DE102006006563A1 - Starter of the design with constant engagement - Google Patents

Abstract

One Constant engagement starter includes one When supplied with electrical power a torque at its Anchor shaft generating starter motor, coupled to the armature shaft Output shaft and a provided on this output shaft and always with a gear on the design with constant engagement and close a clutch for preventing reverse rotation one that is designed to be the armature shaft allows to rotate in the normal direction, to start the engine in the normal direction, and prevents the armature shaft from rotating in the opposite direction, when the output shaft is subjected to an opposing torque which is transmitted from the rotating in the opposite direction internal combustion engine becomes.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Technical area the invention

The The present invention relates to a constant-type starter Intervention applicable to motor vehicles.

One Constant-speed starter makes it possible to use the internal combustion engine before the complete Stop the engine to restart because a pinion of the starter constantly with a ring gear of the motor directly or indirectly via a Intermediate or the like is engaged, as in the Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2004-225544 is. additionally is a constant engagement type starter Vehicle quiet compared with a vehicle with a conventional one Starter of the type provided with electromagnetic feed, which is designed so that the Starting an engine its tickling into an engaged position with a motor-side sprocket pressed is because no locking noise between the tickle and the Sprocket occur.

At the Constant engagement starter will be when the internal combustion engine a complete one Working stroke, as a result of which the engine speed exceeds that of the starter, the pinion is driven by the sprocket. At this time An anchor of a starter motor can be forced with one to rotate at high speed, equal to the engine speed multiplied by the gear ratio between the sprocket and the pinion is (in general nen 8 to 15), and with the speed reduction ratio of an internal speed reduction device, if it is included in the starter. As a result, the anchor destroyed by the centrifugal force become. To avoid this, such a starter of the type provided with constant engagement with an overrunning clutch, the so it is designed that they idle, when the speed of the internal combustion engine is greater than that of the starter.

however is the overrunning clutch unable to transmit torque from the engine to the starter to block when the engine is running in the opposite direction, the is called, when the engine is running and while the crankshaft rotates in the opposite direction, because the overrunning clutch the sprocket couples with the sprocket when the motor is in the opposite direction running. Accordingly, there is the possibility, that the Anchor is forced to rotate at high speed and thereby destroyed when the internal combustion engine is rotating in the opposite direction.

The opposing Rotation of the internal combustion engine can occur during the period of time in which the engine is stopped, because when stopping the engine the reciprocating movements of the pistons of the internal combustion engine, before getting into stable stop positions in the cylinders, during the rotation of the crankshaft a fluctuation between the normal direction and the opposite direction. Even though the overrunning clutch the torque transmission from the engine to the starter can lock when the crankshaft in In the normal direction, it can transmit torque from the engine to the starter do not block when the crankshaft turns in the opposite direction.

Therefore can be seen from the engine side behind the overrunning clutch located anchor by the fluctuation in the rotational movement of the crankshaft be forced to turn in the opposite direction. if the opposing Movement of the anchor every time the internal combustion engine stops occurs, shortened the life of the brushes the starter motor. additionally This is done by looping the brushes over the commutator of the starter motor caused noise uncomfortable on the driver.

The opposing Rotation of the crankshaft can also occur when a vehicle is on a rising road stall becomes. If a vehicle whose gear lever is in any one of the forward drive assigned driving position is strangled on a slope and starts to move backwards, an opposite torque is transmitted from the wheels to the internal combustion engine, as a result, the crankshaft rotates in the opposite direction. This opposite torque is due to the overrunning clutch transferred to the starter and as a result, the armature is rotated in the opposite direction. The opposite rotation the armature of the starter motor continues until a driver of the Vehicle depresses a brake pedal or a clutch pedal.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a constant engagement type starter comprising:
a starter motor generating a torque at its armature shaft when supplied with electric power;
an output shaft coupled to the armature shaft;
a provided on this output shaft and always with a gear on the side of a Burn motor engaged pinion and
a reverse rotation preventing clutch configured to allow the armature shaft to rotate in the normal direction to make the engine rotate in the normal direction and prevent the armature shaft from rotating in the opposite direction; When the output shaft is subjected to an opposite torque, which is transmitted from the rotating in the opposite direction of the internal combustion engine.

