DE102007020443B4 - Process for the in-situ deacidification of sulphurous water in a body of water - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for operating a floating in a water reactor device (10) for in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid under anoxic conditions in a sulfuric acid body of a polluted opencast mining lake, said reactor means (10) for deacidification of sulfuric acid an inlet (16) and a drain (20) for the water, and a plurality of juxtaposed reaction spaces (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are provided in a housing of the reactor means (10) which is closed by a lid, wherein in the reaction spaces (4a, 4b, 4c , 4d) are arranged so that a microbial or microbiological treatment of the water takes place on the packing, wherein in at least two reaction chambers, a treatment reaction with the respective reaction space (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) flowing through water is carried out, wherein two reaction spaces (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are arranged such that the water with a vertical court teten flow component through the reaction chambers (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) is passed and the transition from a first reaction space (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) in the subsequent reaction space (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) a flow reversal of the Water passed through the first reaction space, so that the water to be deacidified in the second reaction space (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) flows in a reverse vertical flow direction than in the first reaction space (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d), and wherein after exit of the water from the reactor device, the water is reduced in its acid content, wherein a collecting space (7a, 7b) for the by the treatment of the water in the reaction spaces (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) resulting or formed products and / or solids in the lower part of Reactor device (10) is provided, which are in the lower part of the reactor vessel settling rooms (7a, 7b) for the reaction products and the settling spaces a collecting space for by de n form a treatment process in the corresponding reaction spaces resulting products and / or solids, wherein in the lower region of the reactor vessel (10) a conical space body is arranged, which has outwardly facing inclined surfaces, so that the products and / or solids are discharged to the outside, and wherein in the region of the collecting space (7a, 7b) at least one connection (24) is provided, through which the collected products or solids from the reactor device (10) or the collecting space (7a, 7b) are removed.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a floating in a body of water reactor device for in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid under anoxic conditions in a sulfuric acid body of a polluted open pit mining lake.

It is known that mining activities, such as lignite mining, hard coal mining or ore mining and minerals extraction, create geological strata that disrupt the natural sulfur balance. As a result, lakeshore or mining dumps have emerged in many areas as a result of the extraction of lignite, hard coal, ores and minerals, which from an ecological point of view are highly problematic areas associated with major environmental damage. A basic process of these processes is, for example, the formation of sulfuric acid by biotic or abiotic processes. This results in high-grade environmental problems, since in the Federal Republic of Germany, for example, the expected amount of dissolved or emerging dissolved sulphate in open pit mines or mining dumps is estimated to be at least 3 million tonnes.

The problem of sulphurous lakes per se has long been known, but with causes that are mainly due to a general air pollution. Experiences with rain-soaked soft water lakes are therefore only with great restrictions on the very different geogenic acidified Bergbauseen transferable. Problem solving, such as the large-area liming practiced on these soft-water lakes, is regularly not transferable for geologically acidified opencast mining lakes or mining dumps.

For example, in DE 101 55 760 A1 discloses a method for in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid water, in particular of open pit lakes, in which in a partial water supply of a water supply carriers are arranged in which microorganisms are settled, which initially cause the deacidification of the pool of partial water and then the deacidification of the water supply.

Moreover disclosed DE 44 23 051 A1 a sewage treatment plant for wastewater treatment, wherein the sewage treatment plant has a plurality of reaction chambers, which have in the flow sense sense connected in series zones, a first zone having a biologically inert fixed bed and a second zone (in fluidic sense) a biologically active granules.

Also revealed DE 295 21 085 U1 a fixed-bed bioreactor for the anaerobic treatment of wastewater. In addition, in DE 197 42 734 A1 a plant for anaerobic treatment of organically polluted wastewater described. Furthermore, in EP 0 324 314 A1 discloses a reactor for anaerobic or noxious treatment of liquids, in particular waste water, wherein a provided on the surface with activated carbon carrier body is arranged in the reactor.

