DE102007053915B4 - A process for the preparation of at least two-ply tissue as well as tissue produced by this process - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method, by which a woven fabric having at least two layers in some regions can be produced in a continuous weaving process. The invention further relates to a woven fabric having two layers at least in some regions produced by said method, and to uses of such a woven fabric.

Description

The The invention relates to a method with which a certain area at least two-ply fabric in a coherent weaving process can be produced. About that In addition, the invention also relates to a formed by the method at least in some areas two-ply tissue and uses of a such tissue.

When Prior art is known to be used on jacquard looms two multi-layered warp beams Produce tissue, in principle, in some areas together unattached, that is Completely detached from each other Fabric layers can be formed.

Furthermore It is known to produce fabrics from yarns that have a certain inherent elasticity to have. The overall fabric produced will be in its compliance then by the inherent elasticity the yarns with which it is made.

When Further state of the art are highly elastic yarns known allow an elongation of several 100 percent, for example polyester / Lycra Yarns, but usually for a weaving process is considered inappropriate.

The DE 101 15 891 A1 describes a process for weaving single and / or multi-ply fabrics wherein warp yarns supplied from at least two warp beams are woven on a jacquard machine and wherein the warp beams are stocked with different warp yarn materials. Furthermore, it describes that, depending on requirements, warp threads of different strength, texture, elasticity, fineness or material quality can be used in the two or more layers. It is also the use of elastic warp threads on a warp beam and inelastic warp threads on another warp beam conceivable.

The DE 10 2004 029 793 A1 describes a woven on a jacquard fabric with at least one pocket, which is formed by two layers of fabric, wherein the fabric is suitable as a reference for a wall area in the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle or for a backrest, for example, a front vehicle seat. At least during production, the bag is initially closed on all sides. The warp and weft threads of the fabric and the upper and lower fabric layers are each formed, for example, of an elastic thread. Deviating from the warp and / or weft threads can not be formed or only partially elastic.

Of the Invention is based on the object of initially specifying a method with which a tissue can be produced, the regionally at least is two-ply, that is has two non-contiguous fabric layers, and in the in some areas single-layer, partially at least two-ply tissue areas can be formed the completely unyielding, partially compliant or very forgiving, so one such tissue for a wide variety of uses can be used. In particular, should a fabric that is particularly suitable for sitting or lying areas well suited and forms pleasant sitting or lying characteristics. The Tissue should be able to withstand high loads and in different areas Requirements, such as weight loads, sinking depths and be adjustable.

These Task is by a method with the combination of features of claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of the method emerge from the dependent claims 2-13. The requirements 14-22 refer to a fabric produced by the method, claims 23-31 different, particularly advantageous uses produced by the process according to claims 1-13 Tissue.

• • Zunächst wird eine Jacquard-Webmaschine mit wenigstens zwei Kettbäumen zur Verfügung gestellt, sodann wird einer der beiden Kettbäume mit einem ersten Garn bewickelt, das im wesentlichen unelastisch ist. Unelastische Garne haben nach der Erfindung im wesentlichen eine Dehnung von maximal 35–40% und können beispielsweise vollständig aus Polyacryl gebildet sein. Es kommen aber auch andere Garne aus anderen Materialien in Frage.
• • Der zweite Kettbaum wird bereichsweise mit einem im wesentlichen unelastischen Garn entsprechend der vorstehenden Definition bewickelt und bereichsweise mit einem Garn, das gegenüber dem ersten Garn eine deutlich höhere Elastizität aufweist, mit anderen Worten um wenigstens 100% seiner Grundlänge dehnbar ist.
• • Sodann werden zwei Schußfäden vorgesehen. Wobei ein Schußfaden im wesentlichen unelastisch ist (im Sinne der vorstehenden Definition „unelastisch”) und der andere Schußfaden gegenüber dem ersten Schußfaden eine hohe Elastizität aufweist, beispielsweise ein Faden wie er oben als im wesentlichen hochelastisch definiert ist.
• • Diese Schußfäden werden in die durch die von den Kettbäumen ablaufenden Kettfäden gebildeten Webfächer derart eingeschossen, daß das sich bildende, wenigstens doppellagige oder mehrlagige Gewebe mit seinen Gewebelagen bereichsweise vollständig aneinander anbindet, bereichsweise nur teilweise aneinander angebunden ist und bereichsweise überhaupt nicht aneinander angebunden ist sowie in wenigstens einem Abschnitt des Gewebes eine Gewebeschicht aus unelastischen Fäden gemäß vorstehender Definition und eine darüber oder darunter liegende Gewebeschicht aus hochelastischen Fäden gebildet ist, wobei die beiden nicht miteinander verbundenen Gewebeschichten randseitig in miteinander verbundene Gewebeschichten übergehen.

