DE102006047678A1 - Erosion protection mattress for river bed below e.g. bridge, has upper layer with rough three dimensional structure such as wire of non-plastic filaments, where mattress is divided into longitudinal compartments - Google Patents

Abstract

The erosion protection mattress (device) and its bulk or horizontal filling (method) are the subject of the invention. The main advantage of this erosion protection mattress over the known technical base fortifications on bridges and hydraulic structures in (flowing) waters is their ecological continuity. Water insects / invertebrates can penetrate into the three-dimensionally structured permeable surface of the mattress and migrate as usual in the size-matched niches of the substrate upstream. In the process, the substrate (geological and biogenic material) is held together, preventing erosion even during flood discharge. Disadvantage of previous Sohlbefestigungen is either the absence of niches in concrete slabs, mastic asphalt o. Ä., Or too large dimensioned niches in coarse gravel and rock fillets, where strong vortex formation is hostile to hostile.
Depending on the application, the erosion protection mattress is equipped with bars in the front (2), rear (4), side (3, 5) or between (6) longitudinal compartments (1) through which the mattress can be lowered by means of ground screws or cling (holes (7) attached to the ground or several mattresses can be connected to layers.

Description

1st topic

The with natural predominantly geological substrate filled erosion protection or (geo-) plastic lattice mattress is in the ecological oriented hydraulic engineering as erosion protection for the riverbed especially below of bridges and other hydraulic structures or used in the field of paved soles. The erosion protection mattress is ecological continuously.

moreover can technical construction of fish ladders with mattresses retrofitted and so promote the rise of invertebrates over these plants.

2. State of the art

The river bottom below bridges (bridge foot or foundation) etc. is according to the current state of the art from erosion in particular in terms of flood drains by massive stone or ballast, concrete slabs or concrete lattice secured.*

stones (Water bricks) or gravel z. T. also by partial or Full potting associated with dense or permeable grout. Underneath is a filter followed by the floor or another Sealing layer. Furthermore, soot surfaces are used as dense outer layers (asphalt concrete, Gießasphalt, cement-bound material) or permeable cover layers (concrete composite stones, Columns pavement, Wire ballast mats) executed. Although these construction methods for the waterway construction, So for larger canalized Flowing waters are, they are also z. T. for bridge fixings in natural waters perceived. **

• * allgegenwärtige Praxis
• ** siehe: Wasserbauliche Mitteilungen der Universität Dresden – Belastung, Stabilisierung und Befestigung von Sohlen und Böschungen wasserbaulicher Anlagen: Vorträge zum Wasserbaukolloquium vom 16.03. bis 17.03.2000/Dresdner Wasserbauliche Mitteilungen Heft 18, ISBN 3-86005-243-8
• *** www.uni-stuttgart.de/igs/content/publications/75.pdf

Furthermore, there are examinations of the University of Stuttgart with geogrid-clad stone mattresses for the attachment of dam embankments. It's about eliminating the failure of single-stone erosion. "For the experiments baskets" in three lengths (...) with a height of 25 cm were produced with two different types of geogrids each and then sealed all around. In addition, with the help of commercially available cable ties at a grid spacing of about 0.35 m × 0 , 35 m the lower layer of the geogrid is selectively connected to the upper layer so as to prevent as far as possible the possibility of movement of the stones within the mattress ... "***

• * ubiquitous practice
• ** please refer: Hydraulic communications of the University of Dresden - load, stabilization and attachment of soles and embankments of hydraulic engineering facilities: Lectures on the Waterworks Colloquium from 16.03. to 17.03.2000 / Dresdner Wasserbauliche Mitteilungen Issue 18, ISBN 3-86005-243-8
• *** www.uni-stuttgart.de/igs/content/publications/75.pdf

3rd problem

all Variants of the prior art for the protection of the riverbed is a common foundation: Large stones or gravel are used or the sole is fastened by concrete.

there These are materials that are essential for aquatic invertebrates (Invertebrates, aquatic insects) are not consistent. They lack the niches, small rooms - in which the flow is not can penetrate - to Locomotion and food intake. The at a stone / ballast or also correspond with the so-called stone mattresses resulting gaps not the one for the upstream migration sizing required by invertebrates. The water flows through it - hardly braked - this Cavities. The occurring strong vortex formations are hostile to colonization.