From the European patent application EP 1 066 889 A2 an arrangement for in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid and / or sulfuric acid contaminated water is known, this arrangement comprises in a water supply carriers in which microorganisms can settle, with means for the supply of microorganisms are provided in the water supply. By means of this arrangement, it is possible to redevelop large-volume waters, in particular open-pit lakes, on a large scale, in order to secure the water quality in the long term and to avoid creating any new residual products in the type of known treatment.

For the treatment and purification of waters or waters with different ingredients, microbiological or microbial processes are used in addition to mechanical and chemical processes. Microbiological processes generally require long residence times in the reaction space and thus large reactor volumes. To optimize the process, the bacterial strains present in the water are used here. Depending on the method, various nutrients, nutrient amounts or reagents are added at certain points of the procedure.

Typically, acidic open pit mines have a pH that can reach values around pH = 2.5. The SO ₄ content of these lakes is sometimes up to 1,500 mg / l or 1.5 kg / m ³ . The reason for this is the weathering of the pyrite, which was previously in the overburden.

In the biological neutralization or sulfate reduction, sulfate-reducing bacteria are used which are able to extract the oxygen from the sulfate compound. Provided there is enough free dissolved iron in the form of iron (II) in the water, the neutralized pyrite is formed from the liberated sulfur. Provided that a Fe ₂ O ₃ -containing raw material is used as the reagent as a reagent, procedurally, the sulfate reduction is preceded by a microbiological iron reduction.

Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is the, To increase sales performance in the in-situ deacidification of acidic water to perform the neutralization of dissolved in open-pit mines and the like sulfate quickly and effectively, the design effort and especially the operational effort for this should be as low as possible.

This object is achieved by a method for operating a reactor floating in a water reactor device for in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid under anoxic conditions in a sulfuric acid body of a polluted opencast mining lake, the reactor device for deacidification of acidic water an inlet and a drain for the water and a plurality of juxtaposed reaction chambers are provided in a housing of the reactor device, which is closed by a lid, wherein in the reaction spaces packing are arranged so that a microbial or microbiological treatment of the water takes place on the packing, wherein in at least two reaction chambers Treatment reaction is carried out with the water flowing through the respective reaction space, wherein two reaction spaces are arranged such that the water with a vertically directed flow component through the reaction spaces through gels itet is and in the transition from a first reaction space in the subsequent reaction space, a flow reversal of passed through the first reaction space water takes place, so that the deacidified water flows in the second reaction chamber with a reverse vertical flow direction than in the first reaction space, and wherein after the exit of the water from the reactor device the water is reduced in its acid content, wherein a collecting space is provided for the resulting by the treatment of the water in the reaction spaces or resulting products and / or solids in the lower part of the reactor device, wherein in the lower part of the reactor vessel settling spaces for Reaction products are located and the settling spaces form a plenum for the resulting by the treatment process in the corresponding reaction chambers products and / or solids, wherein in the lower part of the reactor vessel to a conical space body is arranged, which has outwardly facing inclined surfaces, so that the products and / or solids are discharged to the outside, and wherein at least one connection is provided in the region of the collecting space through which the collected products or solids from the reactor device or the collecting space become.

Such a reaction device or reactor is used for in-situ deacidification of sulfuric acid water, in particular of open pit lakes. Here, a corresponding treatment for deacidifying the water or a corresponding pretreatment takes place in the reaction chambers of the reactor housing, so that after leaving the water to be treated from the reactor device or from the reactor housing, the water is deacidified or reduced in its acidity.

Characterized in that the reaction chambers are arranged in the horizontal direction next to each other substantially vertically in the reactor housing, the water is through the reaction spaces each with a vertical flow component, i. H. guided from top to bottom or from bottom to top by a respective reaction space within the one reactor housing.

Thus, the water to be treated in the reactor device meandering or looped out through the reactor chambers, wherein the passage of a first reaction space in which, for example, a first sulfate reduction of acidic water, the vertical flow direction of the water is diverted in the opposite vertical flow direction, so that the deacidified water leaving the first reaction space is introduced into the second reaction space with a reverse vertical flow direction. As a result, the water to be treated looped or meandering or meandering is passed between an upper and a lower portion of the reactor, wherein the reaction spaces are vertically flowed through from top to bottom or from bottom to top.

