DE102006060324A1 - Method and system for detecting the hydraulic balancing of a heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and a corresponding system for detecting a hydraulic balancing of a heating system (2) with radiators (3) connected via a fluid flow system (4) are described. In order to easily and automatically recognize the state of hydraulic balancing, a characteristic value indicative of the thermal dynamics of a room heated by the heating element (3) is determined for each heating element (3) and the characteristic values of several heating elements (3) and / or several temporally successive ones Characteristics of a radiator (3) for detecting an over- or under-supply of a radiator (3) compared to each other.

Description

The The present invention relates to a method and a system for Detection and, if necessary, to carry out a hydraulic Balancing a heating system with a fluid flow system connected radiators, in particular a hot water heating system. For carrying out hydraulic balancing can after detecting an over or under supply a radiator, the fluid flow through individual Radiators are regulated.

at Pump hot water heaters with a pipe system with each other connected radiators often comes the problem of undersupply individual, hydraulically unfavorable located radiator with simultaneous oversupply of others, hydraulically conveniently located radiator. This problem is due to different differential pressures at the different ones Radiators attributed. Around compensate, must be a hydraulic balancing the heating system be performed. The aim of the hydraulic balancing is it is the hydraulic resistances in the fluid flow system to adjust so that a sufficient supply of all radiators is ensured. This must also be done on the hydraulically most unfavorable radiator a sufficiently large differential pressure applied.

definierte Ventilautorität, wobei Δp_TV,100% der Druckabfall am Ventil bei voll geöffnetem Ventil und Δp_TV,Zu der Druckabfall bei geschlossenem Ventil ist. Durch die Erhöhung des hydraulischen Widerstandes steigt der Druckabfall Δp_TV,100% bei einem voll geöffneten Heizkörperventil und somit die Ventilautorität. Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Ventilautorität, der Hubstellung des Heizkörperventils und dem Durchfluss bzw. der Wärmeabgabe des Heizkörpers ist in 5 dargestellt, wobei Werte von a ≥ 0,3 anzustreben sind, um eine gute Regelbarkeit zu erreichen.For this example, radiator valves can be used with a corresponding default. For hydraulically located radiators, the hydraulic resistance is increased by selecting the default setting. This increases according to VDI 2073 as

defined valve authority, where Δp _{TV, 100% is} the pressure drop across the valve when the valve is fully open and Δp _{TV, to} the pressure drop when the valve is closed. By increasing the hydraulic resistance, the pressure drop Δp _{TV increases, 100%} with a fully opened radiator valve and thus the valve authority. The relationship between the valve authority, the stroke position of the radiator valve and the flow or the heat output of the radiator is in 5 with values of a ≥ 0.3 are desirable in order to achieve a good controllability.

Of the Hydraulic balancing by increasing the hydraulic Resistance in individual radiators leads a parallel connection of the radiator, which is more common today Way is used to reduce the mass flow through this radiator and connected to a higher Differential pressure at the less hydraulically located radiators. The implementation of hydraulic balancing is in the Practice, however, a time-consuming and lengthy process. It therefore becomes common for time and cost reasons not or only inaccurately performed. Often it takes place whose pump is also set to a higher speed level, resulting in unnecessarily high power consumption and flow noise can lead.

In the DE 100 03 394 A1 a method for hydraulic balancing a heating system is described. This procedure is based on a measurement and regulation of the differential pressure on the radiator itself. The adjustment is made by adjusting the return valve is done by hand and thus has the disadvantage that the process is tedious and cumbersome and high costs.

From the DE 42 21 725 is a method for automatically achieving a hydraulic balance known in which the radiator thermostat valves initially fully open and the so adjusting in each room temperature is measured. In rooms where the resulting temperature is too high, the thermostatic valves are closed until the desired temperature is reached. The degree of opening of the thermostatic valves determined in this way is used as the maximum opening for all other control activities. However, the method has the disadvantage that first the stationary state of the system must be awaited before an adjustment can take place.

Another procedure is over DE 102 43 076 A1 known. This method uses actuators with integrated temperature differential control, which are mounted on a pre-settable radiator valve adapter for adjustment purposes. The volume flow through the radiator is varied by the presettable adapter until a predetermined difference between the flow and return temperatures is reached. After completion of the adjustment process, the actuators are removed again and replaced by thermostatic heads. The disadvantage of this method is that additionally presettable adapters are needed, which must be mechanically compatible with the actuator. It also requires this Procedures a manual implementation and is therefore cumbersome and expensive.

