DE102005043217A1 - storage - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing pairing with a first (1) and a second bearing body (2), the first bearing body (1) as a bearing seat of a crankshaft or as a piston pin to be supported in a small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod and the second bearing body (2) as A connecting rod eye or bearing block of a motor housing is formed which forms a slide bearing with the first bearing body (1), one of the bearing bodies (1, 2) having a surface coating with dry lubrication properties, which has a base layer (20) made of a metal, a metal carbide or a metal alloy and an outer cover layer (30) having dry lubrication properties, and wherein the surface of the other bearing body (2, 1) facing the cover layer (30) has prore-like depressions (5) into which material of the cover layer released by abrasion (30) can be stored.

Description

The The invention relates to a bearing of a connecting rod on a crankshaft in the form of a connecting rod-stroke bearing or a piston pin in a connecting rod eye in the form of a piston bearing receiving the piston pin. Furthermore The invention relates to a bearing of a crankshaft in a Bearing shell of an engine block in the form of a crankshaft main bearing.

For the storage of crankshafts in the crankshaft main bearings and connecting rods on the crankshaft, it is known from the prior art ( DE 197 00 339 C2 ) known to use so-called main or connecting rod bearing elements in the form of bearing shells, which are inserted as separate components between the crankshaft and the main bearing shell or between the crankshaft and the connecting rod eye. It is from the DE 197 00 339 C2 It is known that it is advantageous to arrange so-called lubricating oil pockets distributed in the form of recesses on the actual storage area. These oil pockets are formed as recesses not connected to each other, wherein the recesses may have different shapes.

The doctrine of DE 197 00 339 C2 The aim is to ensure that when lubricating oil pockets are introduced into the bearing surface, a specific dimensioning of the lubricating oil pockets, which is tailored to the operating viscosity of the lubricating oil, must be ensured. Only if adhering to the DE 197 00 339 C2 It is ensured that the lubricating oil pockets are completely filled with lubricant so that, in conjunction with the narrow pocket on all sides except for the sliding surface, a hydrodynamic pressure can build up over the smooth surface compared with the sliding partner Lube bag surprisingly a contribution to the carrying component could be delivered.

According to DE 197 00 339 C2 it is envisaged that the lubricating oil pockets are stamped into the bearing material.

A disadvantage of the from DE 197 00 339 C2 known bearings is that for this storage a separate bearing element in the form of a bearing shell is necessary. Such an additional component brings increased costs and requires the provision of additional space.

From the DE 101 32 632 C1 is a arranged on the small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod connecting rod bearing combination with a multilayer bearing known. In one embodiment of the invention, the bearing has at least one carrier layer and a sliding layer which is formed by a plain bearing coating applied to the carrier layer. In this document, no further details are included to the material forming the sliding bearing coating or to the method by which the sliding bearing coating can be applied to the carrier layer.

Goal of the DE 101 32 632 C1 The underlying invention is to achieve a precise fine tuning of the oscillating masses of the connecting rod-piston system. This is achieved by reworking the connecting rod-bearing combination in the manner in the region of the small connecting-rod eye, that material is removed from a mass that corresponds to the deviation of the oscillating mass of the connecting rod-piston combination from a predetermined oscillating mass. As far as according to the above-mentioned embodiment of the invention for this purpose, the small connecting rod has a multi-layer bearing sliding bearing layer, then this serves in addition to their storage properties to provide the material available, which for a targeted material removal in the region of the small connecting rod for fine-tuning oscillating masses is needed.

Is concrete in the DE 101 32 632 C1 described that the sliding layer forms the inner contour of the bearing and thus the piston pin facing surface of the bearing on which the lubricant film is formed. By removing material from the sliding layer of the bearing for the purpose of fine tuning the oscillating masses, the strength of the bearing, which essentially derives from the carrier layer, is reduced only slightly. From the DE 101 32 632 C1 It is also known that a recess formed by material removal in the sliding layer can be used as a reservoir for the liquid lubricant used.