The paved soles thus become permanent obstacles to migration for the Micro and mini fauna - the ecological continuity the river is impaired. However, this is not universally apparent (for the layman). It is perceived only indirectly: ascending fish is missing Food. Above the fortified Sohlstrecken are often found only Evertebraten in the waters, which airworthy Developing developmental stages and thereby overcome the obstacles to migration can. This selection leads ultimately from the selection of Ichthyofauna.

4. Solution including accomplished advantages

The Task to specify solitary material so that the natural migration ensures the water insects, but the erosion protection for the Hydraulic structures or bridges Also under flood discharge also secured, was with this erosion protection mattress - one three-dimensionally structured substrate-filled (geo-) plastic lattice mattress - solved.

These Kind of ecological acceptable Erosion control was for developed small and medium-sized rivers. Special variants with Webs, anchoring in the ground or the networking of mattresses serve one another, are also suitable for use in larger rivers or rivers medium size, at those real flood drains occur.

For streams like Oder, Elbe or Rhine or large waterways they are not designed.

The three-dimensionally structured (geo) lattice mat (Wirrlage) ( 9 ) with stools ( 18 ) o. Ä., Which forms the boundary layer to the water, is permeable to the invertebrates. The animals find their way to the (wire) confusion of endless filaments - comparable to a root system. So you can first in the three-dimensional layer and then in the filling ( 8th ), which consist of geological substrate ( 22 ) - enriched with biogenic material ( 23 ) - exists, penetrate.

The filling the (geo-) plastic lattice mattress is made of gravel, pebbles, Stones, deadwood and bark pieces, Moss, cones and, if necessary, parts of clay globules (Geoton) together. The substrate corresponds to natural sole material.

Therefore Invertebrates / aquatic insects also find suitable niches and structures that they are for need their hike.

When so-called single grain, however, this material has towing voltage values on, which are well below those of large stones. Gravel etc. would be at be carried along a flood discharge. That's why the little ones Pebbles etc. in a big one Mattress packed.

The (Geo-) plastic mesh is or the boundary layers are dimensioned that the filling is held - both in view of the grain size of the substrates as well as possible Tensile forces. And as package now a towing voltage value is reached, which is the clearly exceeds loose stones. Ie. the package - the substrate-filled (Geo-) lattice mattress - will not washed away by a flood.

For the use erosion protection mattresses in larger (flowing) waters or on sloping surfaces (shallow embankments) Different variants were developed, the webs for attachment the mattresses in the underground by means of ground screws or construction or Floor clamps (double nails) have. The attachment causes drift or slippage prevented.

The optimal underlayer of the (geo-) plastic lattice mattress forms also a three-dimensional random orientation of endless filaments so-called. wires with bumps / honeycomb structure o. Ä. By doing so can the invertebrates not only penetrate into the natural sole; the rough structure produces a cross-linking with the ground, and also protects against erosion. Between two superimposed mattresses leads the high-low structure to dig.

Of the highest Degree of nature is achieved if a minor loose layer of gravel is applied to the upper mattress layer. However, this sets the tolerance of removal with a flood and is not because of the risk of misalignment at each installation point justifiable.

Further embodiment of invention

The Erosion protection mattress consists of at least three layers. The Upwardly and downwardly delimiting layers are of (geo) plastic mesh / (wire) buried layers.

This (Geo-) lattice optimally has a three-dimensional structure on. In each case, a (wire) wedge of endless filaments is used. The outward facing surface shows a high-low structure (eg cusp, honeycomb structure or the like).

The surface facing the substrate layer the Wirrlage or Kombiwirrlage (described below) should be relatively flat to ensure trouble-free filling.

