DE102004050338B4 - Sliding door with a magnetic support and drive system with a magnetic row - Google Patents

Abstract

Sliding door with a Magnetic support and drive system for at least one door leaf (5), with a linear drive unit, the two arranged in the drive direction Magnetic rows (1e, 1f) whose magnetization in their longitudinal direction at certain intervals that Sign changes, and one of several individual coils (7) existing between the two rows of magnets (1e, 1f) arranged coil arrangement having, with appropriate control of the individual coils (7) causes an interaction with the two rows of magnets (1e, 1f), the feed forces and a carrying device, the two in attractive force each with one of the two rows of magnets (1e, 1f) standing on a respective side facing away from the coil arrangement of the respective Magnetic series (1e, 1f) arranged magnetizable mounting rails (2a, 2, 2c, 2d) and a guide element (3, 23, 24) having a respective predetermined gap-shaped spacing between a respective magnetic series (1e, 1f) and with this ensured in attractive pulling action support rail (2a, 2b).

Description

The The invention relates to a sliding door with a magnetic support and drive system for at least a door, with a linear drive unit with two arranged in the drive direction Magnet series according to claim 1. The term magnet series comprises also oblong Individual magnets. The magnet series can be stationary or mobile be arranged.

From the DE 40 16 948 A1 a sliding door guide is known in the cooperating magnets under normal load effect a non-contact floating guide held in a sliding guide door or the like, wherein in addition to the stationary magnet arranged the sliding guide a stator of a linear motor is arranged, the rotor is arranged on the sliding door. The selected V-shaped arrangement of the permanent magnets of the disclosed permanently excited magnetic support means no laterally stable guideway can be realized, which is why a relatively complicated arrangement and design of the stator and rotor is required. This arrangement increases the cost of such a sliding door enormously.

Out WO 00/50719 A1 is a combined storage and drive system for one automatically operated door known in which a permanently energized magnetic support system is symmetrical and stationary and portable Magnet rows, which are each arranged in a plane, wherein the support system is in a labile equilibrium and in which the support system symmetrically arranged lateral guide elements has, the roll-shaped can be stored NEN. Due to the thus achieved laterally stable track results in a simple design and arrangement of stand and runner one in a common housing accommodated linear motor, namely the possibility of stands and runner of the linear motor with respect to the support system arbitrarily order can and in terms of the shape of the stand and rotor not by the support system limited to be.

this It is common to both storage systems that they follow the principle of repellent Force effect work, which principle of action a stable limbo allows no complicated electrical control device. The disadvantage of this is however, that both at least one stationary as well as at least a portable Magnetic series must be present, d. h., Over the entire path of the sliding guide or of the warehouse of the automatically operated door and along it Guide moving Carriage for the door Magnets must be arranged which causes such a system, which is due to the omission the mechanical friction to carry the door by extreme ease of movement and noiseless Working method is characterized and almost wear and maintenance free, in the production is very expensive.

From the DE 196 18 518 C1 Further, an electromagnetic drive system for magnetic levitation and support systems is known in which a stable levitation and support state is achieved by a suitable arrangement of permanent magnet and ferromagnetic material. For this purpose, the permanent magnet puts the ferromagnetic material in the state of a magnetic partial saturation. Electromagnets are arranged so that the permanent magnets are moved solely by a change in the saturation in the support rail, and the coil cores are included in the permanent magnetic partial saturation, which leads to the floating and wearing state.

Further shows the WO 94/13055 A1 a stator drive for a electric linear drive and provided with such a stand Door that using magnets in the lintel suspended from a frame is. Therefor There are several magnets on the door panel or magnet groups whose magnetic field strength is so large that an attraction to a guide plate achieved, which is arranged on the underside of the lintel, wherein the attraction is sufficient to lift the weight of the door panel.

The two systems described in these documents is common, that a caking of the magnets to the ferromagnetic material By means of rollers is prevented, so an air gap between the Magnets and the ferromagnetic material adjusted by means of rollers becomes. These roles must at the chosen Take orders of great powers, because the magnetic field strength is not so chosen can be that held only the respective magnetically suspended door but a certain one due to safety regulations additional Tragkraft must be present so that the door does not fall unintentionally. As a result, have to the roles are similar be interpreted as with purely roller-bearing sliding doors, what causes that there is a mechanical friction for adjusting the air gap is. This highlights the extreme ease and noiseless Operation of the repulsive Force principle working storage and leads to wear and maintenance.