With According to the present invention, it becomes possible to prevent the anchor a starter motor of a starter of the constant engagement type itself under the effect of a fluctuation of the rotational movement of the Crankshaft of the vehicle engine during the period of time in which the internal combustion engine is stopped caused, opposing Torque or by the backward movement of the strangled Vehicle is rotating at high speed in the opposite direction. With can damage the anchor with the present invention and a Reducing the life of a brush of the starter motor prevents become.

SHORT DESCRIPTION THE DRAWINGS

From the attached Drawings is

1 a view, half in longitudinal section, of a constant-engagement type starter according to an embodiment of the present invention

2 a part of a longitudinal section of the constant-engagement type starter showing the construction of a speed-reducing device and a counter-rotation preventing clutch associated therewith;

3 a portion of a cross section of the coupling for preventing an opposite rotation, of which one of its cam chambers is visible;

4 a cross section through the clutch for preventing an opposite rotation in a state when starting the internal combustion engine and

5 a cross section through the clutch for preventing an opposite rotation in a state in which the internal combustion engine rotates in the opposite direction.

PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS THE INVENTION

The 1 is a view, half as a longitudinal section, of a starter 1 Constant-engagement type according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The ignition 1 closes a starter motor 3 one at his anchor 2 generates a torque, as well as an electromagnetic relay 4 for opening and closing a main contact of a (not shown) power supply circuit of the starter motor 3 , a speed reducing device 8th to reduce the speed of the armature 2 and their transmission to an output shaft 5 , a pinion carried by the output shaft 7 and a clutch 8th to prevent an inverse rotation affecting the anchor 2 prevents it from being turned in a direction in which the anchor 2 when starting an internal combustion engine rotates.

The electric motor 3 includes a field generator consisting of a plurality of permanent magnets 10 at regular intervals on an inner circumference of a yoke 9 are attached and form a magnetic circuit, as well as the inside of the yoke 9 rotatable built-in anchor 2 and a brush 12 in sliding contact with one in the anchor 2 provided commutator 11 stands. When the main contact through the electromagnetic relay 4 is closed, the electric motor 3 supplied with electric power from a vehicle battery (not shown), thereby at the armature 2 to generate a torque. The permanent magnets 10 can be replaced by a field coil. The electromagnetic relay 4 includes a solenoid that generates an electromagnetic force when supplied with a current from the vehicle battery to close the main contact.

As in 2 As shown, the speed reducing device is a sun gear 14 formed at one end of a rotatable shaft 13 of the anchor 2 (hereinafter referred to as "armature shaft") is formed, a ring gear 15 its rotation by a shock absorbing device 18 is limited, and a plurality of planetary gears 16 that with the sun wheel 14 and the ring gear 15 engage. If the anchor 2 rotated at a state in which the ring gear 15 is prevented from its rotation, the rotation of the armature 2 through the sun wheel 14 on the planet wheels 16 transmitted, causing the planet gears 16 around the sun wheel 14 move. The orbital motion of the planet wheels 16 will be on the output shaft 5 through trunnions 17 transferred, on which the planet gears are rotatably mounted.

As in 2 is shown, the shock absorbing device 18 from a solid disk 21 formed, fixed to a middle part of the housing 20 is attached, one between the middle part of the housing 20 and the solid disc 21 inserted rotatable, with the ring gear 15 the speed reduction device 6 engaged disc 22 and a plate spring 23 holding the rotatable disc 22 over the solid disc 21 in the direction of the middle part of the housing 20 biases. The rotatable disc 22 is due to friction with the solid disc 22 and the middle part of the housing 20 , which serve as a friction disc, prevented from rotating. When an excessive torque, greater than a holding torque of the rotating disc 22 , on the ring gear 15 is exercised, the ring gear 15 allowed to rotate because of the rotatable disc 22 against the friction with the solid disc 21 and the middle part of the housing 20 twisted so that the excessive torque is absorbed.

The output shaft 5 coaxial with the armature shaft 13 is arranged, is rotatable by a front housing part 19 about a camp 24 worn at its one end and is with its other end with the armature shaft 13 over the speed reduction device 6 connected. The wedge-like with the output shaft 5 connected pinions 7 is permanently engaged with the ring gear 25 of the internal combustion engine.