In the DE 196 12 109 C1 is a usable as a sliding bearing component bearing component described with a tribologically demanding surface. This bearing component consists of a metal-matrix-composite material whose matrix is formed by an aluminum alloy reinforced with SiC particles. The tribologically stressable surface is the surface of an anodization layer. This anodizing layer has depressions and pores that can be filled with liquid or pasty lubricants such as oil or grease or with dry lubricants such as PTFE, graphite, MOS ₂ or similar. This should give the bearing component excellent sliding and emergency running properties. The depressions and pores thus serve as lubricant depots.

From JP 2004 076 756 A Lagerpaa ments between the crank pin of a crankshaft and a bearing shell and between the large connecting rod of a connecting rod and a bearing shell and between the small connecting rod of a connecting rod and a socket for receiving the piston pin known. In these bearing pairings, the bearing shell or the bush can be provided on both its inner and on its Außenflä surface in a described embodiment with a three-layer surface coating, the outer layer of a W-DLC layer, the middle layer of a chromium layer and the inner layer Location is a nickel layer. Such a construction of the sliding bearing pairing is complicated and requires the use of bearing shells and bushes as additional components, which are additionally required in addition to the crankshaft and the connecting rod.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a bearing pairing according to the preamble to propose the patent claim 1, which is simple and at the on an additional Bearing element in the form of a separate bearing shell in the case of the connecting rod stroke bearing or the crankshaft main bearing and in the form of a socket in the case the bearing of the piston pin in the small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod can be waived.

Of the Invention is also the object of a method for introducing of pores / depressions that absorb a dry lubricant serve, in the facing each other, a bearing combination according to the invention forming surfaces specify.

Regarding the bearing pairing, the task is solved by a bearing pairing with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments are in the subclaims specified.

in the Regarding the method is based on the invention Task solved by a method according to claim 14th

Of the Invention is based on the knowledge that it is possible to in the case of the bearing pair "crank pin / large connecting rod eye" or "crankshaft main bearing / bearing block of the motor housing "on a separate To dispense bearing shell when one of the bearing body with a dry lubrication properties owning surface coating is provided, wherein the surface Beschich device a base layer of a metal alloy and an external, dry lubrication properties owning cover layer, and that facing the cover layer surface the other bearing body pore-like Recesses, in the liberated by abrasion material the cover layer is storable.

The Pore-like depressions are directly in the cover layer facing surface of the bearing body brought in. The depressions or pores are used to absorb abrasion-released Dechschichtwerkstoff with dry lubrication properties. An adequate supply of the bearing pair with dry lubricant is thus ensured.

Basically The storage be designed so that it is a dry Plain bearing is where the lubrication exclusively by the dry lubricant takes place. On an additional liquid lubricant such as oil can be omitted can be. However, in addition to the dry lubricant of the top layer also a liquid lubricant be used. Will be an additional liquid Lubricants used to cause the pits / pores that a hydrodynamic pressure between the facing each other surfaces the bearing body forms, provided these surfaces with a sufficient relative speed to each other move. As a result, the lubrication can be further improved. But even if the relative speed of the moving surfaces is not is sufficiently high for the formation of a hydrodynamic pressure, so cause the wells / pores In any case, an improved lubrication and lubricant supply the storage areas.

According to the invention the bearing pairing component surfaces immediately adjacent to each other arranged, i. without a separate bearing shell or bushing between the component surfaces is provided. With the invention can therefore be an additional separate bearing element completely omitted in the form of a bearing shell or bushing which results in cost savings.

In the invention, abrasion of the cover layer material occurs in every case and deposition of this cover layer material released by abrasion in the recesses / pores in the surface of the other bearing body, which faces the cover layer. As a result, even in the case of a dry lubrication without liquid lubricant, an adequate supply of lubricant to the bearing is ensured by the cover layer material acting as a dry lubricant. If, in addition to the thin-film material, a liquid lubricant is used (eg oil), a sufficiently large relative movement between the bearing surfaces results in the formation of a hydrodynamic lubrication between the bearing surfaces arranged immediately adjacent to one another. Is the relative speed speed of the bearing surfaces to each other not sufficiently high to form a hydrodynamic pressure, so in any case a better lubrication of the storage is achieved by the pore cavities.