In order to keep the weight of the substrate during filling, transport, laying and possible removal (eg for repair work on the hydraulic structure), the mattress of larger mattresses by a flat coarse (Geo-) plastic mesh, which is characterized by a high tensile strength, supported. This (geo-) plastic grid is to be understood as a rectangular, hexagonal (or honeycomb) grid or as a large perforated film. ( 13 . 14 . 15 )

Wireswirrlage and even grid are connected by welding, gluing or sewing together and thus form a unit (common layer = Kombiwirrlage or support layer). It is also possible to use the plane (geo) grid as the basis for the endless filament tangle, ie the wires (filaments) hang in the grid as they come out of the extruder. ( 18 , bottom) Such manufacturing techniques are well known in the plastics processing.

For small mattresses constructed without additional planar (geo) lattice, for the three-dimensional layer use is made of a smooth-soled (wire) swathe (to the substrate layer) and welded wire points which increase stability. ( 16 . 17 )

Between the described layers is the substrate geo- and of biological origin (substrate layer / filling).

Upper and lower layers are involved connected by sewing (welding, gluing) in such a way that a subdivision into longitudinal compartments ( 1 ). It is possible to use internal webs ( 12 ) or to process the material in such a way that flexible internal webs ( 18 ). In this way one achieves a higher layer thickness for the substrate layer.

The seamless versions are designed to be used in duplicate. ( 10 ) This also achieves the necessary strength to optimally protect against erosion. The advantage of this variant is on the one hand the overlapping laying of the mattresses and on the other hand the easier handling during installation due to the lower weight.

If an erosion protection mattress without internal webs is only laid in a single layer, flow in the area of the compartment seams can get into the subsoil. The single-layer application of this embodiment is therefore recommended only for retrofitting existing paved soles in which only the ecological continuity for the aquatic invertebrates to be restored. ( 11 )

A drawing also shows a mattress variant, in principle two mattress layers ( 6 above) are united. Ie. there is a top layer of the three-dimensional random layer connected to a coarse planar (geo-) plastic grid layer; This is followed by a substrate layer. Then comes a (geo-) plastic mesh layer. Then comes again a substrate layer, and the conclusion forms the lower layer, which is constructed like the upper class. The upper and lower layers are much wider from the blank than the (geo) plastic mesh layer in the middle. With the filling so flexible internal mattress bridges ( 18 ), because the substrate presses against each other. The staggered arrangement of the seams for the longitudinal compartments means that nowhere is a lower mattress thickness occurs. Compared to the double layer of other mattresses, it offers the advantage of saving a work process during transport and installation, namely in each case a mattress loading and relocation. This variant is particularly suitable for sole mounting in small bodies of water.

Another feature of Erosionschutzmatratzen is an unfilled area of superimposed (geo-) plastic mesh layers, which results at the front end after closing the filled compartments by sewing (welding, gluing). This front bar ( 2 ), which arises from the upper and lower layer and should be at least about 25 cm to 30 cm, serves the overlapping laying of the mattresses of a layer. In this case, the rear end of the mattress arranged above in the flow direction is placed over the front web of the next in the flow direction.

An attachment of the mattress is also possible via the front bar, if this with construction or floor brackets (double nails) ( 13 ) or screws ( 14 ) is anchored in the ground. Thus, a slippage of the mattresses is excluded in flood drains, this concerns in particular the first row in the flow direction.

Another variant is with wide side bars ( 3 ) fitted. These help to overlap rows of laid mattresses and prevent erosion between them. ( 7 ) Also, the lower layer of these mattresses can be additionally secured by means of double nails or screws against lateral drift.

However, the mattresses are always overlapped with a longitudinal compartment. So that the overlap does not stand out prominently with respect to the mattress layer, the outer longitudinal compartments are therefore only provided with a partial filling (half filling). ( 7 )

A further variant of the overlap results when the marginal longitudinal compartment of a mattress is executed in two layers and in the resulting gap the marginal longitudinal compartment of the adjacent mattress is inserted. All participating compartments are each provided with only about one third of the usual compartment fill. Since in the cross-sectional view the double layer looks like a kind of mouth, the side is also called the jaw side. (Mouth overlap) ( 8th )

In order to exclude the lateral drift of the superficial mattress layer, one embodiment variant sees a narrow web on both side edges of each mattress ( 5 ) in front. They are connected by screws or rivets. This networking of the mattresses is intended for the upper mattress layer and use in medium to large rivers with real occurring flood drains.

