DE102006004125A1 - Clutch arrangement for a vehicle gearing system comprises an actuator having an electromagnetic arrangement which can be controlled to axially shift the switching bushing - Google Patents

Abstract

Clutch arrangement (10) comprises an actuator (40) having an electromagnetic arrangement (46) which can be controlled to axially shift the switching bushing (22). Preferred Features: The electromagnetic arrangement has a permanent magnet arrangement (56) and a magnetic housing (42) arranged in such a way that they form a magnetic circuit with an anchor section (68) of the switching bushing in the closed and/or in the open position. The magnetic housing and the permanent magnet arrangement are arranged on a housing (44) of a vehicle gearing system.

Description

• – eine mit der Welle drehfest verbundene Schaltmuffe, die an der Welle zwischen einer Schließstellung und einer Offen stellung axial verschieblich gelagert ist und eine erste Schaltverzahnung aufweist;
• – einen mit dem Drehkörper drehfest verbundenen Kupplungskörper, der eine zweite Schaltverzahnung aufweist, in die die erste Schaltverzahnung in Schließrichtung axial eingeschoben werden kann, um den Drehkörper in der Schließstellung mit der Welle zu verbinden; und
• – eine Aktuatoranordnung zum axialen Verschieben der Schaltmuffe.

The present invention relates to a clutch assembly for motor vehicle transmission, for connecting a shaft with a rotary body mounted thereon, in particular with a loose wheel, wherein the clutch assembly comprises:

• - A non-rotatably connected to the shaft shift sleeve, which is mounted axially displaceably on the shaft between a closed position and an open position and has a first switching toothing;
• - A rotatably connected to the rotary body coupling body having a second switching toothing, in which the first switching toothing can be inserted axially in the closing direction to connect the rotary body in the closed position with the shaft; and
• - An actuator assembly for the axial displacement of the shift sleeve.

Further The present invention relates to a method for engaging a Gear stage of a transmission, in particular a motor vehicle transmission, and Although by axial displacement of a sliding sleeve with respect to a Coupling body and a corresponding method for disengaging such a gear.

Clutch assemblies The type described above are well known. They are regularly in like that mentioned manual transmissions, in automated manual transmissions (ASG) and used in dual clutch transmissions (DKG). Clutch assemblies of the type mentioned, however also for used other connections between a shaft and a rotary body be, for example, between two waves or the like.

Of the clutch body with the second shift teeth can be formed separately from the rotary body and be firmly attached to it. Alternatively, it is also possible to clutch body one piece with the rotary body train.

at The actuator assemblies are known hydraulic actuators, the Generating force for axial displacement of the shift sleeve hydraulically. Furthermore, so-called electromechanical actuators are known in where the power of an electric motor is used to to move the shift sleeve axially. This is often a Rotation / translation converter, like a shift drum used.

These However, known clutch assemblies are subject to a relative high wear.

In front In the above background, it is the object of the present invention to provide an improved clutch assembly for motor vehicle transmission.

These Task is in the aforementioned clutch assembly solved by that the actuator assembly comprises an electromagnet assembly which can be controlled to move the shift sleeve axially.

With an electromagnet arrangement as an actuator, the switching forces for axial displacement of the shift sleeve contactless transfer. Consequently draws the clutch assembly according to the invention due to low wear.

Especially preferred is the clutch assembly without synchronization means (i.e., without synchronizer ring), so that the shifting forces comparatively are low.

The The above object is further solved by a method of engagement a gear stage of a transmission, in particular a motor vehicle transmission, by axially displacing a sliding sleeve with respect to a coupling body by means of an electromagnet arrangement, wherein the electromagnet arrangement a magnet housing, an electrical coil arrangement and a permanent magnet, with the steps to energize the coil assembly, allowing a first magnetic circle over the magnet housing, the permanent magnet, a magnetizable anchor portion of the sliding sleeve, a polar body of the coupling body and set up an axial air gap between the anchor portion and the pole body is, and at or after closing the air gap to reduce the energization, wherein the permanent magnet a magnetic holding flux over Maintains the first magnetic circuit to the shift sleeve axially in the indented Hold position.

