DE102006048947A1 - Control unit and method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle - Google Patents
Control unit and method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102006048947A1 DE102006048947A1 DE102006048947A DE102006048947A DE102006048947A1 DE 102006048947 A1 DE102006048947 A1 DE 102006048947A1 DE 102006048947 A DE102006048947 A DE 102006048947A DE 102006048947 A DE102006048947 A DE 102006048947A DE 102006048947 A1 DE102006048947 A1 DE 102006048947A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- vehicle
- trailer
- control unit
- angle
- value
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005236 sound signal Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D13/00—Steering specially adapted for trailers
- B62D13/06—Steering specially adapted for trailers for backing a normally drawn trailer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
- B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
- B62D15/027—Parking aids, e.g. instruction means
- B62D15/028—Guided parking by providing commands to the driver, e.g. acoustically or optically
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D15/00—Steering not otherwise provided for
- B62D15/02—Steering position indicators ; Steering position determination; Steering aids
- B62D15/027—Parking aids, e.g. instruction means
- B62D15/0285—Parking performed automatically
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Control Of Driving Devices And Active Controlling Of Vehicle (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steuereinheit für einen an ein Fahrzeug (10) anzukuppelnden Anhänger (12), mit welcher dieser aus einer ersten Stellung (16) in eine zweite Stellung (18) in Bezug auf das Fahrzeug (10) verstellbar ist, wobei die Steuereinheit mit einem Informationsgeber einer Fahrtrichtung und einem Bedienelement des Fahrzeugs (10), insbesondere für einen Fahrtrichtungsanzeiger (20, 22), verbindbar ist und in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrtrichtung und einem von dem Bedienelement bereitgestellten Betätigungssignal schaltbar ist. Des Weiteren wird ein Verfahren zum Verstellen eines an ein Fahrzeug (10) angekuppelten Anhängers (12) beschrieben.The The invention relates to a control unit for a vehicle (10). trailer to be coupled (12), with which this from a first position (16) in one second position (18) with respect to the vehicle (10) adjustable is, wherein the control unit with an information source of a direction of travel and an operating element of the vehicle (10), in particular for a vehicle Direction indicator (20, 22), connectable and depending from the direction of travel and one provided by the operating element actuating signal is switchable. Furthermore, a method for adjusting a to a vehicle (10) coupled trailer (12) described.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Steuereinheit für einen an ein Fahrzeug anzukuppelnden Anhänger gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Des Weiteren wird ein Verfahren zum Verstellen eines an ein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers beschrieben.The The invention relates to a control unit for a to be coupled to a vehicle Trailer according to the generic term of claim 1. Furthermore, a method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle.
Ein sicheres Rückwärtsfahren eines Fahrzeugs mit einem daran angekuppelten Anhänger erfordert viel Fahrerfahrung und räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen von Seiten des Fahrers. Vor allem bei einem Einparken mit einem Anhänger kommt es häufig aufgrund eines vom Fahrer ungünstig gewählten Lenkwinkels zu einem Zusammenstoß mit einem benachbarten Hindernis oder zu einem Einknicken des Gespanns.One safe reversing a vehicle with a trailer attached thereto requires a lot of driving experience and spatial imagination from the driver's side. Especially when parking with one pendant it happens often due to one of the driver unfavorable selected Steering angle to a collision with an adjacent obstacle or to a buckling of the team.
Die
Die
Des
Weiteren betrifft die
Das
Herstellen eines Gegenstands gemäß der
Eine weitere Möglichkeit zum Erleichtern eines Einparkens eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Anhänger besteht in einem verstellbaren Anhängerassistenten und einem Bedienelement zum Steuern des Anhängerassistenten. Dabei ist der Anhängerassistent, beispielsweise eine Deichsel, so ausgelegt, dass eine Stellung des Anhängers bezüglich des Fahrzeugs durch ein Betätigen des Bedienelements des Anhängerassistenten veränderbar ist. insbesondere kann der Fahrer auf diese Weise einen durch die Mittellängsachse des Fahrzeugs und einer Mittellängsachse des Anhängers definierten Winkel so einstellen, dass das Fahrzeug-Anhänger-Gespann eine Rückwärtskurve in eine Parklücke leichter und sicherer ausführen kann. Allerdings empfinden vor allem Fahrer, welche selten mit einem Anhänger fahren, dass Betätigen des Bedienelements des Anhängerassistenten zum manuellen Ausrichten des Anhängers für eine Rückwärtskurve als sehr kompliziert. Dies kann dazu führen, dass es trotz einer Verwendung eines entsprechenden Anhängerassistenten bei einem Einparken zu einem Zusammenstoß mit einem benachbarten Hindernis kommt.A another possibility to facilitate parking a vehicle with a trailer in an adjustable trailer assistant and a control for controlling the trailer assistant. It is the trailer assistant, For example, a drawbar, designed so that a position of the trailer in terms of of the vehicle by pressing the control element of the trailer assistant variable is. In particular, the driver in this way one through the central longitudinal axis of the vehicle and a central longitudinal axis of the trailer set the angle so that the vehicle-trailer-trailer a reverse curve in a parking space easier and safer run can. However, especially drivers, which rarely with one pendant drive that pressing the control element of the trailer assistant for manual alignment of the trailer for one reverse curve as very complicated. This can cause it despite a usage a corresponding trailer assistant parking into a collision with an adjacent obstacle comes.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, eine kostengünstige Möglichkeit bereitzustellen, welche dem Fahrer eines Fahrzeugs mit einem Anhänger das Rückwärtsfahren, insbesondere beim Einparken, erleichtert.The The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a cost-effective possibility which the driver of a vehicle with a trailer reversing, especially when Parking, relieved.