The coupling 8th to prevent an opposite movement is from a clutch outer part 26 formed, the fixed between the middle part of the housing 20 and the yoke 9 is arranged, one on the armature shaft 13 provided clutch inner part 27 , Clutch rollers 29 in between the clutch outer 26 and the clutch inner part 27 trained cam chambers 28 (please refer 3 ) and the clutch rollers 29 towards the sections of greater height in the cam chambers 28 biasing springs 30 ,

As in 3 shown is the chamber 28 formed so that it has a wedge-shaped shape such that its height (the distance between the outer circumference of the clutch inner part 27 and the inner circumference of the clutch outer 26 ) decreases gradually in the circumferential direction. As in 3 to see is the height of the cam chamber 28 larger in its right portion and smaller than the diameter of the clutch pulley in the left portion thereof 29 ,

As in 4 shown, the clutch inner rotates 27 in the clockwise direction, as indicated by an arrow in this figure, the clutch roller 29 moves towards the right section, where it can rotate freely, which is why the clutch inner part 27 this rotation can continue.

On the other hand, as in 5 shown when the clutch inner rotates counterclockwise in the direction indicated by an arrow in this figure, the clutch roller 29 towards the left section, where they are between the clutch outer 26 and the clutch inner part 27 is blocked, causing the clutch inner part 27 is prevented from rotating.

The coupling 8th to prevent an inverse rotation is designed so that their clutch rollers 29 turn loosely around the clutch inner part 27 to allow it to rotate in the normal direction, so that the torque of the armature rotating in the normal direction 2 for cranking the internal combustion engine via the speed reduction device 6 on the output shaft 5 is transferred, and that the clutch rollers 29 to prevent rotation of the clutch inner part 27 be blocked in the opposite direction, to prevent a reverse torque from the engine to the armature 2 is transmitted.

Next is the action of the starter 1 explained with the structure explained above. When the main contact of the electric motor 3 through the electromagnetic relay 4 is closed, flows from the vehicle battery, a current in the anchor 2 and that's why at anchor 2 developed a torque. As explained above, the anchor is 2 if it turns in the normal direction, not through the clutch 8th to prevent reverse rotation from rotating in the opposite direction because the clutch rollers 29 to turn loose at this time. As a result, the rotation of the armature becomes 2 through the speed reducing device 6 on the output shaft 5 and for cranking the engine further over the pinion 7 on the sprocket 25 transfer.

When the engine is started, the overrunning clutch (not shown) prevents the transmission of the rotational movement in the normal direction of the crankshaft to the ring gear 25 to thereby rotate the armature 2 to avoid. Of course, upon rotation of the crankshaft in the opposite direction, the clutch will occur 8th to prevent reverse rotation in action to the clutch inner part 27 to prevent rotation and thereby avoid the anchor 2 turns in the opposite direction.

By the present embodiment, it becomes possible to rotate the armature 2 at high speed in the opposite direction due to the effect of variations in rotational motion the crankshaft during the period to stop the engine or during reverse rotation of the stopped vehicle to avoid. However, with the present embodiment, the damage of the armature 2 and reducing the life of the brushes 12 be prevented.

At the starter 1 This embodiment, the clutch 8th to prevent an opposite rotation, because they are on the armature shaft 13 is provided, as seen from the internal combustion engine after the Drehzahlreduziervorrichtung 6 is arranged, the one from the internal combustion engine to the armature shaft 13 transmitted torque reduced by their small speed reduction ratio, a small torque capacity and consequently a small size compared to the case that the clutch 8th for preventing reverse rotation in front of the speed reducing device 6 is arranged.

Besides, because the starter 1 this embodiment with the shock absorbing device 18 is provided, which has an excessive torque, greater than the holding torque of the rotatable disc 22 and transmitted from the internal combustion engine, absorbed, various, between the sprocket 25 and the output shaft 5 arranged components have lower strengths and smaller designs, without the reliability of the starter 1 to lower.

Because the pinion 7 always with the sprocket 25 is engaged, the starter according to this embodiment is able to quickly restart a vehicle engine and has the additional advantage that it is quiet, because no engagement noise between the pinion 7 and the sprocket 25 occur.

The ignition 1 This embodiment is also able to eliminate the noise that occur so far when stopping the vehicle da9 anchor 2 is caused to rotate in the opposite direction and thereby the brush 12 is initiated via the commutator 11 to delete.

Accordingly, the starter 1 According to this embodiment are advantageously used in a vehicle, which is provided with an automatic system for stopping and restarting the internal combustion engine (also called "ecorun system"), which automatically stops the internal combustion engine of a vehicle when the vehicle at a stop red light or in a traffic jam, and shortly thereafter restart the engine because the frequency of engine restart is considerably greater compared to the case where the vehicle is not provided with such a system.