The The object of the invention is a simple way for the detection and possibly execution of a hydraulic balancing to create a heating system with the It can be automatically detected which radiator is under-supplied are. For this purpose, preferably to radiators anyway Existing facilities such as room temperature controls and / or consumption cost collection devices how heat cost allocators are used.

These Task is in a method of the type mentioned with the Characteristics of claim 1 solved. It is in particular provided that for each radiator one the thermal dynamics of a heated by the radiator Room-indicating characteristic value and the characteristic values of several radiators, in particular all radiators of a heating circuit of the heating system, and / or several (eg at least two) in chronological succession Characteristics of a radiator, especially after a flow temperature change in the heating circuit or the heating system, to detect a hydraulic over- or Undersupply of a radiator compared to each other become. A hydraulic adjustment that may be necessary after the detection can be automated by adjusting or limiting the radiator valve positions take place, thereby easily regulating the fluid flow is effected.

One particular advantage of the invention is that the thermal Dynamics in a room by measuring thermal or heating dynamic Sizes are made in the current heating operation can be detected. The evaluation of the hydraulic Conditions are easily achieved by comparison the characteristics of thermal space dynamics, with unfavorable hydraulic conditions exist when the space or heating dynamics of different radiators significantly different values has or the characteristics of a radiator after a deliberately made change, for example, the Flow temperature not as with radiators with optimum behave hydraulically. According to the invention the evaluation of the characteristics of several radiators also with the evaluation of the particular time course of the characteristic value a radiator after a defined change For example, the flow temperature can be combined. These two possibilities to detect the hydraulic balance complement each other and can be a particularly reliable combination To provide assessment of the given hydraulic balance. However, they are also according to the invention for each can be used and will be explained in more detail below explained. With the present invention, therefore, a Analysis of the hydraulic adjustment and, if necessary, a correction by Intervention in the hydraulic balancing of the heating system automatically done without manual intervention.

According to one particularly preferred embodiment is the dynamic Characteristic value a heating dynamics for a room, d. H. the Speed with which an externally imposed temperature increase is carried out becomes. From the speed of a temperature rise in one Each room is a heating dynamics or constant for determines the radiator assigned to the room. For The hydraulic balancing then becomes all values of the heating dynamics by regulating the respective radiator valve positions in about aligned with each other. The heating dynamics can be easier by specifying a room temperature increase and a Measurement of the time required for heating be determined. The inventively proposed The method is based on the evaluation of heating dynamics for every radiator. The heating dynamics or constant gives on how fast the room is after an increase in the heating fluid flow heats up by the radiator, the increase the Heizfluid-flow, in particular by an example. Of a Radiator room temperature control initiated valve opening can be caused. The evaluation of the hydraulic conditions is done by comparing the values of the heating dynamics for different rooms or radiators, being unfavorable hydraulic conditions then exist when the heating dynamics show very different values.

Especially simply the heating constant by specifying a desired room temperature increase and a measurement of that needed for heating Time to be determined. This can, for example, by means of an already existing electronic radiator room temperature control done.

In particular, in addition to the heating dynamics, but possibly also as an exclusively detected size, can serve as a characteristic value for the thermal dynamics of a heated by the radiator space and the dead time between a default to increase the room temperature and the beginning of a heating process. In this case, according to the specification of such a desired room temperature increase, the time until the start of the heating process is determined, ie, until a first temperature change in the room after a changed setpoint specification by corresponding sensors, usually temperature sensor is detected. In particular, first the dead time and then the heating dynamics for the following on the dead time temperature increase be determined. This is particularly advantageous if it comes only after a certain delay to a temperature increase in the room. A large dead time means a poor supply of the radiator. This information can be used in addition to the value of the heating dynamics for conclusions on the hydraulic system of the heating system.

