DE102007004445C5 - driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive device (1) for a swing gate or a swing gate, with a drive (4) and an actuating element which can be adjusted by means of the drive (4) for closing and opening a gate wing (2) of the swing gate or swing gate, and with a control unit (5) for control of the drive (4), characterized in that the control unit (5) is assigned an input unit, via which the length of the gate leaf (2) can be entered as the only input parameter, and in that the further parameters relevant for the actuation of the swing gate or leaf gate in the Control unit (5) are automatically derived from the input parameters.

Description

The invention relates to a drive device for a swing gate, a swing gate or a door.

Such drive devices generally comprise a drive, which is formed by an electric motor, and which drives an actuating element for opening and closing the gate of a swing gate. The actuating element is typically formed by a spindle which converts the rotational movement of the electric motor into a linear movement of a torque tube or the like, which is coupled to the gate. Corresponding arrangements are known for swing gates and doors.

To operate the swing gate, the drive is controlled by a control unit. Typically, a specific velocity profile is set via the control unit for opening and closing the swing gate. The speed profile consists of an acceleration phase, in which the speed of the gate is accelerated to a maximum speed, a middle phase, in which the gate is moved at the maximum speed, and a braking phase, in which the gate is decelerated from the maximum speed to a stop ,

As a safety measure in known drive devices for swing gates a so-called power shutdown is provided. This force shutdown provides for reversing the swing gate when the force acting on the gate exceeds a certain threshold.

Here, the motor current of the electric motor is evaluated, which is a measure of the load torque and thus the applied force.

By this measure, it is ensured that when the door leaf against an obstacle of the door leaf does not continue to run, but is stopped and then runs in the opposite direction.

This force shutdown should not only serve to protect the swing gate against damage but also for the purposes of personal protection.

In known drive devices of this type, the threshold value, which defines the initiation of the force shutdown, is set via a potentiometer on the control unit. The disadvantage here is that the respective operator must set the threshold itself. In order to be able to make this setting in such a way that no hazards arise, the operator must know the respective boundary conditions and parameters of the swing gate exactly, i. H. the adjustment process is extremely complex. A particular disadvantage here is that the setting of the power cut by the operator is often deliberately manipulated. The threshold is then set so high that the power shutdown does not respond. Although this ensures uninterrupted operation of the swing gate. The desired security function is disabled.

Another difficulty is that with the known power cut the normative safety requirements for the operation of swing gates can generally be met only insufficient.

The applicable safety standards for swing gates require that, in the event of an impact of the gate on an obstacle from the moment of impact to a point after impact, the force acting on the obstacle must not exceed a first limit and within a subsequent time interval force second limit below the first limit.

Compliance with these normative limits is still relatively unproblematic as long as the gate of the swing gate has a relatively small length. In the case of long leafs, the length of the gate leaf lever and the high mass of the gate leaf means that the force on an obstacle at the gate leaf immediately after the impact is so great that the permissible limits are exceeded.

In the DE 10 2004 007 883 A1 a motion drive for barriers with a position sensor in a telescopic arm for controlling the barriers is described. A control device remote from the arm senses the location of the barrier to detect the limits of the barrier movement and to control the rate of movement of the barrier between the boundaries. The controller has both optical and edge sensor obstruction detectors and responds to wireless communication to receive user initiated command signals.

The DE 198 13 508 A1 describes a control method and apparatus for operating automatically powered wings, such as doors, gates, windows or the like, using a microprocessor controller. Between the microprocessor control device and a downstream interface, a connection to an external computer is made indirectly via a data communication connection directly or after connecting at least one further microprocessor-based device. On the external computer existing programs or program parts are, at least when it is new programs or program parts, downloaded from these and stored in the microprocessor controller in a memory device.

The DE 35 15 945 C2 relates to a door or window drive for opening or closing at least one wing of a door or a window with a motor, with a computer or microcomputer, which is programmable for various parameters of the modes of opening and closing and controls the motor, and with a triggering device , which emits a signal when actuated to the drive, whereby the opening is triggered. Furthermore, a separate input device is provided, which can be connected to the computer or the microcomputer via cable or wireless, to which the various parameters of the modes can be entered via a keyboard and which has an indication of the size of the respective adjusted parameter.