It can in certain cases prove useful, the pores / wells not only in the Cover layer assigned to provide component surface of the bearing pairing, but also the surface the cover layer itself to be provided with depressions / pores. To this Way, a more even distribution the topcoat material and / or the liquid lubricant over the entire bearing surface be achieved.

According to one preferred embodiment of Invention are the depressions / pores in the surface of the storage area of the second bearing body provided and the surface coating is provided only on the bearing seat of the first bearing body. According to one another embodiment of the Invention are the circumstances exactly reversed. As already stated above, it is in one another embodiment the invention also possible the storage areas both bearing body a bearing pairing with depressions / pores to provide.

According to the invention can the depressions / pores are advantageously introduced by means of a blasting process become. Therefor In particular, a laser beam method or an abrasive is suitable Blasting process, where small solid particles at high speed on the surfaces to be treated Impact, causing plastic deformation and / or abrasive Wear the treated surfaces due to the impact of the solid particles comes. in principle However, other methods for introducing the pores / wells into the surfaces conceivable. By way of example, the following methods should be used here Electro-erosion, chemical etching, expansion tools (i.e. Tools through which by means of expansive force to be treated surface locally pressed and so impressions and depressions / pores are generated).

If the bearing is designed as a connecting rod-stroke bearing, so is the first bearing body designed as a crankpin of the crankshaft, on which the large connecting rod eye the connecting rod is mounted directly. Is the storage according to the invention designed as a piston bearing, i. so as a warehouse for one Piston of an internal combustion engine to a connecting rod, so is the first bearing body designed as a piston pin, which in the small connecting rod eye of Connecting rod directly, i. without interposing a bearing bush, is stored. The piston pin is in this case with the piston connected so that the piston over stored the piston pin in the small connecting rod eye of the connecting rod is.

Around the life of a built-in crankshaft in an engine block to increase, is provided according to the invention, that also in the annular side surfaces of the the connecting rod forming connecting rod sections and / or in the installed state the connecting rod this annular faces facing surface areas the crankshaft with recesses / pores are provided. These serve in this case, for receiving a liquid lubricant, such as e.g. Oil. In the operating condition of the internal combustion engine, the annular side surfaces of the form the connecting rod forming connecting rod portions and facing these annular side surfaces surface areas the crankshaft namely a friction pair, so a low-wear hydrodynamic lubrication or at least an improved lubrication of these facing each other surfaces reduces the wear and thus extended the service life.

Also if not a liquid one Lubricant is used, it may be useful to the annular side surfaces of the the connecting rod forming connecting rod sections and / or in the installed state the connecting rod this annular faces facing surface areas the crankshaft with recesses / pores form. In this case must then be guaranteed be at least that provided with the wells / pores surfaces associated surface areas of the other bearing partner with a surface coating with dry lubrication properties are coated. In this case, the annular side surfaces of the form Connecting rod forming connecting rod portions and the annular side surfaces facing surface areas the crankshaft a dry friction pairing (dry tribological System).

If the bearing combination according to the invention the Main bearing of a crankshaft concerns, in which the journals and the other main bearing sections of the crankshaft in bearing blocks of Engine block are stored, so is the surface coating of the invention preferably on the bearing journal and the main bearing sections of the Crankshaft provided while the recesses / pores for receiving the released by abrasion Deckschichtwerkstoffs in the journals / main bearing sections assigned storage areas the bearing blocks of the motor housing are formed.

It It is understood that a bearing combination according to the invention advantageous in all three places at the same time, both at the main camps as well as at the conrod-hub bearings and the piston bearings provided can be.

The subject of the invention is also a crankshaft with bearing journals and main bearing sections for the crankshaft main bearings and with crank pins for the connecting rod-stroke bearings, wherein at least one journal and / or main bearing portion and / or at least one crankpin has a surface coating with dry lubrication properties, comprising a base layer of a metal alloy and an outer, dry lubricating properties possessing cover layer. A crankshaft prepared in this way is therefore likewise included in the concept of the invention because the crankshaft prepared in this way already has all the features of the coated bearing body which are necessary for forming a bearing pair according to the invention.

