DE102004055598B3 - Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a tube bundle high-pressure heat exchanger for temperature control of a working medium, comprising a tempering, which is surrounded by a housing and two opposite end plates is limited, a tube bundle, which is received in the tempering, a first feeder for the working medium to be tempered, a first discharge device by means the working fluid can be removed, a second feed device for the Temmperiermedium, a second discharge device, with a temperature control can be removed from the temperature control.
To produce a structurally simple and therefore inexpensive tube bundle heat exchanger, it is proposed that at least in one end plate a series of precise holes for receiving tube ends of the tube bundle are formed, that each tube end is inserted into a bore and sealed therein that at least in a cover plate a or a plurality of flow spaces are provided with which one or more pipes can be fluidly connected to one another and that the two end plates are spatially fixed against each other.

Description

The The invention relates to a tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to the generic term of claim 1.

Tube bundle heat exchangers are well known. In this context, as a general state of the art on the DE 31 42 921 A1 , the DE 31 02 705 A1 , the DD 269 657 A1 , the DE 8 903 349 U1 , the DE 8 601 340 U1 , the DE 36 01 588 A1 and the JP 62158992 A pointed.

Alles these heat exchangers is common that a working medium to be tempered by a variety from to a tube bundle United pipes is passed, which of a tempering bathes become. Due to the temperature exchange, the working medium flowing through the tubes to the desired Temperature brought, so heated or cooled. The application area such shell and tube heat exchanger is extremely diverse.

One small area of application is the temperature control of working media in the field of polyurethane processing. So can the two components Isocyanate and polyol to the required temperature of, for example Tempered at 20 ° C become. In such an arrangement, in which the two working media each from a memory with the interposition of a high-pressure pump supplied to a mixing head and from there, depending on the operation of the mixing head again in the memory to be led back, is a heat exchanger in a conventional manner either in the return line to the material storage or between the material storage and arranged the high-pressure pump. The problem here is, however, that therefore the temperature control of the working media is not immediate performed before the mixing head can be because, for example, resulting from the operation of the pump Heat on the working medium is transferred which then in not desired Warmed way supplied to the mixing head becomes.

Out For this reason, there are already arrangements in which the heat exchanger between the high pressure pump and the mixing head interposed is. However, this section is driven in high-pressure operation, being pressures from 250 bar and above may occur. That's why it's for a heat exchanger, which is to be arranged in this area, required, special Withstand printing requirements. It must be a high pressure heat exchanger act. For this reason, some well-known types of heat exchangers, e.g. Plate heat exchanger, by design.

Already the use of tube bundle heat exchanger for this is known High pressure area, where usually the individual tubes are welded to end plates. These welding works are quite elaborate and costly, since they are only of highly specialized and specially qualified staff carried out and must be made individually.

task It is the object of the present invention to provide a shell and tube high pressure heat exchanger indicate that due to its simple structural design inexpensive and easy to assemble.

These The object is achieved by the features mentioned in claim 1.

One The essential idea of the present invention is the pipe ends the single tube of the tube bundle heat exchanger in perfect fit Insert holes in end plates and with a gasket across from the tempering, in which the tempering is located, seal. Are the two end plates set against each other, so are so that the tubes arranged between them are fixed and can - if at all - only in Move a minimum range in the axial direction. Due to the custom-fit Forming the hole in combination with the seal can also Pressure requirements of 250 bar and above are met. Total leave involved in this construction consuming welding the pipe ends avoid the end plate. The connection of the individual pipe interiors becomes Depending on the construction produced in one or both end plates. It can, depending on the embodiment of the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger be provided in a cover plate one or more flow spaces. The order and formation of the flow spaces depends on the intended leadership of the working medium as well as the tempering medium from. On individual options will be discussed below.

The Flow spaces in the End plates can be particularly by a variety of blind holes make, with the opening the blind hole to the outside environment sealed with plugs. Thus, the end plates are the am most complex to be machined workpieces of the entire workpiece. Indeed can also be a significant increase here by a corresponding increase in the number of units Price reduction can be achieved.

