DE102005004665A1 - Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures - Google Patents
Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures Download PDFInfo
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- DE102005004665A1 DE102005004665A1 DE102005004665A DE102005004665A DE102005004665A1 DE 102005004665 A1 DE102005004665 A1 DE 102005004665A1 DE 102005004665 A DE102005004665 A DE 102005004665A DE 102005004665 A DE102005004665 A DE 102005004665A DE 102005004665 A1 DE102005004665 A1 DE 102005004665A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/026—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the temperature as the parameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
- F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
- F17C2221/017—Helium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
- F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
- F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2225/036—Very high pressure, i.e. above 80 bars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0157—Compressors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0306—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using the same fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
- F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0341—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using another fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/03—Control means
- F17C2250/032—Control means using computers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/043—Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0439—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
- F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
- F17C2250/0443—Flow or movement of content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
- F17C2265/025—Mixing fluids different fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0181—Airbags
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Vorrichtung zum Befüllen von Druckbehältern mit kaltem Gas oder Gasgemisch, bei dem ein Füllgas oder eine Komponente eines Füllgasgemisches in einem Vorratsbehälter bei tiefen Temperaturen im verflüssigten Zustand gelagert und einem Druckbehälter zur Befüllung zugeführt wird.The The invention relates to a method and a device for filling Pressure vessels with cold gas or gas mixture in which a filling gas or a component a filling gas mixture in a storage container at low temperatures in the liquefied Stored and fed to a pressure vessel for filling.
Um Gase mit einer hohen Speicherdichte lagern zu können, erfolgt die Speicherung entweder in flüssigem Zustand oder gasförmig unter hohen Drücken. Die Lagerung im flüssigen Zustand ermöglicht zwar eine sehr hohe Speicherdichte, sie ist jedoch nur unter Inkaufnahme mehr oder minder großer Abdampfverluste möglich, die auch bei gut wärmeisolierten Behältern unvermeidlich sind.Around Storage of gases with a high storage density is possible either in liquid Condition or gaseous under high pressure. Storage in liquid Condition allows though a very high storage density, but it is only accepted more or less big Evaporation losses possible, even when well insulated containers are inevitable.
Zur Druckspeicherung von Gasen wurden bislang überwiegend Kompressoren eingesetzt, die einen Betriebsdruck im Druckbehälter von etwa 200 bar erlauben. Die Kompressoren sind jedoch in Bau und Betrieb sehr aufwendig, zudem führen neuere Anwendungen, beispielsweise Anwendungen in der Brennstoffzellentechnik oder Gasgeneratoren für Airbags, zum Bedürfnis nach weitaus höheren Drücken von 700 bar oder mehr. Derartige Drücke sind mit konventioneller Kompressionstechnik nicht oder nur mit unvertretbar hohem Aufwand zu realisieren.to Pressure storage of gases has hitherto mainly been used for compressors. which allow an operating pressure in the pressure vessel of about 200 bar. However, the compressors are very complex in construction and operation, also lead newer applications, for example applications in fuel cell technology or gas generators for Airbags, to the need after much higher Press from 700 bar or more. Such pressures are not or only with conventional compression technology unacceptably high effort to realize.
Aus
der
Die bekannten Verfahren haben den Nachteil, dass es beim Befüllvorgang zum Kondensieren oder Ausfrieren des Füllgases bzw. einer Füllgaskomponente kommen kann. Während die Kondensation im Innern des zu befüllenden Druckbehälters in der Regel unproblematisch oder sogar gewollt ist, kann ein Ausfrieren des Gases in den Zuleitungen zum Druckbehälter zum Verschluss der Zuleitung führen.The known methods have the disadvantage that it is during the filling process for condensing or freezing the filling gas or a filling gas component can come. While the condensation in the interior of the pressure vessel to be filled in the Usually unproblematic or even wanted, can freeze lead the gas in the supply lines to the pressure vessel to close the supply line.