For the downstream last mattress row is a mattress type with rear (wide) mounting bar ( 4 ) intended. The element of upper and lower layer anchored in the subsurface prevents the pool below the mattress layer.

For the use of the erosion protection mattresses on inclined planes / slopes, there is additionally a variant with flat webs ( 6 ), which is located between the longitudinal compartments are orders. These webs are also provided with holes or double holes to additionally anchor the mattress by means of floor brackets or ground screws.

All Stages can by an additional incorporated layer of (geo) textile between the upper and lower layers reinforced be. The holes should be a reinforced Own edge to a ripping to prevent.

All Connections through seams - in particular or at least the outer seams of the longitudinal compartments - are known as double seams perform, by failure of a seam not the failure of a longitudinal compartment or the mattress to effect.

The Mattresses are offered in standardized sizes. The hole distances are the same for all bars. This will make it possible mattresses of different Sizes together to couple and thus also surfaces, that are twisted to cover. Furthermore, mattresses can be longitudinal and transverse or even connected by two layers.

typical Mattress sizes could z. B. 2/4/6/8 or 2.5 / 5.0 / 7.5 meters in length and width. These Describe dimensions the size of the filled longitudinal compartments minus half overlap area (according to the future Laying instructions of the respective design variants). This is the determination of the number and sizes of mattresses for the respective project and area investigation easy to handle.

The Material of the (plane) (geo-) lattice as well as the filaments of the perturbations is a (geo) plastic or a combination of (geo-) plastics that especially characterized by a high tensile strength. It used are polymers which are resistant to water (in customary Water temperatures) Weathering and chemicals, as commonly found in soil, surface or Groundwater occur, resistant are. For Mattresses that are laid at low drainage depth is on additionally UV-stabilized (geo) grids recourse. The material itself must not be toxic. For the flat (geo-) plastic mesh come both extrusion products - single or double stretched - like woven coated or coated coarse textile fabrics are used.

The following Polymers and their derivatives are u. a. Applicable: polyamide (PA), aramid (aromatic PA), polyethylene (PE), polyester / polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PES / PET), polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and carbon fibers. The specific ones Properties of the polymers can thereby by the use of stabilizers, color pigments etc. improved be.

It These are plastics that are not exclusively for the geo- or earth or hydraulic engineering must be determined Therefore, the term used here is geogrid for plastic mesh to understand the said polymers.

The Endless filaments, the u. a. also called wires, can be diameter that described in the literature for wires of wire whorls Outperform your strengths. The endless filaments must also not all of the same diameter within the disorder (-n) have. So it can be in a random filaments of z. B. 0.5 mm and 1.2 mm thickness give.

For use in small waters with low water level Especially in urban areas is the optimal color of these (geo-) latticed mattresses gray, light gray, stone gray, blue gray, green gray or beige - simple so as not to attract attention in the water. (Aesthetics)

Other advantages

Another advantage that goes beyond the permissible migration of the invertebrates and the erosion protection, results from the relatively flat mattress surface. In contrast to coarse gravel or rock fillets, which have a high roughness (= small k _St value) and vortex formation, resulting in flood discharge to flow greater runoff height or depth, the mattress layer behaves similar to a flat z. B. Concrete layer. There is no additional backlog created.

Instead is through the longitudinal compartmentalization the mattresses promoted the rapid outflow.

For the hike from Evertebraten the three - dimensional structured surface of the Mattresses double positive. This not only enables - as already described - that Ingress of aquatic insects, it also promotes sedimentation of sand, finally flooded into the mattress and the geological filling so to speak completed. The at normal discharge usually forming sand layer on the mattress layer is used for fishing u. a. to find food or to ditch temporarily (or in case of danger), as it is z. B. Steinbeißer do. There the erosion protection mattresses no hard surface or protruding tips no fish will hurt themselves. For ballast - especially at low water discharge heights - slits yourself fish & a. the bellies.

One resulting from the nature of the product advantage lies in resizing. While z. As concrete lattice or plates (laterally below bridges) exactly have to be measured so no gaps created in the erosion protection system, the mattresses can be quite push something closer together or have overlapping by the Laying a lateral margin, so that they are also a few inches more area can cover as according to the intended calculation.

has the waters a relatively low runoff - about to Hip height - and normal Flow, d. H. no flooding, is a laying of the mattresses possible with normal outflow. The waters does not need to be diverted, dammed up above or the drainage width limited become.