The above object is further achieved by a method for disengaging a gear stage of a transmission, in particular a motor vehicle transmission, by axially displacing a sliding sleeve with respect to a coupling body by means of an electromagnet assembly, wherein the electromagnet assembly comprises a magnet housing, an electrical coil assembly and a permanent magnet, and wherein the shift sleeve is held axially by means of a holding flux generated by the permanent magnet via a first magnetic circuit, with the steps to energize the coil assembly, so that the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is displaced into a second magnetic circuit, via the magnet housing , the permanent magnet and a magnetizable anchor portion of the shift sleeve is set, and by means of which the shift sleeve can be axially held in the disengaged position.

The Task is thus completely solved.

at a particularly preferred embodiment the electromagnet arrangement has a permanent magnet arrangement and a magnet housing on, which are arranged so that they are magnetizable Anchor portion of the shift sleeve in the closed and / or open position a magnetic Form circle, by means of which the shift sleeve is held axially.

The Permanent magnet arrangement generates a magnetic flux in the circle, so that the sliding sleeve without permanent power supply axially in the closing and / or in the open position (i.e., in at least one end position) can be held.

there It is particularly advantageous if the magnet housing and the permanent magnet arrangement on a housing of the motor vehicle transmission are fixed.

in this connection the magnet system can be preassembled on the gear housing. It is a compact design possible.

According to one another preferred embodiment the permanent magnet arrangement has an annular, radially magnetized Permanent magnets on.

A radial magnetization has the advantage that of the permanent magnet generated magnetic flux for both a holding function in the Open position as well for a holding function can be used in the closed position can. In the case of axial magnetization, on the other hand, there is a holding function usually only possible in one of the two end positions.

Further it is generally advantageous if the magnet housing is annular and two radially having inwardly directed ring legs, between which the Permanent magnet arrangement is arranged.

at this embodiment is it possible to have one magnetic circuit over form the permanent magnet assembly and a ring leg. It is possible, too, a second magnetic circuit over the other ring leg and to set up the permanent magnet assembly. This allows the functionality increased overall become.

there it is particularly advantageous if between a ring leg and a permanent magnet of the permanent magnet assembly, a gap is arranged, which is filled with a non-magnetic medium.

On This way, a magnetic short between the permanent magnet and the ring leg can be prevented. The non-magnetic medium In the simplest case, it can be air. It is also possible, however non-magnetic (non-magnetic) material, such as stainless steel, Plastic or similar, use.

there it is also advantageous if the permanent magnet arrangement a non-magnetic carrier at which the permanent magnet is fixed, wherein the carrier in the Interspace is arranged.

at this embodiment If necessary, the permanent magnet arrangement can be manufactured inexpensively. To the others may be the carrier the permanent magnet arrangement for "filling" of the intermediate space be used.

All in all it is also preferable if between the two ring legs of the Magnetic housing one Coil arrangement of the electromagnet assembly is arranged.

The Coil arrangement can be energized in a conventional manner to over the Magnetic housing one magnetic flux and thereby a magnetic field and thus shifting forces to create. By the arrangement of the coil arrangement between the leaves two ring legs Overall, achieve a compact arrangement.

Especially it is preferred if the permanent magnet between the coil assembly and the intermediate space is arranged.

On this way you can in a compact way, two magnetic circuits to comparatively simple Be set up way. In particular, the permanent magnet here for a holding function used in both the closed and in the open position become.

Prefers it is also when a ring leg over a first radial air gap with a polar body is magnetically coupled, which is fixed to the coupling body.

Of the polar body can be separate from the coupling body may be formed, but may also be integrally formed with the coupling body be.

Due to the fact that the coupling takes place via a radial air gap, axial forces avoided between the fixed part of the solenoid assembly and the rotating part of the solenoid assembly. Bearing loads can be reduced thereby.