Um ein Ausfrieren des Füllgases zu vermeiden, kann das im flüssigen Zustand gespeicherte Füllgas vor seiner Zuführung an den Druckbehälter mittels eines Wärmetauschers verdampft und aufgeheizt werden. Der Nachteil hiervon ist, dass die Temperatur des verdampften Füllgases nur schwer zu kontrollieren ist, wodurch es zu einer Beeinträchtigung des Füllergebnisses kommt.Around a freezing of the filling gas This can be avoided in the liquid State stored filling gas before his delivery to the pressure vessel by means of a heat exchanger be evaporated and heated. The disadvantage of this is that the temperature of the vaporized filler gas It is difficult to control, which leads to impairment the filling result comes.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es demnach, eine Möglichkeit zur Befüllung von Druckbehältern mit kaltem, nicht verflüssigtem Gas anzugeben, bei dem eine Kondensation oder ein Ausfrieren des Füllgases oder einer Füllgaskomponente zuverlässig vermieden wird.task Accordingly, it is a possibility of the present invention for filling of pressure vessels with cold, not liquefied Specify gas, which is a condensation or freezing of the filling gas or a filling gas component reliable is avoided.
Gelöst ist diese Aufgabe bei einem Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art dadurch, dass das Füllgas oder die Füllgaskomponente aus dem Vorratsbehälter vor seiner Zuführung an den Druckbehälter im verflüssigten Zustand einem Wärmetauscher zugeführt, verdampft und das verdampfte Füllgas bzw. die verdampfte Füllgaskomponente an Wärmetauscherflächen des Wärmetauschers in thermischen Kontakt mit dem verflüssigten Füllgas bzw. der verflüssigten Füllgaskomponente aus dem Vorratsbehälter gebracht wird.This is solved Task in a method of the type mentioned by, that the filling gas or the filling gas component from the reservoir before his delivery to the pressure vessel in the liquefied Condition a heat exchanger supplied evaporates and the vaporized filler gas or the vaporized filling gas component on heat exchanger surfaces of heat exchanger in thermal contact with the liquefied filling gas or the liquefied filling gas component from the reservoir is brought.
Das verdampfte Füllgas wird also durch den Wärmetausch mit dem noch flüssigen Füllgas abgekühlt und anschließend dem zu befüllenden Druckbehälter zugeleitet. Bei der Verdampfung wird dem Füllgas mindestens so viel Energie zugeführt, wie es seiner Verdampfungsenthalpie entspricht. Bei der Abkühlung durch den Wärmekontakt mit dem noch flüssigen Füllgas kann ihm diese Verdampfungsenthalpie jedoch nicht mehr entzogen werden. Die Temperatur des verdampften Füllgases nähert sich der Temperatur des noch flüssigen Füllgases an, ohne dass das verdampfte Füllgas dabei wieder kondensiert. Der Grad der Annäherung der Temperaturen des verdampften Füllgases an das noch flüssige Füllgas hängt dabei unter anderem vom Aufbau des Wärmetauschers, von der zur Erwärmung des Gases eingesetzten Heizleistung und der Durchflussmenge ab. Im – unter realistischen Bedingungen freilich nicht völlig erreichbaren – Idealfall sind die Temperaturen gleich und die Energieinhalte des verdampften bzw. noch flüssigen Füllgases unterscheiden sich nur um die Verdampfungsenthalpie. Es spielt dabei keine Rolle, auf welche Weise die der Verdampfungsenthalpie entsprechende Energiemenge dem Füllgas zugeführt wird. Ein Wärmekontakt mit einem weiteren Medium, entweder strömungstechnisch getrennt an Wärmetauscherflächen oder ohne stoffliche Trennung, etwa durch Mischung, kommt dafür ebenso in Betracht wie eine aktive Beheizung, beispielsweise durch eine elektrische oder sonstige Heizeinrichtung, oder eine Kombination verschiedener Heizeinrichtungen.The vaporized filling gas is thus cooled by the heat exchange with the still liquid filling gas and then fed to the pressure vessel to be filled. During the evaporation, at least as much energy is supplied to the filling gas as corresponds to its enthalpy of evaporation. During cooling by the thermal contact with the still liquid filling gas, however, this evaporation enthalpy can no longer be removed from it. The temperature of the vaporized filling gas approaches the temperature of the still liquid filling gas, without the vaporized filling gas condenses again. The degree of convergence of the temperatures of the vaporized filling gas to the still liquid filling gas depends inter alia on the structure of the heat exchanger, the heating power used for heating the gas and the flow rate. In ideal conditions, which are of course not fully achievable under realistic conditions, the temperatures are the same and the energy contents of the vaporized or still liquid filling gas differ only by the evaporation enthalpy. It does not matter how the amount of energy corresponding to the evaporation enthalpy is supplied to the filling gas. A thermal contact with another medium, either fluidly separated on heat exchanger surfaces or without material separation, such as by mixing, is considered as well as an active heating, for example by an electric or other heating device, or a combination of different heaters.
