DE102004051712A1 - Production of a body having a ceramic base body used in chimney construction comprises arranging a molding tool in the region of an opening of the base body, pouring a geopolymer mortar into the tool, hardening and removing the tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Production of a body having a ceramic base body with an additional molded part comprises arranging a molding tool with an inner mold and an outer mold in the region of an opening of the ceramic base body, pouring a geopolymer mortar into the hollow chamber between the inner mold and outer mold to mold the additional molded part, hardening the mortar and removing the tool after hardening. An independent claim is also included for a process for the production of the geopolymer mortar used in the above process.

Description

The The invention relates to a method for producing a composite body from a ceramic base body and a complementary fitting. Further For example, the invention relates to a geopolymer mortar for use in such a process and a method for producing such a geopolymer mortar.

preferred Field of application is the chimney construction.

in the It is known that chimney pipes for the Connection to fireplaces with connection fittings, so-called. Flue pipe connections be provided. In chimney pipes also opening stubs are arranged, for a regular check and to allow cleaning of the inner tubes. Here are the opening nozzles with resealable Provided doors. Such connection fittings and opening nozzle can either in one piece be formed with the chimney pipe, e.g. by isostatic pressing or squeezing, or only after burning the chimney pipe through Cut out an opening and so-called Angarnieren of suitable ceramic supplemental fittings with Help of a cement or glue.

To The disadvantages of the latter method include the high amount of manual labor and the associated costs. Joints are used in the chimney construction usually with refractory and acid-resistant kittens, so-called acid kitten On a water glass basis. A weak point of such connection are thermal stresses due to different thermal expansion of ceramic tube and joint filler.

thermal Tensions between ceramic and metal occur in the case of metallic Frame of cleaning doors from chimney pipes. These stresses can lead to cracks and flaking that just undesirable in the chimney construction are, as these to the unnoticed leakage of harmful Flue gases can lead into the surrounding masonry and adjoining rooms.

Mortar and putty for connecting fireplace fittings or for repairing damaged fireplaces are known. That's how it describes DE 42 33 295 A1 a fast and without volume shrinkage curing, acid-resistant mortar composition for, inter alia, this application. The mortar composition is based on a combination of fly ash, mineral fillers, hydraulic binders, alkali silicates, also referred to as water glasses, and reactants for the alkali silicates. The solid mixture of the mortar composition is extremely finely divided, with an average particle size of 80% less than 25 microns and 60% is less than 12 microns. As reactants for curing the water glasses thereby sparingly soluble salts of polyvalent metals, such as the phosphates and polyphosphates of aluminum and zinc are called. For the mineral filler preferably materials are used with crystalline structure. Quartz flour, alumina, mica flour, slate flour, kaolin, talc or basalt stone flour are preferred here. To increase the strength and setting rate of the mortar composition this is further added to a finely divided, amorphous silica, for example in the form of diatomaceous earth, precipitated silica gel or pyrolytically formed silica. An addition of additives or auxiliaries to the mortar composition, such as flow agents, defoamers, wetting agents, liquefiers or dispersing aids in the range of 0.01 to 5% of the total amount is also described.

Such mortar and putties are known as ASB cement, the acronym ASB for alkali slag binder stands. The term ASB cement is synonymous with geopolymer mortar. ASB cement consists of a binder component, a hardener component and filler and becomes i.a. used in the ceramics industry as an adhesive, partly with quartz sand as filler. The binder component is formed by water glass, the hardener component consists of fly ash and metakaolin. To accelerate the curing process aluminum phosphate is used. The curing takes place at room temperature. The cured one Material is characterized among other things by high temperature resistance, high strength and good processability.

ASB cement is also a very good connection with ceramic pipes, since he the glass phase of the ceramic tube "dissolves": aggressive in the ASB cement Fabrics grab the surface of ceramic bodies and cause a superficial resolution the ceramic structure. This allows the phase of ASB cement with the dissolved glass phase of the ceramic tube merge, which is known by the term cold welding is. After curing of the ASB cement results in a cohesive connection of the two Materials.