By reversing the vertical flow direction during the transition from one reaction space to the next reaction space, it is achieved in the reactor device that the flow rate through the packed packs is increased and thus the mass transfer is improved. Moreover, this increases the residence time of the water of the reactor device, at the same time an improved flow through the reaction chambers, in which corresponding packing for the treatment of the water are provided, is achieved. By a corresponding geometry of the spatially separated reaction chambers and higher flow velocities of the water can be adjusted, whereby the activities of microorganisms in the reaction chambers can be increased simultaneously.

Preferably, in this case the vertical walls of the reaction spaces are closed, so that the water to be treated is introduced from above or from below into the reaction space.

The reactor device is used as a floating reactor device in waters, etc., so that the reactor device is used for the deacidification of open pit lakes. Farther In a body of water, floating reactor plants or facilities do not require space for the construction and usually also no foundations. In addition, the static loads of floating reactor vessels are lower, which smaller wall thicknesses and thus lower costs are possible.

For this purpose, it is further provided that the reaction spaces are different or the same in their flow-through volume, so that different reaction volumes are available for the respective treatment or reaction process in the respective reactor space.

Furthermore, in one embodiment, it is provided that packing bodies are arranged in the reaction spaces, so that treatment of the contaminated water, particularly microbial or microbiological, takes place or is carried out on the packing bodies. For example, the use of appropriate fillers in the respective reaction spaces, the conversions of the iron reaction or the conversions of the sulfate reaction can be influenced specifically and in each case according to predetermined requirements for the treatment.

In order to guide the water flows vertically from bottom to top or from top to bottom through the reaction spaces, the reaction spaces have a, in particular water-permeable, lower and / or upper, in particular water-permeable, conclusion, in particular the packing between the upper and the lower end the reaction spaces are arranged.

In the reactor device, a collecting space is provided for the products and / or solids produced or produced by the treatment of the water in the reaction spaces, so that, for example, pyrites formed or formed during a deacidification reaction can accumulate in a reaction space in the collecting space and the pyrite-reduced or pyrite-reduced one Water is passed into the next reaction space.

Furthermore, in particular, the collecting space is formed in the bottom region of the reactor device or at the bottom of the reactor device, so that the products or solids collect at the bottom of the reactor device.

For example, to collect the resulting solids or products in a reaction space in a region or at a location in the reactor device, advantageously the collection space has at least one sloped collection surface so that the products and solids are directed to a predetermined collection site.

In particular, it is advantageous if the collecting space is conical or truncated cone-shaped. This results in improved handling in the disposal of the collected solids and silt.

Furthermore, at least one connection is provided in the region of the collecting space, through which the collected products or solids are removed or disposed of from the reactor device or the collecting space. If the collecting space is formed in the lower region of the reactor device, an outlet or a corresponding connection for a pipeline for the discharge of the collected solids, such as. As reaction slurries or the like provided. At the corresponding port, the pipes are arranged so that, for example, the reaction sludge from the lower region of the reactor or the reactor device from the collection area z. B. be removed upwards. For this purpose, the reactor or the reactor device has corresponding lines which are connected to connections in the collecting region of the reactor.

The reactor device has an inlet and a drain for the water to be treated or deacidified, wherein in particular the inlet and the outlet are arranged in the upper region of the reactor device, preferably at the same height. In order to direct the water to be deacidified from an appropriate environment in the reactor, a corresponding pump is also arranged or provided at the inlet of the reactor inlet, so that the water, for. B. from opencast mining lakes, is pumped into a first reaction space.

Preferably, the reactor device is designed as a closed container with lid, wherein the container itself has partitions in the interior, through which the reaction chambers are formed. In particular, two reaction spaces have a common, vertical dividing wall or dividing wall. The reactor device also has spatially separate reactor chambers, which are connected to one another via lines, so that the lower exit region of a first reactor space is connected to the lower inlet space of a subsequent reactor space or the upper exit region of a reactor space to the upper inlet region of a subsequent reactor space.