When additional or alternatively used characteristic value come also radiator temperatures and / or radiator supply states, in particular their temporal change or derivative, in Consider that for different radiators and / or over time for a radiator, eg. after a deliberate flow temperature change, be recorded. As radiator temperatures can Heizköpervorlauf-, radiator return and / or radiator surface temperatures as well their particular related to the room air temperature overtemperatures be recorded. The radiator supply state is one from the aforementioned temperatures and / or from the valve position the radiator derived size, which the heat demand of the radiator or the heating surface displays. The for the determination of radiator temperatures or radiator supply states needed Measured values can, for example, be provided by existing electronic heat cost allocators be determined. Also from the comparison of such characteristics for a radiator, in particular in the course of time, can be determined whether a radiator or another Heating surface as a floor heating, for which the invention can also be used in the heating system hydraulically balanced.

The following basic idea can be used: If the hydraulic supply to a heating surface in the heating system is acceptable, a small change in the flow temperature compared to the absolute height of the optimum flow temperature can be compensated by a changed mass flow of the heating fluid through the radiator or the heating surface become. In a deliberately carried out, small reduction of the flow temperature in the entire heating system, there is an increase in the stroke position of the radiator valve and consequently to an increase in mass flow, provided that the heating system and the radiator are adjusted hydraulically meaningful and the heat load remains constant during this time. In this case, therefore, a slightly reduced flow temperature can be compensated by increasing the mass flow and it is expected that after a sufficiently sized transitional time measured by a heat cost allocator or corrected with correction factors mean over-temperature of the radiator undergoes only a slight change. The supply state of the radiator is derived from the radiator mass flow, this indirectly proportional size and will decrease (see also the in 6 shown relationship), wherein the heat output of the radiator remains approximately constant assuming the same heating load. If this expected behavior does not occur on the radiator, the hydraulic balancing of the heating system is not optimal and should be repeated.

In an advantageous embodiment of the proposed method can a characteristic value by a transfer element first or higher, eg second, order or a differential equation whose parameters are determined or estimated become. By such mathematically representable functions lets the dynamics of the system are particularly well and quickly taken into account. In this case, there are unfavorable hydraulic conditions before, if the determined or estimated parameters for the individual radiators strongly from each other differ.

Around too fast a change of new values of the heating dynamics, the dead time and / or other parameters of the transmission elements or to avoid differential functions and the influence of temporary Disturbances, eg. A foreign heat influence by direct sunlight during a supervised Heating phase, to suppress, can be provided according to the invention are not going to directly adopt the new values, but rather to be weighted with old values, for example by averaging.

A particularly favorable constellation for the determination the characteristics is present when all radiators simultaneously initiate a heating phase. Then the heating dynamics can or other characteristic values according to the invention simultaneously be determined for all radiators. This can be realized by a radiator room temperature control For all rooms a particular same temperature increase as setpoint. In an optimally hydraulically balanced System would have room temperature then in the different Rooms increase in about the same time periods. For different characteristics can therefore be particularly reliable on a not fully balanced hydraulic Condition to be closed.

However, it is also possible according to the invention to automatically determine the heating dynamics or other characteristic values additionally in each room, for example by an individual room temperature control temperature rise in a room, even if in this case the overall hydraulic situation of the heating system detected by, for example, determination of different heating constants, can be different. At the expense of this disadvantage, however, a hydraulic balancing can be quickly and flexibly adapted to changes in the system and constantly updated in normal operation. Especially when updating already existing characteristic values with new values for the heating dynamics, the dead time and / or other parameters of the transfer elements or differential equations, the new values can be weighted with old values.

According to one preferred embodiment of the method, the approximation the parameters iteratively, d. H. after a stroke change the Valve position on a hydraulically over- or undersupplied Radiators will be given at a next Temperature change again the corresponding characteristic values determined, adjusted and accordingly the resulting valve position limits established. In this way one becomes possible over time optimal hydraulic balance achieved, as well automatically to a changed hydraulic situation, For example, a permanent shutdown of a particular radiator in an unused space, adapts.

Especially simply the heating constant by specifying a desired room temperature increase and a measurement of that needed for heating Time to be determined. This can be done in particular by means of an anyway existing electronic radiator room temperature control respectively. The characteristic values can be decentralized by a equipped with room temperature sensors radiator room temperature controller determined and transmitted to a central office or in a with room temperature sensors for the respective rooms and the radiator room temperature controllers connected central be determined.

