DE102005030627A1 - Security or value document with a device for contactless communication with an external reading and / or writing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a security document or a valuable document, which is equipped with a device for contactless communication with an external read and/or write device and a bi-stable display field (3) that is integrated into the document. According to the invention, the device for contactless communication and the bi-stable display field (3) are produced by a printing method and the bi-stable display field (3) is designed to hold data relating to a person and/or a product.

Description

The The invention relates to security or value document with a device for contactless communication with an external reading and / or writing device according to the features of claim 1.

Documents with personal and document related data, such as identification cards, passports, identity cards, driver's licenses, credit and debit cards, customer IDs, travel documents and the like, are often provided with integrated circuit components in the form of a contact or contactless chip module. Also known for this purpose is the use of a so-called dual-interface chip, which not only works via contacts, but also has a contactless interface. In verification, identification and authentication processes, these chip modules enable a high increase in efficiency. Speed and time efficiency as well as the safety of the test processes play a decisive role here. The process of checking persons and documents can be carried out, for example, in addition to the visual control, also electronically with direct ohmic contact to the chip module and contactlessly via various wireless communication solutions as well as with a dual-interface solution. In accordance with the state of the art, highly integrated circuits (narrowed integrated circuits, IC) based on silicon with a few mm ² silicon area are used. This solution offers a high degree of functionality in the smallest space. This microscopic fineness must be adapted by various technologies to the relatively coarse communication structures, a contact chip module, dual-interface module or contactless module, the last two with antenna structures. In addition to the classic modules with wire bonding technology, more and more modules are being used by means of flip chip technologies with different contacting processes. The various quality requirements are, for example, recorded in ISO 10373.

From the EP 1 073 993 B1 a paper-made substrate with an integrated circuit for security documents and banknotes is known. This integrated circuit can be read out without contact. It is designed on the basis of a semiconducting organic polymer and part of a diffractive security element in the form of a film (eg holograms, Kinegram, Excelgram etc.), whereby additional security features in the form of special colors / dyes with relevant known luminescent materials can be present. The integrated circuit may store a code containing biometric data, such as fingerprints or the portrait of the document holder.

Of the Invention is based on the object, further improvements for value and security documents provide.

The The object is achieved by a Security or value document with a device for contactless Communication with an external reading and / or writing device and a achieved in the document integrated, bistable display panel, wherein the device for contactless communication and the bistable Display panel are produced by printing, and wherein the bistable Display field for recording personal and / or product-related data is trained.

in this connection are according to the invention by printing producible bistable display elements and the necessary for this Driver logic circuits used. Likewise, the circuit for Use of the RFID field, both in terms of energy supply, as well as what the writing and reading of information in / from the Display field concerns largely realized by printing technology.

Under For example, a bistable element becomes an organic element bistable adjustable functional layer understood, as it in the WO 2004/068534 A2 is described. For the mentioned display fields can also electrophoretic solutions as well as liquid crystals or ferroelectric solutions be used. The electrical display structure can only be used as a major advantage in one plane. It will be there the various pairs of electrodes of the pixels do not overlap but arranged laterally in a plane next to each other.

One Bistable display panel according to the invention may itself as electronic Memory for the printed circuit in the document executed electronic circuit serve.

From Advantage is that the bistable display panel via a bidirectional driver circuit is programmable and readable, with programming in the document formed capacitive coupling fields or via an inductive coil field he follows. In the case of capacitive coupling are flat electrode elements next to each other or on top of each other provided in the document. about corresponding counter electrodes arranged in the reader / writer can not only be an efficient energy supply but with suitable modulation techniques, the writing process for Personalization or to enter product-specific data become.

Preferably, the programming is wrong reversibly. It is carried out according to an embodiment under the action of an elevated temperature, in particular under the action of a temperature above 40 ° C, or under exposure to electromagnetic radiation, in particular in the range of the near infrared (NIR). As a result, the necessary energy for personalization can be reduced, because the radiation-related exposure lowers the barrier for a bistable state change, so that even lower voltage pulses are sufficient for this purpose. In the field of short-wave radiation, it is essentially photoinduced effects that can be used here; in the area of NIR, the effect can advantageously be utilized that such radiation is not absorbed by certain printing inks and NIR-transparent and otherwise opaque plastic films. This allows underlying NIR-absorbing structures to interact with the introduced radiation.

Of The document may continue during or after programming by supplying energy and subsequently from this induced chemical / physical processes unchangeable be made. This fixation can be achieved, for example, by electromagnetic Radiation (X-ray microwave range), by thermal energy (heating, Cooling) by magnetic fields (permanent magnets), by pressure (pressing, Embossing) or induced by a combination of the mentioned forms of energy become. examples for Chemical / physical fixation processes are e.g. the color film development process (Polaroid) or solid state transformations (CD, DVD). In principle, the fixation method according to the invention redox reactions (e.g., as in the dichromate gelatin color film), polymerizations (photopolymers in holography), photoinduced rearrangements (e.g. Bacterioopsin rhodopsin) and other effects included. A reversible fixation is possible, for example. in the form of a photochemical rearrangement.