It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a sliding door with a magnetic support and to Drive system for at least one door, which has a linear drive unit with at least one row of magnets to develop so that the advantages mentioned above remain low production costs.

Is solved This problem with the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the subject of the claim 1 are in the subclaims specified.

The Sliding door according to the invention with a magnetic Carrying and drive system for at least one door leaf, with a linear drive unit, the two arranged in the drive direction Magnetic series whose magnetization in their longitudinal direction at certain intervals the Sign changes, and one between several individual coils between Having the two rows of magnets arranged coil assembly, the with appropriate control of the individual coils interact with causes the two rows of magnets that causes feed forces, and a support device, the two in attractive force with each one of the two Magnet rows standing facing away on a respective one of the coil assembly Side of the respective magnetic series arranged magnetizable mounting rails and a guide element having a respective particular gap-shaped distance between a respective magnetic series and with this in attractive force ensures a secure mounting rail, points opposite the prior art has the advantage that the support element due the exploited attractive force does not necessarily work must be hard magnetic, d. H. have a high coercivity must, with the intended guide element due to the arrangement of the coil arrangement between two rows of magnets and a respective mounting rail facing away from the coil assembly Side of a respective magnetic series by one in principle by this adjusting self-centering does not have to absorb large forces. The between the pole faces the rows of magnets and the opposite sides of the support rails resulting transverse forces thus counteract each other and stand out at a lower price Interpretation almost on. This leads to, that according to these preferred embodiments of the invention a particularly simple and uncomplicated interpretation of the guide element is made possible as this to ensure the distance between the magnet array and the support element almost no lateral forces must record. For this reason, according to the invention in one after the attractive force principle working storage a very good ease and noiseless Given the method of operation, wherein due to the guide element used, which the particular slit-shaped Distance between the two rows of magnets and the coil arrangement and the DIN rails ensured despite utilization of an unstable state of equilibrium none electrical or electronic control device to be provided needs. A slit-shaped Distance in the sense of this invention is a distance between two parallel or slightly inclined surfaces, in particular between a pole surface one of the at least one magnet row and one of these opposite one another arranged substantially parallel to the surface of the support element and / or the coil arrangement.

at the carrying device according to the invention the at least one row of magnets preferably transversely to the supporting direction magnetized. More preferably, the at least one magnetic series also also magnetized transversely to a direction of displacement, in the one carried by the support element, z. B. a sliding door element, can be moved. In this arrangement, the magnetization of at least one row of magnets transverse to the supporting direction results in a particularly simple structural design of the guide element, because this is independent in this case can be planned and executed by a force of the Carrying device must be created to the worn element in one To hold limbo.

alternative or additionally is according to the invention preferably the door leaf on preferably a multi-part Attached supporting carriage whose individual parts adjusted against each other can be such a game of sliding door adjust. Such a preferably used according to the invention Multi-part carriage offers the advantage of easy adjustment the suspension of the door and at the same time the setting of the determined distance between the two manet rows and the mounting rails or rigidly attached to this coil assembly.

To the invention, the support rails and the coil assembly are preferably stationary and the two rows of magnets arranged to be movable, d. H. in the case of the sliding door this is hung on the magnet rows, whereas the mounting rails and the coil assembly a guide for the door element or the door elements a multi-leafed sliding door form. Naturally is also the design of the mounting rails and the coil arrangement spatially variable and the magnet series stationary possible.

The sliding door according to the invention preferably comprises a vertical height adjustment device by means of which the mounting rails are height-adjustable in the direction of support. This vertical height adjustment device according to the invention realizes a bearing force adjustment in order to easily adapt the carrying device according to the invention to different ones To allow loads, ie on different heavy door of the sliding door according to the invention. By virtue of this feature, the carrying devices of the sliding doors according to the invention can be manufactured without any difference in series, without any consideration of the actual later use, ie without an adjustment to the weight to be carried later during manufacture.