Consequently is inventively by evaluation of the assigned to different radiators characteristics, eg. Heating dynamics, one by unfavorable hydraulic conditions conditional under or over supply of a radiator determined. If, for example, the heating constant for a radiator an oversupply indicates its maximum valve lift can be reduced. So the hydraulic conditions of the radiator the heating system automatically adjusted to each other and the values the heating dynamics are approximately equal to each other. A manual intervention is not necessary. The values of the heating dynamics are also due to this a particularly suitable determinant for the hydraulic properties of the heating system, because they are consider the dynamic heating situation and not only an absolutely attainable room temperature.

there The regulation of the radiator valve position may be preferable by the particular used by a Heizköperregelung Hub of the radiator valve done. When the maximum used valve lift limited to an overheated radiator This will also result in a desired Heating process less heating fluid enters the radiator. This limitation automatically increases the differential pressure on hydraulically less favorably located radiators in the closed heating system. This leads to a optimized hydraulic balancing of the heating system, their heating behavior thereby significantly improved.

Corresponding The invention relates to a system according to claim 10 for the detection of a hydraulic balancing of a heating system with fluid radiators. The system is by a for carrying out the method described above configured device formed and has a detection device for detecting the room temperature of a radiator heated room, a radiator temperature and / or a Valve position of a radiator valve, a rake unit to determine the thermal dynamics of the radiator heated room indicating characteristic value from the recorded room temperature, Radiator temperature and / or valve position and a Comparison device for comparing a characteristic value with the characteristic values other rooms or radiators and / or more temporally aufein other following characteristics of a radiator on. The arithmetic unit and / or the comparison unit, the bspw. recorded in a common or different microprocessor (s) in particular are to be carried out set up the above-described method. In the case of a common microprocessor if the system can have a control center with a computing unit, which is set up to carry out the method. In this case, the center can have a room temperature control, a consumption value detection device and / or a central apartment for temperature control or detection be.

It is particularly advantageous when the detection device is integrated into a heat cost allocator and / or a single room temperature control, for example in the form of a radiator room temperature controller, since such systems are present in a variety of homes anyway, so that the inventive hydraulic balancing example Programs can be implemented in existing systems. In this sense, the arithmetic unit in a single room control and / or a Verbrauchswert- or heating cost detection device and / or a central control units and / or data collector to be integrated.

Provided For example, several apartments by a common heating circuit, d. H. a coherent hydraulic system to be supplied, does it make sense for several individual room regulations, consumption or heating cost detection devices and / or the central control unit in particular of the heating circuit or the heating system with each other communicate so that the individual characteristic values can be compared. The characteristics can be centrally in the common control unit or decentralized in the respective computing units of the individual room regulations and / or Verbrauchswert- or Heizkostenerfassungseinrichtungen be determined.

After all the system preferably has a control device for adjustment Valve lift of radiator valves on, that the hydraulic Adjustment can be done immediately. The hydraulic balancing can in particular by adjusting the valve lift of a radiator respectively.

Further developments, Advantages and applications of the present invention also emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments and the drawing. All are described and / or illustrated illustrated features alone or in any combination the subject of the invention, regardless of its summary in the claims or their remittances.

It demonstrate:

1 a signal flow chart for the determination of characteristic values according to the invention for carrying out a hydraulic balancing;

2 Parameters for determining the heating dynamics;

3 a schematic representation of a two-pipe heating system with a system according to the invention for the detection and possibly carrying out a hydraulic balancing;

4 a schematic representation of the communication connections of the system according to the invention 3 ;

5 the relationship between the relative valve lift and the flow (relative volume flow) or the relative valve lift and the heat output (relative radiator performance) of a radiator pers (radiator) at different valve authorities between a = 1 and a = 0.1 and

6 the relationship between the relative heating surface mass flow ratio and the Heizflächenversorgungszustand.

In 1 schematically a signal flow diagram of the invention is shown, after which a characteristic value can be determined for each heated by a radiator room, which indicates the thermal dynamics of this heated by the radiator space.

For this purpose, the temperature θ is measured in a space heated by the radiator and / or on the radiator itself by means of a temperature sensor and a computing unit 1 in which the dynamic characteristic determination method according to the invention is implemented, which is used for carrying out the hydraulic balancing. The measured temperature may be a room temperature _.theta . _Room or, for example, radiator _{temperatures .theta} . _HKV1 , _.theta . _HKV2 measured using a consumption value _{detection device} (heat cost allocator). In addition, the relative stroke position h of a radiator valve, ie its relative opening degree, can be detected.

