DE102005031224A1 - Alternative utilization variant for biogas plants - Google Patents

Abstract

Biogas plants for renewable raw materials and / or similar substrates produce according to the state of the art methane gas for power generation with combined heat and power plants or for direct feed into the gas pipeline network.
This makes the biogas plants dependent on the presence of electricity or gas networks, of the customers for the heat loss amounts of the combined heat and power plant and of the feed conditions specified in the energy supply law.
The alternative use variant according to the invention for biogas plants is intended to compensate for these disadvantages by converting the methane obtained into methanol on the spot and, preferably, coupled to the respective price of gasoline, as a fuel for motor vehicles.
Biogas plants and their operations thus receive a future-proof, subsidy-free and more profitable basis.

Description

The Use of recovered methane gas from biogas plants for renewable raw materials and / or organic waste as well as similar Substrates according to the state of the art in the way that the methane gas either as fuel for combined heat and power plants to produce Electricity and heat used or fed into the natural gas grid for further use.

Both Usage types narrow the flexibility in choosing the cheapest Location of the biogas plant, because this as close as possible to the electricity or Gas pipeline network should be placed, although it because of the delivery costs the substrates would be better, the Plant to build where the plants grow.

Yet the selection of the location becomes more difficult, though still the Near one Customer for the resulting from the power generation by the combined heat and power plant amounts of heat must be sought, which is often a tedious balancing act between entry point and heat consumer leads. The for the Transport of both the generated electrical and the thermal Energy necessary lines are expensive and also lead to noticeable losses.

adversely in the biogas utilization of the prior art is also the fact that the profitability of the biogas plants only by the supporting subsidy guaranteed by the energy feed law, whichever is the political direction of the respective government completely or may be partially eliminated.

It is therefore the aim of the invention, an alternative use variant to create, which is free of the disadvantages described.

This The goal is achieved by using the biogas plant Biogas processed on site to pure methane gas and in a cracking plant is converted to methanol, which turns out to be fuel about for Motor vehicles without further processing simple and profitable sell without subsidies at rising market prices.

• – Kein Blockheizkraftwerk, keine Stromeinspeisung in das Stromnetz
• – Keine Wärmeverluste im BHKW, deshalb kein Fernwärmeverkauf
• – Kein Transformator und keine Stromleitungen ins Netz erforderlich
• – Keine Standortabhängigkeit vom Stromnetz oder Wärmeabnehmer
• – Keine Energieverluste auf dem Leitungsweg bis zur Einspeisestelle
• – Keine weiten Transportwege für die Substrate
• – Keine Abhängigkeit von den nicht sicheren Einspeisevergütungen des EEG
• – Kein Bonusverlust bei kovergärung mit Abfällen, da vom EEG unabhängig
• – Keine Rückbauverpflichtung für Anlagen im Außenbereich nach 20 Jahren

The advantages are apparent:

• - No combined heat and power plant, no electricity fed into the power grid
• - No heat loss in the CHP, therefore no district heating sales
• - No transformer and no power lines required in the grid
• - No location dependency on the electricity grid or heat consumer
• - No energy losses on the line to the feed point
• - No long transport routes for the substrates
• - No dependence on the non-safe feed-in tariffs of the EEG
• - No bonus loss in co-fermentation with waste, as independent from the EEG
• - No decommissioning obligation for outdoor facilities after 20 years

It It is expected that the investment and operating costs of the alternatives of use according to the invention for biogas plants significantly below those of the state of the art and built operated biogas plants will be.

Claims (4)

Alternative utilization variant for biogas plants, characterized in that in a biogas plant ( 1 to 3 ) obtained methane gas (CH ₄ ) preferably in place and from a directly connected to the biogas plant cracking plant ( 5 ) is converted to methanol (CH ₃ OH). Alternative utilization variant for biogas plants according to claim 1, characterized in that in a biogas plant ( 1 to 3 ) obtained gas mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, sulfuric acid, ammonia, water vapor and other constituents in one of the cracking system according to claim 1 ( 5 ) upstream, preferably designed as an activated carbon cleaning plant biogas upgrading plant ( 4 ) is preferably treated using various temperatures and pressures and further purification processes and isolated as practically pure methane gas and the cracking system according to claim 1 ( 5 ) is supplied. Alternative utilization variant for biogas plants according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in the cracking system according to claim 1 ( 5 ) the methane molecules preferably with the addition of water molecules at high temperature and high pressure with the aid of a suitable catalyst to methanol (CH ₃ OH) and pure hydrogen (H ₂ ) to be converted. Alternative utilization variant for biogas plants according to claim 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that in the cracking system according to claim 1 ( 5 ) recovered pure hydrogen not with the recovered, liquid methanol in the methanol storage tank ( 5 ), but back into the Fermenter ( 1 and 2 ), where it serves the anaerobic bacteria as feed for the production of further methane gas.