DE102005019578A1 - Device for heating by fluid circulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The Device comprises at least one element connected to a hot fluid circuit connectable is in its turn by the warm fluid flows through in operation. This element (2) consists of an extruded aluminum profile or aluminum alloy with inner longitudinal channels (5, 6) through which the warm fluid flows. The profile element (2) is between end pieces and spacers for the connection this element to the warm fluid circuit or for connection such profile elements mounted together. The device is used to heat the passenger compartment of vehicles for the common Passenger transport used.

Description

The The present invention relates to devices for heating, which are composed of elements connected to a warm fluid circuit can be connected these elements are then in turn passed through by the warm fluid in operation, and thus in the volume in which they are installed, an increase in the Allow ambient temperature. Such devices are used for heating by circulation of a warm fluid one in particular for the heating of the passenger compartment of vehicles for common passenger transport, such as. Buses or coaches, these vehicles with a Boilers are equipped, which generates the necessary warm fluid.

devices for heating by circulation of a warm fluid will indeed mainly in community transport vehicles, as coaches built in, as their linear design allows she in one piece at a complete Wall of a vehicle of this type to install. Especially For example, these heating devices are "skirting boards" close to the floor on a vertical wall attached to the vehicle. These heaters are over pipes or hoses supplied with warm fluid that is on the floor or the vertical wall emerge from the vehicle, these pipes or hoses in turn via elastic pipes or hoses, which are clamped with the help of rings, to the boiler connected, which provides the warm fluid.

The Heaters of this type that are currently being used on the basis of wing pipes or finned tubes produced. These are generally around copper pipes, on which by crimping aluminum fins attached are, the whole is protected by a sheet metal housing. The elements of the sheet metal housing are cut out so that they pass air from the bottom up to let. The air heats up by conduction when they Heating device from bottom to top, and they spread in the ambient air due to heat convection. Here is the Air heats near the heater, and as they are lighter than the ambient air becomes, it rises upwards and becomes by colder air replaced, which in turn is heated by the heater and also rises. Thus, a convection loop forms, which is also called a "convection cell".

Even though the known heating devices described here as relatively effective can be considered Nevertheless, they should be considered with regard to their production and use Disadvantages.

Especially assembly of pipes and fins is still a difficult process, at the elaborate Machines are needed and the execution the protective housing made of sheet metal makes the production more complicated and more expensive. Each element of the heater must be independent of the heating fluid circuit be connected, and the connections must be through plumbing elements to be provided.

Of the Invention is based on the object to eliminate all these disadvantages, by providing a device for heating by circulating a warm fluid the as described here, their manufacture and installation being greatly simplified and made more economical, as well the operating conditions are improved.

For this purpose the invention a device for heating by circulation of a Warmfluids ready, which has at least one element to a Hot fluid circuit is connectable, this element in the operating state in turn is flowed through by the hot fluid, wherein the heating device essentially characterized in that the or each The aforesaid element of extruded aluminum profile or aluminum alloy is formed and has inner longitudinal channels, to the flow are provided by the warm fluid, wherein the or each profile element for the connection this element on the hot fluid circuit or for the connection such profile elements mounted together between end pieces or spacers is.

Thus, in the heating device according to the invention, a simple extruded aluminum or aluminum alloy profile replaces a conventional tube and the ribs usually crimped on this tube, the extruded profile in turn forming a complete heating element. The length of the profile determines the length of the heating device, which device may consist of two or more profiles, which are arranged in the extension together to form a device of relatively large length. The end pieces, which are assembled at the ends of the profile elements, ensure their supply of hot fluid by the fluid is distributed in the different inner channels of the profile elements. The intermediate pieces are provided for the connection of two profile elements, which are arranged in the extension of each other, and they ensure the continuity of the passage of the hot fluid between the inner channels of a profile element and the inner channels of the following professional lelements. These end pieces and spacers are made of injection-molded plastic.

you receives thus a device for heating by circulation of a warm fluid, which has a modular character, and in which the radiator immediately can be obtained by cutting the profile elements to the desired length, and in which the connection of the profile elements to the fluid circuit and if necessary the connection with each other due to the special designed tails and spacers carry out leaves.

The Tails and / or the spacers may be beyond Have components for controlling or regulating the heating device, such as. Solenoid valves, manual valves, thermostats, temperature probes or other sensors.

The Tails with connection function on the hot fluid circuit have at least one fluid inlet and / or at least one fluid outlet at the lower part, at the rear part or on the side of the tail can be arranged.