The Carrier rails are preferably soft magnetic according to the invention, d. H. They have a low coercivity, resulting in particularly low costs be achieved with regard to these elements.

alternative or additionally are the mounting rails and / or coil cores of the coil assembly according to the invention preferably of stacked sheets produced. Such laminated guide rails and / or coil cores opposite The prior art has the advantage that one generated by eddy currents Power loss is reduced or minimized, as the spread of the eddy currents is reduced. By this invention preferably taking place reducing the Spread of the eddy currents the magnetic carrying and / or feeding properties will not disturbed, but significantly reduces the power loss of the drive.

The guide element includes according to the invention preferably rollers, Wälz- and / or Sliding. In this preferred embodiment of the sliding door according to the invention comprises the guide element more preferably at least one track, on the rollers, Rolling and / or sliding run, wherein the at least one running rail and / or the rollers, Rolling and / or Slider still more preferably made of plastic. By these configurations can the smoothness of the sliding door improved and maintenance of the guide element be reduced to a minimum, as with a corresponding adjustment the two counteracting elements of the guide element a noise and minimize wear can be.

According to the invention, the at least one magnetic row preferably consists of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably neodymium-iron-boron (NeFeB) or samarium-cobalt (Sm ₂ Co) or plastic-bonded magnet materials. By using such high-performance magnets can be generated because of the higher remanence induction significantly higher power densities than with ferrite magnets. Consequently, the magnet system can be geometrically small and thus save space with a given load capacity with high-performance magnets. The higher material costs of the high-performance magnets compared to ferrite magnets are at least compensated by the comparatively small magnet volume.

The Drive system according to the invention or combined support and drive system becomes the drive at least a door leaf of a Sliding door used, preferably designed as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall is. In addition to this insert, it can also be used to drive gate leaves or in feeders, Handling devices or transport systems are used.

The The invention will now be described with reference to schematically illustrated embodiments described in more detail.

there demonstrate:

1 FIG. 2: shows a cross-section of a schematic illustration of the magnetic support device preferably used according to the invention in different load states, FIG.

2 : the load capacity curve of the magnetic support device according to the in 1 shown first preferred embodiment,

3 : the transverse force curve of the magnetic support device according to the in 1 shown first preferred embodiment,

4 FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a top view of the magnetic support device according to FIG 1 shown first preferred embodiment,

5 FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a top view of a preferred embodiment of the combined support and drive system according to the invention, FIG.

6 : an electrical connection of the coils of the linear drive unit of in 5 shown combined support and drive system,

7 : a diagram for explaining a first possibility of the voltage curve at the as in 6 shown interconnected coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention,

8th : a diagram for explaining a second possibility of the voltage curve at the as in 6 shown interconnected coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention,

9 FIG. 4: a diagram for explaining a third possibility of the voltage curve at the as in FIG 6 shown interconnected coils of the first preferred embodiment of the drive system according to the invention,

10 FIG. 2: a cross-section of a sliding door according to a first embodiment of the preferred embodiment according to the invention, and FIG

11 FIG. 2: a cross-section of a sliding door according to a second embodiment of the preferred embodiment according to the invention. FIG.

The 1 shows a schematic diagram of a first preferred embodiment of the invention preferably used magnetic support device in cross section. For illustration, a coordinate system is shown in which an x-direction is a direction of travel of a door leaf suspended from the carrying device according to the invention 5 represents. The direction of the transverse forces acting on the magnetic support means is the y-direction and that of the weight of the hung door leaves 5 conditional vertical downward magnetic deflection is plotted in the z direction.

One on a support slide 4 fixed magnet series 1 is by a on the support carriage 4 provided mechanical guide element 3 that with a housing 6 the support device cooperates, centered in the horizontal direction between soft magnetic mounting rails 2a . 2 B that the supporting element 2 form, forced, while moving in the vertical direction and in the direction of travel (x) of the door leaf 5 is freely movable. Due to the symmetry thus enforced, the magnets lift in y direction 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d acting transverse forces largely on. In the vertical direction (z-direction) take the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d only in the load-free state, ie without on the support carriage 4 fastened load, as in the 1a ) shown a symmetrical position.

