DE102006011652B4 - Two-step hollow-bar composite anchor for adhesive cartridges and adhesive granules - Google Patents

Abstract

Hollow bar anchor for use in mountain, - tunnel, - underground and rock construction, without intermediate means such as additional internal channels for flushing or suction of cuttings and without an inner tube as adhesive magazine for installation in two steps following the main patent DE 10 2006 006 748 characterized in that with a in a hollow rod bore (8) without further means between a mixer-sealing cartridge (6) in the sealing film (35) and with a sealing (17) and Schublamellen (18) provided extrusion piston (16) embedded prefabricated adhesive cartridge (3) as an adhesive paste (45) or as a granulated-pressure-adhesive mixture (25) with / without film tube (4) with / without the hardener coil (5) wherein a sealing film surrounding the mixing cartridge / granules with the thus a diffusion barrier is formed and thus prevents the loss of mass in the hollow bar composite anchor (2 and 32).

Description

The invention relates to a two-step hollow bar composite anchor for one or two components, adhesive cartridges or adhesive granules for Hohlstabvoll- or partial composite anchor for cost-effective and safer removal of cavities in mining, tunneling, civil engineering and rock construction according to the main patent DE 10 2006 006 748 ,

Glue, mortar or granule mixture is in the anchor hollow bar bore, without intermediate means like an inner tube as an adhesive magazine, which is surrounded by a flushing channel is, stored in prefabricated and directly from the hollow bar bore squeezed out with a piston.

There the production of the holes in the drawn or pressed anchor tubes subject to certain tolerances and the surface of the hole with scale and similar Deposits from production are afflicted, is for the Auspressvorgang a surface Optimization provided with lubricants, with inliner films, inserted Gleitschläuchen, a thin-bed pipe, with applied lubricants in the hole by dipping or Spraying can be done.

In an execution is between an extrusion piston in the anchor foot, with sealing and Schublamellen and between a mixer-sealing cartridge in the anchor head, which in the Hollow rod hole prefabricated introduced adhesive cartridge Mass loss protected by diffusion.

With the Auspressvorgang is the intensive mixing of the chemical curing in the annulus between anchor tube and mountains, after using the Hollow bar anchor for Partial or Vollverklebung in the anchor hole, triggered.

In the further execution it occurs when applying a defined high pressure water, on an extrusion piston in the hollow rod with sealing function, to respond to a burst valve.

Of the in the hollow bar bore adhesive / mortar, as pressure-Granulatklebermischung or filled in as glue paste without plastic hoses, liquefies in front of the bursting valve and mixes with the stored in the granule or in the adhesive paste Harder, occurs over the anchor head and fills the annulus for chemically initiated curing between anchor shaft and borehole wall, e.g. B. in Vollverbundankern over the entire borehole length to to the anchor foot.

With the arrangement of the displacement of the adhesive masses between the extrusion piston with the sealing and thrust blades and the bursting valve, the mass loss prevents the adhesive from diffusing through long storage times.

To the curing process in the annulus, in a partial or full bonding of the hollow bar composite anchor, is with the anchor adapter on the, provided with a breakage protection pre-assembled anchor nut, a maximum torque abandoned, with which shears off this nut fuse, indicating that the required Securing the mountains with the selected contact pressure between Anchor plate and mountains, is reached.

description

Of the Anchor head has in one embodiment the for diffusing prevention, built in front of the squeezing device and with a film encapsulated mixer-sealing cartridge, which after the Rip as a static mixing device when using adhesive cartridges in film tubes with integrated hardener spiral hose acts. For longer Storage times is the adhesive cartridge from the anchor head and foot side against Mass loss protected by diffusion of the adhesive column.

In another embodiment the prefabricated adhesive is used as a granulate mixture directly in the Hollow bar hole as adhesive magazine without additional pipe, flushing channels, film tube introduced and after the achievement of a defined pressure with an extrusion piston over a bursting valve for chemical curing pressed into the annulus.

Of the Anchor foot becomes in both versions with the anchor grid adapter, restoring the anchor, without flushing with a scraper Turning cuttings into the borehole and pushing them into a hydraulic hole slidable dispenser cylinder carries, with the task of Pressurized water or the sealing function takes place at the anchor foot, the Auspressvorgang the prefabricated adhesive, with a pre-dimensioned Amount of pressurized water introduced.

To the curing time of the adhesive mixture is tightened with a defined torque the anchor nut over a breaking bolt safety as a clamping element for further security and Connection of the mountain layers made with the anchor plate.