This information is based on a transfer element or a differential equation D (θ) in the computing unit 1 used to determine a dynamic characteristic for each radiator. This parameter may be the heating dynamics k _therm , the dead time t _T , a time constant T, a gain K or a radiator supply state VZ, a (corrected or uncorrected) radiator overtemperature Δ _log or their time derivative.

For the determination of the heating dynamics k _therm , the time t _start and the actual temperature θ _start are stored at the beginning of a heating phase defined from the outside. As soon as the setpoint temperature θ _setpoint , he is sufficient, the heating time dynamics k _{therm is} calculated.

This results from the temperature rise Δθ = θ _setpoint - θ _start during the heating phase and the time Δt = t _end - t _start required for it, so that k _therm = ^Δθ / _Δt holds. The heating dynamics k _therm thus indicates how fast the temperature in the room increases, and thus represents a significant dynamic characteristic.

A variant consists of first determining a dead time t _T and then the heating dynamics k _therm for the following temperature increase, wherein the dead time t _{T is} the time interval between the time at which a heating phase is predetermined and the detection of a temperature rise. This is particularly advantageous when it comes only after a certain delay to a temperature increase. A large dead time t _T means a poor supply of the radiator and can thus serve as a dynamic characteristic.

An overview of the meaning of the above quantities can be the temperature-time diagram of 2 be removed.

der Zusammenhang

zwischen der Aufheizdynamik k_therm und den Kenngrößen Verstärkung K, Zeitkonstante T, relativer Ventilhub h, und Aufheizdauer Δt = t_Ende – t_Start der Differentialgleichung D(ϑ).Furthermore, it is possible to represent the heating process by a differential equation D (θ) or by a dynamic transfer element first, second or higher order and estimate the parameters of the differential equation D (θ) or the transfer member with known identification method and from there the heating time or The start time t _{Start of} the heating phase before the setpoint _{step change} and finally the heating _dynamics k _thern to calculate. This leads to an accelerated convergence in an iterative calculation of the heating dynamics k _therm . For example, the differential equation D (θ) for the room air behavior or a radiator temperature follows

the relationship

between the heating dynamics k _therm and the parameters gain K, time constant T, relative valve lift h, and heating time Δt = t _end -t _{start of} the differential equation D (θ).

is the valve lift h is not known, instead of the reinforcement K the time variable product K · h can be estimated. This leads to a reduction in the convergence speed of the procedure. Therefore, the knowledge of the Ventilstellhubes h of Advantage, but not condition for the feasibility of the inventive method.

The calculation of the heating dynamics k _therm and the dead time t _T is typically iterative. The new values of the heating time constants k _therm , dead times t _T or the other parameters do not have to be taken over directly, but can be weighted with the old values. This prevents the values from changing too fast. The influence of disturbances (eg external heat influence during the heating phase) is thus reduced.

In 3 is a system for carrying out a hydraulic balancing of a heating system 2 with fluid radiators 3 represented by a two-pipe system 4 with a flow line 5 and a return line 6 to a central heat generator 7 are connected. The two-pipe system 4 extends through several apartments 8th and supplies a variety of radiators 3 , Therefore, on the radiators 3 different hydraulic conditions prevail, which should be suitably balanced.

This is on every radiator 3 a radiator room temperature controller 9 with a detection device 10 provided, which is the room temperature θ one through a radiator 3 heated space and the valve position h of a radiator valve 11 detected on which the radiator temperature controller 9 acts. Alternatively or additionally are on the individual radiators 3 Consumption value detection devices 13 for measuring radiator temperatures θ, such as a Heizköperoberflächen-, Heizkörpervorlauf- and / or Heizkörperrücklauftemperatur provided. Furthermore, a temperature sensor 14 for recording the flow temperature in the heating system 2 for determining variables derived from the detected temperatures, such as, for example, a radiator supply state VZ.