Out For the same reason, the invention is also directed to a connecting rod with a great and a small connecting rod eye, wherein the surfaces of the inner walls of the huge and / or small Pleuelauges pore-like depressions for recording abrasion-released facing material having dry lubrication properties from the topcoat of the surface coating have the Hubzapfens or the piston pin other bearing partner. Even a connecting rod prepared in this way already contains the necessary features for the formation of a bearing combination according to the invention between the connecting rod eyes and the other bearing body (crank pin or piston pin) required are.

For applying a surface coating according to the invention can different coating methods are used. Suitable is e.g. the PVD process (Physical Vapor Deposition) or the CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition) process. Also variants of this Methods, e.g. the PACVD procedure (Plasma Assisted CVD) are suitable coating methods for application the surface coating. By the aforementioned coating methods, thin films having a thickness applied to the carrier surfaces in the micrometer range become.

alternative to the aforementioned method, the thin film can also by thermal Spray method, such as the HVOF method (High Velocity Oxigen Fuel) or the APS (Athmospheric Plasma Spray) method. Also with the help of these methods applied thermal spray coatings fulfill the tribological stresses of storage and allow it, on additional To dispense with bearing elements. The by the mentioned thermal Spray applied thin films have a different microstructure than PVD or CVD applied thin films. The by PVD and CVD coating process deposited layers usually have a very dense microstructure and a high hardness.

Already After a short break-in period of storage is in the invention a portion of the top layer material due to friction and abrasion / wear on the transferred to other storage partner. Since the other storage partners pore-like depressions in his surface has, the cover layer material is stored in these pores / wells, so that the pores / wells always a certain amount of dry lubricant for lubrication of storage.

Becomes the surface coating formed by a DLC layer, so finds a transfer of a carbon content the topcoat into the pores / pits of the texture of the other Warehouse partner instead. Remains on the surface-coated bearing body a certain amount of carbon. It comes to the training of such a called "interlayer layer", which in the a tungsten carbide layer (WC layer), chromium nitride layer (CrN layer) or a metal alloy, in particular a chromium-based alloy, existing base layer has embedded carbon. This results a significant reduction of friction and an improved tribological system with excellent sliding properties and low wear.

The base layer may, as mentioned above, be formed as a WC layer, CrN layer or as a metal alloy. The metal alloys used are preferably chromium-based alloys of the type (Cr _x : M _y ) N. For these alloys, the atomic proportion of chromium is more than 50%. As the alloying element, any metal element M may be used, wherein the concentration of the metal element M is made to satisfy the relation y [%] 100% -x [%]. Aluminuim (Al) can be used particularly advantageously as the metal element M. Both in the case of CrN and in the case of a chromium-based alloy of the type (Cr _x : M _y ) N as the base layer, the nitrogen (N) is present as nitrogen dissolved in the metal lattice / embedded nitrogen.

By the transfer of the cover layer material from the cover layer of the surface coating into the pores / depressions in the surface of the storage partner a reduction in friction between the relatively moving bearing surfaces and improved lubrication through the incorporation of dry lubricant elements reached. If the dry lubricating elements are e.g. an alloy may be added the dry lubrication effect of these elements with the invention be used optimally. The lower coefficient of friction between each other moving bearing surfaces leads to less wear of these surfaces.

With regard to the method according to the invention for introducing the pores / depressions, it should be noted that the method according to the invention is very clearly different from that of the prior art ( DE 197 00 339 C2 ) distinguished impressions of lube oil bags. Also, the inventive method completely different from that of the DE 101 32 632 C1 known method for the targeted removal of material of a certain mass from a plain bearing coating for the purpose of fine tuning of the oscillating masses.