Further it is advantageous if a ring leg via a second radial Air gap is magnetically coupled with an anchor portion, the is fixed to the sliding sleeve.

Also here you can axial forces reduced between rotating and fixed parts, preferably be avoided.

It is understood that it is also preferred if a permanent magnet the permanent magnet arrangement via a third radial air gap with an armature portion magnetic is coupled, which is fixed to the sliding sleeve.

If when establishing a magnetic circuit, the coupling between fixed parts and rotating parts each over a radial air gap takes place, the resulting radial forces due to the symmetrical relationships on.

Consequently can be in the two end positions of the clutch assembly Bearing loads and friction losses as well as wear due to avoid the electromagnet assembly.

Especially It is therefore preferred when the electromagnet arrangement äusgelegt is to set up a first and a second magnetic circuit, wherein when the first magnetic circuit is arranged on a Anchor portion of the shift sleeve a first magnetic force is applied, the sliding sleeve in the closing direction shifts.

Corresponding It is preferred in this case, when the second magnetic Circle on an anchor portion of the shift sleeve a second magnetic force exercised is, which shifts the sliding sleeve against the closing direction.

at the inventive method for engagement or disengagement a gear, it is particularly preferred when the shift sleeve by means of a mechanical energy storage counter to the Einrückrichtung is biased.

hereby In particular, a safe disengagement of the gear ratio can be achieved become.

Further it is advantageous if in the inventive method, the magnet housing and the Permanent magnet fixed to the housing arranged and with the polar body or the anchor section over Radial air gaps are connected.

• – kompakte Bauweise,
• – berührungslose Schaltkraftübertragung zwischen rotierenden und gehäusefesten Teilen,
• – eine Funktionsintegration dadurch, dass die Schaltmuffe als Magnetanker ausgebildet ist,
• – Ermöglichen einer Vormontage, indem das gehäusefeste Magnetsystem am Getriebegehäuse vormontiert werden kann,
• – verschleißfreie Aktuatorik,
• – relativ einfacher Aufbau,
• – einfache Regelung: definierte Endlage.

Overall, at least one of the following advantages can be achieved with the inventive clutch assembly or the method according to the invention:

• - compact design,
• - non-contact switching power transmission between rotating and housing-fixed parts,
• A functional integration in that the shift sleeve is designed as a magnet armature,
• Enabling pre-assembly by preassembling the housing-fixed magnet system on the transmission housing,
• - wear-free actuator technology,
• Relatively simple construction,
• - simple control: defined end position.

It it is understood that the above and the following yet to be explained features not only in the specified combination, but also in other combinations or alone, without to leave the scope of the present invention.

embodiments The invention are illustrated in the drawings and in the following description explained. Show it:

1 a perspective schematic partial sectional view through a clutch assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 a schematic representation of a motor vehicle transmission, in which the clutch assembly according to the invention can be used;

3 three phases when engaging a gear by means of a clutch assembly according to the invention; and

4 three phases when disengaging a gear by means of a clutch assembly according to the invention.

In 1 For example, a clutch assembly according to one embodiment of the present invention is generally designated 10.

The clutch assembly 10 serves a wave 12 with a rotating body, like a loose wheel 14 , connect or disconnect.

The idler wheel 14 is rotatable on the shaft 12 stored, for example by means of schematically shown needle roller bearings 16 ,

The idler wheel 14 has a spur toothing 18 on, for example, can engage with a corresponding toothing of a fixed wheel on a parallel shaft.

At the wave 12 is a guide sleeve 20 established. The guide sleeve 20 can be separate from the shaft 12 be formed or integrally formed hereby.

The guide sleeve 20 serves a sliding sleeve (sliding sleeve) 22 axially displaceable store. The sliding sleeve 22 has a switching toothing, for example, an internal toothing 24 , as shown on.

At the idler wheel 14 is a coupling body 26 established. This can be separate from the idler gear 14 manufactured and fixed thereto. However, it can also be integral with the idler gear 14 be educated.

The coupling body 26 has a corresponding switching teeth, here an external toothing 28 , on.