State of the art

Self-drilling composite anchors with chemical adhesives are known as injection anchors with / without an additional adhesive magazine for the stabilization of spaces in mining and tunneling, in the underground and open pit of rock and retaining walls and in the scriptures DE 103 36 043 A1 . DE 103 36 040 A1 . DE 103 21 175 B3 . DE 103 01 968 A1 . DE 100 17 763 A1 . DE 100 17 751 A1 . DE 100 17 750 A1 . DE 299 00 432 U1 . US 4,055,051 . DE 31 00 730 A1 . DE 2006 006 748 A1 and DE 2006 006 757 A1 described in detail.

With Depending on the hardness of the rock, the anchoring bore will be communicated to these composite anchors Wet or dry drilling method produced. An additional one Rinsing or Suction channel for removal Cuttings from the hole is doing with the aforementioned anchor systems required. It is made after the production of the anchor hole an additional inner tube, which serves as an adhesive magazine, the adhesive and hardener on separating devices to the Rinsing or Suction line, pressed in the annulus between anchor and mountains.

These previously known composite anchor can only with rotating drilling method for the production of the anchor hole be used and have a remaining in the well and thus lost drill bit. The distinguishing features of the various Procedures will follow with the business qualifications shown:

1. Full bar composite anchor under application the cartridge procedure:

at This method is a ribbed on the outside solid rod in a pre-made and with tube-in-tube adhesive cartridges filled Drill hole with low feed rate and high speed screwed.

Of the Anchored head destroyed the glue cartridges and mixes glue and hardener. The glue mixture is displaced by the anchor rod and fill the annulus between anchor rod and borehole wall to the anchor foot.

The Insertion of the anchor with drilling, introduction of the adhesive column, introduction of the anchor, is labor intensive and sets high quality standards both to the used machine technology as well as to the training and Discipline of the staff with the observance of the prescribed Speeds and the feed rate.

Thereby conditioned is the quality of installation the anchor prone to error, what in extreme cases endangered The stability of the mines can lead, as the used Adhesive cartridges due to diffusion due to too long storage times lose the chemistry of the mass and thereby bend during installation, tear in the borehole and the curing process too early starts.

A Mechanization / automation of operations for introducing such Anchor is until now, especially for applications in layered rock, failed. this leads to In addition, such propulsions are less powerful, since the time for the introduction such an anchor is about 5 minutes.

In addition are the work processes with constant händischem Tool change, such as connection of rotary hammer / boring bar, inserting the Anchor setting key Inserting the anchor etc. with risks for the employed personnel connected, since the procedure a permanent residence of persons in the unsecured danger area of propulsion requires. A Risk reduction is only conditionally possible with the current state of the art.

On Solid bar anchors in connection with the mortar filling method in which the mortar in The borehole is pumped, is in the description described here not separately received, as these as expansion anchor in the route propulsion not used until now.

2. Self-drilling composite anchor with integrated adhesive magazine:

self-drilling Composite anchors with integrated adhesive magazine are known and will used as an expansion anchor as an alternative to the full-bar composite anchor, there this execution Boring bar and anchor are in one. The anchor is with a lost drill bit equipped, the outer shape the anchor tube as a boring bar ensures the discharge of Cuttings during of the drilling process.

Of the Hollow bar includes an additional Inner tube containing the prefabricated adhesive and hardener. Between Inner tube and inner diameter of the hollow rod is the flushing channel, the rinse used with air, water or air-water mixture during the drilling process becomes.

To The production of the hole is made from the additional inner tube of the adhesive and hardener, through Pressurized with water pressure, squeezed out. The adhesive mixture passes through holes at the anchor head and fills the annulus between anchor and borehole wall.

These self-drilling composite anchors with integrated inner tube as adhesive magazine, are due to their design only for rotating drilling. Rotary drilling, however, can be used only to a limited extent, depending on the rock properties, to a maximum of 30% of all applications in the route propulsion and are therefore not suitable, described in 1., introduced with the cartridge method Vollstabverbun thanks, to replace.

One Use of the complex and thus cost-intensive anchor for rock properties, do not allow rotary drilling and where the self-drilling anchor, later in a beating - or Drehschlagend produced wellbore is introduced, is economical unjustifiable.