For example. the room temperature θ and the valve position h are sent by the radiator room thermostat 9 for example by means of radio communication to one of the respective apartment 8th associated control center 12 which also communicate with each other. The same applies to the consumption value detection devices 13 or the temperature sensor 14 , Each or one control center 12 is provided with a computing unit, not shown, which is to each radiator 3 a the thermal dynamics of a through the radiator 3 Heated room indicating characteristic value determined. In a control center 12 Furthermore, a comparison device, also not shown, is provided which compares all the determined characteristic values in order to draw conclusions about the hydraulic behavior of the heating system 2 to draw. Thereupon, starting from this control center 12 , if necessary via further control centers 12 the radiator room temperature controller 9 addressed by regulations for the valve Stel settings of the radiator valves 11 For example, to limit the maximum stroke and thus to provide a hydraulic compensation.

The corresponding communication paths between the individual radiator room temperature controllers 9 and the control centers 12 are in 4 illustrated again in an explanatory manner, wherein the double arrows indicate a bidirectional communication. The system has several remote control units 12 on each of which several radiator room temperature controller 9 and / or metering devices 13 assigned. Between radiator room temperature controllers 9 and associated control unit 12 there is a bidirectional communication connection. Between consumption recording devices 13 and associated control unit 12 consists of a uni- or bidirectional communication connection. Between the decentralized control units 12 There are also bidirectional communication links. So can an appropriately configured control unit 12 take over the evaluation of the heating dynamics k _therm for the entire system and, for example, from the evaluation resulting Maximalhubwerte h _max for the radiator valves 11 single radiator 3 via the corresponding decentralized control units 12 back to the Heizköperregler 9 which then take these values into account in the temperature control.

However, the invention is not to those in the 3 and 4 illustrated embodiment limited. For example, it is possible to choose another type of communication instead of radio communication. In addition, the detection device, arithmetic unit and comparison unit required according to the invention can be located in devices other than those described above. The system described is only particularly advantageous because radiator room temperature controller 9 with temperature sensors or consumption value detection devices 13 and control centers 12 For example, in the context of a room temperature control and / or heating cost detection are available anyway, so that the invention can be implemented without or with little additional hardware.

The implementation of the method according to the invention will be described again concretely on the example of the heating dynamics k _therm . The method is based on the calculation and evaluation of the heating dynamics k _therm for each radiator 3 , The heating dynamics k _therm indicates how fast the radiator heats up 3 surrounding space heats up. Is the heating dynamics k _{therm of} a radiator 3 always comparatively small, can on a hydraulically unfavorable adjustment of this radiator 3 compared to the other radiators 3 the heating system 2 getting closed. The method can be realized according to the other specified characteristic values.

The heating dynamics k _therm is for each radiator 3 from an electronic radiator room thermostat 9 , a consumption value detection device 13 or from a remote or central control unit 12 calculated. The on the radiator valves 11 mounted radiator room temperature controller 9 For this purpose, the _actual room air temperature θ Act or, if applicable, also the valve stroke h are recorded and sent to at least one control unit 12 , Likewise, the actual temperature required can _Is θ by other suitable devices, such as from room temperature sensors or electronic heat cost allocators as consumption value detection devices 13 , to the control units 12 or to the radiator room temperature controller 9 be transmitted. The radiator room temperature controller 9 or the control units 12 From the received measured values, the characteristic values of the thermal room dynamics including the heating dynamics k _therm for each radiator are cyclically calculated 3 , It is advantageous to calculate these characteristic values from measured values during the heating phase before or after a setpoint temperature jump. Are the characteristic values of the thermal room dynamics including the heating dynamics k _therm of the radiator room temperature controllers 9 or determined by another (electronic) device, they transmit the results to a decentralized or to a central control unit 12 , All calculation results are preferably sent to an excellent central control unit 12 transmitted. This generates a list of all dynamic characteristics including the heating dynamics k _{therm of} all radiators 3 and performs an evaluation including a comparison of these characteristics. From the evaluation of the dynamic characteristics and in particular the heating dynamics k _therm is on the hydraulic adjustment of the radiator 3 closed. In particular, based on the heating dynamics k _therm the hydraulically unfavorable located radiator 3 be determined.

For the sake of simplicity, the following statements relate only to the heating dynamics k _therm . They also apply analogously to dead times or to parameters of the differential equations or transfer elements.

