DE102005009996A1 - Emergency lock for a fireproof door comprises a locking bar and a temperature-active device for actuating the locking bar - Google Patents

Abstract

Emergency lock (10) comprises a locking bar (14) and a temperature-active device for actuating the locking bar. Preferred Features: A bolt is formed with a main locking bar and a bar extension which can longitudinally slide on the free end of the main locking bar. The temperature-active device is arranged between the main locking bar and a bar extension. The temperature-active device expands in the presence of heat so that the locking bar moves into a recess.

Description

The The invention relates to an emergency lock for a fire door and a Smoke valve unlocking according to the preambles the independent one Claims.

It is an emergency lock for a fire door known. conventional Fire doors included a frame and at least one door, which hinges on the frame is pivotally mounted. The at least one door can over it a lockable one-point lock with the frame closed and be locked. traditionally, is an emergency lock for a fire door designed so that when detecting a fire, for example by means of a smoke detector, the one-point lock is locked. Often becomes thereby the one-point lock over an electric actuator locked. Thus can be ensured be that the fire door during a Fire remains closed, so the fire does not continue can spread. It also ensures that the fire is not "fed" by further oxygenation.

Fire doors should in case of fire at least over a predetermined period of time prevent the spread of the fire. To check their protection regulations become fire doors in terms of their fire retardant function or, in general, their fire protection function subjected to a fire test. This test shows up again and again the effects of flame exposure on the fire door when only the one-point lock is installed. The free door corners and the door leaf bend due to the high temperature difference between burnout and inside towards the outside by. This will beat the flames through the door and it there is a risk that a door lock the big opening force not withstands more.

Consist the door leaves off Steel, so can the required conditions with regard to the permissible thermal expansion values in the past known doors Fulfills because of the thermal expansion coefficient of steel is low. The thermal expansion coefficient of light metal, such as aluminum hollow profile doors, is However, as you know, much larger, so that the protection regulations can not be reliably fulfilled in all cases. It is that It has been found that the door leaves, especially when they are Made of aluminum, very strong deform, due to the high thermal expansion coefficient. By such usually strong arc-like deformations of the door consists the danger of the door being prematurely and jump up unintentionally. Thus, especially in fire doors made of light metal but also the danger of the steel flaming through the door, and that the fire protection effect is then lifted.

It The object of the invention is to show a way how inexpensive, on simple way and by low design effort an emergency lock can be trained which the fire door effectively locked in fire, so that the fire door a high Fire resistance having. The invention also has the task of a Rauchklappenentriegelung indicate that reliable and easy to open to allow the smoke damper in case of fire.

The solution This object is apparent from the features of the independent claims Advantageous Embodiments and developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

According to the invention this Task solved by that the emergency lock for a fire door or the smoke flap a bar and a temperature-active agent to the bolt operation contains.

Thereby becomes the fire door locked with the frame and / or the bottom portion, wherein the bolt but only in case of fire, and then automatically, by the temperature-active Center is extended.

In addition to usual Fire doors the invention is also very suitable for use in revolving doors, and sliding doors for the Fire protection.

A alternative use of the temperature-active agent according to the invention consists in that the locking of smoke dampers by means of a temperature-active Materials are unlocked. Then the smoke flaps, for example be brought by spring load in the open position.

Preferably, several emergency locks are arranged along the fire door. For this purpose, several emergency interlocks, especially in the area of the corners of the fire door, attached, since there are the most likely to adjust the bending in case of fire. In contrast to the prior art thus the fire door is locked at several points, especially at their weak points. This makes it possible that even lighter fire doors, such as aluminum, have a fire protection class with higher creep safety. The emergency lock he Furthermore, it has the advantage that it manages with only a few elements and is thus inexpensive. Nevertheless, the emergency lock works very reliable, as it works purely mechanically when exposed to heat, so in case of fire. The emergency interlock can namely work independently of fire detectors whose function can be unreliable in the event of fire. For example, in a conventional emergency interlock, where the emergency interlock operates in response to fire detectors, malfunctions may occur because signal lines between the emergency interlock and the fire detectors may be damaged (eg, by fire).