According to one first execution are one or more profile elements a first end piece with a Fluid inlet and one opposite or opposite of the first end piece arranged second end piece with a Flui daustritt assigned. All inner channels the profile element or the profile elements are thus in and flows through the same direction of the hot fluid. In a second embodiment are one or more profile elements, a first end piece with a Fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and an opposite from the first tail arranged second tail associated with that over certain inner channels of the profile or introduced Fluid receives and with the fluid inlet of the first end in connection is, and which this fluid in the other inner channels of or Profile forwards and in communication with the fluid outlet of the first end piece stands. In this case, some of the inner channels of the or the profiled elements are flowed through by the warm fluid in the "advancing direction", while the other inner channels of the same Flowing through the fluid in the "return direction", where all Connection connections (for the entry and exit of the fluid) at the same end of the Heating device are provided.

at the intermediate pieces it can be intermediate housing act that allow the assembly of the two profile elements, one of which is in extension the other is arranged, their respective respective ones inner channels be associated with each other. The spacers can also designed as an angle housing be, whereby the assembly of two profile elements under education an angle such as are arranged at right angles to each other, allows, to "follow" different vehicle configurations, e.g. the end of the passenger compartment of the vehicle for can "follow" the common passenger transport (special example: rear Platform of such a vehicle).

The Profile elements made of extruded aluminum or aluminum alloy have in a preferred embodiment, a plurality of parallel inner Channels, which are arranged substantially in one and the same vertical plane are, the walls are of the channels through material bridges immediately joined together or are connected.

The Walls of the inner channels preferably have struts or ribs in the longitudinal direction, the immediate be formed by extrusion, whereby the surface for heat exchange is increased with the air without complication.

The or each profile element forms a rigid radiator, the easy on a supporting wall can be fixed with the help of brackets, which are at the base or can be hung at the apex of the profile element, the in a substantially horizontal direction in a vertical Level is arranged.

Preferably a hood is arranged in front of the profile element, said hood at its lower part and / or at its upper part by the same Consoles as the profile element can be kept.

If while the operation of the inner channels of the profile element are flowed through by the warm fluid, the device operates according to the principle of air convection. In addition, part of the from the radiator emitted heat from caught the hood, which in turn distributes this heat by radiation. The hood is positioned so that it from the radiator one sufficient amount of heat to achieve effective radiation while preventing that this hood in case of touch the user of the vehicle Causes burns. Another part of the heat emitted by the radiator becomes heat transmitted to the wall by radiation, where the heater is attached, this wall then acts as a radiator.

In particular, the heating device according to the invention can also use only "natural" convection in convection. However, in another embodiment, this heater uses "forced convection" with at least one Ge is mounted under the profile element or at the lower part of this profile element in order to increase the air flow rate in contact with the radiator. The addition of fans is advantageous in uses of the heater in locations where "natural" convection would not be sufficient, such as near doors of a common-car vehicle or near windows for other types of applications.

One better understanding The invention will become apparent with the aid of the description below Reference is made to the accompanying schematic drawing, which Examples of some embodiments this device for heating by circulation of a warm fluid represents.

1 is a perspective exploded view of a heating device according to the invention;

2 is another perspective view of this heater in the assembled state;

3 is a vertical sectional view of the heater of 1 and 2 ;

4 is a front view of an intermediate piece for such a heater;

5 is a front view of an end piece for such a heater;

6 Fig. 10 is a front view of a part forming an angle housing for such a heater;

7 is a plan view of the angle housing of 6 ;

8th is a very schematic view of a heating device according to the invention, which has only a single profile element;

9 is a very schematic plan view of another heating device according to the invention, which has a plurality of heating elements and an angle housing;

10 is one of the 3 similar vertical sectional view of a heater with fan according to the invention;

11 Fig. 13 is a sectional view similar to the foregoing, showing a modification of the fan heater;

12 to 15 are vertical sectional views illustrating other embodiments of the inventive heater.

How to get in 1 to 3 and 8th sees, a simple heating device according to the invention is arranged in a substantially horizontal direction and consists of a profile element 2 , a first tail 3 attached to one end of the profile element 2 connected, and a second tail 4 attached to the other end of the profile element 2 connected.

The profile element 2 Aluminum or aluminum alloy formed by extrusion extends substantially in a vertical plane between the two end pieces 3 and 4 , This profile element 2 In the illustrated example, it comprises three upper inner channels 3 and three lower inner channels 6 , the walls 7 the three upper channels 5 are directly connected. The same goes for the walls 8th the three lower channels 6 , the group of upper channels 5 is with the group of lower channels 6 via a double intermediate material bridge 9 connected. The respective walls 7 and 8th the upper channels 5 and the lower channels 6 are outside with longitudinal ribs 10 provided, which are formed directly by extrusion.