In the central control unit 12 there is a comparison of the heating dynamics k _{therm of} all radiators 3 , From this comparison follows the information about the hydraulic balancing of the radiator valves 11 , If all values of the heating dynamics k _therm are of the same order of magnitude, this indicates a uniform heating of all rooms. This means that all rooms are supplied with heat evenly and the hydraulic balancing of the heating system 2 Right.

If there is a large, absolute or relative difference between the values of the heating dynamics k _therm , this means uneven heating. The cause of this need not necessarily be in a poor hydraulic balance. There may be other causes in question, eg. B. disturbances such as an open window or poor adaptation of the radiator power to the heat demand of the room. For example, a radiator that is too small for the room to be heated 3 cause a long heating up, while a too large sized radiator 3 results in a quick heating up.

It is therefore advantageous to average the values of the heating dynamics k _therm over a certain period of time, eg. B. by arithmetic or moving averaging to minimize interference. If the mean values of the heating dynamics k _{therm are} too far apart, this indicates a poor hydraulic balancing or incorrectly dimensioned radiators 3 out.

To distinguish between poor hydraulic balancing and incorrect dimensioning of radiators 3 can be inventively still in 2 use defined dead time t _T. Thus, in the case of poor hydraulic balancing, it is more likely that a dead time t _{T will have} to be determined first before the room temperature rises. With a wrong sized, but well balanced radiators 3 there will be a temperature rise without a long dead time t _T.

Alternatively, instead of the heating dynamics k _therm , the parameters K (gain) and T (time constant) or the ratio k / T can also be evaluated. So can from comparatively small gain and large time constant, ie from small ratio k / T, to poor hydraulic balancing and comparatively large gain and small time constant, ie from a large ratio k / T, on good hydraulic balance of the corresponding radiator 3 getting closed. Furthermore, the particular temporal behavior of radiator temperatures θ or radiator supply states VZ can be considered.

6 shows the relationship between the relative heating surface mass flow ratio, which, as in 5 is correlated with the relative valve lift, and a Heizflächenversorgungszustand. The setpoint mass flow ratio in this example is chosen so that at 40% of the relative mass flow ratio (based on the nominal mass flow), the heating surface supply state is zero, ie an optimal heat supply is present. A thermal super-supply to the heating surface, ie a heating surface supply state> 0, corresponds to a lower heating surface mass flow ratio and a thermal undersupply to the heating surface, ie a heating surface supply state <0, corresponds to a heating surface mass flow ratio higher than 40%. According to the in 6 illustrated, linearized dependence can therefore be concluded by evaluating the Heizflächenversorgungszustandstendenz on the state of the current hydraulic balancing of the individual heating surfaces. In the case of a hydraulically correctly balanced heating surface, an increase in the flow surface mass flow ratio and thus a decreasing heating surface supply state follow from a flow temperature reduction. By observing this relationship, it is possible to infer the hydraulic condition of the various heating surfaces. This is particularly useful when the supply state of the individual heating surfaces is determined anyway within the scope of a heat capacity adaptation control.

Of particular advantage in particular for the starting behavior of the process is when all radiator room temperature controller 9 at the same time a heating phase, caused by a set temperature jump in the positive direction, begin. If this condition is not possible due to the setting of radiator room temperature controller time profiles, the central control unit can 12 a corresponding command is triggered. The execution of this command causes all radiator room temperature controllers 9 perform a heating phase almost simultaneously.

Condition for the implementation of the procedure is that the heating system 2 is turned on and provides sufficient heat to heat the rooms.

If the system detects a poorly balanced hydraulic pipe system 4 the heating system 2 is present, the reaction consists in the stroke h of the radiator valves 11 of radiators 3 with higher values of the heating dynamics k _therm (corresponds to a rapid heating of the room and thus a good heat supply), for example in the radiator room thermostat 9 to limit. The limitation takes place in an iterative process until the heating dynamics k _{therm of} all radiators 3 are about the same. A parameterisable minimum stroke h _min must not be undercut.

By limiting the stroke h, the flow of the heat carrier through a radiator 3 with a larger value of the heating dynamics k _therm so limited. In consequence is the poorly balanced radiators 3 a larger amount of the heat carrier available. To limit the stroke h is the corresponding radiator room temperature controller 9 transmits a maximum value h _max for the hub. In normal control mode, the radiator room thermostat becomes 9 do not exceed this maximum value h _max .

