DE102007035342A1 - Method for producing a sliding layer on a plain bearing component and plain bearing component - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a method for producing a sliding layer on a plain bearing component or a plain bearing component specified that is highly resistant even in aggressive media and ensures trouble-free, low-maintenance or maintenance-free continuous operation with simple installation and with a few items. According to the invention, the method provides that a porous coating (6) is applied to the plain bearing component (2) and that at least a part of the pores (9) is provided with a sliding material (8).

Description

Field of the invention

The Invention is in the field of high-performance plain bearings or their components - in particular sliding bushes and spherical plain bearings - for Application in particularly aggressive or corrosive media. Special Applications include storage in salt water, oil or similar. For the production of such high-performance plain bearings It is conceivable, a sliding fabric with resin impregnation too use that at the respective sliding areas on a corresponding Carrier is glued on. Such a plain bearing leaves expect very good load and lifetime values in dry running. But get media, especially moisture and water on Such sliding surfaces, this leads to a weakening the plain bearing and worst case to its destruction. It is conceivable, this hazard by a seal to meet the camp; However, this would be a significant constructive Effort and maintenance required. That's why such a thing seems Solution at least for plain bearings for use in moist Media or underwater unsatisfactory.

In connection with the underwater storage of a rotor axis in a sewage treatment plant is from the German Utility Model DE 202 13 002 U1 a submerged bearing known, which is open and permeable to water between the bearing bush and journal. In this case, the bearing journal may be formed of solid material and have a high-strength coating applied by flame spraying. These measures serve to counteract the tendency of hollow pegs to deform and to prevent damage to the bearing peg by abrasive particles contained in the flowing-through dirty water. With regard to improving the sliding properties, the DE 202 13 002 U1 do not take any advice.

In front This is an object of the present invention therein, a method for producing a sliding layer on a Specify a plain bearing component or a plain bearing component, the Even in aggressive media is highly resistant and one trouble-free, low-maintenance or maintenance-free continuous operation ensures easy installation and few items.

According to the invention this object by methods having the features of the claim 1 and 2 and by plain bearing components with the features of Claims 12 and 13 solved.

Accordingly, it is provided:
A method of making a sliding layer on a journal bearing component wherein a porous coating is applied to the journal bearing component using a plasma spray method, wherein the coating is formed from a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials.

One Method for producing a sliding layer on a plain bearing component, in which applied to the plain bearing component, a porous coating is and at least a part of the pores of the coating with a sliding material is provided.

A Plain bearing component, to which one by a plasma spraying process produced porous coating of a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials is applied.

A Bearing component on which a porous coating is applied, wherein to form a sliding surface at least a part of the pores of the coating a sliding material receives.

With the inventive method or the invention Bearing components become the functionality and reliability or reliability of the warehouse increased significantly by a largely media-resistant slide bearing with simple means is made available. Through the porous Layer on the plain bearing component becomes practically a reservoir formed, filled with use optimized sliding materials or can be soaked. The sliding materials are depending on Operating situation finely dosed and delivered only when needed. A Another possibility is the application of a spray coating which contains both support material and lubricant. In this case, then it is a largely dense layer, the supporting and lubricating components next to each other contains.

One Another advantage of the invention is that for sliding lubrication no complex, maintenance-intensive additional Measures or systems must be provided. Therefore, one with an inventive Bearing component equipped system even under difficult or hardly accessible conditions of use long-term stable and operated maintenance-free. Another advantage of the invention is that they can be used without additional, individual handling Components manages. The optimization of the sliding properties takes place rather, by an integral part with the journal bearing component forming area, namely the respective coating area. The thickness of the porous coating can be as required and bearing dimensioning preferably between 0.05 mm and 1 mm.

A particular advantage of the invention In addition, the method consists in that in principle any three-dimensional geometries of plain bearing components can be significantly improved in their sliding properties.

there it is particularly advantageous if the coating of a metallic Material, such as bronze or aluminum-bronze exists. alternative is also a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials preferred for the preparation of the coating, for example a bronze / graphite or a bronze / ceramic / graphite composition.