The determination of the end plates against each other can be done, for example, that they are supported in the direction of each other by the housing. For example, the housing, which is preferably formed in a cylindrical shape, are supported on corresponding seats of the end plates. Through the housing and the two end plates of the tempering is defined. The two end plates can be braced for example by the use of tie rods, which in one embodiment radially outside the tube housing, distribute over the outer circumference of the housing and extend parallel to the axis of the tube housing. The housing is usually sealed at the transition to the end plates, so that no temperature control can escape from the tempering to the outside environment.

Of course leave other possibilities for the Determining the end plates against each other. That's the way it is possible, the case and the end plates at their ends simply by means of each other to connect a variety of screws. Also it is possible in the end plates and the housing corresponding left and Provide right-hand thread so that the two end plates simultaneously and with the same sense of rotation and screwed parallel into the housing can be. The two end plates move during this screwing process towards each other, however, are not twisted relative to each other.

Also any other definitions of the end plates to each other Forming a sealed tempering medium together with the casing are natural possible.

Around to prevent the individual pipe ends in the holes possibly over moving the seal out are serving as stops in the bores Seats running, against which the individual tubes are not moved further in one direction can. Details can be found in the following embodiment.

following The invention is based on an embodiment of a tube bundle heat exchanger according to the invention and explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings show in:

1 FIG. 3: a perspective view of an assembled tube bundle high-pressure heat exchanger according to the invention, FIG.

2 a side view of the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to 1 .

3 : A sectional view of the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to section AA 4a .

4a and 4b : in each case views of the two end faces,

4c and 4d : in each case sectional views in section CC and BB after 2 through the two end plates,

5 a partial perspective sectional view of the end of the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger 1 and

6 : a detail section of the same end as in 5 ,

The present embodiment the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to the invention represents only an alternative of the invention, but is not intended limited since the invention also covers many other embodiments, those skilled in the art are skilled in the art.

The 1 shows a tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to the invention in a perspective view, with only the two end plates 12 and 14 , the interposed housing 16 , which is made in a cylindrical shape, as well as several tie rods 18 are shown.

As in the 5 and 6 For example, is seen sitting as a housing cylindrical tube 16 on each side on a corresponding cylindrical seat 42 the end plates 12 and 14 , In this way, the two end plates 12 and 14 fixed in the direction of each other and in the radial direction. The two end plates 12 and 14 form together with the housing 16 inside the temperature control room 15 out.

Radially outside the case 16 and distributed over the outer periphery are a plurality of tie rods 18 provided parallel to the axis of the housing 16 are aligned and the two end plates 12 and 14 with the interposition of the housing 16 clamp together. Each pull rod at each end extends through a hole in the end plate 12 respectively. 14 , In 1 are on the right side of the picture only the threads 20 the drawbar ends shown. Nuts are screwed onto these threads when fully assembled.

The present tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to 1 poses with its end plates 12 and 14 , the housing 16 and the drawbars 18 a very compact form.

Inside the case 16 - in the temperature control room 15 - are a variety of pipes 17 arranged as this particular from the 3 . 5 and 6 can be seen. The respective pipe ends are in holes 36 accurately recorded. In addition, seals between the outer surface of the pipe ends and the inner wall of the respective holes 40 provided, which the flow interior of each tube 17 opposite the temperature control room 15 caulk. Each of the holes 36 has egg nen designed as a stop, stepped seat 38 on, which prevents an axial displacement of the tube beyond a certain extent. Are the lengths of the pipes 17 , of the housing 16 and the tie rods 18 as well as the dimension of the end plates 12 and 14 or their holes matched, so the tubes can move only slightly in the axial direction in the assembled state. As in particular in 3 it can be seen, are the individual tubes 17 each exactly in the respective holes 36 plugged in and with the seals 40 sealed. The length of the tubes in relation to the seats 38 is chosen so that a very small clearance of, for example, 1 mm is possible. The seats 38 prevent, however, that the tubes move too much in the axial direction and, for example, leak out of the holes and thereby disengaged from the seals 40 come.

In the present embodiment are in both end plates 12 and 14 formed different flow spaces. The structural design of these flow spaces is now with reference to the 3 such as 4c and 4d be explained.