It is an object of the invention to provide a method that allows the simple and efficient production of composite bodies with a ceramic base body and a molded complementary fitting, as well as a suitable material. Furthermore, a suitable method for producing such a material be be provided.

The Task becomes with the objects the claims 1, 9 and 24 solved. The invention combines the known technology of geopolymers with the ceramic technology by the use of chimney pipe break is provided.

With the method according to claim 1, the formation of a supplementary fitting to a ceramic body with the help of reusable molds simple and efficient respectively.

Of the ceramic basic body consists of a ceramic material and is designed to hold a additional Fitting, a so-called supplementary fitting, suitable. The main body and form the molded supplement fitting a composite body, because they consist of two or more parts. Through the complementary fitting can the application and application of the body changed and / or increased. If e.g. as a ceramic body used a chimney pipe and consists of the complementary fitting of a Socket for receiving a smoke pipe, so serves the two partial bodies formed, composite bodies as a chimney pipe for the connection of a Smoke pipe.

The Complement fitting becomes usually at an opening of the basic body attached, e.g. a circular opening in the wall of the body. This opening may already have been formed during the production of the main body, or she is only afterthoughts in the main body attached, e.g. by sawing out. Around this opening the supplementary fitting is arranged e.g. the smoke pipe connection. In this case, the production of the supplementary molding takes place a pourable geopolymermörtel according to the invention, which formed in a mold from molds, is poured.

The Form tools are designed so and so on the ceramic body in the area of the opening arranged that through the molds a cavity is formed in the from above the Geopolymer mortar can be poured.

To pour in of the geopolymer mortar hardens into the cavity of the mold the geopolymer mortar and forms the desired fitting out. After hardening of the geopolymer mortar the molds are removed. After that, the newly formed, composite bodies from basic body and molded complementary fitting can be used.

It is advantageous, the molds as an inner shape and outer shape form, wherein the inner mold protruding into an opening of the ceramic body is arranged, and the outer shape on the ceramic body adjacent to the inner mold is arranged so that a cavity between inside and outside shape formed. This cavity becomes laterally through the inner and outer mold and enclosed at the bottom by the ceramic body. In the after open-topped cavity, the geopolymer mortar is filled.

In a preferred embodiment consist of the inner mold and / or the outer shape of plastic and / or Silicone material. This material has the advantage of being good in the desired Shape can be brought as it is easy to work and moldable is. In particular, it has the property of attaching itself to the ceramic body good to snuggle up. As a result, the connection gap between the ceramic body and the molds, namely the inner mold and the outer mold, so close. that the pourable geopolymer mortar not to flow out of the mold can.

In a preferred embodiment of the method according to claim 1 is the ceramic body as a chimney pipe. Here, the supplementary fitting as a Smoke pipe connection fitting, as a sleeve, as an outlet nozzle or designed as a transition piece become. The flue pipe fitting can for receiving a flue pipe through which the flue gases of a hearth are removed, serve. The sleeve can be molded onto a first chimney pipe, wherein the sleeve serves to receive a second chimney pipe, the connected by means of the sleeve with the first chimney pipe. The opening can as a cleaning opening to control and clean the interior of the chimney pipe and with a door, which are also made of geopolymer mortar can be closed. The transition piece may e.g. the connection between a chimney pipe and an already existing connecting piece serve.

The inventive method is, inter alia, simple and rational, that the in filled the mold Geopolymer mortar cured in ambient air at a temperature in the range of 0 to 100 ° C. A special thermal aftertreatment, e.g. an energy-consuming Drying or burning process, is therefore unnecessary.

Of the Geopolymer mortar according to claim 9 is a suitable material for the method according to claim 1.