Of the Installation of additional Anti-erosion mats / filter layers, as often below Coarse gravel or riprap be applied, unnecessary yourself.

The Erosion protection mattresses are z. B. for renovation purposes on the bridge foundation destructively removable and can subsequently be relocated again. This possibility is at cover layers of z. As Giesasphalt or wire ballast mats not given.

For smaller ones Projects or private use, it proves to be advantageous the mattresses also unfilled and the substrate filling separately in the trade (hardware store) to offer. The filling of small mattresses can also on site by pouring by means of z. B. a sewer pipe. The closure the longitudinal compartments Then done by cable ties, brackets o. Ä.

A possible use in the private sector z. B. smaller in the attachment waterside slopes a plot or a boat mooring, where otherwise expensive pile driving would be necessary.

Becomes a (river) body of water sports used in which these erosion protection mattresses are used, Both advantages and a disadvantage arise.

For canoes exists at low drainage depth (eg under a bridge or Sohlgleite) a lower risk of damage to the boat when placing on an erosion protection mattress than on a ground contact a coarse gravel or riprap, where with significant abrasions at the hull is to be expected. Disadvantage proves to be the erosion protection mattresses the cutting action of swords or pinnacles of sailboats at low drainage depth.

Production of erosion protection mattresses

What As far as manufacture is concerned, two methods are given below filling erosion protection mattresses described.

The Mattresses themselves are created by bonding - i. Gen. Sew, being welding and gluing also possible are from flat Wirrlagen and (geo-) lattice in the manner described above. There are fabrics this species already as erosion protection, drainage or claw mats The state of the art is based on the description of the production dispensed with such mats. Also not listed further the well-known methods for connecting the mats by Sew, welding or sticking.

Method for bulk filling the Erosion control mattresses

The mattresses made according to the drawings are initially closed (sewn) only at one end. Then they are placed on a roll-equipped storage area ( 32 ) on which a mattress transport protection ( 38 ) was laid out. The protective cover (( 38 ) respectively. 21 ) consists of a highly tear-resistant fabric. Your pages will be z. B. via terminals o. Ä. Connected to the mattress. This ensures that the transport protective cover does not curl under the mattress to be filled in their movement on the storage area.

In the upper and lower layer (front bar) are now claws ( 28 ). These then simultaneously pull all the longitudinal compartments of a mattress over the parallel filling tubes ( 29 ). Each compartment is filled through a tube.

In the bulk filling ( 19 ), the geological substrate with the biogenic material via a funnel ( 25 ), with a snail ( 24 ), transported in the obliquely downwardly directed pipes. The substrate thus slipping into the compartments ( 22 . 23 ) also causes the pre-rolling of the mattress on the storage area. It is prevented by the claws, which are anchored on trains / drawstrings, too fast a feed of the mattress. The filling ends about 30 cm before mattress end. The mattress is now completely on the storage area. The claws are posted.

The mattress gets fed either via powered rollers or is pulled over claws until it reaches the position where a sewing machine ( 34 ) (or welding or gluing) closes the filling.

The transport protective cover, which on the underside with cross straps ( 39 ) is attached and transported via belt loops (the transport protective cover) on a slewing crane. For example, the ready-to-ship erosion protection mattress, including the transport cover, is placed on a pallet on which the mattresses are piled up. The transport cover prevents the clenching. The transport protection is only separated from the erosion protection mattress during the laying process.

Method for horizontal filling of Erosion control mattresses

Another filling technique is the horizontal filling. ( 20 ) It differs in principle from the previously described only in that the filling tubes ( 29 ) are arranged horizontally, so the substrate does not roll or is poured, but via a screw ( 36 ), which is located in each tube, is transported into it.

