DE102007027182A1 - Method for regenerating particle filter in exhaust system of internal combustion engine of vehicle, involves sending or receiving data in vehicle by using integrated communication unit of another vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves sending or receiving data in a vehicle (170) by using an integrated communication unit of another vehicle (180). One of the input quantities are used for the model calculation exchange parameter by a direct or local radio communication between two vehicles, which are moved in same direction. A traffic situation for the former vehicle is determined from exchange parameters received in the former vehicle. An independent claim is also included for a control equipment for the execution of the regeneration of a particle filter of an exhaust gas treatment system of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.

Description

State of the art

The The invention relates to a method for the regeneration of a particulate filter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine of a vehicle, which by means of a communication unit integrated in the vehicle data send and / or receive from at least one other vehicle can, and the condition for the launch and execution the regeneration of the particulate filter is determined from a model.

The The invention further relates to a control device for carrying out a regeneration of a particulate filter of an exhaust aftertreatment system an internal combustion engine of a vehicle.

by virtue of currently planned legislation, the particle emissions of a Internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine, before and / or after a particulate filter, such as a diesel particulate filter (DPF) to be monitored while driving. Furthermore, a load forecast of the diesel particulate filter For regeneration control required to high system security reach and use cost-effective filter materials to be able to. Furthermore, a regulation of the combustion properties the internal combustion engine based on the information about the Particle ejection be provided.

particulate Filter However, they have a limited storage capacity for Soot particles on and need to be restored the cleaning effect regenerated at certain intervals become. A control of the regeneration of the particulate filter can either passive or active. A high particle load of the filter leads to an inadmissibly strong Increase in exhaust back pressure.

In simple, actively operated procedures usually become a distance covered or an operating period the internal combustion engine for the implementation of Regeneration of the filter at fixed intervals. This typically happens every 250 to 1000 km. For soot particle filters the regeneration happens by increasing the exhaust gas temperature typically 550 ° C to 650 ° C. This can by measures in the mixture preparation of the engine or done by post-motor measures. It will be there triggered an exothermic reaction, which burns the soot particles causes and within a few minutes (eg 20 minutes) the particle filter regenerated. Disadvantages are the occurring in this phase of operation increased fuel economy and a boosted occurring thermal wear of the particulate filter. Part of the application of a particulate filter system is in particular, Conditions and limits for achieving particle filter regeneration to put.

• • Fahrstrecke, Fahrtdauer, integrale Geschwindigkeitsinformationen
• • Motorzustände, wie Last, Drehzahl, Volumenstrom Abgasrückführungsrate
• • Sensorinformationen, wie Temperaturen im Abgasstrang und/oder am Motor, Drücke, Luftzahl

The prior art is a strategy for initiating regeneration utilizing input information

• • Travel distance, journey time, integral speed information
• • Engine conditions, such as load, speed, volume flow, exhaust gas recirculation rate
• • Sensor information, such as temperatures in the exhaust system and / or engine, pressures, air ratio

Meanwhile, regeneration methods are known in which by means of special particle sensors on the load condition of the particulate filter can be concluded. Such particle sensors are for example in the DE 10133384 A1 described. Particle sensors, however, have a strong cross-sensitivity to external factors such as sensor temperature, exhaust gas temperature or exhaust gas velocity. These variables influence both the deposition of the particles on the sensor and the measured impedance of the sensor, so that resulting misinformation can affect a targeted regeneration of the particulate filter.

• • Besondere Fahrmodi, wie ein reiner Stadtverkehr („Paris-Zyklus"), der mangels Last und Volumenstrom keine Regenerationsbedingungen erreicht
• • Besondere Fahrdynamik, die während einer Regeneration hohe Temperaturen im Partikelfilter freisetzt, durch Übergang in Schub oder Leerlauf, so dass das Sauerstoffangebot erhöht wird
• • Hohe Rußbeladung

More elaborate methods attempt to model a theoretical loading state of the particulate filter, taking into account current operating parameters of the internal combustion engine. By means of model approaches, state variables of the particle filter and the driving situation are determined and evaluated with regard to the convenience and necessity of initiating a regeneration. Critical for a particulate filter can be:

• • Special driving modes, such as pure city traffic ("Paris cycle"), which does not reach regeneration conditions due to lack of load and volume flow
• • Special driving dynamics, which releases high temperatures in the particle filter during a regeneration, by transition into thrust or idle, so that the oxygen supply is increased
• • High soot loading

So far The disadvantage here is the fact that unpredictable traffic influences Traffic situations a just initiated regeneration of Particulate filter is disturbed or even canceled must, so in the worst case not destroyed the particulate filter becomes.