3. Hollow bar injection anchor:

Hollow rod injection anchor are to be introduced as Selbstbohranker, or as subsequently in previously prepared holes Anchor known. Through the hollow rod is made outside the well Adhesive mixture in the annulus between outer wall of the hollow bar and borehole wall as a filling process directed with and without pressure. The filling process is procedural Volume-consuming, costly and time-consuming. These disadvantages will be by the very good quality of installation of the anchor is not balanced in practice.

4. Summary of 1st, 2nd and 3rd:

There None of the described methods, today's business management and safety requirements in full and other anchor types such. B. expansion sleeve anchor and Reibrohranker especially for Applications in the coal industry come only partially in question results the need to develop an alternative anchor system:

The two-step hollow bar composite anchor.

Task:

Of the Invention is the object of a Hohlstabverbundanker to create, with the previously time-consuming and cost-intensive, as well as with quality and safety problems associated shear anchor systems are replaced can. The system must minimize installation time, increase performance with good quality of installation as a hollow bar fully composite anchor, the reduction of personnel costs and a reduction of the risk of accidents by an operator ensure the safe area of the route propulsion.

The with the two-step hollow bar according to the invention or partial composite anchor possible whose Installation in two steps:

1. Step: Make an anchor hole with a defined diameter by means of a powerful Drilling method depending from rock features, turning, hitting or turning.

Second Step: Introduce the prefabricated hollow bar composite anchor using an anchor adapter and pressing out the prefabricated adhesive column with high pressure water by means of a dispenser grommet and after curing the safe tightening of the anchor nut with a maximum torque.

The Anchor system described here is ideal for future full mechanization / automation the Einbringvorgangs, with drill carriages from the secured driving space suitable, so that risks for the staff both in handling and by nachbrechendes Rocks are avoided. The chemical curing process is carried out with glue cartridges, with pressure-sensitive adhesive or granule mixture by an applied Pressure in the annulus triggered and with the diffusion barrier against loss of mass becomes an overlong Storage time of pre-assembled anchor elements reached.

A pre-assembly of the adhesive column in the hollow bar is in the Scriptures with Az. 10 2006 002 215.7 described in detail and contributes to the economy and to increase safety with the indicated method.

These Task is solved with the features of the preamble in claim 1. Trainings are in the subclaims set forth, details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the description and illustration in the following drawings.

Brief description of the drawings.

1 shows the section through the head of a hollow bar composite anchor with a glue cartridge, the mixer-sealing cartridge and the secured Ausräummeißel with the Auspresskanälen.

2 shows the left half-side section through an anchor head of a compressed in an anchor hole hollow rod composite anchor with the extrusion piston in the end position and the cured adhesive mixture in the anchor hole. The right half shows the external thread of the anchor tube in the anchor hole with the cured adhesive mixture.

3 shows the longitudinal section through the head of a hollow bar composite anchor with a glue granulate, a bursting valve as a sealing cartridge and the Ausräummeißel with Venturi channels.

4 shows the longitudinal section through a hollow bar composite anchor with the Dispensertülle, the extrusion piston as a sealing element, an adhesive mixture without film tube with hardener spiral, the mixer-sealing cartridge in a foil and the Ausräummeißel as a bevelled anchor head with Siche rungsplatte, annular gap and the self-tensioned spring pot in an anchor hole.

Embodiments.

1 shows the anchor head 1 a hollow bar composite anchor 2 in longitudinal section with a glue cartridge 3 in a foil tube 4 with the hardener spiral 5 , with the mixer sealing cartridge 6 in the sealing foil 35 with a contact surface 7 for the glue cartridge 3 , the hollow bar bore 8th with the slide 9 and the scraper 10 with the Auspresskanälen 11 , The scraper 10 is with a glue 12 or a mechanical connection 13 with the hollow bar composite anchor 1 for broaching cuttings from the anchor hole 14 connected.

The film tube 4 the glue cartridge 3 supports itself with the cartridge lock 15 on the contact surface 7 from, so that no premature or unwanted destruction of the film tube 4 can be done.

During the extrusion process with the extrusion piston 16 , with the sealing 17 and Schublamellen 18 becomes the film tube 4 on the, on the mixer-sealing cartridge 6 arranged support ring 19 with the squeezed hardener spiral 5 dammed up, without the mixer-sealing cartridge 6 to be able to clog.

2 shows a fully glued anchor head 1 a hollow bar composite anchor 2 in the left half longitudinal section, the extrusion piston 16 with the sealing 17 and Schublamellen 18 in the final position 20 with the slide 9 ,

The extrusion piston 16 comes with a defined high pressure water quantity 21 acted upon for the Auspressvorgang.