The invention has the object of providing a fault and manipulation-proof operation of a drive device for a swing gate with the least possible design effort.

To solve this problem, the features of claim 1 are provided. Advantageous embodiments are expedient developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

The drive device according to the invention comprises a drive and an adjustable by means of the drive actuator for closing and opening a gate of a gate such as a swing gate or a swing gate. The drive device also has a control unit for controlling the drive. The control unit is assigned an input unit, via which the length of the door leaf can be entered as the only input parameter. The other parameters relevant to the operation of the gate in the control unit are derived automatically from the input parameter. In general, the drive device according to the invention can also be used for doors. Without limiting the generality, the invention is explained below for a drive device controlling a rotary door.

A significant advantage of the invention is that by entering a single input parameter a mode setting of the drive device is possible, which allows safe operation for different Torkonfigurationen. The invention is based on the finding that all other relevant parameters for safe operation of the swing gate can be derived from the length of the door leaf as input parameters.

The length of the door leaf of the swing gate is an extremely easily determinable parameter of the swing gate, the specification of which is easy to carry out even by untrained personnel. The parameterization of the drive device to different Torkonfigurationen is therefore easy and fast to carry out.

It is particularly advantageous that by specifying the length of the door leaf as the only input parameter, the normative safety regulations for the operation of the swing gate can be met.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, speed parameters are derived for this purpose from the input parameter, which define the speed profiles when opening and closing the rotary door. These speed parameters are advantageously formed by the maximum speed with which the gate leaf is moved, and by the time of the initiation of the braking phase, in which the gate is decelerated from the maximum speed to a stop.

The specification of the speed parameters takes place in such a way that the maximum speed is inversely proportional to the selected length of the door leaf. Furthermore, the time of the braking phase is chosen earlier, the greater the length of the gate is.

By this choice of the speed parameter, the speed of the gate is adapted not only during the phase in which the gate is moved at a constant maximum speed, but also in the temporally upstream acceleration phase and in the time-lag phase to the length of the gate so that upon impact of the door leaf on an obstacle, the permissible normative limit values for the occurring forces are not exceeded.

This is due to the fact that the forces occurring are proportional to the kinetic energy of the gate, which increases quadratically with the speed. Due to the inventive reduction of the maximum speed inversely proportional to the door length and the corresponding variation of the beginning of the braking phase achieved that substantially independent of differences in the mass of the gate, the forces occurring in an impact of the gate on an obstacle forces do not exceed the allowable limits.

The term maximum speed means a variable proportional to the speed of the drive. Since this is varied in inverse proportion to the gate length, one for get different gate lengths substantially constant peripheral speed of the rotary door.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the input parameter is used to derive the length of the door leaf and also the threshold value for the force shutdown. The height of the threshold value is chosen to be proportional to the length of the door leaf. This means that the force shutdown starts with increasing door length even with larger force values.

This is based on the fact that the gate-length-dependent selection of the speed parameters already ensures that the forces occurring in the event of an impact on the door do not exceed the normative limit values, so that no danger can occur, in particular for persons. The threshold value of the power cutoff can thus be adapted to the dimensioning of the door leaf, in particular its length. The adaptation takes place in such a way that the sensitivity of the force shutoff remains constant, regardless of the door length. A measure of the sensitivity is the torque acting on the drive.

Due to the opposing dependencies of the maximum speed on the one hand and the threshold value of the power shutdown on the other hand of the length of the door leaf a tamper-proof parameterization of the drive device is ensured in a simple manner.

Namely, when an operator attempts manipulation to set too short a value for the length of the door to achieve faster opening and closing of the door, thereby increasing the respective maximum speed, it becomes a correspondingly lower value for the threshold value the power shutdown in the control unit specified. This leads to a considerably reduced availability of the drive device, since the power cutoff responds even with small disturbances such as gusts of wind and then stops and reverses the door movement.

The invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 : Schematic representation of a drive device for a swing gate.

2 : Time diagram of the pulse width modulation of the voltage of the drive of the drive device according to 1 ,

3 : Speed profile for opening the swing gate according to 1 ,

4 : Gate length dependent variation of the velocity profile according to 1 ,

5 : Temporal force curve at impact of the swing gate according to 1 on an obstacle.

