DE102006037022A1 - Device for treating, in particular painting objects - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for treating, in particular painting, objects, in particular a spray booth (10) for vehicle bodies (11), is described. The device (10) comprises a device (18) for the dry deposition of adhesive paint particles, in particular paint overspray, from an air stream (16). The separation device (18) has at least one separation unit (20) with passage openings (28) for the air flow (16). The separating unit (20) has at least one layer of coarse-grained separating bodies (26), on which the paint particles adhere and between which pass through openings (28).

Description

The The invention relates to a device for treating, in particular Painting, of objects, in particular a spray booth for Vehicle bodies, with a device for dry separation of liable Paint particles, in particular paint overspray, from an air stream, which over at least a separation unit with passages for the air flow has.

At the Painting, especially during spray painting, becomes an air flow which produces a painting area substantially from above flows through below and excess paint removed from the painting area. The paint particles should be outside of the painting area again from the air stream, the painting system fed again will be disconnected. In the case of dry deposition, this occurs the use of liquids, as is the case with known air washers, for example, so that on a later, complex conditioning, especially drying, of the air flow and to a treatment of the water previously used for the deposition can be waived.

From the DE 103 41 977 A1 a device of the aforementioned type is known, in which a separation stage comprises at least one screen having passage openings for the air flow. The sieve has an electrically conductive surface. The electrical conductivity results in an electrostatic interaction between the sieve on the one hand and the electrically charged overspray particles contained in the air flow on the other hand. As a result of the interaction, the electrically charged overspray particles are deflected towards the regions of the screen located between the passage openings for the air flow and remain adhered there. To regenerate the screen, the overspray particles are blown off the screen and / or brushed off. However, charge-free overspray particles are only separated from the air flow with such a sieve if they fly directly onto the areas lying between the passage openings for the air flow. However, this is very unlikely, since the passage openings are relatively large and are arranged in a straight line in the flow direction in order to allow a high flow rate. In addition, the production of such a sieve is expensive.

at Other known devices are entrained with the air flow paint particles by means of Leaching, bag filters or bag filters separated. The hereby However, used separation stages cause high pressure losses and / or it is not achieved a sufficient degree of deposition of paint particles. About that can out these separation stages can not be regenerated without first the device shut down.

task The present invention is a device of the initially be designed so that technically simple and efficient Paint particles independent be separated from their electrical charge from the air flow can.

These Task is inventively characterized solved, the separating unit has at least one layer of coarse-grained separating bodies, where the paint particles adhere and between which the passage openings run.

According to the invention So the separation unit a bed from coarse grained Abscheidekörpern on, whose meandering interspaces the passages form. Due to the countless diversions, which the passage openings own, can the paint particles do not traverse the separation unit in a straight path and stay that way with big ones Probability hanging on the Abscheidekörpern. The absorption capacity of the separation unit on Paint particles per unit time is particularly dependent on the thickness of the layer in the direction of air flow, in particular the bed height. Especially wet and / or sticky paint particles, which are particularly good at the Abscheidekörpern can stick in this way with only one separation stage efficiently from the airflow be separated.

at an advantageous embodiment can the separation body be made of ceramic. Alternatively you can they also be metal. Ceramic separators are chemically very resistant and can also used for the deposition of aggressive paints. Ceramics is pressure-resistant and hard, so that the separation body does not deform in the bed and so a minimum diameter for the passages is ensured. Furthermore Ceramics is a bad electrical conductor and can be there too can be used where electrical conductivity is not desirable. With metallic separator bodies however, you can charged paint particles interact electrostatically and so on additional Experience attraction.

Around preferably non-uniform passage openings to form, where the probability of hitting Paint particles on the Abscheidekörper is larger as with uniform passages, can the separation bodies different in the material and / or in the form and / or in size.

Conveniently, the Abscheidekörper can be saddle-shaped. Large gaps always remain between the saddle-shaped separation bodies, wherein the parabolic surfaces of the saddle-shaped separation body allows an optimal flow path for the air flow with low pressure losses.

When advantageous in terms of the degree of separation for the paint particles and the Pressure change in the Airflow has been proven when the largest dimension of the separator body in of the order of magnitude from 1.3 cm to 5.1 cm, preferably 1.9 cm.