When loading the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d with a weight F _g , z. B. by the on the support carriage 4 attached door wings 5 , these are made in the vertical direction from the in 1a ) shown symmetrical position over a in 1b ) shown intermediate state in an in 1c ) shown by the weight force to be supported F _g and a magnetic restoring force between the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d the magnet series 1 and the mounting rails 2a . 2 B of the support element 2 , hereinafter also referred to as carrying capacity F (z) is determined. The cause of this restoring force are between the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d the magnet series 1 and the mounting rails 2a . 2 B acting magnetic attraction, taking only the part of the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d that is between the mounting rails 2a . 2 B goes down, contributes to this magnetic load capacity. As this part increases with increasing vertical deflection, the magnetic load increases in magnitude continuously with the deflection.

2 shows the dependence between the vertical deflection of the magnet series 1 and the magnetic load capacity in a characteristic curve, ie the load capacity characteristic of the support device according to the in 1 shown embodiment. On the abscissa is the vertical deflection z down, z. B. in mm and on the ordinate the corresponding generated magnetic load F (z), z. In Newton. The course of the load capacity curve is characterized by an upper and a lower break-off point, which are each achieved when the magnets between the support rails upwards and downwards completely emerge, as is the case in the down in 1e ) is shown. If this critical deflection is exceeded due to the force, the restoring forces are weakened by the increasing distance to the mounting rails 2a . 2 B whereby a stable equilibrium state between the load capacity F (z) and the weight force F _g caused by the load can not be achieved in these areas.

In practice, such a tearing off of the load capacity F (z) by the weight force F _{g of} the door leaf mass by a mechanical limitation of the possible deflection of the magnetic series 1 reliably prevented, as exemplified in 1d ) is shown. Here this includes the mounting rails 2a . 2 B receiving and a horizontal guide for the guide element 3 offering housing 6 two simultaneously arranged at its lower ends projections 6a . 6b , which is a mechanical limitation of the possible deflection of the support carriage 4 and thus the rigidly attached to this magnetic series 1 in the z direction.

Between the upper break-off point and the lower break-off point, the load-bearing characteristic runs almost linearly, with a positive deflection of the magnet row 1 , ie a downward deflection, by the on the carriage 4 attached door wings 5 takes place, from the origin of the coordinate system between vertical deflection z of the magnetic series 1 and magnetic bearing force F (z) until the lower breakpoint on the load capacity curve passes through negative slope operating points, in which a respective stable position of the magnet row 1 between the mounting rails 2a . 2 B , due to the on the magnetic series 1 acting weight force F _g and the same amount, acting in the opposite direction magnetic load F (z) can adjust.

With strict symmetry of the described magnetic support device about the vertical central axis (z-axis), both from the arrangement of the support device and the mechanical guide element 3 depends, the horizontal magnetic force components in the transverse direction, ie in the y direction, completely cancel. Leaves the magnet series 1 Due to tolerances, this exact middle position, so arises due to different degrees of attraction to the two mounting rails 2a . 2 B one on the magnetic series 1 acting lateral force F (y).

The 3 shows for a gap width of z. B. -1 mm to +1 mm, a transverse force profile F (y) in response to a lateral displacement y of the magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d who has a positive slope throughout the course. This means that at the zero point of the coordinate system, which is the center position of the magnet series 1 between the mounting rails 2a . 2 B corresponds, there is an unstable equilibrium of forces. In all other points of the coordinate system there is a resulting transverse force F (y).

Since there is only an unstable equilibrium of forces in the middle position, the guide element must 3 provide a precise mechanical bearing that the magnet series 1 during the driving movement of the magnet series 1 in the direction of movement, ie in the x-direction, exactly centered between the mounting rails 2a . 2 B leads. The more precisely this centering can be realized, the lower the resulting transverse force F (y) and associated friction forces of the mechanical bearing.