The geopolymer mortar according to the invention was developed on the basis of ASB cement. It comprises at least one filler, at least one Binder and at least one hardener. In this case, the filler serves to form a material compatible supplementary molding to the ceramic body. In particular, the filler is formed such that the thermal expansion coefficient of the cured geopolymer mortar is adapted to that of the ceramic body. The binder serves to bind the components of the geopolymer mortar in a substantially homogeneous mixture. The hardener consists of reactive substances, which cause hardening of the geopolymer mortar or accelerate the hardening process.

The particular suitability of the geopolymer mortar for the method according to claim 1 is due to that yourself the geopolymer mortar form castable lets and at Temperatures less than 100 ° C cures. This can be done the method according to claim 1 train very easily and rationally.

One Another advantage is that the cured geopolymer mortar Admixture of suitable filler a thermal expansion coefficient has near the chimney pipe and temperature stable up to at least 1000 ° C. is. This can reduce the risk of destructive thermal stresses be reduced.

Advantageous is further that the Geopolymer mortar a very durable and non-positive connection with the ceramic body enters because of its chemical composition, the glass phase the ceramic triggers, a process called cold welding is known.

When filler in the geopolymer mortar Ground chimney pipe and sand is used to make one to the Chimney pipe to obtain material compatible material.

• a) 35 bis 45 Gew.-% aufgemahlenen Bruch der zu verklebenden Schornsteinrohre und/oder Schamotte und/oder Cordierit sowie
• b) 10 bis 15 Gew.-% feinteiligen Sand enthält.

It is particularly preferred if the geopolymer mortar filler

• a) 35 to 45 wt .-% milled breakage of the chimney pipes to be bonded and / or chamotte and / or cordierite and
• b) contains 10 to 15 wt .-% finely divided sand.

One has such composite filler an optimally adapted to the pipe material thermal expansion coefficient and reduces the thermally induced voltages between Chimney pipes and geopolymer material to a minimum.

Of the Milled fracture is preferred in a grain size to about 2 mm, the break usually being in its main components made of burnt clay and cordierite or for example made of burned material of the chimney pipes.

In a preferred embodiment is used as sand feldspar sand. A suitable feldspar sand is for example under the name Pegmatitsand FS900L the company AKW Amberger Kaolinwerke Eduard Kick GmbH & Co. KG, 92242 Hirschau, DE acquirable.

at a preferred embodiment indicates the geopolymer mortar From 45 to 60% by weight of filler, 13 to 23 wt .-% hardener and 23 to 30 wt .-% binder on. Such a geopolymer material is in hardened Condition highly crack resistant and gas tight. When mixing the geopolymer mortar is a largely constant Mixing ratio of Components hardener and binders. Depending on the desired curing behavior are changes in the hardener shares possible.

at a preferred embodiment indicates the geopolymer mortar From 20 to 25% by weight of liquid Alkali silicate with a maximum content of dissolved potassium silicate and 3 to 5 Wt .-% alkali hydroxide as a binder, wherein the alkali metal hydroxide is preferably in the form of KOH and / or NaOH, preferably as Ätzkali- or caustic soda scales is used. Potassium hydroxide flakes (technically 90-92%) are over for example the company Biesterfeld Graen, 81245 Munich, DE, available.

Commercially available, cost-effective water glasses based on sodium silicate or potassium silicate are used for the use in geopolymer mortar. A water glass preferably used here contains about 14% K ₂ O, 26% SiO ₂ and has a solids content of about 40%. A suitable water glass is available, for example, under the name K42 from Woellner Silikat GmbH, 67065 Ludwigshafen, DE or from Permatex, 71665 Vaihingen, DE.

Preferably, the curing agent used in the geopolymer mortar comprises one or more components of the following group: fly ash; Aluminum phosphate; Metakaolin. The hardener metakaolin provides a reactive material from a high energy, amorphous phase. In contact with the alkaline binder solution, Si-O and Al-O bonds present in the amorphous phase are broken and monomeric building blocks are generated, with the liquid alkali water glass of the binder serving as the activator for Si-O monomers and the alkali hydroxide of the binder , These react, accelerated by heating, by condensation reaction to aluminosilicate networks. The aluminum phosphate, which is known from waterglass binder systems, serves to accelerate the curing process. The effect of curing is on a polarization of Si-O bonds and thereby accelerate the condensation due.