Prefers can be freely flowed through Volume of the separation unit about 70% of its total effective volume be. In sponge-like, in particular assembled by sintering Abscheidekörpern the through which Areas between the separation bodies have a pore count of 5 PPI to 100 PPI (PPI = pores per inch). In this way, the pressure loss in the air flow and the degree of separation remain for the Paint particles over a very long period of time almost constant.

optimal Results in terms of the degree of separation and the pressure resistance are achieved when the speed of the air flow through the Separation unit is about 0.1 m / s to 5 m / s, preferably 1 m / s.

Further arises when joined together, in particular sintered Abscheidekörpern a stable structure, which, for example, during transport of the separation unit its layer thickness does not change. The Abtrenneinheit can also be tilted or even by 180 ° to a Horizontal axis are rotated without changing the shape of the structure.

Furthermore a regeneration device for regenerating the separation unit be provided. The regenerating device may be the separating unit supplied as soon as a certain threshold for absorption capacity and / or a pressure change is reached before and / or after the separation unit, and with this in particular by mechanical, chemical and / or thermal means be regenerated without the device itself shut down must become.

The Abtrenneinheit can easily with a transport device, in particular a pushing and / or pulling device, in the region of the air flow displaceable and / or removable from this or this supplied be.

Prefers For example, a plurality of separation units in a row substantially perpendicular to the air flow intermittently or continuously displaceable be. this makes possible a quick replacement of the air stream, with paint particles loaded separation units against freshly regenerated and / or new Abtrenneinheiten. The loaded separation units can be parallel for treating, in particular painting, the objects regenerated be and then stand available for exchange.

alternative The separation unit can also be made of a coarse-meshed tape applied loose bulk material consist. The laden with paint particles bulk material is then over a further conveyor fed to a regeneration and after cleaning again on the coarse-mesh conveyor belt in uniform layer thickness distributed.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing; it demonstrate

1 schematically in plan view a detail of a first embodiment of a spray booth for vehicle bodies with a device for dry deposition of paint overspray;

2 schematically the spray booth off 1 in the longitudinal view;

3 schematically a section of a second embodiment of a spray booth in the plan view, which to that from the 1 and 2 is similar;

4 schematically the spray booth off 3 in cross section.

In 1 is a detail of a total with the reference numeral 10 provided spray booth in plan view and in 2 shown in the longitudinal view.

The walls, ceiling and floor of the spray booth 10 are not shown for clarity.

With a conveyor, not shown, which a support frame 14 can each have a vehicle body 11 from an upstream, not shown pretreatment area in the spray booth 10 in along a conveying path in the conveying direction, in 1 and 2 in the direction of the arrow 12 from left to right, passing through and out of it. The support frame 14 this is along the conveying path over the entire length of the spray booth 10 traversable.

In the spray booth 10 becomes the vehicle body 11 sprayed with known paint, also not shown sprayers with paint particles. This resulting paint overspray is with a Airflow away, from top to bottom, in 2 indicated by arrows 16 , through the spray booth 10 flows and takes the excess paint particles. The airflow 16 is realized in a known manner by the air from the spray booth 10 with a suction device, not shown, via suction channels in the bottom region of the spray booth 10 sucked, subjected to a cleaning process explained in more detail below and then the spray booth 10 is fed back from above.

To the moist and / or sticky and therefore therefore liable paint particles from the air stream 16 to deposit and return to the spray, is a separator 18 provided for the dry deposition of paint overspray.

The separator 18 has a large number of separation units 20 which have trough-shaped, lidded containers. The containers are rectangular in plan view. Their long sides of the container are perpendicular to the direction of conveyance 12 , The trays and lids of the containers are provided with a variety of holes, not shown, or covered with gratings, allowing them to carry air 16 can be flowed through from top to bottom. The in the conveying direction 12 looks at rear long container sides, in 1 and 2 left, each have a laterally projecting collar above 22 and the corresponding front long tank sides over to the collars 22 complementary shots 24 ,

In the containers of the separation units 20 are loosely multiple layers of coarse-grained, substantially identical saddle-shaped Abscheidekörpern 26 poured from ceramic. In 2 For the sake of clarity, only some of the separation bodies indicated as small circles are shown 26 provided with reference numerals. In reality, the Abscheidekörper 26 not arranged as evenly as this in the sake of simplicity 2 is shown. The largest dimensions of the separator body 26 are on the order of 1.3 cm to 5.1 cm, preferably 1.9 cm.

