface 3 with holes not shown in the figures. A pan holder is coaxial with the perforated die 4th arranged. The Koller recording 4th has a coaxial to the die 2 aligned cylinder section 5 on. The cylinder section 5 protrudes over the perforated matrix at both ends. At an axial distance from one another, the pan grommet 4th a pair of essentially solid disk-like attachments 6th on. The disk-like attachments 6th are designed in one piece with the cylinder section. In the context of the invention, the disk-like attachments 6th but equally separate from the cylindrical portion 5 be designed. Any disc-like attachment 6th is like in 2 can be seen flattened at the edges in such a way that a cross-section is hexagonal. In the disk-like attachments 6th are three radial bores of the same type 7th brought in. The radial holes 7th are arranged at the same angles to each other and each extend radially from the beveled lateral surface 8th the disk-like attachments 6th up through the cylinder section 5 through. Inside the radial bore 7th is an axle bracket each 9 with a piston-like section 10 arranged radially displaceable.

The axle mounts 9 have an inclined end face at the radially inner end 10 on. This is especially true in the 1 (b) and 3 (b) to recognize. At that of the inclined end face 10 opposite end of the axle mounts 9 is an axial hole 11 to accommodate a Koller axle 12 shaped.

Between the pair of disc-like attachments 6th the panic recording 4th is by means of the axle brackets 9 based on the axial bore formed therein 11 with the Koller axis 12 one roll each 13 rotatably mounted. The bearings are not shown for reasons of clarity. In this way you are in the panic recording 4th a total of three rollers 13 rotatably recorded. The axle mounts 9 are with their piston-like section in the radial bores 7th the disk-like attachments 6th radially displaceable by the axle brackets 9 be moved.

Coaxial with the cylinder section 5 the panic recording 4th and thus coaxial with the hole matrix 2 shows the Koller recording 4th a pull rod 14th on. The pull rod 14th is like in the 1 (a) and 1 (b) can be seen particularly clearly in the axial areas, which in the axial direction with the disk-like attachments 6th of the cylinder section 5 coincide, each with three axially oriented wedge attachments 15th Mistake. Overall, the pull rod has 14th thus six wedge attachments 15th . The wedge attachments 15th are at equal angular intervals over the outer surface of the tie rod 14th distributed, the angular distance is thus about 120 °. The wedge attachments 15th can be connected to each other and via a thread (not shown) on the pull rod 14th be screwed on. This has the advantage that both the axial position and the radial position of the wedge attachments 15th is designed to be variable.

The wedge surface of the wedge heels 15th is form-fitting with the associated inclined end face 10 the axle bracket 9 arranged.

On the section of the pull rod 14th , which is outside the perforated matrix 2 is arranged, is the tie rod 14th with a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 16 so connected that the hydraulic cylinder 16 the pull rod 14th can move in both axial directions. The hydraulic cylinder 16 is only shown schematically.

The disk-like attachments 6th the panic recording 4th are additionally with scrapers 17th Mistake. The scraper 17th are via radial connecting rods with the beveled outer surfaces 18th the disk-like attachments 6th connected. The beveled outer surfaces 18th on which the scraper 17th are attached, are offset by an angle of about 60 ° to the beveled lateral surfaces 8th into which the radial holes 7th are introduced, arranged. The scraper 17th support the pelletizing process by removing the material to be pelleted from the inner surface 3 the perforation matrix 2 is scraped off and then from the pan grinders 13 through the holes (not shown) in the perforated die 2 to be pressed.

The 1 and 2 show the pellet press 1 with the panache 4th in a state in which the distance between the inner lateral surface 3 to the outer jacket surface 19th the Koller 13 defined roller gap 20th is maximum. The pull rod is in this state 14th in a position in which the wedge attachments 15th are positioned such that a form-fitting connection between the inclined end face 10 the axle bracket 9 and the wedge surface of the wedge attachments 15th in the flattest area of the wedge attachments 15th given is. The axle bracket 9 is furthest into the radial bore in this state 7th introduced so that the Koller axes 12 the Koller 13 a minimum distance to the axis of the hole matrix 2 have, hence the pan gullet 20th is maximum. The piston is in this state 21st of the hydraulic cylinder 16 extended to the maximum.