The formation of the reactor device as a container results in improved handling of the reactor device, since the container has a plurality of reaction chambers, wherein the water to be treated is looped or meandering manner through the reaction chambers vertically.

When forming a closed and floating container, it is possible that the reactor or the container is positioned below the water surface of a body, wherein in the container itself, a treatment or deacidification of the water takes place, even if the water surface iced is.

The reactor device preferably has at least one inlet opening, via which additives and / or reagents and / or nutrients are added to the reaction spaces.

In addition, it is proposed in a preferred development that at least one buoyancy agent and / or at least one positioning means are provided, so that the reactor device can be arranged as a floating reactor device or as a floating container for in situ deacidification of acidic water in an acidic body of water. The positioning means, such as anchors or weights, and other anchoring means serve to place the container at a predetermined location in the water.

The energy required for operation for the operation of the reactor or the reactor vessel can be generated in any desired manner and supplied from the outside, for example, the operation of pumps for the process control or the circuit of the valves in corresponding lines for the cycles of the acidic or of the neutralized water.

It is particularly advantageous if the reactor device has a power generator for providing energy for operating the reactor device and its energy consuming units or for the own use of the reactor device, in which case the energy can be generated for example by solar energy and / or wind power and / or fuel cells , As a result, operation of the reactor vessel is possible without infrastructural measures at the site of the reactor device.

A simplified handling of the reactor device results when, in addition, an operating element, in particular actuatable from the outside, or an operating device mounted externally on the reactor vessel or on the reactor device is provided.

Moreover, it is advantageous if the reactor device has an even number of reaction spaces, wherein in particular a number of four reactor chambers in a container or even more reactor chambers are preferred in order to achieve improved flow through the packing in the reaction chambers.

In particular, the reactor device is used for the remediation of acidic or acidified waters, it being possible that the reactor device or the reactor vessel is arranged as a self-sufficient unit without complex maintenance in a corresponding body of water, so that carried out a corresponding in-situ deacidification of the water can be.

Moreover, it is conceivable in an embodiment that a plurality of closed containers are connected in series, so that the containers are coupled or connected to one another as modules.

The invention will now be described by way of example without limitation of the general inventive concept using an exemplary embodiment in the accompanying drawings, to which reference is expressly made, moreover, with respect to the disclosure of all details of the invention which are not explained in greater detail in the text. Show it:

1 a cross section through a reactor vessel and

2 a plan view of the reactor vessel.

In the following figures, identical or similar elements or corresponding parts are provided with the same reference numerals, so that apart from a respective renewed idea.

In 1 is a schematic cross-section of a reactor vessel 10 shown. The reactor vessel 10 has a housing and is designed as a container with several chambers, with three vertical walls 12a . 12b . 12c the cylindrical total space of the reactor vessel 10 in four separate reaction rooms 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d divide. The vertical walls 12a . 12b . 12c are designed as water-impermeable walls, the 12a . 12c at the top of the reactor vessel 10 are arranged and at a predetermined distance to the bottom of the reactor vessel 10 end up. The middle wall 12b extends from the bottom area of the container 10 upwards and ends at a distance from the lid or to the top of the reactor vessel 10 ,

In 2 is a plan view of the reactor vessel 10 shown, which shows that the walls 12a . 12b . 12c extend over the entire width and are aligned parallel to each other.

In response to the need for residence time to treat water in the reactor vessel 10 become the walls 12a . 12b . 12c arranged so that different reaction volumes of the reaction spaces 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d arise. The reaction chambers 4a-4d are with appropriate packing 15 . 15b . 15c . 15d each filled, the in 1 are shown schematically. According to the desired respective microbiological process, the type of packing becomes 15a . 15b . 15c . 15d adjusted accordingly.

By a chosen arrangement of the walls 12a . 12b . 12c , the volume flow of water in the reactor vessel 10 forced the vertical flow direction through the reaction chambers 4a . 4b . 4c to reverse when passing in the subsequent reactor space. The reactor vessel 10 has on one side at the top of an inlet 16 via which the water to be treated or deacidified in the first reaction chamber 4a is initiated. Preferably, a pump is provided at the inlet.