To optimize the wearing properties, the magnet width, ie the dimensions of the magnet series, should be selected 1 or of their individual magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d in y-direction, be as large as possible, because a large magnet width causes a large field strength, which leads to large load capacities. The height of the magnet, ie the dimensions of the magnet series or of their individual magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d in z-direction, should be as small as possible, because small magnet heights increase the rigidity of the load cell by bundling the field.

The height of the mounting rails 2a . 2 B should be as small as possible, a mounting rail height is less than 1/2 of the magnet height, because the field lines of the permanent magnets are bundled and thereby increases the rigidity of the magnetic support system.

The arrangement should be chosen so that the soft magnetic mounting rails 2a . 2 B in the state of equilibrium, in which the magnetic load F (z) is the same amount by loading the magnet series 1 with the door wing 5 caused gravitational force F _g is vertical unsymmetically around the magnetic series 1 lie and the magnet series 1 should be as continuous as possible to avoid cogging forces in the direction of movement, ie in the x-direction.

In 4 is a sectional view of a supervision of in 1a shown according to a section line AA carrying device according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention. It can be seen that the magnet series 1 from individual magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d consists, with alternating magnetization direction between the two laterally arranged mounting rails 2a . 2 B are arranged, which consist of a soft magnetic material. In this embodiment, in which the mounting rails 2a . 2 B form the fixed part of the support device according to the invention, the individual magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d for the formation of the magnet series 1 on the movable support carriage 4 attached and can between the rails 2a . 2 B be moved in the x and z directions. In a vertical displacement, ie, a displacement in the z direction to a small path, about 3-5 mm, from the zero position, ie the geometric symmetry position, resulting, due to the use of extremely strong permanent magnets, z. B. from Nd-Fe-B, a considerable restoring force, to support a sliding door leaf 5 with a weight of about 80 kg / m is suitable. In the in 4 shown arrangement in which the permanent magnets 1a . 1b . 1c . 1d with alternating magnetization direction between the two mounting rails 2a . 2 B are arranged, the field closure affects by the mounting rails 2a . 2 B at mutual magnetization direction of the adjacent magnets positively reinforcing from.

The 5 shows two drive segments of a first preferred embodiment of the invention preferably used drive system, here as a combined magnetic support and drive system, in a sectional plan view, in which the magnetic linear drive used in the invention on the magnet rows 1e . 1f acts on a support carriage, not shown 4 are attached. The two rows of magnets 1e . 1f each have alternately polarized individual magnets, wherein the polarities of the offset transversely arranged individual magnets of the two rows of magnets are rectified. Between the magnet rows 1e . 1f are coils 7 arranged so that a respective coil core 12 in the transverse direction, ie y-direction extends. On the coils 7 with coil cores 12 opposite side of the magnet series 1 There is one side area of the mounting rail 2d ,

To a continuous feed of the magnetic series 1 to ensure are the stator coils 7 with their respective coil cores 12 in different relative positions to the grid of the permanent magnets 1 . 1e . 1f arranged. The more different relative positions are formed, the more uniform the thrust can be realized over the travel. On the other hand, since each relative position is assigned to an electrical phase of a drive system required for the linear drive, as few electrical phases as possible should be used. Due to the available three-phase three-phase network is a three-phase system, as exemplified in 6 shown is very inexpensive to build.

In this case, there is a respective drive segment and thus a coil module of the linear drive unit of three coils 7a . 7b . 7c , which have an extension of three units of length in the drive direction, ie x-direction, ie, between centers of adjacent coil cores 12 a grid R _S = 1 unit of length is. The length of a magnet of the magnet series 1 in the drive direction and the length of between the individual magnets of the magnetic series 1 Lying here is chosen so that length of a magnet L _magnet + length of a gap L _gap = magnetic grid R _M = 3/4 length unit (= 3/4 R _S ).