It is therefore an object of the invention, a method for regeneration to provide the particulate filter, which is more or less anticipatory Traffic influences in the regeneration strategy.

It is still the task, a corre sponding ready to provide control device.

Disclosure of the invention

Advantages of the invention

The The object concerning the method is solved by that as one of the input variables for the Model calculation Exchange parameters from a direct and / or local radio communication between the vehicle and at least one another vehicle, which moves in the same direction used being from the exchange parameters received in the vehicle determines an expected traffic situation for the vehicle and thus the condition for the start and / or the implementation the regeneration are controlled.

The the task concerning the control device is solved by the control device communicates with a communication unit stands, with the exchange parameters from a direct and / or local Radio communication between the vehicle and at least one other Vehicle can be sent and / or received.

With The method and the control device can be made of a virtual Image of the expected traffic situation, what is received from the Data can be generated, the optimal time for the Start of regeneration can be determined. A worst case regeneration of the particulate filter can be excluded by the method whereby in particular unacceptably high temperature for sensitive components of the exhaust aftertreatment system by avoidance of fuel cut-off phases or their action in relation to excess oxygen can be avoided, reducing overall system function and their robustness even in applications with others, thermally more sensitive filter materials can be improved.

According to the invention, it is provided that the radio communication is carried out on the basis of GPS and / or GSM / GPRS-based systems, as used for cellular mobile radio networks. As soon as vehicles are equipped with radio modules and antennas, they can exchange data with other vehicles within the radio range, whereby the motion of the vehicles causes the communication partners to change permanently. Such ad hoc radio networks for vehicle-to-vehicle communication are now in numerous publications, such as "Expanding the horizon of driver assistance: Predictive systems through ad-hoc networking" or "Situative IP-based driver information systems: scenarios, routing and prototypical realization "(in each case T. Kosch, BMW Group Research and Technology). A vehicle-to-vehicle communication for the transmission of dangerous situations and initiation of appropriate warning measures and a corresponding telematic device are in EP 0892381 B1 described. The communication system described therein can also be used in principle for a controlled regeneration of the particulate filter by appropriate adaptation.

In a likewise preferred variant of the method may be the radio communication be carried out on the basis of a traffic control system. This offers the advantage that in particular the traffic flow as well the vehicle density constantly monitored and accordingly has been prepared as a virtual traffic situation. When passing one of the particular on federal highways and federal highways dense receiving / transmitting stations can traffic information be transmitted to the vehicle.

Especially at close range, at distances of a few hundred meters, the Radio communication based on a W-LAN system are performed. Such Wi-Fi connections are already in some cities today available and are currently being expanded.

Advantageous In these wireless systems it is a virtual field of vision for the expected traffic situation due to radio cell networking with regard to Its range can be varied. So the range can be clear be enlarged, so that too a communication allows for more distant vehicles and accordingly a more extensive traffic forecast can be realized.

Especially It is advantageous if the communication unit has a GPS transmitting / receiving unit, a GSM / GPRS transceiver, a WLAN transceiver and / or a traffic control system transmitting / receiving unit. There already today the installation of GPS-based navigation devices, where current traffic information is processed can (TMC), more and more belong to the standard as well the increasing integration of GSM / GPRS mobile devices advances in the vehicle, are already appropriate conditions created for it.

A further preferred variant of the method provides that exchange parameters of a directly preceding vehicle are received by means of a proximity control, which is installed in the vehicle. According to the invention, the control device for the regeneration of the particulate filter on the input side signals from the Abstandsre toggle enabled. A cruise control cruise control is a cruise control system that incorporates in cruise control the distance to a preceding vehicle as an additional feedback and manipulated variable. Radar sensors or lidar systems are used for distance measurement or speed determination of the vehicle ahead. Such systems are also established under the names Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) or automatic distance control (ADR) and are for example in the patent DE 19646104 C1 described. From the data obtained, data can also be obtained for an advantageous regeneration strategy.