The film tube 4 with the hardener spiral 5 is from the extrusion piston 16 in the final position 20 on the support ring 19 the mixer-sealing cartridge 6 jammed and squeezed. The right half view shows the external thread 22 of the hollow bar composite anchor 2 with the scraper 10 in the side view 23 ,

3 shows the anchor head 24 a hollow bar composite anchor 2 in longitudinal section, with the granulated pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture 25 , the bursting valve 26 and the mechanical means 13 attached excavation chisel 27 with a slide 9 ,

When abandoning a defined high-pressure water quantity 21 over the extrusion piston 16 on the granulated pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture 25 this is liquefied and with increasing pressure the bursting valve 26 open.

The liquefied granulated pressure glue 25 penetrates the outflow channels 28 with the Venturi effect 29 in the chisel tip 30 , for curing and bonding the hollow bar composite anchor 2 in the annulus 31 the anchor hole 14 ,

4 shows the longitudinal section through a hollow bar composite anchor 32 with the dispenser spout 33 , the extrusion piston 16 with the sealing 17 and Schublamellen 18 , A glue mixture 34 without foil tube 4 with the hardener spiral 5 , the mixer seal cartridge 6 in a slide 35 and that, as a scraper 36 beveled anchor head 37 , in an anchor hole 14 , The scraper 36 , comes with a fuse plate 38 provided with an annular gap 39 the self-locking, with slots 43 elastically formed spring pot 40 , with the discharge openings 41 receives. On the inside 51 of the spring pot 40 is supported during the Auspressvorgang the mixer sealing cartridge 6 in the sealing foil 35 with the distributor ribs 44 on the inside 51 of the spring pot 40 from.

The assembly of all built-in parts 3 . 6 . 9 . 19 . 25 . 26 , and 40 can in the hollow bar bore 8th the hollow bar composite anchor 32 from the anchor head side 37 , as well as from the anchor foot side 53 be executed.

Between the mixer sealing cartridge 6 with the sealing foil 35 and the extrusion piston 16 with the sealing 17 and Schublamellen 18 becomes the mass loss of the adhesive mixture 34 , without foil tube 4 with the hardener spiral 5 , prevented by diffusion.

1

Anchor head, too 2

2

Hollow bar shear connectors

3

Glue cartridge, too 2

4

Foil hose, too 3

5

Hardener spiral, too 3

6

Mixer-sealing cartridge, too 2

7

Investment area, too 6

8th

Hollow bar bore, too 2

9

Slideway, too 2 and 8th

10

Clearing chisel, too 2 and 23

11

Extrusion channels, too 10

12

Glue, too 10

13

Connecting mechanism, too 2 and 10

14

Anchor hole, too 2 and 32

15

Cartridge lock, too 3

16

Extrusion piston, too 1 . 8th and 24

17

Sealing blades, too 16

18

Schublamellen, too 16

19

Bearing ring, too 6

20

End position, extrusion piston, closed 16

21

High pressure, defined quantity, too 8th

22

External thread, too 2 and 32

23

Excavation chisel, side view, to 10

24

Anchor head, too 2

25

Granulated pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture with hardener, too 24

26

Bursting valve, too 24

27

Clearing chisel, too 24

28

Outflow channels, too 27

29

Venturi effect, too 28

30

Chisel tip, too 27

31

Annulus, too 14

32

Hollow bar shear connectors

33

Dispenser spout, too 2 and 32

34

Adhesive mixture, without film tube, too 32

35

Sealing film, too 6

36

Clearing chisel, too 32

37

Anchor head, too 32

38

Locking plate, too 32

39

Annular gap, too 38

40

Spring pot, self-locking, too 37

41

Extrusion openings, too 40

42

Collar edge, too 40

43

Inside, spring pot, too 40

44

Distribution ribs, too 6

45

mountains

46

Glue paste, too 2 and 32

47

Hardener, chemically incorporated, too 46

48

Diagonal cut, too 37

49

Bore, too 38

50

Abutment, too 6

51

Stretch slots, too 40

52

Density level, too 6

53

Anchor foot, too 32

54

Inliner film, too 8th

55

Thin bed pipe, too 8th

Claims (21)