The Mixing of geological substrate and biogenic material can be optimize if the wood, bark pieces, etc. have been moistened or be moistened before they get into the hopper. That is true for both Method.

drawings

1 : Anti-erosion mattress with all complements (bars) top view

2 : Erosion protection mattress - simple execution top view

3 : Cross section of erosion protection mattress (without internal webs)

4 : Two fastening systems for erosion protection mattress top view and cross section

5 : Presentation of Front Overlap Longitudinal Cut

6 : Cross sections of the erosion protection mattresses with internal flexible webs (execution as 5-layer and 3-layer erosion protection mattress)

7 : Overlap with wide side bar with single layer of erosion protection mattress cross-section

8th : Mouth overlap of erosion protection mattresses in single ply cross section

9 : Overlap area of erosion protection mattresses with double layer cross section

10 : Cross section of erosion protection mattresses in double position in the water

11 : Cross-section of erosion protection mattresses in a single location in the water

12 : (Wire) confusion

13 : (Wire) wedge with rectangular grid

14 : (Wire) wedge with hexagonal grid (honeycomb grid)

15 : (Wire) swirl pad with large perforated backing sheet

16 : Wire Whisper Photograph

17 : Wire whirl-3-D close-up

18 : 3 cross sections through the boundary layers (upper and lower layer)
top - three-dimensional plexi with high-low structure
central - three-dimensional perturbation with high-low structure with underneath level (geo-) plastic grid layer
below - the three-dimensional perturbation with high-low structure is arranged below a plane (geo) lattice and pushes through it

19 : Bulk filling cross section

20 : Horizontal Fill Cross Section

21 : Transport protective cover / mat

1

Längskompartiment

2

front jetty

3

wider side web

4

rear fastening web

5

narrow side web

6

flat web

7

Mounting holes, simple

8th

Substrate layer / filling

9

(Wire) random orientation

10

(Geo) plastic grid (Reinforcing)

11

Mounting holes, double

12

internal web

13

Floor / Cramp iron (Double Nagel)

14

drain plug

15

Upper class / upper Boundary layer (consisting of random and (geo-) lattice)

16

Lower class / lower interface

17

middle class ((Geo) plastic grid)

18

flexible internal jetty

19

overlap area

20

upper location

21

lower location

22

Filling: geological substratum

23

Filling: biogenic material

24

hopper screw with drive (motor)

25

hopper

26

tamper (for obstruction removal / emergency)

27

Stopferklappe

28

Hakenleiste for mounting the longitudinal compartments on the filling tubes

29

filling pipe

30

Längskompartiment (filled)

31

Transport Cases / -matte

32

Media rack and transport

33

retractable role

34

sewing machine

35

retractable sewing plate

36

screw feeder with drive (motor)

37

Erosion control mattress

38

Transport Cases / -matte

39

belts with loops for transport (suspension)

40

encircling edge reinforcement with hole-carabiner-lock

Claims (16)