In the end plate 12 is through a variety of blind holes, which with plugs 22 are closed, a first flow space 32 formed, which also over the holes 36 in the connection plate 12 with a certain number of cooling tubes 17 communicates. These tubes are called tubes of the first kind below. On the opposite side, namely in the end plate 14 , is a single large and contiguous flow space for the working medium is formed, which all opening into this end plate tubes 17 connects with each other. Moreover, in the end plate 12 another, in the present case smaller flow space 31 formed the lower three tubes 17 connects with each other. These tubes are called tubes of the second kind below. This flow space is via a connection 29 accessible. The first larger flow space 32 however, there is a connection 27 accessible. The flow space 30 the end plate 14 is not accessible from outside.

In this construction, the flow path of the medium to be tempered by the tube bundle high pressure heat exchanger according to the invention as follows. The working medium flows over the connection 29 in the flow space 31 and from there into the three lower cooling tubes 17 second kind. In these three cooling pipes 17 second type, the working fluid flows towards the end plate 14 and is in the Temperierraum in which the tubes are flowed around by the temperature control, temperature influenced. At the bottom of the bottom three pipes 17 the working fluid flows into the flow space 30 and from there it is distributed in the other tubes 17 first kind, in turn, in the direction of the end plate 12 flows. On its way through the pipes, it is again influenced by temperature in the temperature control room by the temperature control medium. At the end of the pipes 17 the working fluid flows into the common flow space 32 and from there it can via the outlet serving as a drain 27 be dissipated.

This still remains to describe the leadership of the tempering. The temperature control can in various ways through the temperature 15 be directed. Present are in the end plate 14 two connections 24 and 25 arranged, which over further bores 33 ' . 33 " with the temperature control room 15 keep in touch. At one of the hole 33 ' is a spacer tube (not shown) connected, which with its other end in the end plate 12 empties. In this way, via the Temperiermediumanschlüsse 24 and 25 Temperature control medium in the area of the end plate 12 in the temperature control room 15 initiated, through the temperature control room 15 guided and in the area of the end plate 14 from the temperature control room 15 be removed.

Present are in the end plate 12 two plugs 28 ' and 28 " Arranged in the end plate 12 close provided and passing through them holes. Depending on requirements, these two holes can be used to connect the Temperiermediumsversorgung. So it is possible, for example, the connection 24 with a stopper, however, the stopper 28 ' replace with a connector. In this case, for example, via the instead of the sealing plug 28 ' provided connection piece the temperature control medium are supplied, which then via the connection 25 is discharged again. It is also possible - depending on the design of the flow spaces - in the end plates to initiate the working medium on one side of the tube bundle high-pressure heat exchanger and dissipate on the other side again. In this case, only one flow space must be provided on each of the two sides, which contains all the pipes 17 in terms of flow other links.

The present embodiment enables a very simple and cost-effective production of a corresponding tube bundle high-pressure heat exchanger. The most complex are the respective end plates 12 and 14 in production. However, a price reduction can be achieved by producing a corresponding number of end plates. Depending on the tempering then the other components, such as the length of the housing 16 , the length of the pipes 17 and the length of the tie rods are selected accordingly, so that a heat exchanger of a longer or shorter design can be produced. On the end plates 12 and 14 this has no influence.

When assembling only need the pipes 17 be plugged into the holes of a cover plate. Above it is the case 16 to evert, where appropriate, baffles are inserted. At the other end then the other end plate is postponed. Then the assembly must be assembled by inserting and attaching the tie rods to a compact unit. There is no longer any welding required, and even the high pressure requirements can be easily met with this arrangement.