If the radiator is too large 3 can also be the stroke h of the radiator room temperature controller 9 be limited, reducing the maximum heat output of this radiator 3 is also limited.

The information obtained by the system about the hydraulic balancing of the heating system 2 can be prepared in a suitable form prepared for the user. This can be done, for example, by a display on a central control unit 12 respectively. The user can thus inform himself about the current state of the system and, if necessary, carry out manual readjustments, such as changing the valve presetting.

By allows constant monitoring of the heating dynamics the method is an automatic adaptation to changing hydraulic Conditions. Therefore, by the inventive Method and according to the implementation of this Method set up a system easy to handle created for the automatic adjustment of a heating system, the especially automatically can be kept up to date, without that a manual adjustment is required.

1

computer unit

2

heating system

3

radiator

4

Two pipe system Fluid flow system

5

supply line

6

Return line

7

heat generator

8th

Apartments

9

Radiator Room temperature controller

10

detector

11

radiator valve

12

Control Center Control unit, arithmetic unit and comparator

13

Consumption value detection device Heat cost allocators

14

Flow temperature sensor Room or radiator temperature

θ

Room- or radiator temperature

^θ start

temperature at the start of the heating phase

^θ end

temperature at the end of the heating phase (desired setpoint temperature)

θ _target

set temperature

θ _is

Actual temperature

^t start

Time at the start of the heating phase

^t end

Time at the end of the heating phase

θ (t)

Differential equation, transfer element

k _therm

Aufheizdynamik

t _T

dead

H

Valve position, Stroke of a radiator valve

VZ

Heating area supply state

Δ _log

Radiators overtemperature

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 10003394 A1 [0005]
• - DE 4221725 [0006]
• - DE 10243076 A1 [0007]

Claims (14)

Method for detecting the hydraulic balancing of a heating system ( 2 ) via a fluid flow system ( 4 ) connected radiators ( 3 ), characterized in that for each radiator ( 3 ) the thermal dynamics of a through the radiator ( 3 ) indicating the heated space and the characteristic values of several radiators ( 3 ) and / or several temporally successive characteristics of a radiator ( 3 ) for detecting a hydraulic over or under supply of a radiator ( 3 ) are compared. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the characteristic value is a heating dynamics (k _therm ). A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the characteristic value is the dead time (t _T ) between a preset for increasing the room temperature (θ) and the beginning of a heating process. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic value is the temporal change of radiator temperatures (θ, Δ _log ) and / or radiator supply states (VZ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic value by a transmission element and / or a differential equation D (θ) is shown, whose parameters are determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic values for all radiators ( 3 ) be determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the characteristic values at each temperature change on a radiator ( 3 ) be determined. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the detection of the hydraulic balancing iteratively. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after a detection of the hydraulic balancing or state, a hydraulic balancing in particular by means of regulation of the fluid flow through individual radiators ( 3 ) after detection of a hydraulic over- or undersupply of the radiator ( 3 ) is carried out. System for the detection of hydraulic balancing of a heating system ( 2 ) with fluid-flow radiators ( 3 ) with a detection device ( 10 . 13 ) for detecting the room temperature (θ) of a radiator ( 3 ) heated space, a radiator temperature (θ) and / or a valve position (h) of a radiator valve, a computing unit ( 1 . 12 ) for determining the thermal dynamics of a through the radiator ( 3 ) indicating the heated room from the detected room temperature (θ), radiator temperature (θ) and / or valve position (h) and a comparison device ( 12 ) for comparing a characteristic value with the characteristics of other radiators ( 3 ) and / or several temporally successive characteristics of a radiator ( 3 ). System according to claim 10, characterized in that the detection device in a heat cost allocator ( 13 ) and / or a single room temperature control ( 10 ) is integrated. System according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the arithmetic unit ( 1 ) in a single room control and / or a heating cost detection device and / or a central control unit ( 12 ) is integrated. System according to claim 12, characterized in that a plurality of individual room temperature regulations ( 10 ), Consumption value recording devices ( 13 ) and / or the central control unit ( 12 ) communicate a heating circuit with each other. System according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a control device ( 12 ) for carrying out hydraulic balancing, in particular by adjusting the valve lift (h) of a radiator valve ( 11 ) is provided.