In an advantageous embodiment the temperature-active agent expands when exposed to heat of preferably 100 ° C up to 250 ° C. Consequently can be guaranteed be that fire door really only in case of fire effectively and reliably locked becomes. Malfunctions associated with additionally provided Fire detectors can occur are thus bypassed. In particular, it also proves to be advantageous that an unnecessary Locking the fire door due to a false alarm can be excluded. Give many times Smoke detectors fire alarm even though there is no fire. The Cause for it is in many cases founded in that the smoke detectors detect smoke and / or vapor, which, however, without fire or by a controlled (small) Fire has arisen. In many facilities, especially at Commercial kitchens, kicks however, often a smoke or vapor development occurs without one Fire is present. With a false alarm then become more conventional Way fire doors unnecessary closed and locked and partially only after elapse unlocked again over a long period of time. Such an unnecessary lock is annoying, time-consuming and thus in particular in the work environment also expensive.

Preferably the temperature-active agent is an intumescent material. One Intumescent material is known in the art. Blow in case of fire Intumescent materials to about 5 to 10 times the original Volume on and form a stable and hard on its surface Crust out. They are in the form of bars, strips, pasty gunpowder, Paints, adhesives, etc. commercially available. The previous use Intumescent materials essentially comprises their use as cold or hot gas seals, i.e. in case of fire, the spread of hot flue gases in the thus sealed components, such as plastic pipes, cable and Ventilation shafts, prevented become.

In a further embodiment the temperature-active agent is a bimetallic spring. Such Spring consists of two firmly interconnected parts of metals or metal alloys with different coefficients of expansion. With temperature changes change the two parts vary in extent. Through this Difference creates a change in shape and / or length.

Prefers the temperature-active agent is a shape memory spring. Such Spring is mechanically deformed during heat treatment and returns Normal temperature to its original Shape back. It has a shape-memory effect, i. that the original one Form is restored at normal temperature.

The Execution, in which the temperature-active material when cooled in the original state back has, for example, the advantage that the door in question after cooling with fire water opened again can be, and rescue and extinguishing access receive.

In a further embodiment the temperature-active agent provides a pyrotechnic effect.

In a further embodiment contains that temperature-active agent a rheological fluid. Rheological fluids are characterized by the fact that their viscosity due to external electric fields in the Range of several orders of magnitude can be specifically influenced. This behavior is based on the structural changes within the fluid caused by the field. For sufficient size field strengths from usually increased to a few kV / mm the viscosity the rheological fluid within a few milliseconds, to the extent that the liquid to an elastic body solidified and above a certain mechanical load limit, the so-called yield point, to flow again starts.

In a further embodiment contains that temperature-active agent is a plastic material. This material should be a big one Displacement or volume change when exposed to heat contain.

In a further embodiment the temperature-active agent is an electrochemical actuator, which by a triggering device is controllable. In this embodiment, the electrochemical Actuator for example about Signal lines with the tripping device connected. In response to a signal from the trip device expands the electrochemical actuator, causing the latch extends and the fire door locked.

Preferably, the triggering device is a detector device and / or a switch. at The detector device can be, for example, a smoke detector which automatically outputs a corresponding signal to the electrochemical actuator when a fire is detected. This then actuates the bolt. The switch may be, for example, an emergency switch, which is provided in the immediate vicinity of the fire door. Once a fire is detected, the emergency switch can be operated by one person. Furthermore, the fire door can be locked even in the presence of other sources of danger, such as water ingress, toxic gases, etc. Also, a lock may take place in the event of a break-in, wherein the detector device is then designed as a burglary detector, for example IR light barrier, general person detector, glass breakage detector, etc.

Preferably contains the emergency interlock further comprises a biasing means, which with the bolt is in operative connection, wherein the biasing agent by the temperature-active Unlockable means. Thus, in particular, a rapid and particularly reliable Ensures locking because the latch is faster and with a higher force in the receptacle is inserted.