Of the Geopolymer mortar preferably has 2 to 5 wt .-% fly ash. Particularly suitable here fly ash type Microsit M10 from BauMineral GmbH Herten, 45699 Herten, DE. But other types of fly ashes can be used become.

Farther it is particularly advantageous if the geopolymer mortar 1 to 3 wt .-% aluminum phosphate. A suitable aluminum phosphate is for example under the name Fabutit 758 from the company Chemische Fabrik Budenheim, 55257 Budenheim, DE, purchasable.

Also has a component of 10 to 15 wt .-% of metakaolin in the geopolymer mortar proven, which independently produced a chemical bond in the geopolymer material from the water glass. One here preferably used Metakaolin can under the name Metastar 501 from Imerys, for example, about the Company Gustav Grolmann GmbH & Co. KG, 41429 Neuss am Rhein, DE.

Especially it is preferred for the curing behavior of the geopolymer mortar, if this as a hardener at the same time 2 to 5 wt .-% fly ash, 1 to 3 wt .-% aluminum phosphate and 10 to 15 wt% metakaolin.

A geopolymer mortar according to the invention has the following constituents, which in total yield 100% by weight of the geopolymer mortar:
0 to 60 wt .-% chimney pipe break,
0 to 60% by weight of sand,
15 to 40% by weight of liquid alkali silicate,
From 2 to 6% by weight of alkali hydroxide,
0 to 20% by weight flyash,
0 to 10 wt .-% aluminum phosphate.
0 to 20% by weight of metakaolin,

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the geopolymer mortar is made
35 to 45 wt .-% chimney pipe break,
10 to 15% by weight of sand,
20 to 25% by weight of liquid alkali silicate,
From 3 to 5% by weight of alkali hydroxide,
2 to 5% by weight of fly ash,
1 to 3% by weight of aluminum phosphate, and
10 to 15 wt. Metakaolin formed.

Further intended a suitable method for producing such a material to be provided.

• a) Lösen des Binders in einem Mischgefäß,
• b) Zugabe des Härters zum Binder,
• c) Homogenisieren der Härters und des Binders unter Bildung einer Suspension,
• d) Vermengen der Suspension mit Füllstoff bis zum Erreichen der gewünschten Konsistenz.

The object of providing a suitable method for producing a geopolymer mortar according to the invention is achieved by the method according to claim 24:

• a) dissolving the binder in a mixing vessel,
• b) adding the hardener to the binder,
• c) homogenizing the hardener and the binder to form a suspension,
• d) mixing the suspension with filler until reaching the desired consistency.

step d) is preferably carried out under vacuum for removal from air bubbles out of the crowd. Alternatively or additionally the vacuum application also after step d), i. after mixing the suspension is carried out with filler.

These Sequence of mixing and adding steps enables optimal processing the inventive geopolymer material. The adjustment of the consistency of the total mixture depends on the Amount of added filler from. By increasing the amount added to the suspension filler The consistency of the geopolymer mortar may optionally be pourable via plastic / extrudable be set to earth moist / pressable.

In a preferred embodiment indicates the geopolymer mortar Ready to use a pourable consistency on, so that one simple and time-saving introduction of the geopolymer mortar in Molds on the ceramic tubes, e.g. in a casting line, is possible.

An embodiment of the invention is in 1 and will be described in more detail below. 1 shows a cross section through a mold 40 in their working position on a chimney pipe 10 , in the area of an opening 12 of the chimney pipe 10 arranged. In 1 is in the mold 40 already geopolymer mortar 50 poured, after curing, a chimney pipe extension fitting, molded to the chimney pipe 10 to train.