Um die Temperatur des verdampften Gases so gering wie möglich zu halten, ist es zweckmäßig, die Heizleistung und/oder die Durchflussmenge des Füllgases durch den Wärmetauscher zur Erwärmung des Füllgases in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur des Füllgases zu regeln. Dadurch werden die Heizkosten so gering wie möglich gehalten. Die als Regelgröße eingesetzte Temperatur kann dabei im Wärmetauscher, in einer Verbindungsleitung zwischen den thermisch miteinander verbundenen Abschnitten des Wärmetauschers oder in einer Füllleitung, stromab vom Wärmetauscher, erfasst werden. Alternativ kann auch der Anteil noch flüssigen Gases am Füllgas gemessen und als Ausgangsgröße zur Einstellung der Heizleistung genommen werden. Die Messung des Flüssiganteils erfolgt dabei bevorzugt im Bereich des Ausgangs des ersten Abschnitts des Wärmetauschers.Around the temperature of the vaporized gas as low as possible hold, it is appropriate, the Heating power and / or the flow rate of the filling gas through the heat exchanger to warm up the filling gas dependent on from the temperature of the filling gas to regulate. This keeps the heating costs as low as possible. The used as a controlled variable Temperature can be in the heat exchanger, in a connecting line between the thermally interconnected Sections of the heat exchanger or in a filling line, downstream from the heat exchanger, be recorded. Alternatively, the proportion of still liquid gas on the filling gas measured and as the starting point for adjustment the heating power are taken. The measurement of the liquid content takes place preferably in the region of the exit of the first section of the heat exchanger.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sieht vor, dass das Füllgas vor seiner Zuführung an den Druckbehälter entspannt wird. Aufgrund der bei der Entspannung eintretenden Siedepunktserniedrigung wird so vermieden, dass aufgrund einer plötzlichen Druckschwankung in den Leitungen eine Kondensation des Füllgases auftritt.A further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the filling gas before his delivery relaxed at the pressure vessel becomes. Due to the decrease in boiling point occurring during the relaxation is thus avoided due to a sudden pressure fluctuation in the lines condensation of the filling gas occurs.
Eine besonders vorteilhafte Variante zur Verdampfung des Füllgases besteht darin, das aus dem Wärmetauscher austretende, zu verdampfende Füllgas durch Beimischen eines wärmeren Zusatzgases der gleichen oder einer anderen Zusammensetzung aufzuheizen. Die zur Verdampfung erforderliche Energie erhält das Füllgas vom beigemischten Zusatzgas.A particularly advantageous variant for the evaporation of the filling gas This is the heat exchanger exiting, to be evaporated filling gas by adding a warmer To heat additional gases of the same or a different composition. The energy required for evaporation receives the filling gas from the admixed additional gas.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird auch bei einer Vorrichtung zum Befüllen von Druckbehältern mit kaltem Gas oder Gasgemisch, bei dem ein Füllgas oder eine Komponente eines Füllgasgemisches in einem Vorratsbehälter im verflüssigten Zustand gelagert und zur Befüllung einem Druckbehälter zugeführt wird, dadurch gelöst, dass zwischen Vorratsbehälter und Druckbehälter ein Wärmetauscher mit thermisch miteinander verbundenen Abschnitten vorgesehen ist, wobei ein erster Abschnitt des Wärmetauschers über eine Füllgaszuleitung mit dem Vorratsbehälter und ein zweiter Abschnitt über eine Füllgasableitung mit der Befülleinrichtung strömungsverbunden ist und zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten Abschnitt eine Verbindungsleitung besteht, und eine Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Füllgases vorgesehen ist.The The object of the invention is also in a device for filling of pressure vessels with cold gas or gas mixture in which a filling gas or a component a filling gas mixture in a storage container in the liquefied Condition stored and for filling a pressure vessel supplied is solved by that between reservoir and pressure vessels a heat exchanger is provided with thermally interconnected sections, wherein a first portion of the heat exchanger via a Füllgaszuleitung with the reservoir and a second section about a filling gas discharge with the filling device flow-connected is and between the first and the second section a connecting line consists, and means for heating the filling gas is provided.