Of the Programming process can, for example, under appropriate shielding (Faraday cage) take place. This allows a larger RFID Energy available be different from country to country Standards allowed for Set people safe levels.

Next The use of the aforementioned RFID supply and communication methods can each after arranging the display and memory elements distributed on the document very different frequency bands, optionally also in combination. Furthermore, can in the document a hole-like recess, laid around a coil is to be provided. The energy supply and also if necessary the information transfer then takes over an engaging in this recess induction core.

On the document can several display and memory elements are distributed, wherein the memory elements in the simplest case provided with a binary yes / no information are. Likewise, however, it is also possible to use matrix-type memory elements use appropriate serial driver logic.

It is particularly advantageous if the pictorial representation in the display panel 3 steganographically contains hidden information. This will further increase security against abuse and counterfeiting.

The Display field of the security or value document is preferably integrated in the document Shielding in the manner of a Faraday cage against changing Protected interventions.

A advantageous embodiment of the security or value document is that for the display panel not only passive but also actively radiating elements like eg. technically produced OLED systems come into question. Such OLED display panels can monochrome or multicolored be. Preferably, a backup battery is integrated in the document, which is rechargeable. It is especially with a first button connected, with which the display field can be activated. Another Button can be provided to a contactless transmission process trigger. Possibly is to additional Energy supply as an energy buffer to use a solar cell element.

Essential is that security or value document in addition to the circuit contains a display panel and a pertinent known antenna periphery, the according to the invention respectively are produced by printing technology and the document thus RFID-enabled. The so-called polymer electronics used here are based i.a. on the use of intrinsic (semi) conductive polymeric pastes, with which himself printed electronic circuits with passive and active Components, in particular with bipolar diodes and transistors let produce. This can be the use of ICs and thus of expensive monocrystalline semiconductor substrates based on silicon be avoided.

The printing technology production takes place with the usual printing methods. The printing techniques include the state of the art and include the relevant known gravure, portrait, flat and through-printing methods such as intaglio, flexographic, Letterset, offset and screen printing, but also include digital printing methods such as. Ink-jet or transfer-printing processes which replace the complex semiconductor structuring methods in conventional chip-equipped security documents.

In The inkjet printing process and the additive technology have tried proved to be particularly flexible and suitable. For this are one To name a number of factors. Inkjet printers are inexpensive digital controllable printing systems. The procedures are developed so far that by means of self-aligning methods, as e.g. in WO 01/46987 or in US 2004/0175963, structures up to several hundred nm are feasible. Inkjet printing processes offer good edge coverage as well as highest Positioning accuracy and can used on glass substrates, polymer layers and paper substrates become. They are as well for the sequential structure of multilayer circuits suitable and have already in the field of display production and highly integrated Multilayer PCB applications proven. You can also do that with other printing techniques used in security printing combine.

For RFID elements be antennas in coil form, for example. In the 13.56 MHz range, as well Dipole antennas, for example in the UHF range at 860 MHz to 940 MHz or 2.45 GHz microwave range required. Such antennas can be very efficiently produced by conventional printing processes. Dipole antennas also have thinner layers and lower conductor widths used, because here are the requirements to the electrical parameters compared to the quality requirements are significantly lower at an antenna coil. With electric conductive Print pastes are therefore inexpensive to manufacture and contactable antennas.

A play very important role in the edges of the electrically conductive, insulating or semiconducting structures. In particular, problems can be occur when a 5 μm up to 10 μm thick structure edge are crossed with a 0.5 micron to 3 micron thick structure got to. The inkjet printing process has proven to be very flexible in this regard, because it is contactless works and edges are printable without interruptions. Due to the low ink viscosity on the one hand is a high flowability On the other hand, digitally a correspondingly increased order or a multiple job can be programmed. Besides these possibilities still offers a stamping and planarization step following each additive structuring step with an embossing roll or -plated plate is, the flattening process additionally by heat supports can be.

Further Advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following Description of exemplary embodiments.

It demonstrate:

1 A first exemplary embodiment of a RFID-capable document produced by printing technology in the form of an ID card with a coil-shaped antenna;

2 A second exemplary embodiment of a printed-technology RFID document with dipole-type antenna;

3 : An exemplary embodiment of a printed RFID document in the form of a passport with flat electrodes for capacitive coupling;

In 1 is a schematic block diagram of a printing technology produced RFID document 1 with a bistable display element 3 , a bidirectional driver 5 and a corresponding logic 2 shown.

