DE102006004755B4 - Floor construction and use of a decoupling mat to build a floor heating - Google Patents

Abstract

floor construction (2) with a profiled on a floor (10) and dense decoupling mat (8) for decoupling a glued floor covering (4) from the floor (10), wherein the decoupling mat (8) has a bearing surface (16) having recesses and a plurality of fixing elements (18) and a heating wire (20) on the fixing elements (18) not over the Supporting surface overlapping is fixed and wherein directly on the decoupling mat (8) glued with the fixed heating wire (20) of the floor covering (4) is.

Description

The The invention relates to a floor structure as well a decoupling mat for the construction of a floor heating.

For the construction an electric underfloor heating become common today prefabricated heating elements used on a floor, in particular a screed. The prefabricated heating elements have electric heating wires on. Such electrical underfloor heating are often used in old building renovations and in particular even in areas where only cuts of a room with underfloor heating should be. On these prefabricated parts is after their interpretation the floor covering, usually laid a tile or stone covering. The structure of such floor with electric underfloor heating this is time consuming. First, the prefabricated elements adapted to the room. This must be taken to ensure that the electrical connections to a ending or beginning previously determined place. This requires that the prefabricated heating elements first provisionally on the screed be designed and, if necessary, cut to size. Then be these prefabricated elements usually fixed by gluing. Before the tile covering can be glued on, must first this adhesive for cured the fixation of electric underfloor heating or to be dried up. In general, this means that between the Applying the electrical heating elements and laying the flooring at least one day rest must be.

Becomes in a room only a partial area with a floor heating formed, It is also necessary that the edge areas next to the prefabricated Heating elements are poured with a leveling compound, thus for the Apply the following flooring to have a flat bottom surface.

The Applying the balancing mass in turn requires a considerable Time required. In addition, this balancing mass must also at least to harden one day, before the floor covering glued on can be.

For the formation of a floor with underfloor heating, different approaches are known from the prior art. For example, according to the DE 26 04 782 C2 the use of a plate-shaped heating and / or cooling unit for installation in ceilings, floors and walls, said unit having a base plate on which a heating cable is laid, which in turn is covered by a cover plate. At the time of the US Pat. No. 6,969,832 B1 to be taken embodiment variant, a heating tube is fixed by means of clips on a grid mat and then embedded in the screed. From the DE 20 2004 014 829 U1 is the use of so-called one-man building panels refer to where grooves are incorporated, in turn, the heating wires are inserted, which are then sealed. From the DE 43 29 546 A1 Finally, a flat radiator with a plate-shaped body part can be seen. The plate-shaped body part has on its rear side a trough-shaped recess for receiving electrical heating conductors. The tub is filled with a plastic material. Another surface heating element is in the German utility model G 88 12 199 U1 described in which are provided in a plate body prefabricated grooves for receiving a heating wire. From the DE 34 41 412 A1 the subsequent attachment of a heater can be seen, for which purpose grooves are milled in an existing floor, in which then laid the heating wires and verschlosießend be poured with filler. Finally, out of the DE 19 86 165 U1 provided a building board in which heating elements are laid in wells and then a cement screed is applied.

Of the Invention is the object of the construction of a floor with electric underfloor heating so that the structure of the floor can be carried out more quickly.

The The object is achieved by claim 1.

Under Decoupling mat is doing a dense, so waterproof and textured plastic film or mat understood in particular is relocated on an existing floor in old building renovations, and on the following the flooring is glued on. Such decoupling mats are used in particular, the tile flooring from the underlying Decoupling ground so that movements in the ground are not transferred to the tile flooring be so that no tensions are introduced into the flooring, the one to a tearing For example, lead from tiles could. Such decoupling mats are common formed as dimpled sheets and are made of polyethylene.

Of particular importance is the use of the below also referred to as fixing mat decoupling mat with a profiled surface, wherein the support surface forms an uppermost level of Fixiermatte. The profiled fixing mat is used for decoupling the glued flooring, in particular tile flooring of the underneath lying raw floor to avoid stress cracks in the tile floor covering. In addition, the recesses in the profile serve to receive an adhesive, which is applied directly to the fixing mat to fix the floor covering. Since the heating wire in its fixed position does not project beyond the support surface, the floor covering can be applied directly to the fixing mat. In addition, this is the fixing mat accessible, without the heating wire is damaged.

To the Construction of the floor In a first step, the laying out of the fixing mat is provided, which is specially designed to be a variety of Fixing elements for having the inclusion of a heating wire. In a second step will follow at least one heating wire laid on the fixing mat and means the fixing elements fixed to the fixing mat. Finally will in a third step the actual floor covering is applied.