Preferably contains the biasing means is a preloaded spring. In an alternative embodiment contains the biasing means is a compressed fluid.

Preferably contains the emergency interlock further a heating element, which in response to a signal from at least one triggering device a heating energy releases, with the temperature-active agent in response to this Heating energy expands. Thus, the temperature-active agent can be remotely controlled be heated when an alarm of a fire alarm or a »NOT ZU »bei Danger exists.

Preferably contains the emergency lock also has a snap closure, which the Latch and a trained to receive the bolt snap-in contains wherein the snap closure is formed such that the bolt snaps into the snap-in receptacle in the normal state, and the bar when exposed to heat by the temperature-active means is actuated such that the bolt is locked with the snap-lock.

Consequently can, in addition to the additional attached bars, which are mounted in almost any number on the door can be also the automatic Locking the lock bolt by means of a telescopically mounted bolt be designed in conjunction with intumescent material, creating a Temperature-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. An advantage here is that when verrie-owned door a temperature-controlled latch extension is achieved, wherein the main bolt absorbs the bias and thus the extension bar can extend without bias.

The Invention leaves itself with reference to an embodiment further explain. For this purpose, the description is accompanied by a drawing. In this shows:

1a an emergency lock normally in a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional representation in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the emergency lock contains a temperature-active agent, which is an intumescent material,

1b the emergency lock of 1a when exposed to heat,

2a an emergency lock normally in a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional representation in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the emergency lock contains a temperature-active agent, which is a bimetallic spring,

2 B the emergency lock of 2a when exposed to heat,

3a an emergency lock in the normal case in a longitudinal and cross-sectional view in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the emergency lock contains a temperature-active agent, which is a shape-memory spring,

3b the emergency lock of 3a when exposed to heat,

4a an emergency lock in the normal case in a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional representation in an embodiment of the invention,

4b the emergency lock of 4a when exposed to heat.

5a an emergency lock normally in a cross-sectional view in the longitudinal direction and in a three-dimensional representation in an embodiment of the invention, wherein the emergency lock further includes a snap closure, and

5b the emergency lock of 5a when exposed to heat.

1a and 1b each show an emergency lock 10 a fire door (not shown) in the normal case and when exposed to heat. The emergency lock 10 has a catch 14 on, which is stored in a blind hole in the fire door. The blind hole is here by a hollow cylindrical sleeve body 12 with closed ground 13 formed on, in which the latch formed as a round bolt 14 is mounted longitudinally displaceable, wherein the bolt 14 the open cross-section of the sleeve body 12 takes and the sleeve body 12 serves as a bolt guide. In one embodiment, not shown, the bolt may also be designed as a pivot bolt.

Between the one end of the bolt 14 and the floor 13 of the sleeve body 12 is a temperature-active agent 16 brought in. In normal condition (see 1a ) is the temperature-active agent 16 in the compressed state. The term "normal state" here means a state within a normal temperature range, in which state the front end of the bolt closes 14 flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12 from.

The emergency lock 10 Can be installed in the rebate of a door leaf, in a frame or in the floor area of the fire door. For mounting only the attachment of a blind hole in the door or in the frame is required. To attach, the sleeve body has a flange at its open end 11 with screw holes 15 on. In normal condition, the emergency lock 10 no locking function ready. The emergency lock 10 is mounted in such a way that it normally closes flush with the mounting surface.

1b shows the emergency lock 10 when exposed to heat. In this case, the term "heat exposure" means the presence of a fire in the immediate vicinity of the fire door, in which case temperatures are above 100 ° C. In this heat, the temperature-active agent expands 16 inside the sleeve body 12 , causing the bolt 14 a little way out of the sleeve body 12 is pushed out. The front end of the bolt moves 14 in a bolt receptacle, not shown, and thus locks the fire door.