Das Füllgas bzw. die Füllgaskomponente durchläuft also zunächst den ersten Abschnitt eines Wärmetauschers und wird durch den thermischen Kontakt mit dem verdampften Füllgas aus dem zweiten Abschnitt des Wärmetauschers zumindest teilweise verdampft. Die Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Füllgases, die innerhalb des ersten Abschnitts des Wärmetauschers oder in der Verbindungsleitung zwischen den beiden Abschnitten des Wärmetauschers angeordnet sein kann, bewirkt die Zuführung einer Energie an das Füllgas, die zumindest der Verdampfungsenthalpie entspricht. Im zweiten Abschnitt des Wärmetauschers, der mit dem ersten Abschnitt thermisch verbunden ist, wird die Temperatur des verdampften Füllgases an die Temperatur des noch flüssigen Füllgases angenähert.The filling gas or the filling gas component goes through so first the first section of a heat exchanger and is characterized by the thermal contact with the vaporized filler gas the second section of the heat exchanger at least partially evaporated. The device for heating the filling gas, within the first section of the heat exchanger or in the connecting line be arranged between the two sections of the heat exchanger can, causes the feeder an energy to the filling gas, which corresponds at least to the enthalpy of evaporation. In the second section the heat exchanger, which is thermally connected to the first section, the temperature of the vaporized filler gas to the temperature of the still liquid filling gas approximated.
Vorteilhafterweise ist als Einrichtung zum Erwärmen des Füllgases eine regelbare Heizeinrichtung vorgesehen, die mit Sensoren zum Erfassen physikalischer Parameter des Füllgases, wie Temperatur oder Druck, datenverbunden ist.advantageously, is as a device for heating of the filling gas a controllable heating device provided with sensors for Detecting physical parameters of the filling gas, such as temperature or Pressure, data is connected.
Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung sieht vor, dass in der Verbindungsleitung und/oder in der Füllgasableitung eine Druckstufe angeordnet ist. Die Druckstufe, bei der es sich beispielsweise um einen Druckminderer oder ein regelbares Drosselventil handelt, sichert aufgrund des infolge der Entspannung erniedrigten Siedepunkts die Aufrechterhaltung des gasförmigen Aggregatszustandes des strömungsabwärts von der Druckstufe vorliegenden Füllgases auch im Falle von Druckschwankungen in der Füllgaszuleitung zum zu befüllenden Druckbehälter. Durch den Einbau der Druckstufe kann auch die Heizleistung des Füllgases auf einen Wert eingestellt werden, der geringer als die Verdampfungsenthalpie ist, sofern die Forderung erfüllt ist, dass das Füllgas bei dem erniedrigten Druck und der ihm zugeführten Energie im gasförmigen Zustand vorliegt.A expedient embodiment the device according to the invention provides that in the connecting line and / or in the filling gas discharge a Pressure level is arranged. The pressure level, which is for example is a pressure reducer or an adjustable throttle valve, ensures due to the lowered boiling point due to the relaxation the maintenance of the gaseous state of aggregation downstream of the pressure stage present filling gas also in the case of pressure fluctuations in the Füllgaszuleitung to be filled Pressure vessel. By installing the pressure stage can also on the heating power of the filling gas be set to a value lower than the enthalpy of vaporization if the claim is met is that the filling gas at the reduced pressure and the energy supplied to it in the gaseous state is present.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Verbindungsleitung mit einer Gaszuleitung strömungsverbunden, mittels der ein Zusatzgas in die Verbindungsleitung einspeisbar ist. Auf diese Weise können insbesondere Füllgasgemische auf einfache Weise und ohne die Gefahr der Kondensation einer Füllgaskomponente hergestellt werden. Das Zusatzgas kann dabei auch zur Erwärmung des Füllgases eingesetzt werden.advantageously, is the connecting line fluidly connected to a gas supply line, by means of an additional gas can be fed into the connection line is. That way you can in particular filling gas mixtures produced in a simple manner and without the risk of condensation of a filling gas component become. The additional gas can also be used to heat the filling gas.
Anhand der Zeichnung soll ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung näher erläutert werden.Based the drawing is an embodiment closer to the invention explained become.