This is usually a tile or stone flooring that is glued on. This flooring is here on the support surface the fixing mat glued. Because the heating wires are arranged below the support surface is a tile adhesive can easily directly on the fixing mat be applied without, for example, the time-consuming application a balancing mass is required. The contact surface sets in this case preferably from individual spaced-apart sections with interposed depressions together. The surfaces of the sections form the contact surface. As an alternative to tile or stone flooring, other floor coverings, such as For example, glued parquet, planks or laminate.

The Fixing elements are in this case preferably at regular intervals to each other and arranged, for example, grid or net-like, so that the Heating wire in any way according to a desired Course can be relocated.

Of the particular advantage of the method is that the floor structure can be created continuously without interruptions. Despite the Manual laying of the heating wire is a considerable time saver achieved, since all the necessary steps directly to each other can follow. Overall, therefore, despite the manual laying of the reduced heating wires the necessary time required. In addition, do not need the prefabricated Heating elements to be used. In addition to the time savings results therefore also a cost savings.

The Fixiermatte is preferably designed as a web-shaped piece goods, the for the transport is rolled up. The fixation mat will be on the Ground rolled out and cut to shape. In this way The fixing mat covers the whole floor of the room, with the application very fast and easy. There are thus no uncovered Areas of the ground being filled up with a leveling compound have to.

The Fixing elements can in this case both directed inwards in the material of the fixing mat be formed, as well as protrude from the surface of the top. Dependent on of their form the fixation elements run continuously or the top can be punctually provided with a plurality of them.

At the Construction of the floor is according to a preferred embodiment of the bottom slip immediately after fixing applied to the heating wire. So it's not a wait before Laying the tiles required. The entire floor is therefore trained within an uninterrupted work process.

According to one Another preferred embodiment is the fixing mat on the floor fixed, especially glued to the ground. This allows a stable position of the fixing mat, allowing it when attaching the heating wire or at a later process step not slip.

To In a preferred variant, the heating wire is in the fixing elements snapped. This creates a solid positive connection between the fixing elements and the heating wire. Through the training as Snap elements needs the heating wire only in the fixing pressed to become.

Conveniently, The heating wire is laid by the meter. This continues to simplify the attachment of the heating wire in place in a continuous course with any length and shape, which meet the local requirements for heating power.

Around a different heat output in the different areas of the bottom, the heating wire is preferably in different Parts of the fixing mat laid differently densely. at a structured laying of the heating wire, in particular with a serpentine or meandering course, the heating wire has mutually parallel sections.

ever less the distance between two such sections is the more stronger is the heating power in this area.

Preferably, the heating wire is laid in only a portion of the fixing mat. This is particularly advantageous if only at certain In the room a heating power is desired. Underfloor heating is particularly unnecessary in the area of kitchen equipment, bathtub, built-in cupboards, etc.

Just For this Fall if only a portion of the room with underfloor heating to be provided brings the proposed floor construction decisive advantages. Preferably, namely, the fixing mat over the entire surface over the The heating wire is only laid out in the whole room desired Sub-area relocated. Due to the complete laying out of the fixing mat needs in the fields outside the heating wire no leveling compound to be applied, as this at the usual prefabricated heating elements is the case. Just the application However, a balancing weight is very time consuming, costly and requires In addition, a break of at least one day before the Tile flooring can be applied.

According to one preferred embodiment form the fixing elements snap-fits for the heating wire. With help This snap is a positive connection for the heating wire produced. The snap shots have two flanks in particular between which a narrowing is formed, which is a little narrower is the diameter of the heating wire. The heating wire must at Attach to the snaps with force through this restriction guided become and become "snapped". Alternatively to the Snap shots are simple shots as fasteners provided in which the heating wire loosely rests.

Prefers the snap shots are opened upwards, leaving the heating wire can be easily and conveniently inserted.

advantageously, Each of the fixing elements has intersecting channels. Through the intersecting channels is a change of direction when laying the heating wire of the heating wire easily possible. For this Purpose is provided approximately centrally on each of the fixing a crossing area, from the at least three channels go out radiant, which close to each other an angle of 120 °, so that the fixing elements have an approximately cloverleaf-like shape. Alternatively you can crossing four or more channels in the crossing area.

Around bending the heating wires for example, by 90 ° facilitate, is advantageously in the central crossing area between the intersecting channels provided a free space. In this space, the heating wire is therefore not forced.

Conveniently, have the channels a diameter in the range between 2 and 4 mm, in particular 3 mm and are thus adapted to the diameter of a conventional heating wire.

To an advantageous embodiment the fixing elements are spaced from each other. Consequently a particularly easy separation of the fixing mat is possible. Of the Distance between the adjacent fixing elements has in particular approximately one to three times the width of the channels. Due to the relatively low distances between the fixing elements tearing of the heating wire is prevented which is not guided in the distance range is.