At the chimney pipe 10 in 1 it is a ceramic socket pipe. At the right in the representation front end of the chimney pipe 10 is the sleeve 15 educated. In the pipe wall 11 with axial distance to the front-side sleeve 15 is the opening 12 formed as a circular cross-section opening. Designs with other opening shapes, eg rectangular, square, trapezoidal, oval cross-sectional shapes are possible. The pipe cross-section of the chimney pipe 10 is circular in the illustrated case. Designs with other pipe cross sections are possible.

In the illustrated case with a round tube cross section, the opening extends 12 about circa a quarter of the chimney pipe circumference, in modified versions with other pipe sections but preferably at most over half the chimney pipe circumference, to a breaking of the chimney pipe 10 to prevent.

The mold 40 consists of an inner shape 20 and a coaxial outer shape 30 , In the illustrated case, the inner shape 20 formed as a solid stamp, whose cross section is largely the cross-sectional shape of the opening 12 follows. The inner shape 20 is preferably made of an elastic material, so that the inner shape 20 to the cross-sectional shape of the opening 12 adapts if the inside shape 20 in the opening 12 is introduced. This is the inner shape 20 capable of opening 12 so seal that the geopolymer mortar is not from the mold 40 into the pipe interior 14 can flow. In an alternative embodiment, the inner shape 20 be hollow inside, so that material and weight is saved. The inner shape 20 must be sufficiently stable to withstand the hydrostatic pressure coming from the mold 40 poured geopolymer mortar is applied without receiving deformation.

The outer shape 30 is formed as a cylindrical body having a cross-section, which in conjunction with the coaxially arranged inner shape 20 allows the desired shape of the chimney pipe extension fitting. The outer shape 30 becomes coaxial around the inside shape 20 around on the pipe wall 11 of the chimney pipe 10 arranged. The outer form sits here 30 with her lower front end 31 on the outside of the pipe wall 11 of the chimney pipe 10 on. To ensure sufficient tightness against the outflow of the geopolymer mortar 50 ensure the lower front end 31 the curvature of the pipe wall 11 of the chimney pipe 10 consequences. Analogous to the inner shape 20 is also the outer shape 30 preferably made of an elastic material, so that the outer shape 30 to the curvature of the pipe wall 11 adapts. Analogous to the inner shape 20 Also, the outer shape must be sufficiently stable to the hydrostatic pressure of the in the mold 40 poured geopolymer mortar is applied without receiving deformation.

In the working position during the casting process vertically upward opening 12 is the inside shape 20 arranged, the tight closing to the inner wall 13 the opening 12 enough. By tightly closing a conclusion is understood that it is a pourable adjusted geopolymer mortar 50 does not allow between the outside of the inner mold 20 and the inner wall 13 the opening 12 through into the tube interior 14 of the chimney pipe 10 penetrate.

The inner shape 20 is axially in the opening 12 inserted so that they with their free end at least as far into the pipe inside 14 of the chimney pipe 10 protrudes that a tight seal between the outside of the inner mold 20 and the inner edge 13 the opening 12 is guaranteed. In the working position is the inner shape 20 by a suitable holder so in the opening 12 fixed that a change in position of the inner mold 20 , eg tilting or slipping is prevented. The relevant holder is in 1 not shown.

To the inner shape 20 is concentric in the working position an outer shape 30 arranged so that between the outside of the inner mold 20 and the inside of the outer shape 30 a gap 41 forms into the pourable adjusted geopolymer mortar 50 can be poured. Here, the inside of the outer shape 30 analogous to the outside of the inner mold 20 be formed so that the gap 41 is the same width at every point. That to the chimney pipe 10 pointing, lower front end 31 the outer shape 30 must the outer shape of the pipe wall 11 , ie in the illustrated case of the outer curvature of the chimney pipe 10 follow, so the outside shape 30 tightly closed to the outside of the pipe wall 11 enough. This prevents the pourable adjusted geopolymer mortar 50 between the lower front end 31 the outer shape 30 and the outside of the pipe wall 11 through out of the mold 40 get out.