6 shows the interconnection of the coils of 5 shown two drive segments of the invention preferably used linear drive unit. Here is a first coil 7a with a first spool core 12a connected between a first phase and a second phase of a three-phase three-phase system whose three phases are evenly distributed, so the second phase at 120 ° and a third phase at 240 °, when the first phase is at 0 °. The in positive drive direction, ie + x-direction, next to the first coil 7a with coil core 12a lying second coil 7b with coil core 12b a drive segment of the linear drive unit is connected between the second phase and the third phase and in the positive drive direction, ie + x-direction next to the second coil 7b with coil core 12b lying third coil 7c with coil core 12c is switched between the third phase and the first phase. In addition to such a drive segment of the linear drive unit lying drive segments of the linear drive unit are connected in the same way to the three phases of the three-phase system.

assigns one to the Polraster formed by the permanent magnets, analogous to Arrangement in a two-pole DC motor, phase angle to, Thus, the linear coil arrangements can be in a circular phase diagram depict. Since this is both magnetic as a driving effect the permanent magnets as well as electrically as control of the coils let interpret, This diagram shows the relationship between switching states and Drive effect uniformly described.

Such a circular phase diagram with drawn coils is shown in FIG 7 shown. Here, on the ordinate, the electric potential is given in V and on the abscissa the magnetic potential. A circle around the origin of this coordinate system, which represents a zero potential for both the electrical potential and the magnetic potential, represents the phase angles of the voltage applied to the respective coils, with a 0 ° phase position at the intersection of the circle with the positive ordinate and the phase is clockwise to a 90 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the south pole, a 180 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the negative ordinate, the minimum Voltage potential represents a 270 ° phase position in the intersection of the circle with the positive abscissa, which represents the magnetic potential of the north pole, to a 360 ° phase position, which is equal to the 0 ° phase position, in the intersection of the circle with the positive ordinate, which represents the maximum voltage potential changes.

As in 6 Shown is a relationship where the first coil 7a with magnetic core 12a between a 0 ° phase position and a 120 ° phase position, the second coil 7b with magnetic core 12b between a 120 ° phase position and a 240 ° phase position and the third coil 7c with magnetic core 12c lie between a 240 ° phase position and a 360 ° phase position. In three-phase operation, now the hands of these coils rotate in accordance with the alternating frequency of the three-phase current in the counterclockwise direction, in each case one of the electrical potential difference between the projected to the ordinate start and end points of the pointer corresponding voltage is applied to the coil.

In the magnetic interpretation of the phase diagram, a phase pass of 180 ° corresponds to a displacement of the rotor by the distance between the centers of two adjacent magnets, ie the magnetic grid R _M. Due to the alternating polarization of the magnets in the rotor, a pole change is carried out when shifting around the magnetic grid R _M. After a 360 ° phase pass, the clearance shift is two R _M. In this case, the magnets are again in the starting position relative to the grid R _{S of} the stator coils, comparable to a 360 ° rotation of the rotor of a two-pole DC motor.

For the electrical interpretation of the phase diagram, the ordinate is considered, on which the applied electrical voltage potential is shown. At 0 °, the maximum potential, at 180 °, the minimum potential and at 90 ° or 270 °, an average voltage potential. As before he The coils in the diagram are represented by arrows whose start and end points represent the contacts. The respectively applied coil voltage can be read off by projection of start and end point of the arrows on the potential axis. By the direction of the arrow, the current direction and thereby the magnetization direction of the coil is set.

Instead of a continuous sinusoidal voltage source, the phase diagram according to 7 For reasons of cost, a controller with a rectangular characteristic can also be used. In a corresponding phase diagram, the in 8th is shown, the rectangular characteristic is represented by switching thresholds. In this case, the phase connections can each assume the three states plus potential, minus potential and potential-free. The plus potential z. B. in a range between 300 ° and 60 ° and the negative potential in a range of 120 ° to 240 ° and the ranges between 60 ° and 120 ° and 240 ° and 300 ° represent the potential-free state in which the coils are not are connected. In rectangular voltage control, the more uneven thrust compared to sinusoidal control is disadvantageous.

Of course, it is still possible to build a large number of other coil configurations and potential distributions, for. B. the in 9 shown potential distribution, wherein a minimum potential of 0 V in a range between 105 ° and 255 °, a maximum potential of 24 V in a range of 285 ° to 75 ° and potential-free ranges of 75 ° to 105 ° and 255 ° to 285 ° exist.

The 10 shows a cross section of a first embodiment of a support and drive means of a sliding door according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.