The profile element 2 still has a double longitudinal rib or a double longitudinal wing 11 at its upper edge and another double longitudinal rib or a double longitudinal wing 12 at its bottom. mounting brackets 13 , of which only one is shown, grab each pliers through an upper part 14 in the form of a hook, the upper double longitudinal rib 11 of the profile element 2 and by a likewise hook-shaped lower part 15 the lower double longitudinal rib 12 of the profile element 2 , Every console 13 is provided for attachment to a vertical support wall, not shown, which belongs, for example, a vehicle for common passenger transport.

The first tail 3 (see in particular 1 ) has at its lower part a fluid inlet 16 in conjunction with three upper lateral connections 17 , This first tail 3 also has a fluid outlet at its lower part 18 in conjunction with three lower side connections 19 , The first tail 3 is at one end of the profile element 2 fixed in such a way that its three upper connections 16 each in the mouths or openings of the three upper channels 5 of the profile element 2 lead and that the three lower connections 19 each in the mouths or openings of the three lower channels 6 of the profile element 2 intervention.

This in 5 good visible second tail 4 has three upper side connections 20 , by an inner channel 21 of this tail 4 with three lower side connections 22 keep in touch. The second tail 4 is at the end of the profile element 2 opposite to that which the first tail 3 receives, so fastened, that its three upper connections 20 each into the mouths of the three upper channels 5 of the profile element 2 intervene and that the three lower connections 22 each into the mouths of the three lower channels 6 of the profile element 2 intervention.

The two tails 3 and 4 consist of injection-molded plastic. The respective connections 17 . 19 and 20 . 22 do not take up here in detail shown seals.

In the illustrated example, the first end piece has 3 an integrated box 23 in which components can be included for control and regulation, such as solenoid valves, manual valves, thermostats, temperature probes and other types of sensors.

The heater also has before the profile element 2 that means on the mounting brackets 13 turned away side, a hood 24 with rounded profile extending at a certain distance from the profile element 2 extends. The upper longitudinal edge 25 the hood 24 is through the upper part 14 the mounting brackets 13 held, and the lower longitudinal edge 26 the hood is held by a flange, which by means of a screw 28 at the base of the mounting brackets 13 is attached.

Thus, a heating device is formed whose length through that of the profile element 2 is determined. As this heater with the help of consoles 13 attached to a support wall is the fluid inlet 16 of the first tail 3 connected to a coming from the boiler hot fluid supply line, while the fluid outlet 18 of the first tail 3 is connected to a leading to the boiler fluid return line.

Thus, in operation, the warm fluid entering the inlet 18 of the first tail 3 arrives in the three upper channels 5 of the profile element 2 distributed through it in a given direction (arrow F1). If it is at the opposite end of the profile element 2 arrived, the fluid through the second end 4 in the three lower channels 6 of the profile element 2 deflected, which it flows through in the opposite direction (arrow F2). If it is the first tail 3 returned, the fluid passes through the outlet 16 from him. If it's that way in the channels 5 and 6 of the profile element 2 flows, the fluid gives its heat to the walls 7 and 8th from these channels, and the walls in turn give off their heat to the ambient air, this heat transfer through the ribs 10 is favored. It is thus carried out by heat conduction and convection heating of the air and its ascending circulation between the profile element 2 and the hood 24 wherein the air enters at the base of the heater and exits at the top where it disperses in the ambient air. In addition, the through the profile element 2 emitted heat by radiation on the one hand to the rear wall on which it is fixed, the wall acts as a radiator, said heat on the other hand through the hood 24 is captured, which in turn distributes them, whereby the efficiency of the heater is further increased.

How to get in 4 . 6 . 7 and 9 Supplementals allow the formation of heaters consisting of several profile elements 2 are composed and that may form an angle. In particular shows 4 an intermediate piece 29 , which is for connecting two profile elements 2 is designed (analogous to that described above), one of which is arranged in the extension of the other such that they form a heater of greater length. The intermediate piece 29 is in the form of a housing, which with respective connections 30 and 31 is equipped on two opposite side surfaces, with the corresponding connections through inner channels 32 be associated. Thus, the intermediate piece 29 between two profile elements 2 be inserted, with its connections 30 in the mouths or openings of the channels 5 and 6 a first profile element 2 intervene and its other connections 31 into the connections or mouths of the channels 5 and 6 a second profile element 2 intervene, which is in the extension of the first.