When the shift sleeve 22 is displaced in the axial direction (for example in 1 in the closing direction 30 ), the internal teeth 24 the shift sleeve 22 in the external teeth 28 of the coupling body 26 introduced, so that the shaft 12 and the idler gear 14 rotatably connected to each other. When retracting the shift sleeve 22 contrary to the switching direction 30 the gears come 24 . 28 disengaged, leaving the idler gear 14 in terms of the wave 12 is freely rotatable.

It is understood that the shift sleeve 22 with the wave 12 (the guide sleeve 20 ) is rotatably connected.

The sliding sleeve 22 is in 1 shown in an open position, ie in a position in which the teeth 24 . 28 out of engagement. The sliding sleeve 22 is by means of a mechanical energy storage, in the present case by means of a spring 32 , biased in this open position. For this purpose, the shift sleeve 22 a radial bridge 34 on, on which one end of the spring 32 is applied. On the other hand is on the guide sleeve 20 a circlip 36 set at which the other end of the spring 32 is applied.

For axial displacement of the shift sleeve 22 in relation to the guide sleeve 20 is an actuator arrangement 40 intended.

The actuator assembly 40 includes a generally annular magnet housing 42 attached to a gearbox 44 is fixed. The actuator assembly 40 further includes an electromagnet assembly 46 , This in turn includes an electrical coil assembly in the form of a toroidal coil 48 ,

The magnet housing 42 has an axial ring land 50 and a first radial ring leg 52 and a second radial ring leg 54 on. The two ring legs 52 . 54 Stand from the axial ring land 50 inside. In cross section, the magnet housing is thus approximately U-shaped.

Radial within the axial ring land 50 is between the two ring legs 52 . 54 on the one hand, the coil 48 arranged. On the other hand, there is a permanent magnet arrangement in between 56 arranged, which is a permanent magnet 58 having. The permanent magnet 58 is formed as a ring magnet, which is radially magnetized, so that a pole is radially outward and a pole radially inward.

The permanent magnet arrangement 56 also includes a carrier 60 made of a non-magnetic material. The permanent magnet arrangement 56 is adjacent to the second ring leg 54 arranged such that the carrier 60 the permanent magnet 58 from the second ring leg 54 keeps spaced. In other words, between the second ring leg 54 and the permanent magnet 56 a space ( 62 ) formed with a non-magnetic medium (in the present case the carrier 60 ) is filled.

The sink 48 is in a conventional manner on a bobbin 64 wound. The bobbin 64 may be made of plastic, such as POM or other non-magnetizable material such as austenitic stainless steel.

With the coupling body 26 is a polar body 66 made of a magnetizable material firmly connected. The polar body 66 lies radially inside the first ring leg 52 and is magnetically coupled thereto via a narrow radial air gap (unspecified). In a similar manner is the shift sleeve 22 an anchor section 68 made of a magnetizable material. In the in 1 shown open position is the anchor section 68 radially within the second annular leg 54 and extends axially toward the pole body 66 , This is the anchor section 68 also radially inside the permanent magnet 58 or the permanent magnet arrangement 56 ,

In the open position shown is between an axial end face of the polar body 66 and an axial end face of the anchor portion 68 an axial air gap 74 educated. The opposing end faces can be formed tapered in order to achieve a relatively high magnetic force even with a relatively large stroke can.

The polar body 66 and the anchor section 68 are, as I said, formed of a magnetizable material. Preferably, they are separate from the coupling body 26 or the sliding sleeve 22 educated. However, it is also generally conceivable, the polar body 66 integral with the coupling body 26 or the anchor section 58 integral with the sliding sleeve 22 train.

at 70 and 72 Furthermore electrical leads are shown, which serve to the coil 48 to energize.

It can be seen that the clutch assembly 10 does not include its own synchronization means, such as a synchronizer ring. The clutch assembly 10 works therefore in the manner of a dog clutch. The here for meshing the teeth 24 . 28 necessary forces are relatively low compared to conventional synchronous clutches. The synchronization can be done by other means. In the case of a transmission for a vehicle driven by an electric motor, the synchronization can optionally take place via the electric motor drive. The same applies to so-called hybrid drives. However, other means of synchronization may be provided, such as brakes or the like.

