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DE102007011026A1 - Battery for motor vehicle, particularly hybrid vehicle or gas fuel vehicle, has battery housing, in which battery cells are arranged and active cooling equipment is provided to cool battery cells in housing - Google Patents

Battery for motor vehicle, particularly hybrid vehicle or gas fuel vehicle, has battery housing, in which battery cells are arranged and active cooling equipment is provided to cool battery cells in housing Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102007011026A1
DE102007011026A1 DE200710011026 DE102007011026A DE102007011026A1 DE 102007011026 A1 DE102007011026 A1 DE 102007011026A1 DE 200710011026 DE200710011026 DE 200710011026 DE 102007011026 A DE102007011026 A DE 102007011026A DE 102007011026 A1 DE102007011026 A1 DE 102007011026A1
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Prior art keywords
battery
battery according
housing
cooling
cold trap
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DE200710011026
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German (de)
Inventor
Bernd Dr. Dipl.-Ing. Wegner
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Wegner Bernd Dr De
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Daimler AG
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Priority to DE200710011026 priority Critical patent/DE102007011026A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/651—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations
    • H01M10/652—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by parameters specified by a numeric value or mathematical formula, e.g. ratios, sizes or concentrations characterised by gradients
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/66—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells
    • H01M10/663—Heat-exchange relationships between the cells and other systems, e.g. central heating systems or fuel cells the system being an air-conditioner or an engine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/247—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for portable devices, e.g. mobile phones, computers, hand tools or pacemakers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Algebra (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
  • Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
  • Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The battery has housing (11), in which battery cells are arranged and active cooling equipment is provided to cool the battery cells in the housing. A cooling trap (12) is provided for condensing and dissipating the humidity from the housing. The cooling trap or the battery housing has a condensation area. The cooling trap has a ripped cooling body made up of a metal, particularly aluminum or from a ceramic. The battery is a lithium-ion battery or nickel-metal hybrid battery and a high voltage battery.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft das Problem der Kondenswasserbildung in einer Batterie, insbesondere einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie oder Nickel-Metallhydrid-Batterie, insbesondere einer Fahrzeugbatterie, insbesondere einer Batterie für ein Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb oder ein Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug, insbesondere einer Hochvolt-Batterie.The The invention relates to the problem of condensation in one Battery, in particular a lithium-ion battery or nickel-metal hydride battery, in particular a vehicle battery, in particular a battery for a Hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle, in particular a high-voltage battery.

Nach dem Stand der Technik muss die bei Ladung und Entladung in den Zellen von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien (z. B. für Hybridantriebe oder Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeuge) entstehende Wärme durch eine Kühlung abgeführt werden. Wegen der maximal zulässigen Zelltemperatur von ca. 50°C wird die Kühlung über den Klimakreislauf des Fahrzeugs oder eine spezielle Kühleinrichtung vorgenommen. Dabei kann die Batterie in einem gekühlten Batteriekasten untergebracht sein oder die Zellen in dem Batteriegehäuse werden direkt gekühlt, beispielsweise durch eine an einen Klimakreislauf des Fahrzeugs angeschlossene Kühlplatte, die in dem Batteriegehäuse angeordnet ist.To The state of the art must be that of charge and discharge in the cells Lithium ion batteries (eg for hybrid drives or fuel cell vehicles) resulting heat by cooling dissipated become. Because of the maximum allowable Cell temperature of about 50 ° C is the cooling over the Climate cycle of the vehicle or a special cooling device performed. The battery can be accommodated in a cooled battery box or the cells in the battery case are cooled directly, for example by a connected to an air conditioning circuit of the vehicle Cooling plate, arranged in the battery case is.

