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DE102007015079A1 - Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel - Google Patents

Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102007015079A1
DE102007015079A1 DE102007015079A DE102007015079A DE102007015079A1 DE 102007015079 A1 DE102007015079 A1 DE 102007015079A1 DE 102007015079 A DE102007015079 A DE 102007015079A DE 102007015079 A DE102007015079 A DE 102007015079A DE 102007015079 A1 DE102007015079 A1 DE 102007015079A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
sofc
heating
heat
gasification
reforming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE102007015079A
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German (de)
Inventor
Reinhard Leithner
Christian Schlitzberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn
Schlitzberger Christian Dipl-Ing
Original Assignee
Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn
Schlitzberger Christian Dipl-Ing
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn, Schlitzberger Christian Dipl-Ing filed Critical Leithner Reinhard Prof Dr techn
Priority to DE102007015079A priority Critical patent/DE102007015079A1/en
Priority to DE102008047000A priority patent/DE102008047000A1/en
Publication of DE102007015079A1 publication Critical patent/DE102007015079A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The method involves using solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel. The SOFC heat with returned part of the anode exhaust gas is used for heating air and fuel. The SOFC waste heat is not removed by excess of air. An independent claim is also included for solid-oxide fuel cell system.

Description

Derzeit werden die Reformierung bzw. Vergasung von Brennstoffen zur Aufbereitung auch für eine SOFC, der SOFC-Stack, die Zufuhr der Luft und die Abfuhr der Anoden- und Kathodenabgase meist getrennt betrachtet und einzeln optimiert. Dies führt z. B. dazu, dass Erdgas oder Diesel durch partielle Oxidation – POX, autotherme Reformierung oder allotherme Dampfreformierung mit Teilverbrennung zu Brenngas (CO+H2) für die SOFC aufbereitet wird, was natürlich thermodynamisch ungünstig ist.Currently, the reforming or gasification of fuels for processing also for a SOFC, the SOFC stack, the supply of air and the removal of anode and cathode exhaust gases are usually considered separately and optimized individually. This leads z. As to the fact that natural gas or diesel is treated by partial oxidation - POX, autothermal reforming or allothermal steam reforming with partial combustion to fuel gas (CO + H 2 ) for the SOFC, which is of course thermodynamically unfavorable.

Ziel des Verfahrens zum Betrieb einer SOFC ist, die Abwärme der SOFC zur Reformierung oder Vergasung von Brennstoffen wie Erdgas, Diesel, Biomasse, Kohle etc. durch endotherme Vergasungsreaktionen vor allem Wasserdampfvergasung aber auch Boudouard Reaktion und hydrierende Vergasung mit rezirkuliertem Anodenabgas und zur Vorwärmung der Luft und des Brennstoffes zu verwenden. Um den Luftüberschuss möglichst klein halten zu können (anzustreben sind Werte unter 2), soll die Wärmeabfuhr für die Reformierung oder Vergasung oder diese selbst in den SOFC-Stack integriert sein und wenn möglich auch noch weitere Wärme für andere Zwecke, z. B. einen Wasserdampfkreislauf, aus dem Stack abgeführt werden. Die Integration der Wärme-abfuhr für die Reformierung oder Vergasung oder die Integration der Reformierung oder Vergasung selbst einschließlich Wärmeübertragung in den SOFC-Stack und die Integration der Wärmeabfuhr, z. B. an einen Wasserdampfkreislauf in den SOFC-Stack, erfolgt dabei konstruktiv so verteilt über den Stack, dass eine einigermaßen gleichmäßige Temperaturverteilung erzielt wird und diese Komponenten eine kompakte Struktur bilden, an die die Gegenstromwärmetauscher für die Aufheizung der Luft und des Brennstoffes und die Abkühlung der Abgase von Anode und Kathode mit ihren heißen Enden an diesen Block anschließen.aim of the method of operating a SOFC, the waste heat of the SOFC for the reforming or gasification of fuels such as natural gas, Diesel, biomass, coal etc. through endothermic gasification reactions especially steam gasification but also Boudouard reaction and Hydrogenating gasification with recirculated anode exhaust gas and for preheating the Air and fuel. To the excess of air preferably to be able to keep small (to aim at values below 2), should the heat dissipation for reforming or gasification or these themselves be integrated into the SOFC stack and, if possible, too even more heat for others Purposes, e.g. As a steam cycle, are discharged from the stack. The integration of heat dissipation for the Reforming or gasification or the integration of reforming or gasification itself including heat transfer into the SOFC stack and the integration of heat dissipation, z. B. to a steam cycle in the SOFC stack takes place constructively distributed over the Stack that up a bit uniform temperature distribution achieved and these components form a compact structure, to the the countercurrent heat exchanger for the Heating of air and fuel and cooling of the Connect exhaust gases from anode and cathode with their hot ends to this block.