However, it is also conceivable, the relative rotational positions of shaft 12 and idler gear 14 to monitor and the clutch assembly 10 to operate at a suitable relative rotational position to avoid scratching and the like.

Further it is natural also possible, a clutch assembly according to the invention equipped with synchronization means (synchronizer ring).

In 2 exemplified is a motor vehicle transmission, for which the clutch assembly 10 of the 1 can be used. The gear 80 is exemplified as a gearbox for longitudinal installation and has two gears. However, it is also possible, the clutch assembly 10 to be used on gearboxes with several gear ratios.

Preferably, the clutch assembly 10 also be used in a transmission that is designed as a 2-speed transmission, for connection to an electric motor as a drive motor for the motor vehicle. Such a drive train is described in the German Utility Model Application 20 2005 019 438.7, the content of which is to be included herein by reference in its entirety.

The illustrated transmission 80 However, as I said, is a suitable for longitudinal installation gear and includes an input shaft 82 that have a constant wheel set 84 with a countershaft 86 connected is. Furthermore, the gearbox has 80 an output shaft 88 on. A first wheel set 90 with a loose wheel and a fixed wheel and a second set of wheels 94 with a loose wheel and a fixed gear serve to represent respective gear ratios of the transmission 80 , The loose wheel of the wheelset 90 is by means of a first clutch 92 with the output shaft 88 connectable. The loose wheel of the second wheelset 94 is by means of a second clutch 96 with the output shaft 88 connectable.

To operate the clutches 92 . 96 serve a first and a second actuator assembly 98 . 100 ,

The first clutch 92 and the first actuator assembly 98 can through a clutch assembly 10 of the 1 be formed. Accordingly, the second clutch can 96 and the second actuator assembly 100 by a clutch assembly 10 of the 1 be formed.

3 shows the engagement of a gear stage or the closing of a clutch assembly according to the invention. In a similar way shows 4 the disengagement of a gear with a clutch assembly according to the invention 10 , The basic structure and the basic operation of the clutch assembly 10 of the 3 and 4 corresponds to that of 1 , The same elements are therefore provided with the same reference numerals.

Furthermore, in the left illustration of 3 the clutch assembly 10 shown in an open position. It can be seen that between the first ring leg 52 and the polar body 66 a first radial air gap 104 is set up. Further, between the anchor portion 68 and the second ring leg 54 a second radial air gap 106 set up. As it is in the middle representation of the 3 is also shown in the open position between the permanent magnet 58 and the anchor section 68 a third radial air gap 108 set up.

In 3 is shown on the left a rest position, where the coil 48 is not energized. The current I, via the electrical wires 70 . 72 is 0 ampere. The permanent magnet 58 generates a magnetic flux that flows across the axial ring land 50 the second ring leg 54 and the anchor section 68 a magnetic circuit 112 Established hereinafter as the second magnetic circuit 112 referred to as.

The sliding sleeve 22 will about this second magnetic circuit 112 held in the disengaged position. However, the axial forces exerted on the rotating part by the fixed part of the electromagnet arrangement in the illustrated end position are relatively low or even zero. It is therefore preferably provided that the shift sleeve 22 by means of the spring 32 is axially biased in the disengaged position.

To engage the gear stage, the coil 48 now energized, which in 3 is shown in the middle (I> 0).

This is due to the effect of the coil 48 generates a magnetic flux, by means of which a first magnetic circuit 110 is set up, that of the first ring leg 52 over the polar body 66 , the axial air gap 74 , the anchor section 68 and the permanent magnet 58 and the axial ring land 50 is set up.

The circle 110 generates a first magnetic force 114 in the axial direction between the pole body 66 and the anchor section 68 so that the anchor section 68 is thereby displaced axially, against the force of the spring 32 , It is understood that the coupling body 26 axially immovable.