Dabei stellt sich das Problem, dass bei der aktiven Kühlung in Batterien, deren Konstruktion in der Regel nicht den Aufbau eines Differenzdruck zwischen Batterie-Innenraum und Umgebung gestattet, z. B. durch die Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzugs, die Temperatur in der Regel niedriger ist, als die Umgebungstemperatur des Fahrzeugs und es im Innenraum der Batterie wegen des für den Druckausgleich erforderlichen Luftaustauschs mit der Außenluft deshalb passieren kann, dass an den gekühlten Oberflächen der Taupunkt des Wassers erreicht wird und es zur Kondensation von Wasserdampf kommen kann. Das flüssige Wasser ist wegen der elektrochemischen Korrosionsgefahr an den spannungsführenden Metallteilen und der eingebauten Elektronik äußert schädlich. Auch der Einbau einer flüssigkeits-undurchlässigen Membran, z. B. eine microporöse Membran aus Polytetrafluoroethylene (Goretex), in die Batteriegehäusewand kann dieses Problem nicht prinzipiell lösen, da auch diese für den in der Umgebungsluft immer enthaltenden Wasserdampf keine ausreichende Barriere darstellt.there poses the problem that when actively cooling in batteries, their construction usually not building a differential pressure between battery interior and environment allows, for. B. by the air conditioning of a motor vehicle, the temperature is usually lower than the ambient temperature of the vehicle and it in the interior of the battery because of the pressure equalization required Air exchange with the outside air Therefore it can happen that on the cooled surfaces of the Dew point of the water is reached and it causes condensation of water vapor can come. The liquid Water is due to the electrochemical risk of corrosion to the live Metal parts and built-in electronics expresses harmful. Also the installation of a liquid-impermeable membrane, z. B. a microporous membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene (Goretex), in the battery case wall can not solve this problem in principle, as well as this for the in the ambient air always containing water vapor is not sufficient Represents barrier.

Bei Batteriegehäusen aus Metallblech in faßförmiger oder zylindrischer Bauweise mit gekrümmten Gehäuseabschnitten bietet es sich an, diese hermetisch zu verschließen und luftdichte elektrische Durchführungen zu verwenden. Der Innenraum müsste dann soweit mit Unterdruck versehen werden, dass bei allen zu erwartenden Umgebungs-Luftdruckverhältnissen über die gesamte Lebensdauer der Batterie sichergestellt ist, dass kein schädlicher Überdruck im Gehäuse auftritt, z. B bei Fahrten mit stark wechselnden Höhen über N. N. Günstig ist es auch, das Gehäuse soweit zu evakuieren, dass der Wärmewiderstand in der Batterie durch den Mangel an Konvektion sehr stark erhöht wird, weil dadurch der ungewollte Wärme- und Kälteeintrag von außen auf die Batterie sehr stark vermindert werden kann, was besonders bei dem Einbau der Batterie im Fahrzeug in der Nähe des Motorraums wichtig ist.at battery enclosures made of sheet metal in barrel-shaped or cylindrical design with curved housing sections It makes sense to hermetically seal these and airtight electrical feedthroughs to use. The interior would have to then be provided so far with negative pressure, that in all to be expected Ambient air pressure conditions over the the entire battery life is ensured that no harmful overpressure in the case occurs, for. B when traveling at strongly changing heights above N. N. Cheap it is also the case so far as to evacuate that thermal resistance in the battery is greatly increased by the lack of convection, because it causes unwanted heat and cold entry from the outside The battery can be greatly reduced, which is especially at It is important to install the battery in the vehicle near the engine compartment.

Bei manchen bekannten Batterien ist ferner trotz der Faß-Form eine Evakuierung wegen der Verwendung nicht luftdichter Gehäusematerialen nicht möglich. Auch führt eine Verwendung eines von der Klimaanlage gekühlten Niedrigtemperatur-Wasserkreislaufs in der Batterie über die dort verwendeten nicht absolut wasserdampfdichten Kunststoff-Kühlerteile zu einem ständigen Eintrag von Wasserdampf in den Batterieinnenraum, der aus der Batterie entfernt werden muß.at some known batteries is also in spite of the barrel shape a Evacuation due to the use of non-airtight housing materials not possible. Also leads use of a low temperature water cycle cooled by the air conditioner in the battery over the non-water vapor-tight plastic radiator parts used there to a permanent one Entry of water vapor into the battery compartment, coming out of the battery must be removed.