Die Aufgabe wird durch eine Steuereinheit für einen an ein Fahrzeug anzukuppelnden Anhänger gemäß dem Anspruch 1 und ein Verfahren zum Verstellen eines an ein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers gemäß dem Anspruch 6 gelöst.The Task is performed by a control unit for a to be coupled to a vehicle Trailer according to the claim 1 and a method for adjusting a vehicle coupled to a trailer according to the claim 6 solved.
Eine erfindungsgemäße Steuereinheit ist mit einem Informationsgeber einer Fahrtrichtung und einem Bedienelement des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere für einen Fahrtrichtungsanzeiger, verbindbar und in Abhängigkeit von der Fahrtrichtung und einem von dem Bedienelement bereitgestellten Betätigungssignal schaltbar.A inventive control unit is with an information provider a direction of travel and a control element of the vehicle, in particular for a direction indicator, connectable and dependent from the direction of travel and one provided by the operating element actuating signal switchable.
Die Erfindung beruht auf der Erkenntnis, dass es viele Fahrer als sehr umständlich empfinden, wenn sie während einer Rückwärtsfahrt ein von ihnen selten benutztes Eingabeelement betätigen müssen. Dies ist jedoch der Fall, wenn ein Bedienelement, durch welches eine Stellung eines an ein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers in Bezug auf das Fahrzeug steuerbar ist, nur diese Funktion erfüllt. Andererseits finden es viele Fahrer verwirrend, wenn sie zum Verstellen eines Anhängers ein Bedienelement verwenden müssen, welches auch zur Steuerung einer weiteren, während einer Rückwärtsfahrt benötigten Funktion dient. Deshalb lehnen viele Fahrer ein Verstellen des Anhängers über eine Betätigung des Lenkrads ab. Ein manuelles Verstellen eines Anhängers ist während einer Rückwärtsfahrt für einen Fahrer gerade dann leichter durchzuführen, wenn er dazu ein Betätigungselement verwendet, dessen Betätigung ihm relativ vertraut ist und das gleichzeitig an eine Funktion gekoppelt ist, welche mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit während einer Rückwärtsfahrt nicht gesteuert werden muss. Durch die vorliegende Erfindung ist dies gewährleistet. Da ein Fahrer häufig die Fahrzeuglichter, eine elektrische Spiegelverstellung oder einen Scheibenwischer währen einer Fahrt aktivieren oder deaktivieren muss, ist ihm das Betätigen der zugehörigen Bedienelemente so vertraut, dass er dazu keinen Blickkontakt mit den Bedienelementen benötigt. Gleichzeitig besteht für einen Fahrer unter normalen Bedingungen kein Anlass, während einer Rückwärtsfahrt ein Fahrzeuglicht, eine elektrische Spiegelverstellung oder einen Scheibenwischer zu aktivieren oder zu deaktivieren. Damit erleichtert die vorliegende Erfindung einem Fahrer das Verstellen eines an sein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers während einer Rückwärtsfahrt, wie beispielsweise einer Rückwärtskurve.The invention is based on the recognition that many drivers find it very cumbersome to have to actuate an input element seldom used by them during a reverse drive. However, this is the case when a control element, by which a position of a trailer coupled to a vehicle is controllable with respect to the vehicle, only fulfills this function. On the other hand, many drivers find it confusing when they need to use a control element for adjusting a trailer, which also ei for controlling ner further, during a reverse drive required function. Therefore, many drivers refuse to adjust the trailer via an actuation of the steering wheel. A manual adjustment of a trailer is easier to perform during a reverse drive for a driver, if he uses an actuator whose operation is relatively familiar to him and which is simultaneously coupled to a function which is highly unlikely to be controlled during a reverse drive , This is ensured by the present invention. Since a driver often has to activate or deactivate the vehicle lights, an electric mirror adjustment or a windshield wiper during a drive, the actuation of the associated operating elements is so familiar to him that he does not need any eye contact with the operating elements. At the same time, under normal conditions, there is no need for a driver to activate or deactivate a vehicle light, an electric mirror adjustment or a windshield wiper during a reverse drive. Thus, the present invention facilitates a driver's adjustment of a trailer coupled to his vehicle during a reverse drive, such as a reverse turn.