The document does not require a silicon-based IC module. In the example shown, the antenna 4 designed as a circulating on the edge of the ID card coil for the RF range, in particular at 13.56 MHz. The logic 2 the task is to control the power supply as well as the input and output of information. The logic 2 can be synchronous, ie as pure read and write logic for the display field 3 work in the nature of a memory chip card, but it can also be organized asynchronously in the manner of a processor chip card. The logic 2 contains at least the two units modulator / demodulator 11 for modulation or demodulation of RFID information as well as the controller 12 for reading and writing the display field 3 , The latter forms the electrically programmable memory field, the means of bidirectional driver 5 and logic 2 or controller 12 also read out after programming or personalization and thus the display field 3 can be used as an electrically programmable read-only memory (PROM). The memory training of the display field 3 with the bidirectional driver is therefore as EEPROM (Electrical Erasable PROM) or as an EPROM (erasable programmable ROM) can be formed, so can be electrically programmed in both cases and deleted electrically or with UV light. In addition to these two types of reversible design of the display field further deletion variants are possible, in particular by increasing the temperature or the pressure. In special cases, however, it will be useful to have an irrever sible electrical writing process. In all variants of the production of an irreversible display panel, however, care must be taken to ensure that the electrical read-out process, ie the ROM function of the display panel, is fully retained.

The content of the display field, for example a face image 10 , is therefore readable in authentication and verification processes, in which the authenticity of the document or the correspondence of the personal data with the person presenting the document is checked. For this reason, the driver circuit 5 bi-directional and designed for a serial flow of information.

The display field 3 is with a shield 6 provided that the display panel 3 surrounds. In the example shown, in the direction of the upper and lower sides of the document in this a thin, substantially transparent and electrically conductive layer (eg of ITO = indium tin oxides) is formed, which covers the display on both sides. In this way, a kind of Faraday cage is formed which prevents selective field imprinting and changing the content of the advertisement.

The 2 shows a further embodiment of the invention in the form of an RFID-capable document 1 , The block diagram shown schematically shows a printed bistable display panel 3 with a bidirectional driver 5 , a corresponding logic 2 and a dipole-type antenna 4 , which is operated in the UHF frequency range at about 860 MHz to 940 MHz. Other frequencies, for example. In the microwave range at eg 2.45 GHz are possible. The properties of the polymer electronics, in particular the mobility of the charge carriers and the required switching speeds require field effect transistors and bipolar diodes, in particular for the rectification of the RFID signals.

In the example shown the 2 in turn becomes the display field 3 initialized and programmed with the information. In authentication and verification processes, the stored information is readable, which is why the driver circuit 5 is again designed bidirectionally for serial information flow. Modulator / demodulator 11 and controllers 12 are like in the example of 1 designed. With 6 In turn, a shield is designated, which on both sides of the surfaces of the value document towards the memory element 3 covered.

The 3 shows in analogy to 1 a schematic block diagram of a printing technology produced RFID document 1 in the form of a passport with a bistable display element 3 , a bidirectional driver 5 and corresponding logic 2 , On the display 3 that through the shield 6 is secured, are biometric data, for example, the facial image 10 represented. The antenna 4 is formed in a coil shape in the edge region of the document and surrounds display element 3 , Drivers 5 , Controller 12 , Modulator / demodulator 11 , ICAO line 7 and two flat electrodes 8th . 9 , which serve as capacitive coupling fields. The additional coupling elements 8th . 9 primarily serve the energy supply. The programming of the display field can also be used during the personalization process 3 respectively.

Instead of capacitive energy coupling can also be done inductively. When forming area capacitive coupling fields, as in 3 shown in a read / write device, relatively high energy in the circuit elements 2 . 11 . 12 be introduced, what the programming of the display panel 3 much easier.

Claims (20)

A security or value document comprising a device for contactless communication with an external reading and / or writing device and a bistable display integrated in the document 3 equipped with the device for contactless communication and the bistable display panel 3 are produced by printing technology, and wherein the bistable display panel 3 is designed for receiving personal and / or product-related data. The security or value document of claim 1, wherein the bistable display panel 3 via a bidirectional driver circuit 5 is programmable and readable. Security or value document according to claim 1 or 2, wherein circuit parts and / or the display panel in the inkjet printing process are made. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bistable display panel 3 over in the document 1 trained capacitive coupling fields 8th . 9 programmable and / or can be supplied with energy. Security or value document according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bistable display panel via an inductive coil field 4 Programmable programmable and / or can be supplied with energy. Security or value document according to one of claims 2 to 5, where the programming is irreversible. Security or value document according to one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the programming is the action of an elevated temperature, especially larger than 40 ° C required. Security or value document according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the programming is the application of electromagnetic Radiation, especially in the MIR range requires. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pictorial representation 10 in the display field 3 steganographically contains hidden information. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the display field 3 by one in the document 1 integrated shielding 6 protected in the manner of a Faraday cage against altering interventions. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the display panel 3 is designed as an active lighting system. Security or value document according to claim 11, where the display field is designed as an OLED display field. Security or value document according to claim 11 or 12, wherein a backup battery is integrated in the document. Security or value document according to claim 12 or 13, where the OLED panel is monochrome. Security or value document according to claim 12 or 13, where the OLED panel is multicolored. Security or value document according to one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the backup battery is designed to be rechargeable. Security or value document according to one of claims 13 to 16, wherein the backup battery is connected to a first button, which activates the display field. Security or value document according to one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the backup battery is connected to a button, with a contactless transmission process can be triggered. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein the document 1 contains a printed circuit produced by bipolar diodes and transistors. A security or value document according to any one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the document 1 comprises a plurality of display and / or memory elements.