Die nach dem Stand der Technik bekannten oder denkbaren Maßnahmen sind somit sehr aufwendig und lösen das Problem der Kondenswasserbildung nicht sicher oder nicht dauerhaft.The known or conceivable measures according to the prior art are thus very expensive and solve the problem of condensation is not safe or not permanent.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Batterie mit einer aktiven Kühlung zu schaffen, bei der das Problem der Kondenswasserbildung im Batteriegehäuse gelöst ist.Of the Invention is based on the object, a battery with an active cooling to create, in which the problem of condensation in the battery case is solved.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Batterie mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung mit zugehörigen Zeichnungen.The The object is achieved by a Battery solved with the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments and further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims and the following description with accompanying drawings.

Eine erfindungsgemäße Batterie mit einem Gehäuse, in dem Batteriezellen angeordnet sind, und mit einer aktiven Kühleinrichtung zum Kühlen der Zellen in dem Gehäuse, weist also die Besonderheit auf, dass sie eine Kühlfalle zum Kondensieren und Abführen von Feuchtigkeit aus dem Gehäuse aufweist.A battery according to the invention with a housing, in which battery cells are arranged, and with an active cooling device for cooling the cells in the housing, So has the peculiarity that they have a cold trap for condensing and lead away of moisture from the case having.

Mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle kann die Korrosion in Batterien durch den Feuchtigkeitsentzug stark vermindert oder verhindert werden.With a cold trap according to the invention The corrosion in batteries can be strong due to the dehumidification be reduced or prevented.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die darin beschriebenen Besonderheiten können einzeln oder in Kombination miteinander eingesetzt werden, um bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung zu schaffen.The Invention will be described below with reference to the figures Embodiment explained in more detail. The features described therein may be used individually or in combination used together to preferred embodiments of To create invention.

Dabei zeigen:there demonstrate:

1 einen Schnitt eines geöffneten fassförmigen Batteriegehäuses einer Hochvolt-Batterie mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle. 1 a section of an open barrel-shaped battery case of a high-voltage battery with a cold trap according to the invention.

2 ein Kühlfallengehäuse einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle. 2 a cold trap housing of an invent According to the invention cold trap.

3 eine Explosionsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle. 3 an exploded view of a cold trap according to the invention.

Die 1 zeigt einen Schnitt eines geöffneten fassförmigen Batteriegehäuses 11 einer Hochvolt-Batterie mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle 12, die mittels eines Kühlwassereinlasses 13 und eines Kühlwasserauslasses 14 an einen Kühlwasserkreislauf eines Kraftfahrzeugs anschließbar ist. Die 2 zeigt ein Kühlfallengehäuse 16 einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle 12 und die 3 eine Explosionsansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Kühlfalle 12.The 1 shows a section of an open barrel-shaped battery case 11 a high-voltage battery with a cold trap according to the invention 12 by means of a cooling water inlet 13 and a cooling water outlet 14 can be connected to a cooling water circuit of a motor vehicle. The 2 shows a cold trap housing 16 a cold trap according to the invention 12 and the 3 an exploded view of a cold trap according to the invention 12 ,

Um ein Aufwölben des Batteriegehäuses 11 bei leichter Druckerhöhung im Batterieinnenraum zu vermeiden, erfolgt der Luftdruckausgleich durch eine definierte kleine Öffnung 15 im Batteriegehäuse 11, an die ein Batterieentlüftungsschlauch angeschlossen ist, der an einer Stelle unterhalb der Batterie an den Fahrzeug-Wasserkasten so angeschlossen ist, dass flüssiges Wasser aus der Batterie zwar abfließen kann, aber nicht aus dem Wasserkasten in die Batterie zurückströmen kann. Im Innenraum der Batterie endet der von außen kommende Entlüftungsschlauch in einer Kühlfalle 12.To bulge the battery case 11 to avoid slight pressure increase in the battery compartment, the air pressure equalization takes place through a defined small opening 15 in the battery case 11 to which a battery breather hose is connected, which is connected to the vehicle water tank at a point below the battery so that liquid water can drain from the battery but can not flow back from the water box into the battery. In the interior of the battery, the vent hose coming from the outside ends in a cold trap 12 ,