It has been found to be advantageous, both the inner shape 20 as well as the outer shape 30 made of an elastic and easily moldable material such as plastic (polyethylene) or silicone. In addition to the good adaptation to the sealed opening 12 and the outside of the chimney pipe 10 Another advantage is that between these materials and the geopolymer mortar 50 no cross-linking occurs, so that stripping after hardening of the geopolymer mortar 50 not hindered.

The distance between the inside shape 20 and outer shape 30 must correspond at any point at least the desired minimum wall thickness of the supplementary fitting to be formed. The outer shape 30 is also fixed by a suitable holder so that a change in position of the outer mold 30 , eg tilting or slipping is prevented. The relevant holder is in 1 not shown. The inner shape 20 and the outer shape 30 form the mold 40 into which the pourable adjusted geopolymer mortar 50 is poured.

Pouring the pourable adjusted geopolymer mortar 50 from above into the gap 41 done in such a way that the entire space 41 gradually filled with air bubbles, until the filling level 51 of the filled geo polymer mortar 50 has reached a height corresponding to the desired projection of the supplementary fitting of the pipe wall 11 of the chimney pipe 10 equivalent. When determining the filling level 51 must the loss of the filled geopolymer mortar 50 during drying.

To cure the filled in the mold geopolymer mortar 50 becomes the entire casting structure, ie the filled shape 40 and the chimney pipe 10 , quiet. At an ambient temperature of approx. 80 to 85 ° C, a drying time of a few hours is to be expected. At lower ambient temperatures, the required drying time will increase accordingly. Thus, the drying time at room air temperature is in the range of a few days. After that it has the geopolymer mortar 50 formed complementary fitting a sufficient strength for stripping.

For stripping the supplementary fitting first the outer shape 30 and then the inside shape 20 lifted vertically upwards. As already described above, is between the form 40 and the complementary fitting to expect no significant cross-linking, if the shape 40 are made of a plastic such as polyethylene and / or silicone. In addition, the geopolymer mortar during drying on a small volume shrinkage, so that a slight gap between the hardening geopolymer mortar 50 and the walls of the mold 40 formed. For these reasons, stripping is usually unproblematic. However, it may be necessary in some cases for stripping the form 40 slightly vibrate before lifting to make final connections between the mold 40 and to solve the formed complementary fitting.

The hardened geopolymer mortar 50 is a strong, non-positive connection with the pipe wall 11 received and forms the supplementary fitting in the desired training.

In Further embodiments of the method according to the invention can also opening stub or doorframe for cleaning openings made of chimney pipes using suitable forms of geopolymer mortar become. When making an opening nozzle or door frame a cleaning opening As a rule, a rectangular opening is made in the chimney pipe. The inner shape and the outer shape have a rectangular circumference. This way it will go over the opening the geopolymer mortar a rectangular opening or door frame formed. The remaining Elements of the method described above also apply to this Design. The associated cleaning door this cleaning hole Can be poured in a separate mold and hand-dried after drying at the door frame the cleaning opening be attached.

10

chimney pipe

11

pipe wall

12

opening

13

inner edge the opening

14

tube interiors

15

sleeve

20

interior shape

30

external form

31

lower front end

40

mold

41

gap

50

Geopolymer mortar

51

filling height

Claims (27)