This is the reactor vessel 10 arranged in a water to be deaerated GW, so that the reactor vessel 10 surrounded by the water of the water body GW. By means of a pump in the inlet 16 Water is taken from the water GW into the first reaction space 4a fed. In this reaction space 4a Preferably, the microbiological process of iron reduction is performed. About an inlet 17 above the reaction space 4a In addition, an iron-containing sediment from drinking water treatment can be added as reagent. That the reaction space 4a supplied water initially flows vertically down through an upper perforated plate 18 that the reaction space 4a closes up. Subsequently, the water passes through the reaction space 4a vertically down through it and laps the filling body 15a in the reaction room 4a ,

The direction of flow of the water in the reaction space 4a is indicated by a downward arrow. Subsequently, the water comes out of the reaction space 4a through a water-permeable perforated plate 19 in the lower part of the reaction space 4a out and is reversed in its flow direction, so that the water in the subsequent reaction chamber 4b vertically from bottom to top flows. This is in 1 with an upward pointing arrow in the reaction chamber 4b indicated.

In the reaction room 4b also finds a treatment of the passing water in an interaction with the packing 15b instead, so after treatment of the water in the reaction chamber 4b the water in the upper part of the reaction space 4b through the perforated plate 18 passes through and in its flow direction is reversed again, so that the water in the subsequent reaction space 4c enters and is directed downwards. After an appropriate reaction with the packing 15c in the reaction room 4c is this from the reaction space 4c exiting water again reversed in its vertical flow direction by 180 °, so that the water entering the subsequent reaction chamber flows upwards. In the upper part of the container 10 is after passage of the water from the reaction space 4d a process 20 provided by the treated or deacidified water is returned to the water GW.

The water to be treated in the reactor vessel 10 becomes loop-shaped or meandering in the reactor vessel 10 by the appropriate arrangement of the vertical walls 12a . 12b 12c vertically from bottom to top and from top to bottom through the reaction walls closed at their sides 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d passed.

Furthermore, the container in the upper region of its lid further openings 21 have over the other nutrients, eg. B. nutrients for sulfate reduction in the reaction space 4b be added. Additional inlets may, in the case of nutrient or iron deficiency in the in situ deacidification of waters, provide further quantities of nutrients into the subsequent reaction spaces 4a to 4d to be dosed.

After passing through all reaction chambers 4a - 4d can the purified water over the drain 20 subtracted from. In 1 Furthermore, the water level WSP of the water body GW is shown schematically. As the number of walls for separation of the reaction spaces increases, so can the flow rate of the water in the reactor vessel 10 and thus the mass transfer to the packing can be increased.

The lower end of the reactor rooms 4a - 4d takes place through the horizontally arranged perforated plate 19 ,

Below the perforated plate 19 are located in the lower part of the reactor vessel 10 settling spaces 7a . 7b for the reaction products or other solids from the respective reaction spaces. The settling rooms 7a . 7b thus form a collecting space for the products resulting from the treatment process in the corresponding reaction spaces, which form a collecting space for the reaction products or solids in the lower area. For this purpose, in the settling space, for example, for reaction slurries in the lower region of the reactor vessel 10 a cone-shaped space body 22 arranged, the outwardly facing inclined surfaces 23 has, so that the depositing solids are discharged to the outside. These are also at the bottom of the inclined surfaces 23 outlets 24 provided so that over the outlets 24 the products, solids or reaction sludge are removed from the tank via appropriately connected lines. For this collection area of the reactor vessel 10 As required, the solid reaction products, essentially the pyrite which has been recovered, are withdrawn continuously or batchwise.

Since the reaction process takes place optimally under anoxic conditions in the case of in situ deacidification of acid-contaminated water, the reactor vessel is 10 closed by a lid, the reactor vessel 10 not completely hermetically sealed, so that the gases, such. As carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), which arise through the taking place in the container (bio) processes, with ongoing operation of the reactor vessel 10 can escape.

The floating position of the reactor vessel 10 on the one hand by suitable buoyancy bodies 27 (see. 2 ), wherein the positioning of the reactor vessel 10 also over ropes 25 to the underlying weights 26 he follows.