In case of emergency lock 10 attached to the fold of the door leaf, the front end of the bolt 14 move into a mounted on the frame or on the bottom of the fire door recording. In case of emergency lock 10 attached to the frame or at the bottom of the fire door, the front end of the bolt 14 retract into a receptacle attached to the fold of the door leaf. In all cases, a secure and reliable locking of the door leaf is provided. Preferably, several emergency interlocks are attached at the same time and in places of the door leaf, where the door can deflect by fire.

The temperature-active agent in this embodiment is an intumescent material 16 used, which expands when exposed to heat. Preferably, an intumescent material should be used which expands at a temperature greater than 100 ° C.

2a and 2 B show an emergency lock 10 in the normal case and when exposed to heat. This emergency lock 10 again has bars 14 a sleeve body 12 on. The same parts are as in the emergency lock described above 10 provided with the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the emergency lock contains 10 a temperature-active means, which is a spiral bimetallic spring 18 is that between the ground 13 of the sleeve body 12 and the bolt 14 is inserted.

Normally (see 2a ) is the bimetallic spring 18 compressed and the front end of the bolt 14 closes flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12 from.

When exposed to heat (see 2 B ) is the bimetallic spring 18 in the expanded state, causing the latch 14 a little way out of the sleeve body 12 pushes.

3a and 3b show an emergency lock 10 in the normal case and when exposed to heat. This emergency lock 10 again has a bar 14 and a sleeve body 12 on. The same parts are as in the emergency lock described above 10 provided with the same reference numerals. In this embodiment, the emergency lock contains 10 as a temperature-active agent a shape memory spring 20 , which is designed here as a three-legged leaf spring. The leaf spring has two outer legs 19 and an inner leg between them 21 on, which are connected at their feet. Normally, the outer thighs are 19 and the inner thigh 21 in a plane. When exposed to temperature, the outer legs spread apart 19 and the inner thigh 21 V-shaped up. If a two-way shape memory spring is used, they will return to their original shape when cooled.

The free ends of the shape memory spring 20 are over an opening 23 in the cylinder shell of the sleeve body 20 between the ground 13 of the sleeve body 12 and the bolt 14 inserted.

Normally (see 3a ) is the shape memory spring 20 compressed and the front End of the bolt 14 closes flush with the front end of the sleeve body 12 from.

When exposed to heat (see 3b ) is the shape memory spring 20 in the expanded state, causing the latch 14 a little way out of the sleeve body 12 pushes.

4a and 4b each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 for a lock normally ( 4a ) and when exposed to heat ( 4b ). In this embodiment, a lock bolt 14 designed as a two-piece, rectangular flat bolt. It includes a bolt stock 6 that has a toothing 7 with a lock mechanism (not shown) for locking operation cooperates. In extension of the bolt shaft 6 is a main tie 8th formed on which telescopically a bolt extension 9 is slidably mounted along the bolt path. The bolt extension 9 is in the style of a cap on the tapered free end 5 of the main seal 8th guided. The bolt extension 9 in other words forms a sleeve body 12 ' around the rejuvenated end 5 of the main seal 8th , Between the ground 13 the bolt extension 9 and the end face of the tapered end 5 is a temperature-active means arranged.

As a temperature-active agent is also an intumescent material in this embodiment 16 used, which expands when exposed to heat. Preferably, an intumescent material should be used which expands at a temperature greater than 100 ° C.

Thus, the automatic locking of the lock bolt can be designed in conjunction with intumescent material, whereby a temperature-controlled self-locking lock is constructed. The advantage here is that when locked fire door, ie when the main bolt extended 8th , the bolt extension 9 is actuated, with the main bar 8th absorbs the bias and thus the bolt extension 9 can extend without bias.

5a and 5b each show a further embodiment of an emergency lock 10 normally ( 5a ) and when exposed to heat ( 5b ).

In this embodiment, the emergency lock 10 also a snap closure 22 on which the bolt 14 and one for receiving the latch 14 trained snap-shot 24 includes. The snap shot 24 is spring-mounted, in such a way that they are in the 5a can cover the maximum distance between A and B shown. The bolt 14 has at its end two slip slopes 25 on that with the snap shot 26 interact.