The process for the production of a fabric, at least two-ply fabric according to claim 1 proceeds in a coherent weaving process and is characterized by the following process steps:

• • First, a jacquard loom with at least two warp beams is provided, then one of the two warp beams is wound with a first yarn which is substantially inelastic. Inelastic yarns according to the invention essentially have an elongation of at most 35-40% and may for example be formed entirely from polyacrylic. But there are also other yarns from other materials in question.
• The second warp beam is partially wound with a substantially inelastic yarn according to the above definition and partially stretchable with a yarn that has a significantly higher elasticity than the first yarn, in other words by at least 100% of its basic length is stretchable.
• • Then two wefts are provided. Wherein a weft thread is substantially inelastic (as defined above "inelastic") and the other weft thread has a high elasticity with respect to the first weft thread, for example a thread as defined above as being substantially highly elastic.
• These weft threads are injected into the sheds formed by the warp threads running off from the warp threads in such a way that the forming, at least double-layered, or multi-layer fabric with its layers of fabric partially adjacent to each other partially, partially connected to each other and partially not connected to each other and in at least a portion of the fabric, a fabric layer of inelastic threads according to the above definition and an overlying or underlying fabric layer of highly elastic threads is formed , wherein the two non-interconnected fabric layers merge at the edge into interconnected fabric layers.

One Such fabric is suitable, for example, in the flat clamped Condition to form an elastically yielding middle fabric layer, the margins in less yielding or successively non-yielding Tissue areas passes and arranged under a quasi-non-compliant "collecting tissue" is. This gets such a tissue - if it is for example is used as a seat element - a very advantageous single-seat behavior, that is, a user is through the elastic layer intercepted resiliently and sits at full load supported by the tissue through the inelastic tissue layer, which is at a short distance below the stretched elastic fabric layer as it forms a "collection bag".

One Such progressive insertion behavior is usually only by Upholstery materials, in particular to achieve foams. In particular, then when such foams are transported or stored Need to become, have to be high Volumes are used, as in particular foamed oil products, but also others Upholstery materials normally only in relaxed, d. H. voluminous condition can be transported and stored. By the invention is it now possible, flat Tissues that have a similar Upholstery behavior as upholstery materials ensure, with greatly reduced Space requirements to transport and store.

The Connecting the different layers of fabric together can be more or less strong, d. H. For example, only one in five or tenth warp thread into a weft of the below or above lying fabric layers are involved, resulting in a state of relatively low attachment leads. A state of relatively strong attachment is achieved by the Warp threads one Fabric layer included in every other shot of the other fabric layer are what drives a very strong hitch. This can be done be that only every second warp of a fabric layer into the other fabric layer is pulled up, or that the warp Both fabric layers mutually up or in the other fabric layer be pulled down, resulting in an extremely strong connection.

In Further development of the invention is provided that in at least one section of the fabric a fabric layer exclusively of elastic threads and one about it lying tissue layer formed solely of inelastic threads is, wherein the two layers of fabric edge in each other connected, formed from elastic and inelastic threads mixed tissue layers. A fabric made by this process is thus in a preferably central region of a completely inelastic Fabric layer, which in the case of using the fabric as a seat or support element the Sinking depth of a stored body or object determined and one completely elastic fabric layer, which is stretched over it as an "elastic element" is. The tension in the elastic fabric layer will cause the inelastic Fabric layer that is arranged underneath or above something from the elastic fabric layer bulges and, for example, like a "catch bag" under the elastic fabric layer hangs.

The claims 3, 4 and 5 provide in a particularly advantageous manner that graduated Fabric layers are provided with different connection, the embrace the two separate fabric layers. The claims 6-9 relate different combinations of elastic or inelastic Chains and elastic or inelastic shots. This can be completely specifically build tissue layers and tissue areas by the designer the fabric in terms of their elasticity with a wide range of variation can be adjusted. Tissues produced in this way can be used in many different ways Insert areas, for which reference is made to the following method claims.