For a preparation of the virtual traffic situation has become advantageous if, as exchange parameter, the average speed, the number of stops of the vehicle ahead on a given Distance traveled and / or traffic density transmitted or be determined by sensors in the vehicle. With this data can be a fairly detailed image of the expected Determine traffic situation, so that on the basis of this data a effective regeneration strategy for the particulate filter can be derived.

In a simplified but also preferred variant of the method the exchange parameters are data for changing the distance transmitted to the directly preceding vehicle. This is special with the previously described adaptive cruise control (ACC or ADR system) just possible. The advantage here is that relatively Small amounts of data accumulate with little hardware effort the control device for regeneration processable are.

there it can be provided that with the data to change the Distance directly a pilot control of the throttle during the regeneration is affected. This can be a simple scheme the regeneration of the particulate filter can be realized.

The previously described process variants may alternatively or in any combination. This is especially true also for the different radio systems.

Brief description of the drawings

The Invention will be described below with reference to one shown in the figures Embodiment explained in more detail. Show it:

1 an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas purification system,

2 a schematic representation of the data exchange between two vehicles

embodiments the invention

1 schematically shows the technical environment in which the method according to the invention can be applied. In the figure is an example of an internal combustion engine 1 represented, which can be designed as a diesel engine. The internal combustion engine 1 consists of an engine block 40 and a supply air duct 10 that the engine block 40 supplied with combustion air, wherein the amount of air in the supply air duct 10 with a Zuluftmesseinrichtung 20 is determinable. The exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 is guided through an exhaust gas purification system, which as main components an exhaust duct 50 in which in the flow direction of the exhaust gas, an exhaust aftertreatment system 70 is provided, which in the example shown a catalyst 71 and a particle filter 72 having. Further, on the engine block 40 a fuel metering device 30 provided in the form of a diesel injection system, which via a control device 100 is regulated or controlled. The regulation of a working mode of the internal combustion engine 1 can be done based on selected operating parameters.

In similar technical contexts different from those described in 1 illustrated embodiment in the exhaust passage 50 the catalyst 71 be designed as a NO _x storage catalytic converter (NSC), wherein the arrangement of the individual components with respect to the flow direction of the exhaust gas can also be reversed. Furthermore, combinations with an OSC (Oxigen Storage Catalyst), NSC and a DPF are conceivable. Likewise, any mixtures with several components of the same type (eg NSC1, DPF, NSC2, ...) are possible.

Furthermore, in the exhaust duct 50 an exhaust gas probe 60 be provided in the form of a lambda probe and / or a NO _x sensor whose signals of the control device 100 be fed and thus determine the composition of the exhaust gas. The control device 100 is still with the Zuluftmesseinrichtung 20 and determines, based on the data supplied to it, an amount of fuel that is supplied via the fuel metering device 30 the internal combustion engine 1 can be supplied. In addition, an exhaust gas temperature in the field of emission control system, z. B. between the catalyst 71 and the particulate filter 72 , by means of one or more temperature probes 80 be determined.

In front of the catalyst 71 and after the particle filter 72 the exhaust aftertreatment system 70 are in the example shown each pressure sensors 91 . 92 provided, with their signals in a pressure measuring device 90 a differential pressure between on gearbox and outlet of the exhaust aftertreatment system 70 can be characterized.

From the signals of the various probes or measuring devices 60 . 80 . 90 connected to the control device 100 connected as well as from the data of Zuluftmesseinrichtung 20 the mixture can be calculated and the fuel metering device 30 be controlled accordingly for the metered addition of fuel.

To determine the loading condition of the particulate filter 72 is in the embodiment shown within the control device 100 , which is at least part of the higher-level engine control, a diagnostic device 110 provided in the operating characteristics and the signals of the various probes or measuring devices 60 . 80 . 90 be evaluated.