Die Kühlfalle 12 besteht in der ausgeführten Form aus einem Peltierelement, das in Betrieb an der warmen Seite in thermischen Kontakt mit dem Kühlwasser der Batterie steht und mit der kalten Seite mit einem verrippten Aluminiumkühlkörper, der sich in dem Kondensationsraum der Kühlfalle befindet. Der Kondensationsraum ist über eine O-Ring-Dichtung hydraulisch von dem Peltierelement getrennt und am unteren Ende hydraulisch mit dem Entlüftungsschlauch verbunden, so dass das vom Kühlkörper abtropfende Kondensat dort nach außen abfließen kann.The cold trap 12 consists in the executed form of a Peltier element, which is in operation on the hot side in thermal contact with the cooling water of the battery and the cold side with a ribbed aluminum heat sink, which is located in the condensation chamber of the cold trap. The condensation chamber is hydraulically separated from the Peltier element via an O-ring seal and connected hydraulically to the vent hose at the lower end, so that the condensate dripping from the heat sink can flow out there to the outside.

In der ausgeführten Form ist der Kondensationsraum aus wärmeisolierenden Kunststoff in liegender zylindrischer Hohlkörper-Geometrie ausgeführt, in der Art, dass sich der Durchmesser des Hohlzylinders zu einer Seite hin stufenweise erweitert. Eine Montage erfolgt von der größeren der beiden Stirnseiten des zunächst beidseitig offenen Kondensationsraums aus durch Einlegen der bevorzugt rotationssymmetrischen Einzelkomponenten in folgender Reihenfolge; dabei liegen die erforderlichen Dichtungsringe in Nuten oder Rundungen am Boden des Zylinders und auf den Stufen der Erweiterungen.In the executed Shape is the condensation chamber made of heat-insulating plastic in horizontal cylindrical hollow body geometry executed, in the way that the diameter of the hollow cylinder to one side gradually expanded. An assembly takes place from the larger of the both ends of the first open on both sides condensation space by inserting the preferred rotationally symmetrical individual components in the following order; while the required sealing rings lie in grooves or curves at the bottom of the cylinder and on the steps of the extensions.

Schritt 1: O-Ring 1 (nicht sichtbar) zur Abdichtung zum Kühlwasserkreislauf in einer Nut am Boden des Zylinders, an dem mittig eine Öffnung mit Verbindung zum Wasserkreislauf ist.Step 1: O-ring 1 (not visible) for sealing to the cooling water circuit in a groove at the bottom of the cylinder, at the center of which there is an opening with connection to the water circuit.

Schritt 2: Kreisförmige Blechscheibe 2 mit guter Wärmeleitung zur hydraulischen Trennung zwischen Kühlwasser und Peltierelement.Step 2: Circular sheet metal disc 2 with good heat conduction for hydraulic separation between cooling water and Peltier element.

Schritt 3: Peltierelement 3 mit Anschlusskabeln, die durch eine Öffnung seitlich aus dem Zylinder herausgeführt werden.Step 3: Peltier element 3 with connecting cables that are led out of the cylinder through an opening at the side.

Schritt 4: Pt1000-Temperaturfühler 4 auf der Oberseite des Peltierelementes zur späteren Funktionskontrolle der Kühlfalle 12. Der Fühler 4 wird mittig auf dem Peltierelement oder dem Kühlkörper aufgesetzt und die Anschlussdrähte werden ebenfalls seitlich aus dem Zylinder herausgeführt. Im ausgeführten Beispiel hat der Kühlkörper eine Nut zur Aufnahme des Temperaturfühlers (nicht sichtbar).Step 4: Pt1000 temperature sensor 4 on top of the Peltier element for later functional check of the cold trap 12 , The feeler 4 is placed centrally on the Peltier element or the heat sink and the connecting wires are also led out laterally out of the cylinder. In the example shown, the heat sink has a groove for receiving the temperature sensor (not visible).

Schritt 5: O-Ring 5 zur Abdichtung des Kondensationsraums von der kalten Seite des Peltierelements, montiert auf einer Flanke der Erweiterung des zylindrischen Hohlkörpers.Step 5: O-ring 5 for sealing the condensation space from the cold side of the Peltier element, mounted on a flank of the extension of the cylindrical hollow body.