Claims (5)

Verfahren zum Betrieb einer SOFC, gekennzeichnet dadurch, dass die SOFC-Abwärme nicht durch hohen Luftüberschuss abgeführt wird sondern zur Aufheizung und zur Reformierung oder Vergasung des Brennstoffes und zwar mit einem rückgeführten Teil des Anodenabgases und zur Aufheizung der Luft und des Brennstoffes verwendet wird. Nur der verbleibende Rest soll beispielsweise einem Wasserdampfkreislauf mit Dampfturbine oder für Heizzwecke verwendet werden.Method for operating a SOFC, characterized in that the SOFC waste heat is not through high excess air dissipated but for heating and for reforming or gasification of the fuel with a recirculated portion of the anode exhaust gas and used for heating the air and the fuel. For example, only the remainder of the rest should be a steam cycle with steam turbine or for heating purposes be used. Ein SOFC-System nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Struktur einer solchen SOFC-Systems dadurch sehr kompakt gestaltet wird, dass SOFC- und Reformerkanäle oder Kanäle für die Wärmeabfuhr, z. B. in Form von Wärmerohren, für die Reformierung oder Vergasung und die Wärmeabfuhr, z. B. zu einem Wasserdampfkreislauf oder für Heizzwecke abwechselnd nebeneinander oder kreuzend angeordnet sind, so dass der Wärmeübergang durch Leitung, Konvektion und Strahlung auf kurzen Strecken erfolgt.An SOFC system according to claim 1, characterized This makes the structure of such a SOFC system very compact is designed that SOFC and reformer channels or channels for heat dissipation, z. B. in the form of Heat pipes, for the Reforming or gasification and heat dissipation, z. B. to a steam cycle or for heating purposes are arranged alternately side by side or crossing, so that the heat transfer through Conduction, convection and radiation takes place over short distances. Ein SOFC-System nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gegenstromwärmetauscher zum Aufheizen von Brennstoff und Luft mit ihrem heißen Ende an den SOFC-Stack angeschlossen sind, während der Rest vom SOFC-Stack durch eine Isolierung getrennt ist.An SOFC system according to claims 1 and 2, characterized that the countercurrent heat exchangers for heating fuel and air with their hot end connected to the SOFC stack while the rest of the SOFC stack separated by an insulation. Ein SOFC-System nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rückführung eines Teils des Anodenabgases durch einen Injektor erfolgt.An SOFC system according to claims 1 to 3 characterized that the repatriation of a Part of the anode exhaust gas is done by an injector. Ein SOFC-System nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kanäle etc. der SOFC, des Reformers und der Wärmetauscher in Mikrobauweise ausgeführt sind.An SOFC system according to claims 1 to 4 characterized that the channels etc. of the SOFC, the reformer and the heat exchanger in micro construction accomplished are.
DE102007015079A 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel Withdrawn DE102007015079A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007015079A DE102007015079A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel
DE102008047000A DE102008047000A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2008-09-12 Process for the operation and design of an SOFC with integrated heat exchangers, integrated reforming or gasification, integrated anode exhaust gas recirculation, integrated heat extraction, combined gas preheating and residual gas separation and recirculation, and CO2 capture

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007015079A DE102007015079A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE102007015079A1 true DE102007015079A1 (en) 2008-10-02

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DE102007015079A Withdrawn DE102007015079A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Method for operating solid-oxide fuel cell, involves using solid-oxide fuel cell heat for heating, reforming or gasification of fuel
DE102008047000A Ceased DE102008047000A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2008-09-12 Process for the operation and design of an SOFC with integrated heat exchangers, integrated reforming or gasification, integrated anode exhaust gas recirculation, integrated heat extraction, combined gas preheating and residual gas separation and recirculation, and CO2 capture

Family Applications After (1)

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DE102008047000A Ceased DE102008047000A1 (en) 2007-03-29 2008-09-12 Process for the operation and design of an SOFC with integrated heat exchangers, integrated reforming or gasification, integrated anode exhaust gas recirculation, integrated heat extraction, combined gas preheating and residual gas separation and recirculation, and CO2 capture

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010002276A1 (en) 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Fuel cell system with a reformer in an improved arrangement
WO2013152960A3 (en) * 2012-04-13 2013-12-05 Elringklinger Ag Fuel cell device and method for operating a fuel cell device
CN110819391A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-02-21 张俊霞 A kind of device of SOFC tail gas coupling biomass gasification hydrogen production and using method thereof

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010002276A1 (en) 2010-02-24 2011-08-25 Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469 Fuel cell system with a reformer in an improved arrangement
WO2013152960A3 (en) * 2012-04-13 2013-12-05 Elringklinger Ag Fuel cell device and method for operating a fuel cell device
CN110819391A (en) * 2019-11-20 2020-02-21 张俊霞 A kind of device of SOFC tail gas coupling biomass gasification hydrogen production and using method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102008047000A1 (en) 2010-03-18

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8120 Willingness to grant licences paragraph 23
R119 Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20131001