According to the invention, the control device 100 with the diagnostic device 110 via a communication unit 120 with a GPS transceiver 130 and / or a GSM / GPRS transceiver unit 140 and / or a traffic control system transmitting / receiving unit 150 exchange between other vehicles and / or fixed transceiver replacement exchange parameters for the average speed, the number of stops of the vehicle in front on a certain distance and / or the traffic density, ie the number of vehicles in a particular road section , It can also be used Wi-Fi-based transmitting / receiving units that z. B. based on the IEEE standard 802.11, so that transmission ranges up to several hundred meters are possible.

Optionally or alternatively, via the communication unit 120 with a cruise control 160 be connected so that data for changing the distance to the directly preceding vehicle or the speed of the vehicle in front transmitted and these can be taken into account in the regeneration strategy accordingly. Unlike the in 1 variant shown can also directly the controller 100 On the input side, signals from the adaptive cruise control 160 be aufschaltbar. With the data for changing the distance can be influenced in a simple process variant directly a pilot control of the throttle during regeneration.

2 schematically shows a possible data exchange 220 between two vehicles 170 . 180 as it is made possible in the vehicle-to-vehicle communication. The carrier medium can be a GPS signal transmitted via GPS satellites 190 is sent, and / or a GSM / GPRS network 200 , which is used for mobile communications, are used. Another carrier medium is the communication channels of a traffic control system 210 dar. Such traffic control systems 210 are already used today for traffic monitoring on federal motorways, federal highways and in cities.

All of these systems allow data within distances of up to 2 km from a sending vehicle 180 to the receiving vehicle 170 transferred to. In addition, larger distances are possible when the radio cells are linked together.

Alternatively or in combination with the carrier media described above, data may also be taken directly from the preceding vehicle 180 be used. This can be done, for example, with the adaptive cruise control 160 be realized.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10133384 A1 [0007]
• - EP 0892381 B1 [0015]
• - DE 19646104 C1 [0020]

Claims (12)

Process for the regeneration of a particulate filter ( 72 ) in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine ( 1 ) of a vehicle ( 170 ), which by means of a vehicle ( 170 ) integrated communication unit ( 120 ) Data from at least one other vehicle ( 180 ) and the condition for starting and performing the regeneration of the particulate filter ( 72 ) is determined from a model, characterized in that as one of the input variables for the model calculation exchange parameters from a direct and / or local radio communication between the vehicle ( 170 ) and at least one other vehicle ( 180 ), which moves in the same direction, are used, whereby from the in the vehicle ( 170 ) expected exchange situation for the vehicle ( 170 ) and thus the condition for the start and / or the performance of the regeneration are controlled. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the radio communication based on GPS and / or GSM / GPRS-based Systems is performed. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the radio communication based on a traffic control system ( 210 ) is carried out. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the wireless communication is performed on the basis of a W-LAN system becomes. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a virtual field of view for the expected traffic situation due to radio cell networking with regard to its range is varied. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that by means of a distance control ( 160 ), which in the vehicle ( 170 ), replacement parameter of a vehicle traveling directly ahead ( 180 ) are received. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that as exchange parameters the average speed, the number of stops of the preceding vehicle ( 180 ) are transmitted on a certain route and / or traffic density. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that as exchange parameters data for changing the distance to the directly preceding vehicle ( 180 ) or by means of sensors in the vehicle ( 170 ) be determined. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that that with the data for changing the distance directly a Pilot control of the throttle valves during regeneration being affected. Control device ( 100 ) for carrying out a regeneration of a particulate filter ( 72 ) of an exhaust aftertreatment system ( 70 ) an internal combustion engine ( 1 ) of a vehicle ( 170 ), characterized in that the control device ( 100 ) with a communication unit ( 120 ) with the exchange parameters from a direct and / or local radio communication between the vehicle ( 170 ) and at least one other vehicle ( 180 ) are sendable and / or receivable. Control device ( 100 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the communication unit ( 120 ) a GPS transceiver unit ( 130 ), a GSM / GPRS transceiver unit ( 140 ), a WLAN transceiver unit and / or a traffic control system transceiver unit ( 150 ) having. Control device ( 100 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the control device ( 100 ) on the input side signals from an adaptive cruise control ( 160 ) are aufschaltbar.