To In another advantageous embodiment, the fixing elements form Elevations, their surfaces the bearing surface define. The advantage of these designs is that the glue, the directly on the support surface is applied, especially in the wells between can penetrate the individual fixing elements. In a structured Plastic fixing mat can the fixing elements or the depressions between the fixing elements be embossed in a continuous process.

The Task is still according to the invention solved by the use of a decoupling mat to build an electrical underfloor heating according to claim 13th

The in terms of floor construction advantages listed and preferred embodiments can be transferred analogously.

embodiments The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It show here:

1 a schematic structure of a floor with an integrated floor heating,

2 a cross-sectional view of a part of a fixing mat,

3 an enlargement of the section A according to 2 .

4 a plan view of the fixing mat according to 2 , and

5 an exemplary course of a heating wire in a plan view of the fixing mat according to 2 ,

Same Reference numerals have the same meaning in the various figures.

In 1 is schematically a floor construction 2 shown. The floor structure comprises a floor covering 4 consisting in particular of tiles, by means of an adhesive 6 on a fixing mat 8th is appropriate. The fixation mat 8th is on a rough floor 10 , in particular a screed, fixed. It is in particular with the help of an adhesive not shown here with the raw floor 10 bonded. The floor construction 2 is by means of an insulating strip 12 from a wall 14 a room separated.

The fixation mat 8th is in this embodiment a piece goods, which rolled up to transport and when laying on the unfinished floor 10 rolled up again and cut to size and shape. The roll width is for example about 1 m. Alternatively, there is the fixing mat 8th from plate-like elements strung together. The raw floor 10 gets complete with the fixing mat 8th designed. The fixation mat 8th In this case, for example, consists of an electrically and heat-insulating plastic and is designed in the manner of a decoupling mat.

The detailed structure of the fixing mat 8th is in the 2 - 4 shown. The fixation mat 8th has an upper support surface 16 on, in this embodiment of a plurality of fixing elements 18 is formed. On this support surface 16 lies the flooring 4 plan on. For holding a heating wire 20 are the fixing elements 18 with recording channels 22 provided, which are approximately circular in cross section.

3 represents an enlargement of the section A according to 2 dar. The receiving channel 22 is as a recess of the fixing 18 formed and has a nearly circular cross section, which is up to the support surface 16 is open. The opening of the canal 22 is flush with the support surface 16 , The fixing element 18 forms a kind of snap-shot: near its opening to the support surface 16 it has two opposite flanks 24 on, between which a constriction is formed. The distance between the two flanks 24 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the heating wire 20 , When inserting the heating wire 20 he gets through the narrowing between the two flanks 24 with force in the canal 22 pressed and held in this form-fitting.

In the exemplary embodiment, the fixing mat 8th a thickness of about 4 mm. The fixing elements 18 make elevations on a polyethylene sheet 25 are with which they are integrally formed. Under the fixing mat 8th there is a carrier fleece 26 with which the fixing mat 8th usually on the raw floor 10 is glued.

The channel 22 is about as deep as the fixation element 18 above the polyethylene web 25 rises. In its widest area is the canal 22 about 3.1 mm wide.

The distance between the two flanks 24 is smaller and is for example about 2.8 mm. The heating wire 20 whose diameter is slightly the width of the channel 22 can therefore only by impressions between the two flanks 24 be performed.

The top view of the fixing mat 8th in 4 shows the arrangement of the fixing elements 18 on the top of the fixing mat 8th , The fixing elements 18 are arranged symmetrically in the manner of a grid in rows and columns. On each of the fixing elements 18 4 channels intersect, with two adjacent channels each 22 close an angle of 90 ° with each other. The channels 22 are depressions in longitudinal and transverse webs, so that the fixing elements 18 are formed about radiating. The fixing elements 18 have approximately the shape of a four-leaf clover. By this radiation-like configuration, a large, in the embodiment of a square and a recess forming gap is created, which serves to receive an adhesive. In the crossing area of the canals 22 is a circular space 27 provided the bending of the heating wire 20 facilitated.

The distance between two fixing elements 18 in this embodiment is only about 1.5 times the width of the channels 22 so that the heating wire 20 as well as possible and a tearing of the heating wire 20 is prevented. This distance is a maximum of about 1 cm.

Between the fixing elements 18 in the interstices nubs not shown here are arranged in an alternative embodiment. The knobs can for example be introduced by embossing and have a cylindrical shape. These nubs form together with the fixing elements 18 the bearing surface 16 , therefore serve to support the flooring 4 , Alternatively, only the knobs form the bearing surface 16 and the fixing elements 18 are overall below the support surface 16 arranged.

The heating wire 20 is sold by the meter and will be on site at the construction site in the canals 22 pressed. The length of the heating wire used 20 and its course on the fixation mat 8th are determined by the heating requirements in different areas of the floor. The heating wire 20 is in a serpentine course in the channels 22 relocated, being at the intersection areas in the open space 27 the direction of its course changes. Thus, it also allows the heating wire 20 in the different parts of the fixing mat 8th laid differently densely.