According to the invention, by means of a treatment method which is preferably designed as a blasting method and in particular as an abrasive blasting method working with solid particles, firstly peaks and depressions are formed on the treated surface. Subsequently, the treated surface of a material-removing machining is subjected such that the tips are partially removed and the recesses partially retained. In this way, a continuous smooth and supporting surface is formed, which forms the actual storage area. In this smooth and supporting surface, the remaining wells, which are not connected to each other, arranged distributed and form the pore-like depressions for receiving exposed by abrasion cover layer material of the outer layer and possibly additionally used liquid lubricant. The method according to the invention is less complicated and less expensive than the stamping method known from the prior art with respect to the machining outlay and with regard to the tool costs DE 197 00 339 C2 ,

in the The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. in the Show individual

1 a schematic representation of the arrangement of crankshaft, connecting rod and piston of an internal combustion engine in side view,

2 a connecting rod with prepared according to the invention inner walls of the connecting rod in axial half section,

3 a connecting rod with prepared according to the invention annular side surfaces of the connecting rod forming connecting rod sections in side view,

4 a crankshaft with crank pins, bearing journals and main bearing sections prepared according to the invention,

5 an enlarged view of a provided according to the invention with pores / wells bearing body to illustrate the surface details,

6 a prepared for storage according to the invention bearing shell of a crankshaft main bearing in the radial half section.

7 a sectional view of the detail X from 4

In 1 an arrangement of crankshaft K, connecting rod P and piston KO is shown schematically in side view. It can be seen that the connecting rod P is mounted on a crank pin H of the crankshaft K. At the end of the connecting rod P opposite the crank pin H, a piston pin B is mounted in the invisible piston rod eye concealed by the piston KO, which is connected to the piston KO. The invention relates to several bearing pairs of in 1 shown arrangement, namely on the one hand to the storage of the large connecting rod of the connecting rod P on the crank pin H of the crankshaft K, on the other to the bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod eye of the connecting rod P and also in the 1 not shown bearing the journals 8th and the main storage sections HP, 15 the crankshaft K in corresponding bearing blocks, not shown, of the engine block.

In 2 a connecting rod is shown in axial half-section, in which the large connecting rod eye 4a and the small connecting rod eye 4b according to the invention with pore-like depressions 7 are provided.

When installed, the large connecting rod eye 4a of the connecting rod P is mounted on a crankpin H of the crankshaft K, wherein the crankpin H has a surface coating applied by a coating method. By the relative movement of crank pin H and inner wall 5a the large connecting rod eye 4a During operation, the material of the surface layer of this surface coating partially rubs off, so that it is released. The released cover layer material then stores in the cavities of the individual Po ren / wells 7 so that it always maintains a certain amount of cover layer material which has dry lubrication properties. In this way it is ensured that the storage is always supplied with a sufficient amount of dry lubricant.

In addition to the cover layer material acting as a dry lubricant, it is also possible to provide a conventional lubricating oil supply for the bearing. The lubricating oil conventionally transported to the area of storage also becomes from the pores / depressions 7 on the inner wall 5a the large connecting rod eye 4a is are arranged, recorded and stored. In the installed state and during operation of the crankshaft is formed between the crank pin H and the inner wall 5a of the connecting rod eye 4a or between the main bearing sections HP and the associated bearing shells 9 the engine block, a hydrodynamic pressure and / or improved lubrication, the / ensures safe lubrication and low-wear bearing of the connecting rod P on the crank pin H of the crankshaft K. It is understood that a corresponding hydrodynamic pressure only occurs when there is a sufficient relative speed of the mutually moving bearing surfaces.

At the in 2 shown connecting rods P are also in the small connecting rod eye 4b the pores / depressions according to the invention 7 in the surface of the inner wall 5b brought in. In the small connecting rod eye 4b is in the installed state in 2 Not shown piston pin B directly stored. The surface of the piston pin B is provided with the surface coating according to the invention. The deposition of cover layer material of this surface coating in the pores / depressions 7 the inner wall 5b the small connecting eye 4b takes place in the same way as described above. Again, the dry lubricating properties of the coating material are utilized.

The bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod eye 4b can also be lubricated in addition to the surface coating with dry lubrication properties by a liquid lubricant which is supplied in a conventional manner to this bearing. In the operating state forms - if there is a sufficient speed of the relative movement of the mutually moving bearing surfaces - between the inner wall 5b the small connecting eye 4b and the outer surface of the piston pin B also a hydrodynamic pressure, for a safe and low-wear bearing of the piston pin B in the small connecting rod eye 4b provides.

In 3 a prepared for a bearing combination according to the invention connecting rod is shown in side view. It can be seen that on the annular side surfaces 4c . 4e the connecting rod eyes 4a . 4b forming Pleuelabschnitte pore-like depressions 7 are incorporated for receiving exposed by abrasion cover layer material of the surface coating and / or a liquid lubricant. In the same way are the pores / depressions 7 also to the in 3 rear, invisible annular side surfaces 4d and 4f the connecting rod eyes 4a . 4b forming connecting rod sections introduced. In the installed state of the connecting rod are these annular side surfaces 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f assigned to certain surface areas of the crankshaft and form with these a friction pairing. These associated surface regions of the crankshaft are preferably likewise coated with a surface coating according to the invention, so that the cover layer material released by abrasion is present in these pores / depressions 7 can deposit. In this way is also on the annular side surfaces 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f the connecting rod eyes 4a . 4b achieved a dry lubrication through the thin-film material, thus ensuring a safe and low-wear lubrication of this friction pairing.

As already described above to the bearing points already described, can also be here in addition an improvement in lubrication through the use of an additional liquid lubricant, such as. Oil, be achieved.

Also here can be in the presence of a sufficient relative speed the mutually moving storage areas form a hydrodynamic pressure, which is a safe lubrication ensures the friction pairing. The wear can in this area thereby further reduced and the service life can be further increased. In any case, will improves the lubrication of the friction pair, i. so, too, if no hydrodynamic pressure develops.

In 4 a crankshaft is shown in side view. The crankshaft K has journals 8th with a surface 8a on. Furthermore, the crankshaft K main bearing sections 15 on. The journals 8th and the main storage sections 15 the crankshaft K are in the installed state in bearing blocks, not shown 9 ( 6 ) of the engine block and form the main bearings of the crankshaft. In the 4 shown crankshaft K is prepared for storage according to the invention in such a way that the surface 8a the journal 8th as well as the surfaces 15a the main storage sections 15 coated with a surface coating according to the invention. These surface coatings are in 4 indicated schematically by a hatching of the corresponding surface areas.

In the installed state of the crankshaft K are the surfaces 8a the journal 8th and main storage sections 15 the in 4 not shown inner walls 9a of bearing blocks 9 assigned (see 6 ), with these bearing blocks 9 are firmly connected to the engine block and the pores / wells already described above 7 for absorbing abrasion-released cover layer material of the coating.

In 4 are also the bearing body 1 For the large connecting rod eyes of a connecting rod P serving Hubzapfen H shown, wherein the surfaces of the crank pin H are provided with the surface coating according to the invention (hatched area). In 4 are only two crank pins representative of all crank pins of the crankshaft K provided with the reference H and it is the surface coatings only indicated in relation to these crank pins.

According to the invention, the surface areas of the crankshaft K, which in the installed state the annular side surfaces 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f the connecting rod eyes 4a . 4b forming connecting rod sections are assigned, also with the surface coating according to the invention (in 4 not visible because of the side view) to be provided between the annular side surfaces 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f and the associated surface areas of the crankshaft K to ensure improved, safe and low-wear lubrication of this friction pair.

Based on 5 will be explained in more detail how the pores / wells 7 For example, in the inner surface of the large connecting rod of a connecting rod P are introduced according to the invention. For this purpose, the inner surface is processed with a suitable treatment method, such as a blasting method, in particular a working with solid particles abrasive blasting process. In this case, for example, solid particles are irradiated onto the inner surface of the connecting rod with a large impact speed, so that a plastic deformation of the material and / or an abrasive wear to form tips 12 and depressions 13 takes place. This is in the upper illustration of 5 schematically illustrated, wherein the original surface at the time before the beam treatment by the solid horizontal bar and the reference numeral 2 is shown.