The claims 10-12 relate to the construction of a fabric with at least three layers of fabric and the different connections of the fabric layers formed. The claims 14-22 refer to fabrics which can be prepared by the process according to claims 1-13, which Claims 20-31 relate particularly advantageous uses.

To belong to the uses in particular areas of use, which relate to seating and lying areas. In the field of use of sitting and lying arise with such multi-layered and structured in a special way tissues completely New opportunities. For example, car seats or very light aircraft seats produce with a very good seating comfort, with cushioning materials and in the edge area of seats arranged springs can be saved.

at Use the tissues as seating surfaces For example, elastic body zone areas in the seats einweb, so that one very pleasant progressive sitting behavior is achieved. For Auflagerung of sick or injured, the tissues are also in particularly advantageous manner. For example, sick beds can be very made flat and stored on each other when not in use, so that to For example, in the event of a disaster, a large number of "padded" sickbeds (but without upholstery elements) from a storage location to a disaster site can be transported and this with very low volume and weight. Basically exists also the possibility the intermediate area between an inelastic and an elastic Tissue layer with a so-called vacuum bag to fill in the grained Filled in material is. For example, if a patient has a spinal injury such a lying surface is applied, the contours of a body are in the elastic range of the tissue. By subsequent Evacuation of the vacuum bag fits the grainy bulk material the contour shape of the body and becomes fixed so that between the two layers of tissue as it were a solid storage tray to transport a spine injury arises, which spans from the elastically yielding fabric layer becomes.

Especially can be advantageous the multi-layer fabric produced by the process also as medical support corsets, as wall covering elements, as outer skin of airbags, as transport covers and The same can be used, whenever under one stretched elastic surface or location another location should be present, which is a maximum Indentation depth or bulge to define the elastic layer.

In many areas, especially in the area of sick and injured storage It may be advantageous to cover the tissue with a silver iodide-containing Layer, d. H. germicidal equip, this is possible everywhere where the tissue is either directly to the skin of a patient or injured person in contact comes or is touched by many people.

The Invention is based on advantageous embodiments in the drawing figures explained in more detail. These demonstrate:

1 a schematic representation of a Jacquard loom on which the inventive method can be performed;

1a + 1b show an upper and a lower warp beam;

• a) unverbunden sind,
• b) wenig Anhängung haben,
• c) mehr Anhängung haben,
• d) mit fester Anhängung verbunden sind,
• e) mit sehr fester Anhängung verbunden sind;

2 a longitudinal section, a two-ply tissue, wherein from top to bottom the two fabric layers shown

• a) are unconnected
• b) have little attachment,
• c) have more attachment,
• d) are connected with fixed attachment,
• e) are associated with very strong attachment;

• a) die drei Gewebelagen unverbunden sind,
• b) mit wenig Anhängung verbunden sind,
• c) mit fester Anhängung verbunden sind;

3 a longitudinal section through a three-ply tissue, wherein

• a) the three layers of fabric are unconnected,
• b) are associated with little attachment,
• c) are connected with fixed attachment;

4 a plan view of a portion of a fabric web with zones of different attachment and elasticity;

4a shows a sectional view of a tissue;

5 a plan view of a fabric web also with outwardly increasing connection;

6 a plan view of a fabric web of a third embodiment, in which elongated stiffening elements can be introduced.

First, on drawing figure 1 Referenced. The jacquard weaving machine shown there only schematically 1 has two warp beams 2 . 3 on which warp threads 4 . 5 in the shot area 6 enter the jacquard weaving machine and there through the harness 7 be raised and lowered to form sheds. In the sheds weft threads are entered, which in the representation according to 1 not to be seen.

The forming tissue 8th runs after entry of the weft threads and compaction on the left side of the jacquard loom 1 out and gets onto a goods tree 9 rolled up. In 1a the lower warp beam is shown, with the lower warp beam 3 is wound over its entire width exclusively with inelastic warp threads.

The in 1b represented upper warp beam 2 , which forms the chain I, is partially with inelastic warp threads 4 ' and partially with elastic warp threads 4 '' wound. Also as weft threads inelastic and elastic weft threads are provided, which will be discussed below.