A basically U-shaped housing 6 does not just have a floor 16 and two perpendicular to this side areas 17 on, with the mounting rails 2a . 2 B in the between ground 16 and edges formed in a respective side region are arranged, as in the case of FIG 1 shown schematic representation of the preferred embodiment of the invention used magnetic support device is the case, but has in the side areas 17 one slot each 18 on, creating a respective set screw 19 guided from outside to inside, by means of the respective support rail 2a . 2 B against an inside of a respective side wall 17 can be fixed after the respective support rail 2a . 2 B , by means of one of adjusting screws 20 existing height adjustment in the vertical direction, ie in the supporting direction z was set.

Next are outer edges of the side areas 17 ie the ground 16 facing edges, rails 23 provided on which on the support carriage 4 fixed horizontal guide rollers 24 and also on the support carriage 4 fixed vertical guide rollers 25 be able to walk. The horizontal guide rollers 24 and the parts of the rails 23 on which they run, forming the guide element according to the invention to ensure the specific gap-shaped distance between the means of fastening screws 22 rigid with the support carriage 4 connected magnet series 1e . 1f , The vertical guide rollers 25 pointing to one on the face of the side areas 17 running part of the rails 23 run, serve as a stop to limit the deflection of the support carriage 4 in negative support direction, so that the support carriage 4z , B. during assembly, if z. B. the carrying capacity is not yet by means of the adjusting screws 20 is set to a value adapted to a particular door, not too far in the direction of the housing bottom 16 is pulled, causing damage to the coils 7 , by means of mounting brackets 21 on the housing bottom 16 attached coil assembly 7 , could be done.

The coil arrangement comprises in addition to the individual coils 7 still horizontally lying, so in the transverse direction extending coil cores 12 whose end faces a pole side of the on the side walls 17 fixed mounting rails 2a . 2 B with their other pole side opposite arranged magnet rows 1e . 1f face.

Next is the support carriage 4 designed in the first embodiment of the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in three parts, wherein a central main element 4b is provided, on which both the door 5 as well as two page elements 4a . 4c are attached. On a respective side element 4a . 4c are each under one of the magnet rows 1e . 1f arranged horizontal rollers 24 and vertical rollers 25 attached. The page elements 4a . 4c can z. B. by means not shown screwed so rigidly with the central main element 4b be connected, that a game of the carriage 4a -c in relation to the side walls 17 of the housing 6 and thus also the respective particular gap-shaped spacing of the magnet rows 1e . 1f to the mounting rails 2a . 2 B is set.

The between the two on the support carriage 4 fixed movable magnet series 1e . 1f centered provided magnetic coils 7 with coil cores 12 can be energized according to the direction of travel.

Since those on the support carriage 4 attached magnet rows 1e . 1f through the guide element 3 off against the side areas 17 ongoing horizon talen guide rollers 24 attached to the side elements 4a . 4c are attached to the support carriage, in the horizontal direction with a certain distance between the support rails 2a . 2 B be forced, while they are in positive support direction and in the direction of travel of the door leaf 5 are freely displaceable, the lift to the magnet 1e . 1f acting transverse forces by the thus enforced symmetry according to the first preferred embodiment of the invention largely on. The carrying properties in the vertical direction correspond in principle to those associated with 1 described carrying device.

The 11 shows a cross section of a first embodiment of a support and drive means of a sliding door according to the preferred embodiment of the invention.

Unlike the in 10 shown here first two are perpendicular to the ground 16 standing reinforced side panels 17 provided, each one to the ground 16 adjacent milling 15 or notch, in each of which a laminated support rail 2c . 2d is included. By this configuration, the mounting rails 2c . 2d without further fastening means in the supporting direction of the housing 6 being held. An attachment in the transverse direction can, for. B. by means of a mounting plate 30 take place at which the connected to a package, z. B. by gluing, laminated mounting rails 2c . 2d are attached and that due to its adaptation to the ground 16 and the cutouts 15 of the housing 6 in the transverse direction is not displaced. The coil cores 12 can also be laminated, ie consist of individual sheets, as in the laminated carrier rails 2c . 2d , the propagation of it by moving the two rows of magnets 1c . 1d to prevent generated eddy currents.