Further The coating is preferably by means of plasma spraying (also Plasma Spraying called) applied. A special advantage of the plasma spraying process is that, depending on the spray angle - so that is in Frame of the present invention, the between the injection direction (Longitudinal axis of the spray jet) and the surface meant the sliding bearing component included angles (please this Have the definition checked by the inventor) - different Pore sizes and thus different porous Coatings can be realized. As practical Spraying angles between 20 ° and 90 °. The fineness of the coating or the Pores with increasing spray angle (please check these statements).

Especially Preferably, a part of the pores of the coating is open, so that these pores subsequently from the sliding material especially good and easy to infiltrate.

Prefers The spray angle during the production of the coating varies, whereby over the layer thickness a different Pore size - optimized depending on the application - realized can be.

A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the sliding material formed from a mixture of graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) becomes. This material mixture has the particularly advantageous property a differentiated takeover of the sliding or Lubricant components in that graphite a particular ensures good lubrication in the presence of media while The PTFE ensures excellent dry running properties of the bearing.

The Application of the sliding material on the plain bearing component or in the pores of the coating can be particularly preferably by spraying or impregnation of the coating. By means of vacuum support can be a particularly intensive penetration or filling the Pores can be effected with sliding material.

Of the Sliding material can only be present in the pores. After a preferred Further development of the invention, the sliding material on it In addition, an additional cover layer on the coating form. Preferably, this cover layer has a thickness of up to 100 μm. The porous coating then serves So far, as a bonding agent layer for the from Sliding material formed sliding coating.

Especially suitable areas of application of an inventive Bearing components are locks, conveyor systems, the Off-shore technology and energy techniques. A complete plain bearing can while forming a sliding bush, for example, an outer ring with a sliding surface produced according to the invention and in spherical bearings of an outer ring with an inventively prepared Sliding surface and an inner ring exist.

The The invention is described below with reference to a drawing and one therein illustrated embodiment further explained. Showing:

1 a first embodiment of a plain bearing component according to the invention;

2 an enlarged cross-section of the sliding bearing component 1 to illustrate a first variant;

3 an enlarged cross-section of the sliding bearing component 1 to illustrate a second variant;

4 an enlarged cross section of a second embodiment of a plain bearing component according to the invention; and

5 - 7 greatly increases the surface profile of a porous coating on a plain bearing component according to the invention 1 ,

Same Elements are in all figures with the same reference numerals Mistake.

1 shows as an embodiment of a plain bearing component according to the invention the outer ring 1 a one-piece joint warehouse. The ring body 2 has an outer circumferential surface 3 and an inner circumferential surface 4 on. On the inner surface 4 is a sliding layer 5 has been applied as follows:
First, a porous coating was applied to the inner surface 6 applied by plasma spraying. It is as a material for this coating 6 chosen in this embodiment, an aluminum / copper compound. The coating has a very porous surface 7 into which a slip material 8th is introduced, the pores 9 the coating 6 infiltrated. The sliding material has been sprayed directly onto the coating via a spraying process. This results in the sliding layer 5 consisting of a support or a base layer (porous coating) 6 and the sliding material 8th consists, in the present example of a mixture of graphite 10 and PTFE 11 is formed.

The sliding material 8th is above the surface of the coating 6 out in a thin sliding layer 12 applied up to 100 microns. Thus, the sliding material forms a sliding coating 13 for which the coating 6 insofar also serves as a bonding agent. The sliding material contained in the pores of the coating forms a lubricant depot, which optimally ensures an adequate sliding lubrication depending on the application and special operating conditions. In the dry state, this is predominantly realized by the proportions of PTFE in the sliding material, while in the presence of media (for example water) the reliable lubrication is taken over by the graphite.

The 2 and 3 show enlarged sections of the first embodiment of a plain bearing component according to the invention, as in 1 is shown. The two in 2 and 3 variants shown here differ by the composition of the coating 6 on a substrate 14 the sliding bearing component is applied. In the 2 is the coating exclusively of a metallic material or about a metallic alloy, such. As the above-mentioned aluminum / copper compound is formed. In contrast, in the second variant according to the 3 the coating formed from a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials. The metallic materials can z. B. those of the first variant in 2 while the non-metallic materials z. B. of ceramic or PTFE or graphite can be formed.