Following this the tips 12 and depressions 13 generating surface treatment, the treated surface of a material-removing machining, such as a turning, milling or grinding or a combination of these processing methods subjected. This will be the tips 12 partly worn away and the depressions 13 remain partially preserved, so that a coherent smooth and wing 14 forms (see the lower illustration in 5 ). This smooth and airfoil 14 serves as La gerfläche, which forms a bearing combination according to the invention with the coated surface of the crank pin H of a crankshaft. The after material removal machining in the surface remaining wells 13 form the pores / depressions 7 , which serve to absorb the liberated by abrasion dry lubricant / cover layer material of the surface coating.

6 shows a half-shell-shaped bearing block 9 an engine block, not shown, with an inner wall 9a in radial half section. On the circumferential inner wall 9a are the interconnected pores / depressions 7 arranged distributed. With such a bearing block 9 , which is firmly connected to the engine block of an internal combustion engine and in particular integrally formed therewith, the bearing pin 8th and the other main storage sections 15 stored the crankshaft K, so that bearing combination according to the invention is formed in the form of a crankshaft main bearing. As described above, the journals are 8th and / or the main storage sections 15 the crankshaft K thereby coated with a surface coating according to the invention with dry lubrication properties.

In 7 is a sectional view of the in 4 This figure merely serves to clarify the layer structure of the surface coating according to the invention, which here is designed as a DLC layer (diamond-like carbon layer) Crankshaft, that is from the base layer 20 and the outer cover layer disposed thereon 30 applied existing surface coating. The base layer 20 consists of a metal-based alloy, preferably of a chromium-based alloy. The cover layer 30 contains essentially carbon. The carbon of this topcoat 30 has very good dry lubrication properties. The material of this cover layer 30 is released by abrasion according to the invention and stored in the pores / wells of the bearing surface facing this cover layer.

1

bearing body

2

Bearing body; surface

4

connecting rods; connecting rod

4a

(big) connecting rod eye

4b

(Small) connecting rod

4c

side surface

4d

side surface

4e

side surface

4f

side surface

5a

inner wall

5b

inner wall

7

Pores / pits

8th

pivot

8a

surface

9

bearing block

9a

inner wall

10

crank pins

12

sharpen

13

wells

14

Smooth- and wing

15

Main bearing section

15a

surface

20

base layer

30

topcoat

KO

piston

K

crankshaft

P

pleuel

H

crank pins

B

piston pin

Z

pivot

HP

Main bearing section

Claims (17)