Erosion protection mattress consisting of at least three layers, wherein the two outer layers of a (geo-) plastic and hold the layer located therebetween predominantly geological substrate, characterized in that the water side adjacent upper layer has a coarse, (preferably) three-dimensional structure, eg , B. a (wire) wedge of Kunststoffloslosfilamenten, has, - that the outer side of the upper boundary layer preferably a spatial structure - high-low structure - in the manner of z. B. has humps or honeycombs, - that the structure of the (geo-) plastic is such that invertebrates or invertebrates / aquatic insects can penetrate this, but the filling is held, - that the geological substrate (= filling) of gravel , Pebbles and stones, which can be mixed with biogenic material - dead wood and bark pieces, cones, moss etc. - and / or proportions clay beads (Geoton), and - that the mattress in longitudinal compartments (= tubular subdivision of the substrate layer / -en ) is divided. Erosion protection mattress according to claim 1 thereby marked - that the lower stratum, which borders the riverbed, also a coarse, three-dimensional structure, z. B. Wirrlage plastic endless filaments, owns, and - that the outside the lower class a spatial one Structure - high-low structure in the manner of humps, Honeycomb o. Ä. - Has. Erosion protection mattress according to one of claims 1 or 2 characterized - that one / both boundary layers (the preferably three-dimensionally structured lower layer / upper layer) reinforced by a flat geogrid is / are, and - that the layers by sewing, welding or gluing together. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized - that the marginal to the overlapping Laying (within one layer) certain longitudinal compartments a smaller one substrate filling (about half the other filling quantity) exhibit. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized - that the mattress is internal Contains webs, which are located in the substrate layer. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized - that the mattress with bars - which itself on the front (front bridge), on one or both sides (-n) (width / -r and / or narrow / -r side bar / -e), at the rear edge (rear fixing bar) or between the longitudinal compartments (internal flat bar) are - equipped is composed of interconnected upper and lower layers, and - that the webs occur individually or combined differently, z. B. front and side bar, can be. Erosion protection mattress according to claim 6 thereby marked - that the bars with edge-stabilized holes (hole rivets) or double holes for ground nails, screws or brackets for the attachment to the ground or for screws or rivets to Connection of the mattresses are provided with each other. Erosion protection mattress according to one of claims 6 or 7 characterized - that in the web or in the webs a reinforcing (Geo-) plastic layer is incorporated. Erosion protection mattress according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that - the mattress consists of 5 layers, in which Upper and lower layer two substrate layers, which are separated by a Geogritterlage hold. Erosion protection mattress according to claim 9 thereby marked - that the longitudinal compartment divisions (for the upper and lower substrate layer) are staggered. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 9 or 10 characterized - that by using of upper and lower layer with more material width compared to the Middle geogrid layer with the substrate filling flexible internal webs result. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 11 characterized - that a marginal longitudinal compartment double-layered (so-called mouth side) is created, and in this double Location the marginal Longitudinal compartment of the inserted adjacent mattress being, all at this overlap involved compartments a smaller filling (each about 1/3 of the usual filling) than the usual Have compartments. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 12 characterized - that the upper class one Gray, blue, green or Beige has. Anti-erosion mattress according to one of claims 1 to 13 characterized - that mattress and filling separately be offered, and - that the filling is made on site. Method for bulk filling the erosion protection mattress according to one of the claims 1 to 13 characterized - that on a storage surface a Transport Cover on which the prefabricated mattress is subsequently which is not yet closed at the front, is rolled out, - that transport protective cover and Mattress by brackets o. Ä. temporary be connected to each other, - that on the front or claws / clamps are attached to the front jetty, which are the longitudinal compartments (at the same time) via the filling tubes pull, - that the bulk material, by mixing geological substrate and biogenic material formed in a hopper equipped with a screw, obliquely downwards Pipes in the longitudinal compartments filled becomes, - that after filling - up to approx. 30 cm in front of mattress - the Mattress slowly pulled forward (via a train system, which at the opposite Mattress end is attached / clamps or claws) or rolled (Drive the rollers of the deposit surface), - that then subsequently the compartment fill openings (on the front) by sewing, Welding or Gluing be closed, with the necessary device z. B. a sewing machine side the deposit surface and then in the operation over the side to be closed (Front or front bar) drives, and - that the process with the rearrangement of the finished erosion protection mattress, in the transport protective cover and is absorbed by them, and on a wide range is stacked in layers, completes. Method for horizontal filling of erosion protection mattress according to one of the claims 1 to 13 characterized - that on a storage surface a Transport Cover on which the prefabricated mattress is subsequently which is not yet closed at the front, is rolled out, - that transport protective cover and Mattress by brackets o. Ä. temporary be connected to each other, - that on the front or claws / clamps are attached to the front jetty, which are the longitudinal compartments (at the same time) via the filling tubes pull, - that the contents, by mixing geological substrate and biogenic material in a hopper equipped with a screw, over horizontal arranged filling tubes, each containing a screw into which longitudinal compartments are transported, - that after Filling - up to approx. 30 cm in front of mattress - the Mattress slowly pulled forward (via a train system, which at the opposite Mattress end is attached / clamps or claws) or rolled (Drive the rollers of the deposit surface), - that then subsequently the compartment fill openings (on the front) by sewing, Welding or Gluing be closed, with the necessary device z. B. a sewing machine side the deposit surface and then in the operation over the side to be closed (Front or front bar) drives, and - that the process with the rearrangement of the finished erosion protection mattress, in the transport protective cover and is absorbed by them, and on a wide range is stacked in layers, completes.