1 schematically shows a drive device 1 for a swing gate. The swing gate has a gate 2 with respect to a vertical direction (perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG 1 ) extending axis 3 is rotatably mounted.

The drive device 1 comprises a designed as an electric motor drive 4 from a control unit 5 is controlled. The electric motor is designed as a DC motor. The control unit 5 may be formed by a microprocessor or the like. The control unit 5 can be as shown in the drive 4 be integrated or designed as a separate unit.

The drive device 1 is used in the present case as a spindle drive, the spindle as an actuator 6 having. This is the rotational movement of the drive 4 in a linear movement of a push tube 7 implemented. The torque tube 7 is at the gate 2 coupled. By the linear movement of the push tube 7 becomes the gate 2 To open and close the swing gate rotated around the axis. The directions of rotation for closing and opening the gate are in 1 labeled "to" and "to". Other input units in the form of various user interfaces are possible. Furthermore, a display element for visualizing the set value of the door length is advantageously provided.

At the control unit 5 is an input unit for parameterizing the drive device 1 intended. The input unit may be formed by a potentiometer or one or more keys.

When opening and closing the swing gate is the gate 2 each moved according to a predetermined velocity profile. 3 shows an example of a typical speed profile of the gate 2 during the opening process. In an acceleration phase in the time interval between t = 0 and t = t ₁ , the speed v of the door leaf 2 starting from v = v ₀ linearly increased up to a maximum speed v = v _max (range I). In a subsequent area II between t = t ₁ and t = t ₂ becomes the gate 2 move at a constant speed v = v _max . In a subsequent braking phase between t = t ₂ and t = t ₃ is the gate 2 braked to a standstill, causing the gate leaf 2 is retracted to its open position. In the present case, the speed is reduced linearly in the braking phase. Alternatively, in the braking phase, the speed can be reduced linearly until a Minimum speed is reached, so then with this minimum speed of the gate 2 is retracted to its open position.

The speed profile for closing the door generally has an in 3 corresponding temporal course of the speed of the gate 2 on. Typically, the maximum speed when closing the gate is chosen to be less than when opening the gate.

The specification of the speed of the gate 2 takes place by a pulse width modulation of the motor voltage of the electric motor. The corresponding time diagram of the voltage is in 2 shown. The electric motor will look like this 2 can be seen with voltage pulses of variable length acted upon. The pulse repetition frequency of the voltage pulses is chosen so that the electric motor registers only the time average of the modulated voltage. This depends on the pulse width modulation.

By changing the pulse width modulation is first the speed of the drive 4 reduced. This conditionally results in a change in the peripheral speed of the gate 2 ,

For parameterization of the drive device 1 the length of the door leaf is the only input parameter via the input unit 2 entered. From this input parameter then all other for the operation of the drive device 1 required parameters calculated. These are in the control unit 5 Characteristics stored in which different values of the length of the door leaf 2 corresponding values of the individual parameters are assigned. Alternatively, algorithms can be deposited by means of which an association is made between the input parameters and the parameters.

The parameters derived from the input parameter include in particular velocity parameters which define the velocity profiles for the closing and opening process. In the present case, each separate speed parameters in the control unit for the closing and opening process 5 calculated.

A first speed parameter is the maximum speed. This becomes inversely proportional to the length of the door leaf 2 varied. A second speed parameter is the beginning of the braking phase, ie the time t ₂ in 2 , The beginning of the braking phase is chosen earlier, the greater the length of the door leaf, whereby here too there is a linear relationship of the two parameters. The maximum speed is one of the speed of the drive 4 proportional size. The inverse proportionality of this size to the gate length is a substantially independent of the gate length peripheral speed of the gate 2 receive.

3 shows schematically by this parameter variation changed velocity profiles. Here are in 3 the speed profiles for three different lengths of gate 2 shown. The speed profile designated by a corresponds to the speed profile according to 2 , which for the specification of a certain value L ₀ the length of the gate 2 is obtained. By specifying a reduced value L = L ₀ - ΔL for the length of the door leaf 2 is the speed profile designated b in 4 receive. According to the inversely proportional dependence on the length of the gate 2 the values for the maximum speed are reduced from v _max to v _{max '} and the values for the start of the braking phase from t ₂ to t _2' . By specifying a further reduced value L = L ₀ - 2 · ΔL for the length of the door leaf 2 will that be in 4 obtained with c speed profile. With this speed profile further reduced values v _{max ''} for the maximum speed and t _{2 ''} for the beginning of the braking phase are obtained.