The spaces between the separation bodies 26 serve as passages 28 for the airflow 16 , In 2 are exemplary only some of the passages 28 provided with reference numerals. The freely flowable volume of the separation units 20 is about 70% of their total effective volumes, which causes the pressure loss and the degree of separation of paint particles even at a large loading of the separation units 20 remains constant with paint particles and the separation units 20 are fully functional over a long period of time. Preferably, the through-flow openings have 28 between the separation bodies 26 a pore count of 5 PPI to 100 PPI. The speed of the airflow 16 through the separation units 20 is about 0.1 m / s to 5 m / s, preferably 1 m / s.

The passages 28 have particular because of the shape and the arrangement of the separation body 26 countless deflections through which the airflow 16 is passed, wherein the paint particles due to their inertia with high probability on the surfaces of the Abscheidekörper 26 meet and stick there.

The separation units 20 are below the support frame 14 along the conveying path in the conveying direction 12 behind each other on a in 2 visible roll band 30 arranged. Above the roller belt 30 and the separation units 20 a known grate inspection may be provided, which in the 1 and 2 not shown. The roll band 30 has a variety of in 2 visible transport wheels 32 which are at the same height and whose axes are horizontal perpendicular to the conveying direction 12 and perpendicular to the airflow 16 run. At least part of the transport wheels 32 is driven in a known manner via a roller drive, not shown, such that they are the separation units 20 intermittently in the conveying direction 12 , ie perpendicular to the air flow 16 , from left to right. The front tank sides of the separation units 20 lie on the rear side of the container of each preceding separation units 20 on, with the collar 22 in the appropriate recordings 24 protrude, leaving no gaps between the separation units 20 remain through which air could flow through unfiltered.

At the end of the roll band 30 , in 1 and 2 right, still closes inside the spray booth 10 a take-off tape with rolls 34 on, which is perpendicular to the conveying direction 12 runs. The acceptance tape 34 leads to a regeneration device, not shown. With the regenerating device, the separation units 20 be regenerated, that is, the paint particles can from the surfaces of the Abscheidekörper 26 removed and fed back to the sprayer. The regeneration happens by mechanical, chemical and / or thermal means.

From the regenerator, a feed belt, not shown, leads to the beginning of the roller belt 30 who is still inside the spray booth 10 , in the 1 and 2 located to the left of the section shown. The regenerated separation units are transferred via the feed belt 20 loose or already assembled in groups the roll band 30 fed. The roll band 30 , the task tape and the acceptance tape 34 realize so much including a circuit for the separation units 20 ,

The separator 18 works as follows:
At the beginning of the painting process are freshly regenerated or new separation units 20 over the roller belt 30 seamlessly one behind the other in the area of the spray booth 10 transported later by the air flow 16 is flowed through. There, in a known manner, the paint of the vehicle body 11 instead of. In doing so, the air enters the spray booth from above 10 blown in and out of the spray booth 10 with the suction device via the suction channels at the bottom of the spray booth 10 aspirated. The airflow 16 takes the paint overspray and flows through it with the separation units 20 from top to bottom. When flowing through the separation units 20 becomes the airflow 16 in the passages 28 redirected several times, the paint particles on the Abscheidekörpern 26 stick to it. The cleaned air becomes the spray booth 10 fed in a known manner from above again.