Bearing pairing with a first ( 1 ) and a second bearing body ( 2 ), wherein the first bearing body ( 1 ) as a bearing seat of a crankshaft or as in a small connecting rod eye of a connecting rod to be stored piston pin and the second bearing body ( 2 ) is designed as a connecting rod eye or bearing block of a motor housing, which or with the first bearing body ( 1 ) forms a plain bearing, wherein the one of the bearing body ( 1 . 2 ) has a surface coating with dry lubrication properties comprising a base layer ( 20 ) of a metal, a metal carbide or a metal alloy and an outer, dry lubricating properties possessing cover layer ( 30 ), and wherein the cover layer ( 30 ) facing surface of the other bearing body ( 2 . 1 ) pore-like depressions ( 5 ), in the abrasively released material of the cover layer ( 30 ) is storable. Bearing combination according to claim 1, wherein the surface coating is formed by a DLC layer (diamond-like carbon layer) comprising at least two layers, which comprises a base layer ( 20 ) of a tungsten carbide layer (WC layer) or a chromium nitride layer (CrN layer) or a chromium-based alloy and a cover layer ( 30 ) of carbon. Bearing combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the base layer ( 20 ) a chromium-based alloy of the type (Cr _x : M _y ) N is with a Cr atomic proportion of more than 50%, where M is any metal element whose atomic proportion satisfies the relationship y [%] = 100% -x [%] enough. Bearing combination according to claim 3, wherein the metal element M is aluminum (Al). Bearing combination according to the preceding claims, wherein the surface coating by PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition) method, CVD method (Chemical Vapor deposition) or variants of these methods, e.g. the PACVD procedure (Plasma Assissted CVD) or by thermal spraying such as HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) or APS (Athmospheric plasma spray) is applied. Bearing combination according to the preceding claims, wherein the pore-like depressions ( 5 ) in the bearing surface of the second bearing body ( 2 ) are introduced by blasting using laser radiation or mechanical abrasive blasting. Bearing combination according to claim 6, wherein the pore-like depressions ( 5 ) are introduced by means of an abrasive blasting process using solid particles. Bearing assembly according to the preceding claims, wherein the recesses ( 5 ) in relation to the thickness of the cover layer ( 30 ) are dimensioned so that after the running-in process of the bearing pairing the depressions ( 5 ) are at least partially filled with the cover layer material and at the same time ensure a sufficient dry lubrication amount of cover layer material on the surface of the first bearing body ( 1 ) remains. Bearing combination according to the preceding claims, wherein the first bearing body ( 1 ) by a crankpin ( 10 ) is formed of the crankshaft on which the connecting rod ( 4 ) with her big eye ( 4a ) is stored directly. Bearing combination according to the preceding claims, wherein the first bearing body ( 1 ) by a piston pin ( 11 ) formed in the small connecting rod eye ( 4b ) of the connecting rod ( 4 ) is directly mounted and connected to the piston. Bearing assembly according to the preceding claims, wherein in the annular side surfaces ( 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f ) of the connecting rod eyes ( 4a . 4b ) forming connecting rod sections and / or in the installed state of the connecting rod these annular side surfaces ( 4c . 4d . 4e . 4f ) facing surface areas of the crankshaft also pore-like depressions ( 5 ) are introduced for receiving a liquid lubricant. Crankshaft with bearing pin ( 8th ) and main storage sections ( 15 ) for crankshaft main bearings and with crank pins ( 10 ) for the conrod lifting bearings, wherein at least one bearing journal ( 8th ) and / or main bearing section ( 15 ) and / or at least one crankpin ( 10 ) has a surface coating with dry lubrication properties comprising a base layer ( 20 ) of a metal alloy and an outer, dry lubricating properties possessing cover layer ( 30 ). Connecting rod with a large ( 4a ) and egg a small connecting rod eye ( 4b ), wherein the surfaces of the inner walls ( 5a . 5b ) of the large and / or small connecting rod eye ( 4a . 4b ) pore-like depressions ( 5 ) for the absorption of abrasion-released cover layer material with dry lubrication properties from the cover layer ( 30 ) of the surface coating of the crank pin ( 10 ) or the piston pin (B) have other bearing partner. Method for introducing pore-like depressions ( 5 ) for the absorption of abrasion-released cover layer material with dry lubrication properties of a cover layer ( 30 ) in the bearing pairing according to claims 1 to 10 forming surfaces ( 2 . 5a . 5b . 8a . 8b . 9a . 15a ), in which at least one of the surfaces ( 2 . 5a . 5b . 8a . 8b . 9a . 15a ) is treated by means of a treatment process such that tips (on the treated surface) 12 ) and depressions ( 13 ), wherein the treated surface is then subjected to a material-removing machining such that the tips ( 12 ) are partially removed and the wells ( 13 ), so that a coherent flat and wing surface ( 14 ), which acts as a storage area and the remaining wells ( 13 ) the pore-like depressions ( 5 ) for the absorption of abrasion-released cover layer material of the outer layer ( 30 ) form. The method of claim 14, wherein the treatment method is a blasting process. A method according to claim 13, wherein the blasting process is a solid particle abrasive blasting process in which the surface ( 2 . 5a . 5b . 8a . 8b . 9a . 15a ) is bombarded with solid particles, so that the tips ( 12 ) and depressions ( 13 ) by plastic deformation and / or abrasive wear of the material of the treated component. Method according to one of claims 14 to 16, wherein the material abrading machining a machining process like turning and / or milling and / or loops