In the 3 and 4th In contrast, a state of the pelletizing press is shown in which the muller gap 20th is minimal. To the pellet press 1 using the roller adjusting device according to the invention from the in the 1 and 2 shown condition with maximum roller gap in the in the 3 and 4th To transfer the condition shown with a minimal roller gap, is done with the help of the hydraulic cylinder 16 The piston 21st in the cylinder 16 retracted. This causes the pull rod to move 14th axially out of the hole matrix 2 out. This will also put the on the drawbar 14th attached wedge attachments 15th moved in the same direction. Due to the between the inclined end faces 10 the axle mounts 9 and the wedge surfaces of the wedge attachments 15th the existing form fit is the tensile force of the hydraulic cylinder acting in the axial direction 16 into a thrust force acting outward in the radial direction on the axle mounts 9 translated. The axle mounts 9 thus move within the radial bores 7th outward. As a result, the in the axial holes 11 the axle mounts 9 mounted Koller axles 12 also moved radially outward. However, this reduces the roller gap 20th between the inner lateral surface 3 the perforation matrix 2 and the outer surface 19th the Koller 13 .

A displacement and / or position measurement of the pull rod is not shown in the figures 14th . Using the distance and / or position measurement of the drawbar 14th can be easily done because it is outside the perforation matrix 2 , the roller gap 20th measure up. For measuring the roller gap 20th based on the position measurement of the drawbar 14th becomes a conversion function between axial positions of the tie rod 14th and radial pan gaps 20th determined. In the simplest case, the conversion function is a constant factor. These calculations can be carried out in a programmable logic controller (PLC).

Blocking of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder is also not shown in the figures 16 , which makes it possible to create a given roller gap 20th to keep.

Whereas in the exemplary embodiment described with reference to the figures three pan rollers are provided, the pan adjustment device according to the invention can equally be used for pellet presses with a different number of pan pan. In particular, the system can also be used for a two-roller system.

Based on the figures, there is thus a preferred exemplary embodiment of an adjusting device according to the invention for varying the radial distance 20th at least one panache 13 relative to an inner lateral surface 3 a perforated die 2 in a pellet press 1 proposed, which has a particularly simple structure and a measurement of the pan gap 20th made possible in a particularly simple way.

List of reference symbols

1

Pellet press

2

Perforation die

3

Inner jacket surface

4th

Koller recording

5

Cylinder section

6th

disk-like attachments

7th

radial bore

8th

beveled outer surface

9

Axle bracket

10

sloping end face

11

axial bore

12

Koller axis

13

Rage

14th

pull bar

15th

Wedge attachment

16

Hydraulic cylinder

17th

scraper

18th

beveled outer surface

19th

Outer jacket surface

20th

Kollerspalt

21st

piston

Claims (14)

Adjusting device for varying the radial distance (20) of at least one pan (13) relative to an inner lateral surface (3) of a perforated die (2) in a pelletizing press (1), with a receiving device (4) for receiving at least one pan (13) such that the pan (13) can be displaced radially relative to a perforated die (2), and radial thrust means (10, 15, 9) for the radial displacement of a pan (13) within the receiving device (4), the radial thrust means (10, 15, 9 ) have at least one axial drive element (14), at least one radial output element (9) which can be brought into operative connection with a pan (13) and transmission means (15) for transmitting an axial force acting on the axial drive element (14) to the radial output element (9) , wherein the output element (9) is designed as a holding device (9) for, preferably rotatable, mounting of the pan (13), characterized in that the receiving device (4) at least one en essentially solid disk-like attachment (6) in which at least one radial bore (7) is introduced, the holding device (9) with a piston-like section (10) being arranged radially displaceably within the radial bore (7). Adjusting device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the transmission means are designed as thrust gears (14, 15, 9). Adjusting device according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that a form-fit connection (10, 15) is formed between the drive element (14) and the output element (9). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transmission means are designed as a cross section of the drive element which varies in the axial direction and is in operative connection with the output element (9). Adjusting device according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the cross section of the drive element (14, 15) is designed monotonously, preferably linearly, increasingly in the axial direction. Adjusting device according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the drive element (14) has at least one axially aligned wedge element (15) which is in operative connection with the output element (9). Adjusting device according to one of the Claims 4 to 6th , characterized in that the drive element (14) has at least one axially aligned conical element which is in operative connection with the output element (9). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive element is designed as a rod (14) which protrudes axially beyond the perforated die (2) when the adjusting device cooperates as intended with a perforated die (2). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that drive means (16, 21) are provided for generating an axial force on the drive element (14). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (16, 21) have a, preferably double-acting, hydraulic cylinder (16). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means are provided for measuring the position of the axial drive element. Adjusting device according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the means for Position measurement in a state in which the adjustment device cooperates with a perforated die (2) as intended and can be arranged axially outside the perforated die (2). Adjusting device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that means are provided for blocking the drive element (14) in an axial position. Pelletizing press (1) with a perforated die (2) and at least one radially displaceable pan roller (13), characterized in that it has an adjusting device according to one of the Claims 1 to 13 having.

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