Process for the preparation of a composite body with a ceramic body with molded complementary fitting, wherein is provided, a) that in Area of an opening of the ceramic base body a mold with an inner shape and an outer shape is arranged, wherein the inner mold protruding into the opening of the ceramic body is arranged and the outer shape in an area on the outside of the ceramic base body adjacent and around the inner mold to form a cavity is arranged b) that in the cavity between the inner mold and the outer mold a pourable geopolymer mortar for Forming of the supplementary molding poured becomes, c) that the Geopolymer mortar cures d) that after curing the mold is removed. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner mold and / or the outer shape Plastic and / or silicone material is / are trained. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that this Supplementary fitting as connecting piece, in particular flue pipe connection fitting, one through the ceramic body formed ceramic chimney pipe is formed. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that this Complement fitting as socket a formed by the ceramic body ceramic Chimney pipe is formed. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the supplementary fitting is used as an opening nozzle, in particular frame of a cleaning opening, one through the ceramic Body formed ceramic chimney pipe is formed, preferably provided is that the Frame of the cleaning opening with one of geopolymer mortar connectable cleaning door connectable is. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that this Supplementary fitting as a transition piece, in particular between the ceramic base body and a connecting piece, formed is. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that embedded in the cavity geopolymer mortar at temperatures smaller as 100 ° C cures. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that composite bodies for one Operating temperature up to 1000 ° C suitable is. Composite body with a ceramic body with molded complementary shaped piece of geopolymer mortar, preferably manufactured according to one of the preceding methods, characterized that the geopolymer mortar at least a filler, at least one binder and at least one curing agent, wherein the filler is designed in such a way that he an adjustment of the thermal expansion coefficient of the cured geopolymer mortar causing the ceramic body is trained. Composite body according to claim 9, characterized characterized in that Geopolymer mortar is formed pourable for processing. Composite body according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the Geopolymer mortar at temperatures lower than 100 ° C cures. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the Geopolymer mortar after curing up to at least 1000 ° C is temperature stable. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the Geopolymer mortar makes a permanent connection with the ceramic body. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the filler ground fracture of the main body and Has sand. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the Binder liquid Alkali silicate and alkali hydroxide Composite body according to claim 15, characterized characterized in that liquid Alkali silicate by means of a sodium silicate or a potassium silicate is formed. Composite body according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the liquid alkali silicate has a maximum content of dissolved potassium silicate, and thus about 14% K ₂ O, 26% SiO ₂ and a solids content of about 40%. Composite body according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the Alkali hydroxide in the form of Ätzkali- and / or caustic soda flakes is used. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 18, characterized in that the Harder Fly ash, metakaolin and aluminum phosphate has. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 19, wherein the geopolymer mortar following Constituents which together give 100% by weight of the geopolymer: 0 up to 60% by weight ground chimney pipe break, 0 to 60% by weight of sand, 15 to 40% by weight liquid Alkali silicate, From 2 to 6% by weight of alkali hydroxide, 0 to 20 Weight% fly ash, 0 to 10 wt .-% aluminum phosphate. 0 to 20% by weight of metakaolin. Composite body according to claim 20, characterized characterized in that Geopolymer mortar is formed from: 35 to 45% by weight ground chimney pipe break, 10 up to 15% by weight of sand, 20 to 25% by weight of liquid alkali silicate, 3 up to 5% by weight of alkali metal hydroxide, 2 to 5% by weight of fly ash, 1 up to 3% by weight of aluminum phosphate, 10 to 15% by weight of metakaolin. Composite body according to Claim 21, characterized in that the geopolymer mortar is formed from: 40.8% by weight ground flue tube fracture, 13.6% by weight sand, 22.6% by weight liquid alkali silicate, 4.0 wt .-% alkali hydroxide, 3.4 wt .-% fly ash, 1.9 wt .-% aluminum phosphate, and 13.7 wt .-% metakaolin. 1.9% by weight of aluminum phosphate. Composite body according to one of claims 9 to 22, characterized in that the as a filler used sand in the form of feldspar sand. Process for the preparation of a geopolymer mortar for Use in a method according to one of claims 1 to 8 or in a composite body according to one of the claims 9 to 23, characterized by the following steps: a) Solve the Binders in a mixing vessel, b) Add the hardener to the binder, c) homogenizing the hardener and the binder to form a suspension, and d) mixing the suspension with the filler. Method according to Claim 24, characterized that of the suspension so much filler is admixed that the Geopolymer mortar optionally a) in a flowable consistency for casting, or b) in a plastic consistency for extruding, or c) in a soil-moist consistency for pressing will be produced. Method according to claim 24 or 25, characterized that this Mixing the suspension with the filler according to step d) under vacuum he follows. Method according to one of claims 24 to 26, characterized that after the mixing of the suspension with the filler according to step d) is evacuated.