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Steuern einer Stellung eines an ein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers ist gekennzeichnet durch Erfassen einer dem Fahrzeug vorgegebenen Fahrtrichtung, Erfassen einer Betätigung eines ersten Bedienelements des Fahrzeugs, insbesondere eines Bedienelements für einen Fahrtrichtungsanzeiger, und, falls das erste Bedienelement betätigt wird, während die dem Fahrzeug vorgegebene Fahrtrichtung eine Rückwärtsfahrt ist, Verstellen des Anhängers aus der ersten Stellung in die zweite Stellung. Damit vereinfacht auch das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren einem Fahrer ein Rückwärtsfahren, insbesondere bei einem Einparken, mit einem Anhänger.The inventive method for controlling a position of a trailer hitched to a vehicle characterized by detecting a direction of travel predetermined by the vehicle, detecting an operation a first operating element of the vehicle, in particular a control element for one Direction indicator, and, if the first operating element is actuated, while the vehicle's direction of travel is a reverse drive is, adjusting the trailer from the first position to the second position. Simplified also the inventive method reversing a driver, especially when parking, with a trailer.
Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen der erfindungsgemäßen Steuereinheit und des Verfahrens zum Steuern einer Stellung eines an ein Fahrzeug angekuppelten Anhängers sind in den Unteransprüchen beschrieben. Die dem Fahrzeug vorgegebene Fahrtrichtung kann dabei sowohl durch ein Erfassen der aktuellen Fahrtrichtung oder durch ein Bestimmen des eingelegten Gangs des Fahrzeugs ermittelt werden.advantageous Further developments of the control unit according to the invention and of the method for Controlling a position of a trailer hitched to a vehicle in the subclaims described. The direction of travel given to the vehicle can thereby both by detecting the current direction of travel or by Determining the engaged gear of the vehicle can be determined.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nun anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen:preferred embodiments The present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings explained in more detail in which:
In
Über den
am Kugelkopf der Deichsel
In
Das
Fahrzeug
In
umgekehrter Weise bewirkt ein Betätigen des Blinkerhebels zum
Aktivieren der linken Blinklichter
Da
ein Fahrer während
einer Fahrt den Blinkerhebel oft benutzt, bereitet es ihm keine
Schwierigkeiten diesen zu betätigen,
während
er gleichzeitig aus der Heckscheibe blickt und/oder die Hände am Lenkrad
hat. Damit ist das Steuern der Deichsel
Der
Winkel α ist
jederzeit während
einer Rückwärtsfahrt änderbar,
so dass das System aus dem Fahrzeug
Anhand
der
Ergibt
die Fahrtrichtungsanalyse
Anschließend ermittelt
die Steuereinheit
Die Ermittlung des Sollwerts für den Winkel α erfolgt anhand eines einfachen Fahrzeugmodells mit oder ohne Berücksichtigung von Seitenkräften. Die Einstellung des Sollwerts für den Winkel α kann über eine entsprechende Ansteuerung der elektromechanischen Lenkung auch automatisch erfolgen.The determination of the setpoint for the angle α is based on a simple vehicle model with or without consideration of lateral forces. The setting of the desired value for the angle α can also be done automatically via a corresponding control of the electromechanical steering.