Here then engages the teeth 24 (please refer 1 ) in the toothing 28 of the coupling body 26 and thus provides the positive connection between the idler gear 14 and the wave 12 ago. Finally, the anchor section comes 68 on the pole body 66 to plant, as is in 3 is shown on the right. The end position "gear engaged" is reached.

The current can now be switched off (I = 0). Through the permanent magnet 58 while maintaining a magnetic flux, the first magnetic circuit 110 maintains. The sliding sleeve 22 is therefore held axially in the engaged position (closed position), against the bias of the spring 32 ,

The axial forces between the fixed and the rotating system of the clutch assembly go 10 against zero. The radial forces in between cancel each other out, so that the wear and the bearing load are significantly reduced.

To disengage the gear it is assumed that this condition is in 4 now shown on the left.

To disengage the coil 48 energized again (I> 0 in the middle picture of the 4 ). The current direction is preferably reversed (ie more precisely I <0). This displaces the magnetic field of the coil 48 the field of the permanent magnet 58 in the second magnetic circuit 112 (Shunt circuit), so that the magnetic holding force between polar body 66 and anchor section 68 get lost. Now press the spring 32 the shift sleeve 22 in the direction of open position. About the second magnetic circuit 112 becomes a supporting second magnetic force 116 generated. This is achieved in particular by the fact that in the closed position, a rear portion of the anchor portion 68 from the second ring leg 54 axially spaced. This is via the second magnetic circuit 112 between the second ring leg 54 and the anchor section 68 a force with an axial component in the direction of the second magnetic force 116 generated.

Finally, the shift sleeve comes 22 in the disengaged state in contact with a shoulder of the guide sleeve 20 (see. 1 ). Now the power can be switched off (I = 0, right picture in 4 ). The sliding sleeve 22 is then from the spring 32 kept in the disengaged state. This is done by the second magnetic circuit 112 that of the permanent magnet 58 is maintained. Axial forces between the fixed and the rotating system of the clutch assembly 10 but go to zero. Then, when trying, the shift sleeve 22 move in the closing direction, but again develops an axial force 116 , so the shift sleeve 22 also by means of the second magnetic circuit 112 is held in the disengaged position.

The permanent magnet 58 may be constructed of block magnets attached to the carrier 60 fixed, for example, be glued. The magnetization in the radial direction can take place after the bonding process.

Claims (18)