In the embodiment described above, the overrunning clutch, which is designed to be idling when the rotational speed of the engine exceeds that of the starter, may be located inside the starter, instead of between the crankshaft and the ring gear 25 be provided. For example, she may be in the pinion 7 on the output shaft 5 be integrated.

The pinion 7 Can be integral with the output shaft 5 be formed when the overrunning clutch between the crankshaft and the ring gear 25 is arranged, as is the case in the embodiment, because it is not necessary, the pinion 7 to move in the axial direction of the output shaft, unlike a conventional starter type in which the pinion is pushed electromagnetically into an engaged position with a motor-side ring gear.

The explained above preferred embodiments are exemplary for the invention according to the present invention Application which is described solely by the appended claims. It should be understood that modifications of the preferred embodiments can be created how they open up to the expert.

Claims (9)

Starter of constant contact type comprising: one when supplied with electrical power a torque at its Anchor shaft generating starter motor; one with the armature shaft coupled output shaft; a provided on this output shaft and always with a gear on the side of an internal combustion engine engaged pinion and a clutch to prevent an opposite rotation, which is designed to be the armature shaft allows to rotate in the normal direction to to crank the internal combustion engine in the normal direction, and the Armature shaft prevents it from rotating in the opposite direction, when the output shaft is subjected to an opposing torque which is transmitted from the rotating in the opposite direction internal combustion engine becomes. The constant-engagement type starter according to claim 1, wherein the armature shaft and the output shaft are coupled to each other by a speed reducing device configured to transmit a rotational movement of the armature shaft to the output shaft while reducing the rotational speed of that rotational movement A coupling for preventing an opposite rotational movement on the armature shaft and is designed so that it prevents the armature shaft from rotating in the opposite direction when the opposing torque is transmitted through the speed reduction device to the coupling for preventing an opposite rotational movement. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 2, wherein the coupling for preventing an opposite rotational movement a clutch outer part, an attached to the armature shaft clutch inner part and between the fixed coupling outer part and the clutch inner part arranged clutch rollers, as well as designed the clutch to prevent an opposite rotational movement is that the Clutch rollers rotate loosely to the clutch inner part a Allow rotation when the armature shaft in the normal direction to crank the internal combustion engine, and in a gap between the fixed coupling outer part and the clutch inner part are locked to the clutch inner part to prevent rotation, so that the armature shaft at a rotation in the opposite direction Direction under the influence of opposing torque hindered is. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 2, wherein the speed reduction device with a shock-absorbing Device for absorbing a larger torque than one predetermined torque transmitted from the engine to the output shaft is provided. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 3, wherein the speed reduction device with a shock-absorbing Device for absorbing a larger torque than one predetermined torque transmitted from the engine to the output shaft is provided. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 4, wherein the Drehzahlreduziervorrichtung a sun gear includes, which is formed at one end of the armature shaft, and a coaxial arranged to this sun gear ring gear and a plurality of planetary gears, the with the sun gear and the ring gear are engaged, with a by the rotation of the armature shaft resulting circulating movement of the planetary gears to the sun gear is transmitted to the output shaft, and wherein the shock-absorbing Device with a ring gear coupled to the rotatable disc and comprises a solid friction disc, which is in frictional engagement with the rotatable disc. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 5, wherein the Drehzahlreduziervorrichtung a sun gear includes, which is formed at one end of the armature shaft, and a coaxial arranged to this sun gear ring gear and a plurality of planetary gears, the with the sun gear and the ring gear are engaged, with a by the rotation of the armature shaft resulting circulating movement of the planetary gears to the sun gear is transmitted to the output shaft, and wherein the shock-absorbing Device with a ring gear coupled to the rotatable disc and comprises a solid friction disc, which is in frictional engagement with the rotatable disc. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 1, further comprising an integrating with the pinion on the output shaft connected overrunning clutch, wherein the overrunning clutch designed so that they a transmission allows a torque from the output shaft to the pinion, when the speed of the output shaft is greater than the speed of the Ritzels, and torque transmission blocked from the pinion to the output shaft when the speed of the Ritzels is taller as the speed of the output shaft. Starter of the type with constant engagement after Claim 1 further comprising a power supply circuit, the the power supply of the starter motor according to one of an external automatic System for the stopping and restarting of the internal combustion engine received command controls.