Selbstverständlich kann
die Steuereinheit
- 1010
- Fahrzeugvehicle
- 1212
- Anhängerpendant
- 1414
- Deichselshaft
- 1515
- DrehwinkelsensorRotation angle sensor
- 16 und 1816 and 18
- Linienlines
- 2020
- linke Blinklichterleft Flashing Lights
- 2222
- rechte Blinklichterright Flashing Lights
- 2424
- Steuereinheitcontrol unit
- 2626
- Fahrzeugbusvehicle bus
- 28 und 3028 and 30
- Informationeninformation
- 3232
- FahrtrichtungsanalyseDirection Analysis
- αα
- Winkelangle
- αSoll α target
- Steuersignalcontrol signal
- S1 bis S6S1 to S6
- Schrittesteps
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006048947.0A DE102006048947B4 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Control unit and method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006048947.0A DE102006048947B4 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Control unit and method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE102006048947A1 true DE102006048947A1 (en) | 2008-04-24 |
DE102006048947B4 DE102006048947B4 (en) | 2017-11-23 |
Family
ID=39198345
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DE102006048947.0A Expired - Fee Related DE102006048947B4 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Control unit and method for adjusting a trailer coupled to a vehicle |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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Cited By (54)
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WO2014019730A1 (en) | 2012-08-03 | 2014-02-06 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for manoeuvring a trailer |
DE102013000198A1 (en) | 2013-01-08 | 2014-07-10 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Method for ranking of car/trailer combination, involves performing maneuvering of towing vehicle with active steering assistance while maintaining predetermined direction of travel up to final parking position |
US9233710B2 (en) | 2014-03-06 | 2016-01-12 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system using gesture commands and method |
US9290203B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-03-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer length estimation in hitch angle applications |
US9290204B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-03-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle monitoring system and method |
US9290202B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-03-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method of calibrating a trailer backup assist system |
US9315212B1 (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2016-04-19 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer sensor module and associated method of wireless trailer identification and motion estimation |
US9335163B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-05-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer length estimation in hitch angle applications |
US9340228B2 (en) | 2014-10-13 | 2016-05-17 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer motion and parameter estimation system |
US9352777B2 (en) | 2013-10-31 | 2016-05-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Methods and systems for configuring of a trailer maneuvering system |
US9374562B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-06-21 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for calculating a horizontal camera to target distance |
US9434414B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-09-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for determining a hitch angle offset |
US9500497B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-11-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method of inputting an intended backing path |
US9506774B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-11-29 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Method of inputting a path for a vehicle and trailer |
US9511799B2 (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2016-12-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Object avoidance for a trailer backup assist system |
US9513103B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2016-12-06 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle sensor assembly |
US9517668B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2016-12-13 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle warning system and method |
US9522699B2 (en) | 2015-02-05 | 2016-12-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system with adaptive steering angle limits |
US9522677B2 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2016-12-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Mitigation of input device failure and mode management |
US9533683B2 (en) | 2014-12-05 | 2017-01-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Sensor failure mitigation system and mode management |
US9555832B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2017-01-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Display system utilizing vehicle and trailer dynamics |
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US9592851B2 (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2017-03-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Control modes for a trailer backup assist system |
US9607242B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2017-03-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Target monitoring system with lens cleaning device |
US9610975B1 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-04-04 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle detection for trailer backup assist system |
US9616923B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 | 2017-04-11 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Topographical integration for trailer backup assist system |
US9683848B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2017-06-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System for determining hitch angle |
US9796228B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-10-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle detection for trailer backup assist system |
US9798953B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-10-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Template matching solution for locating trailer hitch point |
US9804022B2 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2017-10-31 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for hitch angle detection |
US9827818B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-11-28 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Multi-stage solution for trailer hitch angle initialization |
US9836060B2 (en) | 2015-10-28 | 2017-12-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system with target management |
US9854209B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2017-12-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Display system utilizing vehicle and trailer dynamics |
US9896130B2 (en) | 2015-09-11 | 2018-02-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Guidance system for a vehicle reversing a trailer along an intended backing path |
US9926008B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2018-03-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system with waypoint selection |
US9934572B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2018-04-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Drawbar scan solution for locating trailer hitch point |
US9937953B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2018-04-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup offset determination |
US9963004B2 (en) | 2014-07-28 | 2018-05-08 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer sway warning system and method |
US9969428B2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2018-05-15 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system with waypoint selection |
US10005492B2 (en) | 2016-02-18 | 2018-06-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer length and hitch angle bias estimation |
US10011228B2 (en) | 2015-12-17 | 2018-07-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Hitch angle detection for trailer backup assist system using multiple imaging devices |
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US10046800B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2018-08-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer wheel targetless trailer angle detection |
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US10112646B2 (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2018-10-30 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Turn recovery human machine interface for trailer backup assist |
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US10222804B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-03-05 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Inertial reference for TBA speed limiting |
US10384607B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2019-08-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer backup assist system with hitch angle offset estimation |
US10611407B2 (en) | 2015-10-19 | 2020-04-07 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Speed control for motor vehicles |
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US10829046B2 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-11-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer angle detection using end-to-end learning |
US11077795B2 (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2021-08-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Trailer angle detection using end-to-end learning |
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2006
- 2006-10-17 DE DE102006048947.0A patent/DE102006048947B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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