Hollow bar anchor for use in mountain, - tunnel, - underground and rock construction, without intermediate means such as additional internal channels for flushing or suction of cuttings and without an inner tube as adhesive magazine for installation in two steps following the main patent DE 10 2006 006 748 characterized in that with one in a hollow rod bore ( 8th ) without further means between a mixer-sealing cartridge ( 6 ) in the sealing film ( 35 ) and one with sealing ( 17 ) and slide lamellae ( 18 ) equipped extrusion piston ( 16 ) embedded prefabricated adhesive cartridge ( 3 ) as an adhesive paste ( 45 ) or as a granulate-pressure-adhesive mixture ( 25 ) with / without film tube ( 4 ) with / without the hardener spiral ( 5 ) wherein a sealing film surrounding the mixing cartridge / granules with the thereby a diffusion barrier is formed and thus the loss of mass in the hollow bar fully composite anchor ( 2 and 32 ) prevented. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated adhesive mixture ( 34 ) and the adhesive paste ( 46 ) with chemically stored hardener ( 47 ) in the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) without foil tube ( 4 ) is installed. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the adhesive paste ( 46 ) with incorporated hardener ( 47 ) without foil tube ( 4 ) in the anchor hole ( 14 ) is chemically adjusted so that it is pressurized in front of the bursting valve ( 26 ) liquefied. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a granular pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture ( 25 ) with the proportionally incorporated hardener ( 47 ) without foil tube ( 4 ) in the anchor hole ( 14 ) is chemically adjusted so that it is pressurized in front of the bursting valve ( 26 ) liquefied. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the Ausräummeißel ( 27 ) with at least one outflow channel ( 28 ), with venturi effect ( 29 ) and via a mechanical connection ( 13 ) the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) closes. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the anchor head ( 37 ) by an oblique cut ( 48 ) the function of a scraper ( 36 ) takes over. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the chamfered anchor head ( 37 ) as a scraper ( 36 ) with a locking plate ( 38 ) is provided. Hollow bar anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the bore ( 49 ) in the fuse plate ( 38 ) is larger than the hollow rod bore ( 8th ). Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that after assembly of the locking plate ( 38 ) at the anchor head ( 37 ) with a spring pot ( 40 ) the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) with the mixer sealing cartridge ( 6 ) in the sealing film ( 35 ) the weight loss of the adhesive cartridge ( 3 ), a granulated pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture ( 25 ), Adhesive mixture ( 34 ) or an adhesive paste ( 46 ) is prevented by diffusion. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spring cup ( 40 ) with the collar edge ( 42 ) in the annular gap ( 39 ) of the backup plate ( 38 ) automatically determines and for the mixer sealing cartridge ( 6 ) an abutment ( 50 ). Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the spring cup ( 40 ) with at least one expansion slot ( 51 ) is trained. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the mixer-sealing cartridge ( 6 ) with at least one sealing plane ( 52 ) is trained. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the anchor head ( 37 ) with the mixer sealing cartridge ( 6 ) the curing process in the adhesive mixture ( 34 ) is triggered. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the extrusion piston ( 16 ) in the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) with sealing ( 13 ) and slide lamellae ( 12 ) is trained. Hollow bar anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the Auspressausrüstung from the anchor head ( 1 . 10 and 37 ) and from the anchor foot ( 53 ) in the hollow rod bore ( 8th ) can be mounted. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) with a slideway ( 9 ) for the extrusion piston ( 16 ). Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the slideway ( 9 ) in the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) from an inliner foil ( 54 ) consists. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the slideway ( 9 ) in the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) of a stretchable thin-bed tube ( 55 ) consists. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1 to 18 characterized in that in a filling with granular pressure-sensitive adhesive mixture ( 25 ) or glue paste ( 46 ) with incorporated hardener ( 47 ) without foil tube ( 4 ) in the hollow bar bore ( 8th ) the chemical reaction with a bursting valve ( 26 ) is triggered. Hollow bar anchor according to one of claims 1-19, characterized in that a prefabricated thin-bed tube ( 55 ) for a hollow bar anchoring adhesive bond against a prefabricated thin-bed tube ( 55 ) for a Hohlstabankerteilverklebung without changes in the anchor tube ( 56 ) can be exchanged. Hollow bar composite anchor, according to one of claims 1-20, characterized in that the pressure water volume ( 21 ) for the Auspressvorgang from the hollow rod bore ( 8th ) a defined adhesive mixture ( 3 . 25 . 34 and 46 ) for full or partial bonding of hollow bar composite anchors ( 2 ) corresponds.