Another parameter is the input parameter, ie the length of the door leaf 2 calculates a threshold value that defines the switch-on condition for a power shutdown of the swing gate. By a suitable in the electric motor or in the control unit 5 Integrated sensor technology, the current of the electric motor is calculated as a measure of the resulting load on the electric motor and thus the force acting. This force is rated at the threshold. As soon as the force exceeds the threshold, the drive is reversed 4 ,

The threshold value in the present case is proportional to the length of the door leaf 2 selected. Accordingly, the power shutdown starts with longer blades only at higher forces.

By calculating the parameters of the drive device 1 depending on the length of the gate leaf 2 the normative safety requirements for the operation of the swing gate can be met.

This is in the time chart according to 5 illustrated. 5 shows the limits to be met by acting on a test body forces that occur when the gate 2 impacted on the test body. It is true for the diagram in 5 the impact of the wing moving at a speed 2 to a standing test body at time t = 0. The safety standard requires that in the time interval between t = 0 and t = t _a , ie immediately after the impact, the forces impinging on the test body do not exceed the limit value S ₀ . In the subsequent time interval between t = t _a and t = t _b , the forces acting on the test body must not exceed the limit value S ₁ .

These requirements must be met in particular even if the outer end of the gate 2 impinges on the test body, ie where the greatest forces occur.

By varying the parameters, in particular the speed parameters according to 4 , the speed profile is adjusted to the respective length of the door leaf 2 customized. In general, the speed of the door leaf 2 the more reduced, the greater the length of the gate 2 is. This ensures that when hitting the gate 2 on the test body the forces acting on these as in 5 shown in the limits set by the limits S ₀ , S ₁ remain.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

driving device

2

leaf

3

axis

4

drive

5

control unit

6

spindle

7

torque tube

Claims (17)

Drive device ( 1 ) for a swing gate or a swing gate, with a drive ( 4 ) and one by means of the drive ( 4 ) adjustable actuator for closing and opening a door leaf ( 2 ) of the swing gate or wing gate, and with a control unit ( 5 ) for controlling the drive ( 4 ), characterized in that the control unit ( 5 ) is assigned to an input unit, via which the length of the gate leaf as the only input parameter ( 2 ) and that the other parameters relevant to the operation of the revolving gate or wing gate in the control unit ( 5 ) are derived automatically from the input parameter. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that in the control unit ( 5 ) Characteristic curves or algorithms are stored, which contain parameter values as a function of input parameter values. Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that speed parameters are derived from the input parameters which determine the speed profiles of the gate leaf ( 2 ) when opening and closing the swing gate or wing gate. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the speed parameter defining a speed profile of a maximum speed at which the door leaf ( 2 ), and are formed from the time of initiating a braking phase from the maximum speed. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that the maximum speed inversely proportional to the selected length of the door leaf ( 2 ). Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the time of initiation of the braking phase is chosen the earlier, the greater the length of the gate ( 2 ). Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a threshold value is derived from the input parameter as a parameter, which defines the initiation of a force shutdown. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 7, characterized in that with the threshold value on the gate ( 2 ) force is evaluated, wherein the power shutdown is triggered when the force exceeds the threshold. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the height of the threshold value is proportional to the length of the door leaf ( 2 ). Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that during the power shutdown of the drive ( 4 ) is stopped or reversed. Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the drive ( 4 ) is formed by an electric motor. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 11, characterized in that the electric motor is designed as a DC motor. Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that the actuating element of a spindle ( 6 ) is formed. Drive device ( 1 ) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that as a measure of the on the gate ( 2 ) acting force of the current of the electric motor is determined. Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that the Specification of the speed of the gate ( 2 ) the voltage of the electric motor by the control unit ( 5 ) is regulated. Drive device ( 1 ) according to claim 15, characterized in that the control is effected by a pulse width modulation of the voltage of the electric motor. Drive device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that it can be used for a door.

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