Next are the two rows of magnets 1e . 1f instead of using fastening screws 22 by means of fastening rails 29 rigid with the support carriage 4 connected and the reinforced side areas 17 of the housing 6 have recesses 26 on where the vertical guide rollers 25 run, taking on the side areas 17 the projections 6a . 6b corresponding projections 17a . 17b are provided, the falling out of the support carriage from the housing 6 prevent. It should be noted that in the recesses 26 moving vertical guide rollers 25 during operation with an ideal adjustment of the load capacity neither through the recesses 26 generated boundary in negative supporting direction still need the limitation generated by this in the positive direction of support.

The support carriage consists here of a shape profile 4d where the magnet rows 1e . 1f , the horizontal guide rollers 24 and the vertical guide rollers 25 are attached and an associated U-profile 4e on which the door leaf 5 is suspended.

Next is a cladding around the case 28 provided within which also a circuit arrangement 27 is added to drive the linear drive unit.

1, 1e, 1f

magnet row

1a-d

magnet

2

supporting member

2a-d

rail

3

guide element

4, 4a-c

support carriage

4e

U-profile

5

door

6

casing

6a, 6b

projections

7, 7a-c

Kitchen sink

12 12a-d

Plunger

16

ground

15

milled

17

page range

17a, 17b

projections

18

Long hole

19

Set screw

20

adjustment

21

mounting brackets

22

fixing screw

23

runner

24

horizontal role

25

vertical role

26

recess

27

circuitry

28

paneling

29

mounting rail

30

mounting plate

Claims (12)

Sliding door with a magnetic support and drive system for at least one door leaf ( 5 ), with a linear drive unit, the two arranged in the drive direction magnet series ( 1e . 1f ) whose magnetization in its longitudinal direction at certain intervals changes the sign, and one of a plurality of individual coils ( 7 ) existing between the two rows of magnets ( 1e . 1f ) arranged coil arrangement, which with appropriate control of the individual coils ( 7 ) an interaction with the two magnet series ( 1e . 1f ), which causes the feed forces, and a carrying device, the two in attractive force with one of the two rows of magnets ( 1e . 1f ) standing on a respective side facing away from the coil arrangement of the respective magnet series ( 1e . 1f ) arranged ma gnetisable mounting rails ( 2a . 2 . 2c . 2d ) and a guide element ( 3 . 23 . 24 ) having a respective particular gap-shaped distance between a respective magnet row ( 1e . 1f ) and with this in attractive force bearing rail ( 2a . 2 B ) guaranteed. Sliding door according to claim 1, characterized in that the two magnet rows ( 1e . 1f ) are magnetized transversely to the supporting direction and to the drive direction. Sliding door according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the door leaf ( 5 ) on a multi-part support carriage ( 4 ) whose parts ( 4a -c) can be adjusted against each other to adjust a game of the sliding door. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the support element ( 2a . 2 B ) and the coil arrangement ( 7 ) stationary and two rows of magnets ( 1e . 1f ) are arranged spatially variable. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a vertical height adjustment device ( 18 . 19 . 20 ), by means of which the mounting rails ( 2a . 2 B ) are height adjustable in the supporting direction. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting rails ( 2a . 2 B . 2c . 2d ) are soft magnetic. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mounting rails ( 2c . 2d ) and / or coil cores ( 12 ) of the coil assembly are made of stacked sheets. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide element ( 3 ) Roll ( 24 ), Wälz- and / or sliding body comprises. Sliding door according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide element ( 3 ) at least one track ( 23 ), on the rollers ( 24 ), Rolling and / or sliding run. Sliding door according to claim 9, characterized in that the at least one running rail ( 23 ) and / or the roles ( 24 ), Rolling and / or sliding body made of plastic or partially made of plastic. Sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two rows of magnets ( 1e . 1f ) consist of one or more high-performance magnets, preferably rare-earth high-performance magnets, more preferably of the NeFeB or Sm ₂ Co type. sliding door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized that the sliding door as a curved sliding door or horizontal sliding wall is formed.