The following is on drawing figure 2 Referenced. There, a two-ply fabric is shown in different attachments. It form an upper fabric layer 20 and a lower one fabric layer 21 out. The upper fabric layer 20 consists exclusively of elastic warp threads 4 '' and elastic wefts 10 ,

The lower fabric layer 21 consists exclusively of non-elastic warp threads 4 ' and 5 as well as non-elastic weft threads 11 ,

In the tissue with little attachment according to 2 B it can be seen that z. B. after every eighth shot a warp thread 5 from the lower fabric layer 21 in the upper fabric layer 20 is pulled up and is involved there by the elastic weft. Of course, it is equally possible from the upper fabric layer 20 an elastic warp thread 4 '' or an inelastic warp thread 4 ' or both to pull down and tie into the lower inelastic shot.

In the two-ply fabric according to 2c a reinforced attachment is achieved in that the attachment of a lower warp thread 5 after every fourth shot, in the embodiment according to 2d Attach the warp thread 5 in the shot 10 the upper fabric layer 20 after every second shot.

A very tight fitting according to 2e is achieved in that alternately with each shot upper and lower warp threads are involved in each case in the other fabric layer.

At the in 3 illustrated three-ply fabric is exemplified that all three layers of fabric according to 3a can be unconnected. The top fabric layer 30 consists exclusively of elastic warp threads 4 '' , the middle and lower fabric layer 31 . 32 has only inelastic warp threads 4 ' . 5 on. Into the upper and middle fabric layer 30 respectively. 31 are elastic wefts 10 registered, in the lower fabric layer exclusively inelastic wefts. This forms three layers of fabric 30 . 31 . 32 with different elasticities.

In 3b and c is now shown, such as the three layers of fabric 30 . 31 . 32 can be attached to each other. at 3b are only the fabric layers 30 and 31 thereby attached to each other that a non-elastic warp thread 4 ' in the elastic weft threads 10 the top fabric layer 30 is integrated, the lower fabric layer 32 is from the two fabric layers 30 and 31 detached. According to the embodiment 3c are all three layers of fabric 30 . 31 . 32 connected by the fact that from the respective lower fabric layer in an overlying fabric layer, a warp thread is incorporated into the respective weft threads.

At the in 4 illustrated embodiment is shown schematically how a tissue 40 can train with different zones with different elasticity. The tissue 40 in the direction of the arrow 41 from the loom 1 runs out, for example, in two adjacent areas 40a and 40b split, wherein in the embodiment, the areas 40a and 40b are identical. It is of course equally possible to weave different structures of completely different elasticity and training on the two sides of the forming fabric web.

A centrally arranged area 42 is completely formed two layers, ie in him are according to sectional view in 4a the fabric layers 20 and 21 (assuming a two-layer fabric) separated, ie it exists in the area 42 no connection of the two fabric layers 20 . 21 , In the area 43 who is the area 42 surrounds, there is a zone with relatively little attachment according to 2 B , in the area 44 For example, a zone with more attachment according to 2c to be woven and in the area 45 a zone with fixed attachment according to 2d , The border area 46 can with very strong attachment, for example, according to 2e getting produced.

It is expressly pointed out that the zones of different connectivity and elasticity can of course also be arranged entirely differently within the fabric web. It can not just two adjacent areas 40a and 40b be formed, just as well, only a tissue area or far more than two tissue areas can be arranged differently adjacent to each other. Just as well, it is also possible that the zones of different connectivity and elasticity are not lying one inside the other but next to each other, depending on the intended use of the fabric. The embodiment according to 4 can be provided for example for the production of a seat, wherein the area 42 with separately present fabric sheets approximates a buttock area.

At the in 5 illustrated embodiment, it is provided that the elasticity does not decrease in zones to the outside, but from a central area 52 due to increasing connectivity, which is due to the tighter white lines in the area 53 is shown, continuously decreasing, to an edge area 56 in which a very strong connection, for example according to 2e is present.

6 shows that a fabric can be produced, which in the weft direction 61 has continuously increasing outward binding, which darge by the denser white lines is that but in the warp direction 62 adjacent attachment zones can be formed by pocket areas 63 are interrupted in which there is no connection at all. In the pocket areas 63 If necessary, stiffening strips or the like can be used. The central areas 64 for example, are available again without any connection.

Which one Fabric area now made with what connection and elasticity will hang of the purpose, for the tissue is provided from. As noted above, is it is possible Different structures according to the method according to the invention weave in a continuous weaving process, with zones of different types elasticity and connection can be formed. Elastic weft and warp threads can off Polyester or other fibers such as Lycra or elastane or other Elastikmaterialien exist.