Schritt 6: Zylindrischer Kühlkörper 6 mit Dichtungsfläche entsprechend dem eingelegtem O-Ring und hervorstehender einseitig gekühlter Fläche entsprechend der Geometrie des Peltierelements.Step 6: Cylindrical heat sink 6 with sealing surface corresponding to the inserted O-ring and protruding one-sided cooled surface corresponding to the geometry of the Peltier element.

Schritt 7: O-Ring 7 zur Abdichtung des Deckelverschlusses 8 mit Auflage auf den oberen Rand des Kondensationsraumes.Step 7: O-ring 7 for sealing the lid closure 8th with support on the upper edge of the condensation room.

Schritt 8: Deckelverschluss 8 aus wärmeisolierendem Kunststoff, der über ein Außengewinde in den Kondensationsraum verschraubt wird.Step 8: Lid closure 8th made of heat-insulating plastic, which is bolted via an external thread in the condensation chamber.

Der Deckelverschluss 8 enthält bereits mittig eine Öffnung 9, die die Verbindung mit dem Innenraum der Batterie darstellt. Die Öffnung 9 ist über einen integrierten Strahlungsschirm 10 gegen Wärmeeintrag aus dem Batterieinnenraum geschützt.The lid closure 8th already has an opening in the middle 9 which represents the connection with the interior of the battery. The opening 9 is via an integrated radiation shield 10 protected against heat input from the battery interior.

Ebenso sind an der Innenseite des Deckelverschlusses 8 drei halbkugelförmige Erhöhungen integriert (nicht sichtbar), die im montierten Zustand nach Verschraubung des Deckels auf den darunterliegenden Kühlkörper pressen.Likewise, on the inside of the lid closure 8th integrated three hemispherical elevations (not visible), which press in the mounted state after screwing the cover on the underlying heat sink.

Die O-Ringe sind in ihren Schnurdicken so gewählt, dass mit der Montage des Deckelverschlusses 8 alle Dichtungen gleichzeitig axial zum zylindrischen Hohlzylinder elastisch verformt werden. Der Deckelverschluss 8 wird bis zum Anschlag eingeschraubt, der dann erreicht ist, wenn Blechscheibe 2, Peltierelement 3 und Kühlkörper 6 in festem mechanischem und damit auch thermischem Kontakt miteinander verspannt sind. Die halbkugelförmigen Erhöhungen im Deckelverschluss 8 und die Bodenplatte des Deckelverschlusses 8 werden dabei etwas elastisch verformt, so dass im Betrieb der Batterie bei wechselnden Temperaturen und Geometrieänderungen immer eine ausreichende Vorspannung sichergestellt ist.The O-rings are chosen in their line thicknesses so that with the installation of the lid closure 8th All seals are simultaneously deformed elastically to the cylindrical hollow cylinder. The lid closure 8th is screwed in until the stop, which is reached when sheet metal disc 2 , Peltier element 3 and heat sink 6 are clamped together in solid mechanical and thus thermal contact. The hemispherical elevations in the lid closure 8th and the bottom plate of the lid closure 8th are deformed somewhat elastic, so that during operation of the battery at changing temperatures and geometry change always sufficient prestressing is ensured.

Das Peltierelement kann elektrisch über einen Gleichstrom-Spannungswandler direkt mit den Lastausgängen der Batterieschütze verbunden sein, so dass automatisch bei jeder Inbetriebnahme der Batterie bei dem Schließen der Schütze die Kühlung sofort anfängt mit maximaler Leistung zu arbeiten. Eine weitere elektrische Regelung kann, muss aber nicht vorgesehen sein. Das Peltierelement hat dann an der warmen Seite in etwa die Temperatur des Kühlwassers und an der kalten Seite eine sehr viel niedrigere Temperatur, die zur Auskondensation jeglicher Feuchtigkeit am Kühlkörper führt. Dabei arbeitet die Kühlfalle funktionsgemäß bidirektional, d. h. falls von außen Luft in die Batterie strömt wird diese ebenso getrocknet, wie auch die Luft im Innenraum der Batterie, die durch natürliche Konvektion und Wasserdampfdiffusion entsprechend dem Gradienten der relativen Feuchtigkeit bzw. der Temperaturgradienten getrocknet wird.The Peltier element can be electrically over a DC-DC converter directly with the load outputs the battery contactor be connected, so automatically with each use of the battery when closing the shooter the cooling immediately begins to work with maximum power. Another electrical regulation can, but does not have to be. The Peltier element then has the warm side about the temperature of the cooling water and the cold Side a much lower temperature, which leads to condensation any moisture on the heat sink leads. there the cold trap works functionally bidirectional, d. H. if from the outside Air flows into the battery This is also dried, as well as the air in the interior of the Battery by natural Convection and water vapor diffusion according to the gradient dried relative humidity or temperature gradient becomes.