The degree of loading of the separation units 20 On paint particles is monitored in a known manner. For this purpose, for example, the pressure conditions in the air flow direction before and / or behind the separation units 20 be recorded. Once the degree of loading of the separation units 20 exceeds a certain threshold, the pressure loss is first compensated by regulating the speed of the exhaust fans, so that the exhaust air volume flow remains approximately constant. After reaching a maximum speed, the roller belt 30 started and the speed of the exhaust fans reduced again. All separation units 20 in the area of the airflow 16 be with the roller band 30 clocked in the conveying direction 12 to the acceptance tape 34 transported and with this successively perpendicular to the conveying direction 12 the vehicle body 11 transported to the regenerating device. At the same time fresh separation units 20 , which come from the regenerator, on the feed belt the roller belt 30 supplied and with this gap in the conveying direction 12 taken away and are immediately in the air stream 16 to disposal.

In the regenerator, the discharged separation units 20 mechanically, chemically and / or thermally regenerated while in the spray booth 10 the painting process using the fresh separation units 20 will continue.

The regenerated separation units 20 are then at the next exchange step in which the subsequent separation units loaded with paint particles 20 be conveyed to the regenerating device, of this on the feed belt the roller belt 30 fed and with this in the air stream 16 positioned. In this way, parallel to the deposition of the paint overspray, a regeneration of just not in the air flow 16 located, loaded with paint particles separation units 20 occur.

In the 3 and 4 is a section of a second embodiment of a spray booth 110 shown in plan view or in cross section. Those elements that are those of the first, in 1 and 2 are similar to the illustrated embodiment, with the same reference numerals plus 100 Mistake. In the second embodiment, a conveyor 113 a support frame 114 for the vehicle body 111 on which with a known conveyor 115 that is under the support frame 114 in the conveying direction 112 extends, is movable. The in the conveying direction 112 elongated separation units 120 are in two parallel rows in the conveying direction 112 considered right and left of the conveyor 115 arranged. In 3 for the sake of clarity, only a pair of separation units 120 shown.

The separation units 120 lie respectively in the area of their in the conveying direction 112 extending longitudinal sides on a non-visible sliding guide on a fixed base frame of the conveyor 113 and in the region of their opposite longitudinal sides on a slide rail 130 on. The slide rails 130 and the sliding guides have a carrying and guiding function corresponding to the roller band 30 in the first embodiment. They extend over the entire length of the spray booth 110 ,

The slide rails 130 are on vertical sides of floor modules 140 attached, which in the conveying direction 112 looks right and left through the separation units 120 covered suction channel 142 limit laterally. The suction channel 142 extends over the entire length of the spray booth 10 , About him, the air, which is to take the paint overspray, with a known suction device, which is not shown, from the spray booth 110 sucked down.

In 3 are exemplary only two opposing floor modules 140 next to the two separation units 120 shown. In reality, over the entire length of the spray booth 10 a variety of floor modules 140 arranged side by side without gaps, so that a consistently closed, in the conveying direction 112 left floor area and a right floor area are realized. The floor modules 140 are walkable and luftundurch casual. Their horizontal surfaces are arranged higher than the horizontal upper surfaces of the separation units 120 , The vehicle bodies 111 are like that from the floor modules 140 from good to accessible. The edges between the horizontal tops of the floor modules 140 and their conveyor 113 facing vertical sides are chamfered. The lower edges of the oblique surface areas thus formed are located at the same height with the covers of the separation units 120 ,

To the separation units 120 on the sliding guides and the slide rails 130 in the conveying direction 112 to convey, is not shown pushing means at the beginning of the conveyor 115 , in 3 on the left, with which the separation units which adjoin one another in series are provided 120 in the conveying direction 112 be pushed, each in the conveying direction 112 last separation unit 120 is driven and these are the preceding separation units 120 anschiebt.

Similar to the first, in the 1 and 2 described embodiment introduces into the 3 and 4 Not shown task tape from a regenerator to those in the conveying direction 112 front ends of the sliding guides and the slide rails 130 which are in 3 to the left of the section shown. From the rear ends of the sliding guides and the slide rails 130 leads analogous to the first embodiment, also not shown removal tape to the regenerating device.

In all embodiments of a spray booth described above 10 ; 110 for vehicle bodies 11 ; 111 Among others, the following modifications are possible:
The invention is not limited to use in spray booths 10 ; 110 , Rather, it can also be used in other types of device for treating objects that require a device for the dry deposition of adhesive paint particles. It is also possible to deposit particles which are liable for reasons other than moisture or stickiness.