6 and 7 show an angular housing 33 , which is a particular right-angle change in direction of the successive profile elements 2 allows a heater. The angle housing 33 is with connections 34 respectively. 35 provided on two adjacent side surfaces, whereby the corresponding connections through inner channels 36 be associated with each other, which form a horizontal elbow. The connections 34 are in the mouths or openings of the channels 5 and 6 a first profile element 2 inserted. The other connections 35 are in the mouths of the channels 5 and 6 a second profile element 2 inserted, which is arranged at right angles with respect to the first.

9 shows by way of example a combination of the above-described different possibilities that make it possible to form a heating device consisting of three profile elements 2 that passes through an intermediate piece 29 and an elbow 33 are connected so that they (in plan view from above) an "L" -shaped angular arrangement with two end pieces 3 and 4 form.

In a non-illustrated, but readily conceivable arrangement has a heating device, the one or more profile elements 2 as described above, inner channels, all of which are traversed in the same direction by the warm fluid. In this case, the radiator formed by one or more profile elements has at one end a first end piece which is provided only with a fluid inlet and at its opposite end an analog second end piece which is provided with only one fluid outlet opening.

10 , in which the components and parts that are similar to those described above bear the same reference numerals, shows a heater, which with a fan group 37 equipped under the hot fluid flowed through the profile element 2 is mounted. The fan group 37 includes a motor / blower group 38 in a housing 39 is housed, without the profile element 2 and the hood 24 is attached. The engine / blower group 38 , which has a tangential fan here, gives an ascending air flow, which between the profile element 2 and the hood 24 flows, replacing "natural" convection with forced convection.

11 shows a modification of the heater of 10 who are also at their base with a blower group 37 Is provided. The latter includes one in a below the profile element 2 attached housing 39 housed engine / blower group 38 , which is provided here with an axial fan, which generates a "forced convection" as before.

The The following figures show still further embodiments of the inventive heater with or without fan.

The heater of 12 has a profile element 2 whose inner channels 5 walls 7 own, all of which are directly connected. The hood 24 is extended down here and thus covers the motor / fan group 38 from, which eliminates any auxiliary housing.

The heater of 13 includes a profile element 2 whose inner channels 5 relatively thick walls 7 own on the two faces of the element 2 longitudinal ribs 40 form, which is essentially at each channel 5 are located. The hood 24 has an opening at its base 41 for the air inlet and at its apex another opening 42 for the escape of the air caused by heating when touching the ribs 40 rises.

The heater of 14 also has a profile element 2 with relatively thick walls, with ribs on both surfaces 40 are formed. The hood 24 is here with the profile element 2 integrally formed, this hood 24 inner wings 43 and inner ribs 44 has. Suitable openings at the base and at the apex of the element 2 allow the ascending circulation of the air.

Finally, the heater of 15 also with a hood 24 provided with the profile element 2 is integrally formed. This has walls 7 relatively small thickness, due to wings 40 only extended to the front. This second figure also shows how the motor / blower group 38 immediately by the element 2 and the hood 24 formed piece can be attached.

• – wenn man die Einzelformen der Profilelemente sowie die Endstücke und Zwischenstücke abändert, indem man z.B. diese Elemente und weitere Stücke mit einer grösseren oder kleineren Zahl innerer Kanäle herstellt;
• – wenn man diese Profilelemente und andere Stücke in beliebigen Anordnungen je nach dem zu beheizenden Volumen anordnet;
• – indem man insbesondere in den Endstücken und/oder den Zwischenstücken oder aber in einem gesonderten Kasten sämtliche Vorrichtungen zum Steuern oder Regeln der Heizvorrichtung, das heisst Magnetventile, manuelle Ventile, Thermostate, Temperatursonden, Gebläsesteuerungen, etc. vorsieht;
• – wenn man für den Fall, bei dem ein Gebläse vorgesehen ist, dafür sorgt, dass das Gebläse ein Axial- oder Tangential-Gebläse ist, das automatisch oder manuell angetrieben wird;
• – wenn man die Heizvorrichtung durch ein geeignetes Wärmeträgerfluid wie Wasser, Öl, etc. speist;
• – wenn man diese Heizvorrichtung für sämtliche Verwendungsarten einsetzt, wie Strassenfahrzeuge für den gemeinsamen Personentransport, wie z.B. Autobusse und Reisebusse, Schienenfahrzeuge, wie Eisenbahn- oder Strassenbahnwägen, Campingwägen, Boote, oder gar Anwendungen bei feststehenden Aufbauten, insbesondere in Form einer heizenden Sockelleiste bzw. Sockel-Heizleiste.