Das Volumen des Kondeansationsraumes ist so gewählt, dass auch bei sehr ungünstigen Betriebsbedingungen, also lange Fahrzeit, geringe Stillstandszeit, hohe Umgebungsluftfeuchtigkeit und Wechsel der Höhe über N. N., genügend Raum für die Aufnahme des Kondensats ist. Dabei ist zu berücksichtigen, dass das Kondensat während des Betriebes der Kühlfalle in der Regel am Kühlkörper gefriert, die Temperatur am Kühlkörper also unter Null Grad Celsius ist. Dabei können Erfahrungswerte aus entsprechenden Dauerversuchen berücksichtigt werden. Gegebenfalls kann es erforderlich sein, durch eine besondere Schaltung das Peltierelement alternierend kurzzeitig abzuschalten, damit das gefrorene Kondensat auftauen und als Flüssigkeit in den Entlüftungsschlauch abfließen kann.The Volume of the condominium is chosen so that even at very unfavorable Operating conditions, ie long travel time, low downtime, high ambient humidity and change in altitude above N.N, sufficient space for the Intake of the condensate is. It should be noted that the condensate while the operation of the cold trap usually freezes on the heat sink, the temperature at the heat sink so below zero degrees Celsius. It can experience from corresponding Duration tests considered become. If necessary, it may be necessary by a special Switching off the Peltier element alternately for a short time, so thaw the frozen condensate and as a liquid in the breather hose flow away can.

11
O-RingO-ring
22
Blechscheibesheet metal disc
33
PeltierelementPeltier element
44
Temperaturfühlertemperature sensor
55
O-RingO-ring
66
Kühlkörperheatsink
77
O-RingO-ring
88th
Deckelverschlußcover lock
99
Öffnungopening
1010
Strahlungsschirmradiation shield
1111
Batteriegehäusebattery case
1212
Kühlfallecold trap
1313
KühlwassereinlassCooling Water Intake
1111
Kühlwasserauslasscooling water outlet
1515
Anschluss Entlüftungsschlauchconnection vent hose
1616
KühlfallengehäuseCooling housing case
1717
Nutgroove
1818
Gewinde für Deckelthread for lids

Claims (20)