Instead of a plurality of separation units 20 ; 120 can also only a single, corresponding larger separation unit 20 ; 120 which are used to regenerate from the air flow 16 ; 116 removed and then reintroduced.

The separation units 20 ; 120 can also only one layer of Abscheidekörpern 26 ; 126 to have.

The separation body 26 ; 126 can be made of metal, for example, instead of ceramic. It can also be a mixture of different separation bodies 26 ; 126 be used. The separation body 26 ; 126 may be different in material and / or shape and / or size.

The diameter of the separator body 26 ; 126 can also be smaller than 1.3 cm or larger than 5.1 cm.

The freely flowable volume of the separation units 20 ; 120 may also be more or less than 70% of their total effective volumes.

The speed of the airflow 16 ; 116 through the separation unit 20 ; 120 may also be less than 0.1 m / s or greater than 5 m / s.

The separation body 26 ; 126 can instead of loose poured sponge-like joined together, in particular sintered, be.

The regenerator may be separate from the spray booth 10 ; 110 be arranged or integrated in this.

Instead of on the roll band 30 or with the pushing device on the sliding guides and the slide rails 130 can the separation units 20 ; 120 also transported with a different type of transport device, such as a pushing and / or pulling device, in particular pulled by a chain, are.

The separation units 20 ; 120 Instead of being cycled, they can also be conveyed continuously, in particular at a constant speed, and be regenerated independently of a degree of loading.

The separation units 20 ; 120 can be in the range of airflow 16 ; 116 instead of in the conveying direction 12 ; 112 the vehicle body 11 ; 111 also be transported perpendicular to it. The conveying path can be so on the length and / or shape of the spray booth 10 ; 110 be adjusted. The separation units 20 ; 120 can also counter the direction of conveyance 12 ; 112 the vehicle bodies 11 ; 111 be transported.

The grate inspection in the first embodiment can also be used together with the separation units 20 ; 120 from the area of airflow 16 ; 116 conveyed and together with the separation units 20 ; 120 or be separated from these particles of paint particles.

In addition, in the air flow direction 16 ; 116 behind the separation units 20 ; 120 at least one fine filter or a fine filter battery for further reduction of the paint particles downstream.

Claims (12)

Apparatus for treating, in particular painting, articles, in particular spray booths for vehicle bodies, with a device for the dry deposition of adhesive paint particles, in particular paint overspray, from an air stream which has at least one separation unit with passage openings for the air flow, characterized in that the separation unit ( 20 ; 120 ) at least one layer of coarse-grained separating bodies ( 26 ; 126 ), which adhere to the paint particles and between which the passage openings ( 28 ; 128 ). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the separation bodies ( 26 ; 126 ) are made of ceramic or metal. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separation bodies ( 26 ; 126 ) are different in material and / or shape and / or size. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation body ( 26 ; 126 ) are saddle-shaped. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the largest dimension of the Abscheidekörper ( 26 ; 126 ) is on the order of 1.3 cm to 5.1 cm, preferably 1.9 cm. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the freely flowable volume of the separation unit ( 20 ; 120 ) is about 70% of its total effective volume, in particular in sponge-like, in particular by sintering assembled Abscheidekörpern the flow-through areas ( 28 ; 128 ) between the separation bodies ( 26 ; 126 ) have a pore count of 5 PPI to 100 PPI. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of the air flow ( 16 ; 116 ) through the separation unit ( 20 ; 120 ) is about 0.1 m / s to 5 m / s, preferably 1 m / s. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation bodies are joined together like a sponge, in particular sintered, are. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a regeneration device for regenerating the separation units ( 20 ; 120 ) is provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separation unit ( 20 ; 120 ) in particular for regeneration with a transport device ( 30 ; 130 ), in particular a pushing and / or pulling device, from the area of the air flow ( 16 ; 116 ) Abführbar or this can be fed. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of separation units ( 20 ; 120 ) in a row substantially perpendicular to the air flow ( 16 ; 116 ) is intermittent or continuously displaceable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the separating unit consists of a coarse mesh Band applied loose bulk consists.