How out 2 are apparent outside the reactor vessel 10 four buoyancy bodies 27 arranged to the reactor vessel 10 a stable position in cooperation with those at the bottom of the reactor vessel 10 attached ropes and weights (cf. 1 to give). It is also conceivable, buoyant body additionally or alternatively also in the interior of the reactor vessel 10 to arrange.

Advantageously, the reactor vessel 10 essentially made of plastic, in particular of high density polyethylene.

As the reactor vessel 10 is arranged with its vertically oriented or vertically flow-through reactor chambers in the water, ie, in situ, due to the short transfer paths from a reactor space in the subsequent reactor space, ie due to the short lines for the passage of water, only low delivery heights needed. In order to use the reactor as a self-sufficient unit in inaccessible areas, it is possible to the reactor vessel 10 continue to be provided with energy-generating means, so that the reactor vessel 10 Can only be operated with sun and wind as an energy source.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

4a, 4b, 4c, 4d

reaction chamber

7a, 7b

settling

10

reactor vessel

11

inlet

12a, 12b, 12c

wall

15a, 15c, 15d

packing

16

Intake

17

inlet

18

perforated plate

19

perforated plate

20

procedure

21

opening

22

space bodies

23

area

24

outlet

25

rope

26

Weight

27

buoyancy

GW

waters

WSP

water level

Claims (9)

Method for operating a reactor device floating in a water body ( 10 ) for the in situ deacidification of sulfuric acid under anoxic conditions in a sulfuric acid body of a contaminated opencast mining lake, the reactor device ( 10 ) for the deacidification of sulfuric acid an inlet ( 16 ) and a process ( 20 ) for the water, and a plurality of juxtaposed reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) in a housing of the reactor device ( 10 ), which is closed by a lid, wherein in the reaction chambers ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) Are arranged so that a microbial or microbiological treatment of the water takes place at the packing, wherein in at least two reaction chambers a treatment reaction with the respective reaction space ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) is carried out by passing water, whereby two reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) are arranged such that the water with a vertically directed flow component through the reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) and when passing from a first reaction space ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) in the subsequent reaction space ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) a flow reversal of the water passed through the first reaction space is carried out, so that the water to be deacidified in the second reaction space ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) with a reverse vertical flow direction than in the first reaction space ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ), and wherein after the exit of the water from the reactor device, the water is reduced in its acid content, wherein a collecting space ( 7a . 7b ) for the treatment of water in the reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) or resulting products and / or solids in the lower part of the reactor device ( 10 ) is provided, wherein in the lower part of the reactor vessel settling spaces ( 7a . 7b ) for the reaction products and the settling spaces a collecting space for the products resulting from the treatment process in the corresponding reaction chambers and / or Form solids, wherein in the lower part of the reactor vessel ( 10 ) a cone-shaped space body is arranged, which has outwardly facing inclined surfaces, so that the products and / or solids are discharged to the outside, and wherein in the region of the collecting space ( 7a . 7b ) at least one connection ( 24 ) is provided, through which the collected products or solids from the reactor device ( 10 ) or the collection room ( 7a . 7b ) are removed. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) are different or equal in their flow-through volume. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) a water-permeable lower and / or upper water-permeable closure ( 18 . 19 ), wherein the filling bodies ( 15a . 15b . 15c . 15d ) between the upper and the lower degree ( 18 . 19 ) are arranged. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the feed ( 16 ) and the process ( 20 ) in the upper region of the reactor device ( 10 ) are arranged at the same height. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reactor device ( 10 ) at least one inlet opening ( 17 . 21 ), via the additives and / or reagents and / or nutrients in the reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) are added. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one buoyancy agent ( 27 ) and / or at least one positioning means ( 25 . 26 ) are provided. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the reactor device ( 10 ) a power generator for providing energy for operating the reactor device ( 10 ) having. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an operable from the outside operating element or an operating device is provided. Method for operating a reactor device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the reactor device ( 10 ) an even number of reaction spaces ( 4a . 4b . 4c . 4d ) having.

Images