Of course, the invention is not limited only to the embodiments of this device for heating by circulation of hot fluid, as described above by way of example, but rather includes all modified embodiments and applications that follow the same principle. In particular, one would not depart from the scope of the invention:

• - If you change the individual shapes of the profile elements and the end pieces and spacers, for example, by making these elements and other pieces with a greater or lesser number of inner channels;
• - When arranging these profile elements and other pieces in any arrangement depending on the volume to be heated;
• - by providing in particular in the end pieces and / or the spacers or in a separate box, all devices for controlling or regulating the heater, that is, solenoid valves, manual valves, thermostats, temperature probes, fan controls, etc ..;
• If, in the case where a blower is provided, the blower is an axial or tangential blower which is driven automatically or manually;
• - When fed by a suitable heat transfer fluid such as water, oil, etc., the heater;
• - When using this heater for all types of use, such as road vehicles for common passenger transport, such as buses and coaches, rail vehicles, such as railway or tram cars, camping carts, boats, or even applications in fixed structures, especially in the form of a heating skirting or So ckel-Baseboard.

Claims (13)

Device for heating by circulation of a warm fluid, in particular for heating the passenger compartment of vehicles for common passenger transport, comprising at least one element which can be connected to a hot fluid circuit, wherein this element in turn is flowed through by the hot fluid, characterized in that the or each element mentioned above ( 2 ) consists of an extruded profile of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, inner longitudinal channels ( 5 . 6 ) are provided to be flowed through by the warm fluid, wherein the or each profile element ( 2 ) between end pieces ( 3 . 4 ) or spacers ( 29 . 33 ) for the connection of this element to the hot fluid circuit or for the connection of such profile elements ( 2 ) is mounted with each other. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end pieces ( 3 . 4 ) and the intermediate pieces ( 29 . 33 ) are made of injection-molded plastic. Heating device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the end pieces ( 3 . 4 ) and / or the intermediate pieces ( 29 ) Components ( 23 ) for controlling the heater, such as solenoid valves, manual valves, thermostats, temperature probes, and other sensors. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the end pieces ( 3 . 4 ) with connection function to the hot fluid circuit at least one fluid inlet ( 16 ) and / or at least one fluid outlet ( 18 ) located on the lower part, on the rear part or on the side of the tail ( 3 . 4 ) are located. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one or more profile elements ( 2 ) a first end piece ( 3 ) with a fluid inlet and a second end piece ( 4 ) are associated with a fluid outlet, wherein all the inner channels ( 5 . 6 ) of the profile element or elements ( 2 ) are also flowed through in one and the same direction of the hot fluid. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one or more profile elements ( 2 ) a first end piece ( 3 ) with a fluid inlet ( 16 ) and a fluid outlet ( 18 ) and a second end piece ( 4 ) associated with this via certain inner channels ( 5 ) of the profile (s) ( 2 ) receives fluid and with the fluid inlet ( 16 ) of the first end piece ( 3 ) and which connects this fluid to the other inner channels ( 6 ) of the profile element or elements ( 2 ) and with the fluid outlet ( 18 ) of the first end piece ( 3 ), with certain internal channels ( 5 ) of the profile element or elements ( 2 ) are thus flowed through in the "flow direction" (F1) of the hot fluid, while the other inner channels ( 6 ) are traversed by the same fluid in the "return direction" (F2). Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate pieces in the form of intermediate housings ( 29 ), whereby the connection of two profile elements ( 2 one of which is disposed in the extension of the other, and a connection of their respective corresponding inner channels (FIG. 5 . 6 ) will be produced. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the intermediate pieces as angular housing ( 33 ), whereby the connection of two profile elements ( 2 ), which are arranged to form an angle, such as a right angle to each other. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the extruded profile elements ( 2 ) of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, a plurality of parallel inner channels ( 5 . 6 ), which are arranged substantially in one and the same vertical plane, wherein the walls ( 7 . 8th ) of the channels via material bridges ( 9 ) are directly joined together and connected. Heating device according to claim 9, characterized in that the walls ( 7 . 8th ) of the inner channels ( 5 . 6 ) Ribs ( 10 ) or wings ( 40 ) in the longitudinal direction, which are formed directly by extrusion. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the or each profile element ( 2 ) on a supporting wall with the aid of consoles ( 13 ) attached to the base ( 12 ) and at the vertex ( 11 ) of the profile element arranged in a substantially horizontal direction and in a vertical plane ( 2 ) are mounted. Heating device according to claim 11, characterized in that a hood ( 24 ) in front of the profile element ( 2 ), this hood ( 24 ) at its lower part and at its upper part by the same consoles ( 13 ) like the profile element ( 2 ) can be held. Heating device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that at least one blower ( 37 . 38 . 39 ) under the profile element ( 2 ) at the lower part of this profile element ( 2 ) is mounted to increase the air flow circulating in contact with the radiator.