For the inelastic Shot- and warp threads vegetable fibers, animal fibers, mineral fibers and Chemical fibers and mixtures thereof. Vegetable fibers in particular his cotton, kapok, linen, hemp, ramie, jute, manila, sisal or coconut, animal fibers can especially wool, mohair, cashmere, alpaca, llama, camel hair, angora and silk, among mineral fibers are especially glass wool, rock wool and to understand metal fibers, using the term man-made fibers Viscose, rayon, modal, acetate, rayon, polyester, polyester fibers Polyacryl, Polyamide, Polypropylene, Trevira CS, Flamex, Kevlar and Yarns with silver components addressed. All the mentioned elastic and inelastic yarns made from appropriate materials or fibers can also mixed with each other in an advantageous manner, d. H. it can Yarns made from mixtures of vegetable and chemical fibers, vegetable and animal fibers, vegetable and mineral fibers, animal and man-made fibers and mineral and man-made fibers.

1

Jacquard loom

2

warp beam

3

warp beam

4

warp

4 '

warp inelastic

4 ''

warp elastic

5

warp

6

firing range

7

weaving harness

8th

forming tissue

9

cloth beam

10

Weft elastic

11

Weft inelastic

20

upper fabric layer

21

lower fabric layer

30

upper fabric layer

31

middle fabric layer

32

lower fabric layer

40

tissue

40a

Area v. 40

40b

Area v. 40

41

arrow

42

central Area

43

Area

44

Area

45

Area

46

border area

52

centrally Area

53

Area

56

border area

61

weft direction

62

warp

63

pocket area

64

Central area

Claims (31)