In this embodiment, the latch snaps 14 in the normal state lock-free in the snap-in receptacle 24 one ( 5a ). The term lock-free here means that the door is kept closed, but can be opened by applying light force to overcome the spring force, depending on the direction of movement of the bevels 25 in the manner of a wedge at the snap-shot 24 slides while taking the snap shot 24 is pushed back.

When the door is open, the springs shown schematically in the figure 26 in the relaxed state, and the snap-shot 24 is located at position A. When the door is closed, the bar, which tapers towards the outside, bumps 14 on the outer edge of the snap-in holder 24 at. In a further closing of the door then the spring-loaded snap-in 24 Pushed so far outward until the top of the bolt 14 on the outer surface of the snap-in holder 24 running along (position B). The diagrammatically illustrated springs are maximally compressed at this position.

Continuing then attacks the bolt 14 in the opening of the snap holder 24 one. In this condition, the springs are the snap-in 24 relaxed again (position A), and the door is kept locked. However, the door is unlocked in this state and can be opened again at any time.

When exposed to heat expands in the sleeve body 12 inserted intumescent material 16 so that the latch 14 a little way out of the sleeve body 12 is pushed out (see 5b ). The bolt compresses 14 the springs of the snapshot 24 (Position B). Arrived at this position, the springs can not be further compressed, so that the door can not be opened by a simple force.

Consequently Both the function of a snap lock a door and achieved a temperature-controlled locking in case of fire.

Claims (19)

Emergency lock ( 10 ) for a fire door with a latch ( 14 ) and a temperature-active agent ( 16 . 18 . 20 ) for latch operation. Emergency locking according to claim 1, characterized in that a lock bolt in two parts with a main bolt ( 8th ) and a bolt extension ( 9 ) is formed, that the bolt extension ( 9 ) longitudinally displaceable on the free end of the main bolt ( 8th ) and that between the main bar ( 8th ) and the bolt extension ( 9 ) the temperature-active agent ( 16 . 28 . 20 ) is arranged. Unlocking for a smoke flap releasably held in a "closed" position with a latch, characterized that it has a temperature-active material, with which the bolt can be brought into his "open" position. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that several emergency interlocks ( 10 ) are arranged along the fire door. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active agent ( 16 . 18 . 20 ) expands when exposed to heat while the bolt ( 14 ) is moved to a correspondingly provided receptacle for locking. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active agent ( 16 . 18 . 20 ) is expanded at a heat of preferably 100 ° C to 250 ° C. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature-active agent is an intumescent material ( 16 ). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the temperature-active means a bimetallic spring ( 18 ). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the temperature-active means a shape memory spring ( 20 ). Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that the temperature-active agent provides a pyrotechnic effect. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized that the temperature-active agent is a rheological fluid contains. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the temperature-active agent is a plastic material contains. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the temperature-active agent is an electrochemical Actuator is which can be controlled by a triggering device. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that that the triggering device a detector device and / or a switch. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a biasing means, which with the bolt ( 14 ) is in operative connection, wherein the biasing means is unlocked by the temperature-active agent. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that that the biasing means includes a preloaded spring. Apparatus according to claim 15 or 16, characterized that the biasing means contains a compressed fluid. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a heating element which emits a heating energy in response to a signal from at least one triggering device, wherein the temperature-active means ( 16 . 18 . 20 ) expands in response to this heating energy. Device according to one of claims 1, 2 and 4 to 18, characterized in that it further comprises a snap closure ( 22 ) containing the bar ( 14 ) and one for receiving the bolt ( 14 ) trained snapshot ( 24 ), wherein the snap closure ( 22 ) is designed such that the bolt ( 14 ) in the normal state lock-free in the snap-in receptacle ( 24 ) and the bolt ( 14 ) when exposed to heat by the temperature-active agent ( 16 . 18 . 20 ) is operable such that the bolt ( 14 ) with the snap ( 24 ) is locked.