Batterie mit einem Gehäuse (11), in dem Batteriezellen angeordnet sind, und mit einer aktiven Kühleinrichtung zum Kühlen der Zellen in dem Gehäuse (11), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Kühlfalle (12) zum Kondensieren und Abführen von Feuchtigkeit aus dem Gehäuse (11) aufweist.Battery with a housing ( 11 ), in which battery cells are arranged, and with an active cooling device for cooling the cells in the housing ( 11 ), characterized in that it comprises a cold trap ( 12 ) for condensing and removing moisture from the housing ( 11 ) having. Batterie nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) oder das Batteriegehäuse (2) einen Kondensationsraum umfasst.Battery according to claim 1, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) or the battery case ( 2 ) comprises a condensation space. Batterie nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kondensationsraum aus wärmeisolierendem Kunststoff in liegender zylindrischer Hohlkörper-Geometrie ausgeführt ist.Battery according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the condensation chamber is made of heat-insulating plastic in horizontal cylindrical hollow body geometry accomplished is. Batterie nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich der Durchmesser des Kondensationsraum zu einer Seite hin stufenweise erweitert.Battery according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized that the diameter of the condensation space to one side gradually expanded. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) ein Peltierelement umfasst.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) comprises a Peltier element. Batterie nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Peltierelement im Betrieb mit der kalten Seite des Kondensationsraums der Kühlfalle (12) thermisch leitend verbunden ist..Battery according to claim 5, characterized in that the Peltier element in operation with the cold side of the condensation space of the cold trap ( 12 ) is connected thermally conductive .. Batterie nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Peltierelement derart angeordnet ist, dass es im Betrieb mit der warmen Seite im thermischen Kontakt mit dem Kühlmittel des Kühlflüssigkeitskreislaufs der Batterie in Verbindung steht.Battery according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized that the Peltier element is arranged such that it is in operation with the warm side in thermal contact with the coolant of the coolant circuit the battery is connected. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriegehäuse (11) im wesentlichen luftdicht ist und für den Luftdruckausgleich eine kleine definierte Öffnung aufweist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery housing ( 11 ) is substantially airtight and has a small defined opening for the air pressure equalization. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) einen verrippten Kühlkörper, vorzugsweise aus einem Metall, insbesondere Aluminium oder aus einer Keramik umfasst.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) comprises a ribbed heat sink, preferably made of a metal, in particular aluminum or of a ceramic. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriegehäuse (11) fassförmig ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery housing ( 11 ) is barrel-shaped. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Batteriegehäuse (11) aus Metall ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery housing ( 11 ) is made of metal. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Zellen in dem Batteriegehäuse (11) in einem Zellverbund angeordnet sind.Battery after one of the previous times claims, characterized in that the cells in the battery housing ( 11 ) are arranged in a cell network. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) durch einen Luftkreislauf kühlbar ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) is cooled by an air circuit. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) durch einen Flüssigkeitskreislauf kühlbar ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) is cooled by a liquid circuit. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlfalle (12) durch eine 2-Phasenkühlung eines verdampfenden Kühlfluids gekühlt ist und zum Anbinden an einen Kühlmittelkreislauf eines Kraftfahrzeugs ausgebildet ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cold trap ( 12 ) is cooled by a 2-phase cooling of an evaporating cooling fluid and is adapted for connection to a coolant circuit of a motor vehicle. Batterie nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelkreislauf ein Kreislauf zum Kühlen eines Fahrgastinnenraums eines Kraftfahrzeugs ist, der einen Kältemittelkreislauf für ein Kältemittel, einen Kältemittelverdichter, ein Expansionsventil mit zugehörigem Verdampfer zum Kühlen des Innenraums und einen Kondensator umfasst.Battery according to the preceding claim, characterized characterized in that the coolant circuit a cycle for cooling a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle, which is a refrigerant circuit for a Refrigerant a refrigerant compressor, an expansion valve with associated evaporator for cooling of the interior and a capacitor. Batterie nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelkreislauf ein von dem Kreislauf zum Kühlen eines Fahrgastinnenraums eines Kraftfahrzeugs separater Kreislauf ist, der einen von der Fahrgastinnenraumklimaanlage unabhängigen Wärmetauscher/Verdampfer und ein zugehöriges Expansionsventil umfasst.Battery according to Claim 16, characterized that the coolant circuit one from the circuit for cooling a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle separate circuit is that independent of the passenger compartment air conditioning heat exchanger / evaporator and an associated one Includes expansion valve. Batterie nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlmittelkreislauf ein Kühlwasserkreislauf ist.Battery according to claim 15, characterized in that that the coolant circuit a cooling water circuit is. Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Lithium-Ionen-Batterie oder Nickel-Metallhydrid-Batterie, insbesondere eine Fahrzeugbatterie, insbesondere eine Batterie für ein Fahrzeug mit Hybridantrieb oder ein Brennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug, insbesondere eine Hochvolt-Batterie ist.Battery according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that it comprises a lithium ion battery or nickel metal hydride battery, in particular a vehicle battery, in particular a battery for a vehicle with hybrid drive or a fuel cell vehicle, in particular a high-voltage battery is. Kraftfahrzeug, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es eine Batterie nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweist.Motor vehicle, characterized in that it has a Battery according to one of the preceding claims.
DE200710011026 2007-03-07 2007-03-07 Battery for motor vehicle, particularly hybrid vehicle or gas fuel vehicle, has battery housing, in which battery cells are arranged and active cooling equipment is provided to cool battery cells in housing Withdrawn DE102007011026A1 (en)

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