4 shows a second embodiment of a plain bearing component according to the invention. In the embodiment in the 4 is on the coating 8th no sliding coating applied, leaving in the pores of the coating 6 no sliding material is provided. It is essential, however, that in this case the coating 6 must be formed of a plasma-sprayed mixture with metallic and non-metallic materials. It has surprisingly been found that even without this sliding material on the coating 8th is applied, a relatively good Notlaufeigenschaft is provided for the plain bearing component, in which case the mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials is substantially within the coating. Furthermore, it is essential that this coating is produced by a plasma spraying process.

5 shows in a large scale by plasma spraying applied porous coatings 6 , The porosity of the coatings can be adjusted via the spray angle α. Preferably, the spray angle can vary over the layer thickness so as to realize a depth-dependent, different porosity within the coating. The layer thickness of the coating can be between 0.05 mm and 1 mm depending on requirements. With the variable porosity of the coating, the sliding properties can be optimally adapted to individual requirements. 5 shows a spray angle of α = 60 °, while 6 a spray angle of α = 45 ° and 7 shows a spray angle of α = 30 °. One recognizes the with increasing spray angle stronger fracture or porosity of the coating.

1

outer ring

2

ring body

3

outer lateral surface

4

inner lateral surface

5

Overlay

6

coating

7

surface

8th

Bearing Material

9

pore

10

graphite

11

PTFE

12

Overlay

13

sliding lining

14

substratum

α

spray angle

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 20213002 U1 [0002, 0002]

Claims (19)

Method for producing a sliding layer on a plain bearing component ( 2 ), in which on the plain bearing component ( 2 ) a porous coating ( 6 ) is applied using a plasma spray method, wherein the coating ( 6 ) is formed from a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials. Method for producing a sliding layer on a plain bearing component ( 2 ), in which on the plain bearing component ( 2 ) a porous coating ( 6 ) is applied and in which at least a part of the pores ( 9 ) of the coating ( 6 ) with a sliding material ( 8th ). Process according to claim 2, wherein the coating ( 6 ) is formed of a metallic material. Process according to claim 2, wherein the coating ( 6 ) is formed from a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials. Method according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the coating ( 6 ) is applied by plasma spraying. Method according to one of claims 1 or 5, wherein in the plasma spraying a spray angle (α) to the surface to be coated ( 4 ) of the plain bearing component is adjusted between 20 ° and 90 °. Method according to claim 6, wherein the spray angle (α) during the application of the coating ( 6 ) is varied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least a part of the pores ( 9 ) is formed open. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding material ( 8th ) is formed from a mixture of graphite and PTFE. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sliding material ( 8th ) on the coating ( 6 ) or the coating ( 6 ) by the sliding material ( 8th ) is impregnated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on the sliding material ( 8th ) an additional cover layer on the coating ( 6 ) is formed. Plain bearing component ( 2 ) to which a porous coating produced by a plasma spraying process ( 6 ) is applied from a mixture of metallic and non-metallic materials. Plain bearing component ( 2 ) to which a porous coating ( 6 ) is applied, wherein at least a part of the pores ( 9 ) of the coating ( 6 ) a sliding material ( 8th ). A plain bearing component according to claim 13, wherein said Coating of a metallic material or of a mixture made of metallic and non-metallic materials. Sliding bearing component according to one of the preceding component-related claims, wherein the pore size of the pores ( 9 ) of the coating ( 6 ) over the layer thickness of the coating ( 6 ) varies. Bearing component according to one of the preceding component-related claims, wherein at least a part of the pores ( 9 ) is open to one side. Bearing component according to one of the preceding component-related claims, wherein the sliding material ( 8th ) contains a mixture of graphite and PTFE. Bearing component according to one of the preceding component-related claims, wherein the sliding material ( 8th ) an additional cover layer on the coating ( 6 ) trains. Sliding bearing component according to one of the preceding component-related claims, wherein the coating ( 6 ) as a carrier for the sliding layer ( 5 ) serves.