A process for the production of a fabric, at least two layers in a continuous weaving process, characterized by the following process steps: providing a jacquard or shank weaving machine (US Pat. 1 ) with at least two warp beams ( 2 . 3 ); - winding a warp beam ( 3 ) with a first yarn ( 5 ) that is substantially inelastic; - winding the second warp beam ( 2 ) in regions with a first, substantially inelastic yarn ( 4 ' ) and partially with a yarn ( 4 '' ), compared to the first yarn ( 4 ' ) has a significantly higher elasticity; - Provision of two weft threads ( 10 . 11 ), whereby a weft thread ( 11 ) is substantially inelastic and the other weft ( 10 ) against the first weft thread ( 11 ) has a comparatively high elasticity; - shooting in the weft threads ( 10 . 11 ) into which by the warp beams ( 2 . 3 ) running warp threads formed such that the forming, at least two-ply tissue ( 8th ) with its fabric layers ( 20 . 21 . 30 . 31 . 32 ) partially connected to each other in some areas, partially partially connected to each other and partially not connected to each other, as well as in at least one section ( 42 . 52 . 64 ) of the fabric, a fabric layer of inelastic threads and an overlying fabric layer of elastic threads is formed, wherein the two fabric layers on the edge pass into interconnected fabric layers. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that in at least one section ( 42 . 52 . 64 ) of the tissue ( 8th ) at least one fabric layer ( 20 . 30 ) exclusively of elastic threads and an overlying fabric layer ( 21 . 32 ) is formed exclusively of inelastic threads, wherein the two fabric layers on the edge merge into interconnected, formed from elastic and inelastic threads formed fabric layers. Method according to Claim 2, characterized in that the area ( 42 ) of the at least two-ply fabric without mutual connection of the fabric layers from a first surrounding area ( 43 ) is surrounded, in which the fabric layers are only slightly attached to each other. Method according to claim 3, characterized in that the first surrounding area ( 43 ) from a second surrounding area ( 44 ) is surrounded, in which the at least two fabric layers are more attached to each other compared to the first fabric area. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that around the second surrounding area ( 44 ) more surrounding areas ( 45 . 46 ) are woven, in which the at least two layers of fabric are substantially completely interwoven with each other. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that Fabric layers with elastic chain predominantly woven elastic weft threads are. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that Woven layers with non-elastic chain woven elastic weft threads are. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that Fabric layers with non-elastic chain non-elastic wefts and partially woven elastic weft threads are. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that Connection between a fabric layer with elastic chain and elastic weft and a fabric layer with non-elastic chain is made by non-elastic warp threads, the from the fabric layer with non-elastic chain in the elastic Weft threads of the fabric layer be woven from elastic and elastic weft. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a total of three-layered fabric is produced in which a fabric layer ( 30 ) an elastic chain ( 4 '' ) and elastic shot ( 10 ), another fabric layer ( 31 ) a non-elastic chain ( 4 ' ) and an elastic weft thread ( 10 ) and a third fabric layer ( 32 ) by a non-elastic chain ( 5 ) and a non-elastic weft thread ( 11 ) and the three fabric layers ( 30 . 31 32 ) are connected to one another in different tissue regions with different binding, wherein at least one tissue region ( 42 . 52 . 64 ) is woven in such a way that the fabric layer ( 30 ) with elastic chain and elastic weft thread without connection to the other two fabric layers ( 31 . 32 ) is present. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two other fabric layers ( 31 . 32 ) are connected together with non-elastic chain and the fabric layer ( 30 ) is arranged with elastic chain and elastic weft thread without connection over it. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connection of the at least three fabric layers ( 30 . 31 . 32 ) is made such that a penetration of a lowermost, formed from non-elastic chain and non-elastic weft fabric layer is made in the uppermost, formed of elastic chain and elastic weft fabric layer. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for introducing the elastic weft threads ( 10 ) the jacquard machine ( 1 ) has an elastic weft actively receiving gripper In a coherent weaving formed, at least partially multi-layered tissue ( 8th ), wherein in at least one edge region ( 46 ) the fabric layers ( 20 . 21 . 30 . 31 . 32 ) are connected to each other during the weaving process and in a defined tissue area ( 42 ) the fabric layers ( 20 . 21 . 30 . 31 . 32 ) lie unbonded on top of each other, and a fabric layer ( 20 . 30 ) in the unbound area ( 42 ) substantially entirely of elastic warp ( 4 '' ) and wefts ( 10 ) is formed and one or more underlying or more underlying fabric layer ( 21 . 31 . 32 ) substantially completely of inelastic threads ( 5 . 11 ) is formed. Tissue according to claim 14, characterized in that tissue areas surrounding the unbound tissue layers ( 20 . 21 ) the fabric layers ( 43 . 44 . 45 . 46 ) are interwoven with different connections. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14 or 15, characterized in that it has at least three layers and in the defined tissue region ( 42 ) a first tissue location ( 30 ) completely made of elastic weft ( 10 ) and warp threads ( 4 '' ) is formed, an underlying further fabric layer ( 31 ) is formed from weft and warp threads which are opposite the weft and warp threads of the first fabric layer ( 32 ) have a reduced elasticity and a third underlying fabric layer is formed substantially entirely of comparatively inelastic threads. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-16, characterized in that the elastic weft ( 10 ) and warp threads ( 4 '' ) made of polyester and Lycra. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-17, characterized in that the inelastic weft ( 11 ) and warp threads ( 5 ) consist of polyacrylic. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-18, characterized in that in a woven web of defined width two or more adjacent elastic regions ( 42 ) are woven. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-19, characterized in that the extensibility of the elastic threads ( 10 . 4 '' ) is in a range of 50 to 400%. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-19, characterized in that the extensibility of the elastic threads ( 10 . 4 '' ) is in a range of 150 to 300%. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-21, characterized in that an inner region ( 42 ) as a defined tissue region at least two non-interconnected tissue layers ( 20 . 21 ), wherein a fabric layer ( 21 ) is formed from substantially inelastic weft and warp threads and the overlying or underlying further fabric layer ( 20 ) is formed essentially only of elastic weft and warp threads and the defined inner fabric layer ( 42 . 52 . 64 ) surrounding tissue area ( 43 . 44 . 45 . 46 ) has an outwardly increasing binding of the at least two fabric layers with each other. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims 14-22, characterized in that an outer edge region ( 46 ) of the fabric web exclusively of inelastic warp threads ( 5 ) is formed. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as a upholstered furniture cover. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as in a frame member clamped sitting or lying surface. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as a disability element. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as a medical support corset (support stocking). Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as a wall covering element in the vehicle or aircraft area. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as the outer skin of an airbag. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as a transport cover, wherein between the non-interwoven fabric layers inflatable chambers or a foamable material is arranged. Use of a fabric ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 14-23 as sick-bed storage, wherein a bed of granular material is arranged between the non-interconnected fabric layers in an evacuable envelope.