Clutch assembly ( 10 ) for motor vehicle transmissions ( 80 ), for connecting a shaft ( 12 ) with a rotary body mounted thereon ( 14 ), in particular with a loose wheel ( 14 ), wherein the clutch assembly ( 10 ): - one with the shaft ( 12 ) rotatably connected shift sleeve ( 22 ) on the shaft ( 12 ) is axially displaceably mounted between a closed position and an open position and a first shift toothing ( 24 ) having; - one with the rotary body ( 14 ) rotatably connected coupling body ( 26 ), which has a second gearing ( 28 ), in which the first gearing ( 24 ) in the closing direction ( 30 ) can be inserted axially to the rotary body ( 14 ) in the closed position with the shaft ( 12 ) connect to; and an actuator arrangement ( 40 ) for axial displacement of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ); characterized in that the actuator assembly ( 40 ) an electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ), which is controllable to the shift sleeve ( 22 ) to move axially. Clutch assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ) a permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) and a magnet housing ( 42 ), which are arranged so that they are provided with a magnetizable anchor portion ( 68 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) in the closed and / or in the open position a magnetic circuit ( 110 . 112 ), by means of which the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) is held axially. Clutch assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnet housing ( 42 ) and the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) on a housing ( 44 ) of the motor vehicle transmission ( 80 ). Clutch assembly according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) an annular, radially magnetized permanent magnet ( 58 ) having. Clutch assembly according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the magnet housing ( 42 ) is annular and has two radially inwardly directed ring legs ( 52 . 54 ) between which the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) is arranged. Clutch assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that between a ring leg ( 54 ) and a permanent magnet ( 58 ) of the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) a gap ( 62 ), which is filled with a non-magnetic medium. Clutch assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) a non-magnetic carrier ( 60 ), on which the permanent magnet ( 58 ), the carrier ( 60 ) in the space ( 62 ) is arranged. Clutch assembly according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that a coil arrangement ( 48 ) of the electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ) between the two ring legs ( 52 . 54 ) is arranged. Clutch assembly according to claim 6 and 8, characterized in that the permanent magnet ( 58 ) between the coil assembly ( 48 ) and the gap ( 62 ) is arranged. Clutch coupling arrangement according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that a ring leg ( 52 ) via a first radial air gap ( 104 ) with a polar body ( 66 ) is magnetically coupled to the coupling body ( 26 ). Clutch coupling arrangement according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that a ring leg ( 54 ) via a second radial air gap ( 106 ) with an anchor section ( 68 ) is magnetically coupled to the sliding sleeve ( 22 ). Clutch assembly according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that a permanent magnet ( 58 ) of the permanent magnet arrangement ( 56 ) via a third radial gap ( 108 ) with an anchor section ( 68 ) is magnetically coupled to the sliding sleeve ( 22 ). Clutch assembly according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ) is adapted to a first and a second magnetic circuit ( 110 . 112 ), wherein when the first magnetic circuit ( 110 ) on an anchor section ( 68 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) a first magnetic force ( 114 ) is applied, which the shift sleeve ( 22 ) in the closing direction ( 30 ) shifts. A clutch arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that when the second magnetic circuit is ( 112 ) on an anchor section ( 68 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) a second magnetic force ( 116 ) is applied, which the shift sleeve ( 22 ) against the closing direction ( 30 ) shifts. Method for engaging a gear stage of a transmission ( 80 ), in particular a motor vehicle transmission ( 80 ), by axial displacement of a sliding sleeve ( 22 ) with respect to a coupling body ( 26 ) by means of an electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ), wherein the electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ) a magnet housing ( 42 ), an electrical coil arrangement ( 48 ) and a permanent magnet ( 58 ), with the steps, the coil arrangement ( 48 ), so that a first magnetic circuit ( 110 ) via the magnet housing ( 42 ), the permanent magnet ( 58 ), a magnetizable anchor portion ( 68 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ), a polar body ( 66 ) of the coupling body ( 26 ) and an axial air gap ( 74 ) between the anchor section ( 68 ) and the polar body ( 66 ) and at or after closing the air gap ( 74 ) to reduce the energization, wherein the permanent magnet ( 58 ) has a magnetic holding flux across the first magnetic circuit ( 110 ) maintains the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) axially in the engaged position. Method for disengaging a gear a gearbox ( 80 ), in particular a motor vehicle transmission ( 80 ), by axial displacement of a sliding sleeve ( 22 ) with respect to a coupling body ( 26 ) by means of an electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ), wherein the electromagnet arrangement ( 46 ) a magnet housing ( 42 ), an electrical coil arrangement ( 48 ) and a permanent magnet ( 58 ), and wherein the shift sleeve ( 22 ) by means of one of the permanent magnets ( 58 ) generated holding flux via a first magnetic circuit ( 110 ) is held axially, with the steps, the coil arrangement ( 48 ), so that the of the permanent magnet ( 58 ) generated magnetic flux in a second magnetic circuit ( 112 ) displaced by the magnet housing ( 42 ), the permanent magnet ( 58 ) and a magnetizable anchor portion ( 68 ) of the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) is set up and by means of which the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) can be axially held in the disengaged position. A method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the sliding sleeve ( 22 ) by means of a mechanical energy store ( 32 ) against the Einrückrichtung ( 30 ) is biased. Method according to one of claims 15 to 17, wherein the magnet housing ( 42 ) and the permanent magnet ( 58 ) are arranged fixed to the housing and with the polar body ( 66 ) or the anchor section ( 68 ) via radial air gaps ( 104 . 106 ) are connected.