Die
in der Zeichnung (Fig.) schematisch dargestellte Vorrichtung
Bei
der Befülleinrichtung
Der
Vorratsbehälter
In
der Nähe
des Ausgangs von Primärabschnitt
Beim
Betrieb der Vorrichtung
Zur
Herstellung eines Füllgasgemisches,
im Ausführungsbeispiel
eines Argon-Helium-
Gemisches, wird eine zusätzliche
Füllgaskomponente – im Beispiel
Helium – aus
dem Vorratsbehälter
Die
zusätzliche
Füllgaskomponente
oder weitere Füllgaskomponenten,
können
im Rahmen der Erfindung dem Füllgas
auch an anderer – hier nicht
gezeigter – Stelle
hinzugeführt
werden, insbesondere stromabwärts
vom Sekundärabschnitt
Im
Ausführungsbeispiel
wird der Druck des Füllgases
in der Verbindungsleitung an der Anordnung
Durch
die Befüllung
der Druckbehälter
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- Druckbehälterpressure vessel
- 33
- Befülleinrichtungfilling
- 44
- Vorratsbehälterreservoir
- 55
- Vorratsbehälterreservoir
- 66
- Füllgasleitungfill gas
- 77
- Wärmetauscherheat exchangers
- 88th
- Primärabschnitt (des Wärmetauschers)primary section (of the heat exchanger)
- 99
- Sekundärabschnitt (des Wärmetauschers)secondary section (of the heat exchanger)
- 1010
- WärmetauscherflächeHeat exchanger surface
- 1111
- 1212
- FüllgasableitungFüllgasableitung
- 1313
- Verbindungsleitungconnecting line
- 1414
- Mess- und Regeleinrichtungmeasurement and control device
- 1515
- Heizeinrichtungheating
- 1616
- Temperatursensortemperature sensor
- 1717
- Anordnung zur Druckreduzierungarrangement for pressure reduction
- 1818
- Verbindungsstellejunction
- 1919
- Gaszuleitunggas supply
- 2020
- Anordnung zur Druckreduzierungarrangement for pressure reduction
- 2121
- 2222
- Druckpufferprint buffer
- 2323
- Absperrventilshut-off valve
- 2424
- Absperrventilshut-off valve
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005004665A DE102005004665A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2005-02-02 | Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures |
| AT06707704T ATE519065T1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2006-01-11 | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR FILLING PRESSURE VESSELS WITH NON-LIQUEFIED GASES OR GAS MIXTURES |
| EP06707704A EP1846691B1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2006-01-11 | Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures |
| PCT/EP2006/050166 WO2006082122A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2006-01-11 | Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005004665A DE102005004665A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2005-02-02 | Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102005004665A1 true DE102005004665A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
Family
ID=36063688
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005004665A Withdrawn DE102005004665A1 (en) | 2005-02-02 | 2005-02-02 | Method and device for filling pressure vessels with non-liquefied gases or gas mixtures |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1846691B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE519065T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005004665A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006082122A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104132237A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-11-05 | 国家电网公司 | Low temperature mixed insulating gas supplementing device |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008013084A1 (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2009-09-24 | Messer Group Gmbh | Apparatus and method for removing gas from a container |
| US20140366575A1 (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2014-12-18 | Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation | Low-temperature gas supply device, heat transfer medium-cooling device, and low-temperature reaction control device |
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| ATE435996T1 (en) * | 2003-12-19 | 2009-07-15 | Messer Group Gmbh | METHOD FOR FILLING COMPRESSED GAS CONTAINERS |
-
2005
- 2005-02-02 DE DE102005004665A patent/DE102005004665A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2006
- 2006-01-11 EP EP06707704A patent/EP1846691B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2006-01-11 WO PCT/EP2006/050166 patent/WO2006082122A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-01-11 AT AT06707704T patent/ATE519065T1/en active
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| DE1466790B1 (en) * | 1964-12-18 | 1971-01-21 | Cvi Corp | Medical probe for cold surgery treatment |
| DE2218307B2 (en) * | 1971-04-15 | 1979-09-27 | Black, Sivalls & Bryson Inc., Kansas City, Mo. (V.St.A.) | |
| DE2439108A1 (en) * | 1973-08-24 | 1975-02-27 | Nrg Inc | PROCESS FOR GENERATING A HIGH PRESSURE GAS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS |
| EP0033386A1 (en) * | 1980-01-31 | 1981-08-12 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Process for transporting and storing permanent gases |
| DE19506486C2 (en) * | 1995-02-24 | 2003-02-20 | Messer Griesheim Gmbh | Device for evaporating cryogenic media |
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| CN104132237B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-03-30 | 国家电网公司 | Mix insulation gas low temperature making-up air device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2006082122A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
| EP1846691A1 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| EP1846691B1 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
| ATE519065T1 (en) | 2011-08-15 |
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| R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
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