5 shows the course of one in the channels 22 snapped in heating wire 20 , The heating wire 20 has a serpentine course, which in the various sub-areas I . II . III the fixing mat 8th laid differently densely. The electric underfloor heating in this embodiment comprises three subregions I . II . III , which are separated in the figure by dashed lines.

In the first part I extends the heating wire 20 over the entire surface of the fixing mat 8th where the distance between each two adjacent parallel sections 28a . 28b is low. In this area ensures the shape of the attached heating wire 20 for a particularly intensive heating of the floor.

In a second subarea II is the heating wire 20 less densely laid so that this area of the floor is less intensively heated during operation of the underfloor heating.

A third section III the fixing mat 8th is due to the absence of the heating wire 20 characterized. This area of the floor is not heated. This is particularly useful if there are larger furniture or devices in this area, so that heating the floor at this point is inefficient.

Similarly, it is also possible to use the heating wire 20 in only a partial area of the fixing mat 8th to lay, if not the whole ground must be heated.

Because the heating wire 20 manually routed on site, its ends can easily at a common Ansteuerpunkt 30 be merged where they are connected to a control and power supply unit.

2

floor construction

4

Flooring, tiling

6

Glue, adhesive layer

8th

holding pad

10

unfinished floor

12

insulation strips

14

wall

16

bearing surface

18

fixing, channel

20

heating wire

22

channel

24

flank

25

polyethylene sheet

26

carrier fleece

27

free space

28a, 28b

sections

30

driving point

I, II, III

subregions the fixing mat

A

neckline

Claims (21)

Floor construction ( 2 ) with one on a floor ( 10 ) profiled and dense decoupling mat ( 8th ) for decoupling a glued floor covering ( 4 ) from the ground ( 10 ), the decoupling mat ( 8th ) a support surface ( 16 ) with depressions and a plurality of fixing elements ( 18 ) and a heating wire ( 20 ) on the fixing elements ( 18 ) is not fixed over the support surface projecting and directly on the decoupling mat ( 8th ) with the heating wire fixed thereto ( 20 ) the flooring ( 4 ) is glued. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to claim 1, wherein the fixing elements ( 18 ) and / or additional nubs the support surface ( 16 ) to which the floor covering ( 4 ), wherein in the recesses of the adhesive for fixing the flooring ( 4 ) is recorded. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soil ( 10 ) of a room completely with the decoupling mat ( 8th ) is designed. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating wire ( 20 ) in different subareas ( I . II III ) of the decoupling mat ( 8th ) Is installed differently densely. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heating wire ( 20 ) only in one subarea ( I . II ) of the decoupling mat ( 8th ). Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fixing elements ( 18 ) Have snap shots. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to claim 6, wherein the snap-on receptacles are open to the top. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the fixing elements ( 18 ) intersecting channels ( 22 ) having. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to claim 8, wherein in the central crossing region between the intersecting channels ( 22 ) a free space ( 27 ) is provided. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to claim 8 or 9, where the channels ( 22 ) have a diameter in the range between 2 and 4 mm, in particular of about 3 mm. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the fixing elements ( 18 ) are spaced from each other. Floor construction ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the decoupling mat is a web-shaped by the meter. Use of a profiled and dense decoupling mat ( 8th ) for the construction of an electric floor heating, wherein - the decoupling mat ( 8th ) on a floor ( 10 ) and the decoupling mat ( 8th ) an upper bearing surface ( 16 ) with depressions and a plurality of fixing elements ( 18 ) for receiving a heating wire ( 20 ), - at least one heating wire ( 20 ) in a desired course on the fixing elements ( 18 ) is fixed, such that the heating wire does not over the support surface ( 16 ), and - directly on the decoupling mat ( 8th ) with the heating wire attached thereto ( 20 ) a floor covering ( 4 ) is glued. Use according to claim 13, wherein the floor covering ( 4 ) immediately after fixing the heating wire ( 20 ) is applied. Use according to claims 13 or 14, wherein the decoupling mat ( 8th ) on the ground ( 10 ), in particular to the ground ( 10 ) is glued. Use according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the heating wire ( 20 ) in the fixing elements ( 18 ) is snapped. Use according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the heating wire ( 20 ) is laid by the meter. Use according to one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the heating wire ( 20 ) in different subareas ( I . II . III ) of the decoupling mat ( 8th ) is installed differently densely. Use according to one of claims 13 to 18, wherein the heating wire ( 10 ) only in one subarea ( I . II ) of the decoupling mat ( 8th ). Use according to any one of claims 13 to 19, wherein the soil ( 10 ) of a room completely with the decoupling mat ( 8th ) is designed. Use according to one of claims 13 to 20, wherein as a decoupling mat ( 8th ) a web-shaped piece goods is laid.