10

Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger

12

First End plate

14

Second End plate

15

tempering

16

casing pipe

17

cooling pipe

18

drawbars

20

threaded head

22

sealing plug

24

Coolant connection plugs (Outflow)

25

Coolant connection plugs (Inflow)

26

nut

27

Working fluid connector plugs (Inflow)

28

sealing plug

29

Working fluid connector plugs (Outflow)

30

flow chamber

31

flow chamber

32

flow chamber

33 ', 33' '

Holes in the end plate 14

36

drilling for cooling tube

38

attack

40

poetry

42

receiving seat

44

poetry

Claims (17)

Tube bundle high-pressure heat exchanger for temperature control of a working medium comprising - a temperature control chamber ( 15 ), of a housing ( 16 ) and at the two opposite end faces in each case by an end plate ( 12 . 14 ) is limited, - a plurality of tubes ( 17 ) comprehensive tube bundle which in the tempering ( 15 ), - a first feeding device ( 27 ), with which a working medium to be tempered can be supplied to the tube bundle, - a first removal device ( 29 ), with which the working fluid can be removed from the tube bundle, - a second feeder ( 24 ), with which a temperature control medium the tempering ( 15 ) can be supplied, - a second discharge device ( 25 ), with which a temperature control medium from the temperature control room ( 15 ) can be removed, wherein the working medium and the temperature control medium moves in different flow spaces and thus are separated. characterized in that - at least in one of the end plates ( 12 . 14 ) a series of to the pipes ( 17 ) of the tube bundle precisely fitting holes ( 36 ) are formed for receiving the pipe ends, - that each pipe end in a bore ( 36 ) is inserted and sealed therein, - that at least in an end plate ( 12 . 14 ) one or more flow spaces ( 30 . 32 ) are provided, with which one or more tubes ( 17 ) can be connected to each other fluidically and - that the two end plates ( 12 . 14 ) are set spatially against each other. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that in both end plates ( 12 . 14 ) each have a series of precisely fitting, in particular the number of tubes corresponding holes ( 36 ) are formed for receiving the tube ends of the tube bundle and that in each end plate ( 12 . 14 ) one or more flow spaces ( 30 . 32 ) are provided, with which two or more tubes ( 17 ) can be connected to each other fluidically. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that as a housing ( 16 ) a substantially cylindrical tube is used, which at each end against a front end plate ( 12 . 14 ) is supported or connected to this. Rohrbündelhochdruckwärmetauscher after Claim 3, characterized in that the cylindrical tube on a correspondingly formed seat ( 42 ) on a cover plate ( 12 . 14 ) and in contrast with a seal ( 44 ) is sealed. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two end plates ( 12 . 14 ) by means of a series of tie rods ( 18 ) are braced against each other. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that the tie rods ( 18 ) each through holes in the two end plates ( 12 . 14 ). Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of tie rods ( 18 ) are provided, which radially outside the housing ( 16 ) and in the circumferential direction around the housing ( 16 ) are arranged distributed. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each bore ( 36 ) for receiving a pipe end serving as a stop seat ( 38 ), which an excessive axial displacement of the respective tube ( 17 ) in the hole ( 36 ) prevented. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each flow space ( 30 . 32 ) in a cover plate ( 12 . 14 ) are produced by one or a plurality of bag bores, wherein openings to the environment by plug ( 22 ) are sealed. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and discharge device ( 27 . 29 ) for the working medium to be tempered on the same end plate ( 12 ) are arranged, wherein the feeding device ( 27 ) via a first flow space in the end plate with a number of tubes ( 17 ) first type, and the discharge device ( 29 ) via a second flow space with the remaining tubes ( 17 ) of the second type, wherein the tubes of the first kind with the tubes of the second type through a flow space ( 30 ) in the opposite end plate ( 14 ) are connected. Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 10, characterized in that the tubes are U-shaped are the pipe ends in holes of a single end plate are taken up and the pipes themselves with their other ends at the opposite Support end plate, wherein the supply and discharge device for the to be tempered working fluid arranged on the same end plate are the feeder over a first flow space in the end plate with the pipe ends of the first kind in conjunction stands, and the discharge device via a second flow chamber communicates with the pipe ends of the second type. Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the supply and discharge device for the to be tempered working medium on different end plates are arranged, wherein the feeding device via a first flow space a first end plate communicates with the tubes, and the discharge device via a flow chamber in the second end plate communicates with the pipes. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply and discharge device ( 24 . 25 ) for the tempering medium on the same end plate ( 14 ) are arranged, wherein both the feed device and the discharge device through the end plate into the tempering ( 15 ). Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 13, characterized in that a means provided is to distribute the tempering medium over the entire width of the Provide tempering. Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 14, characterized in that one end of a spacer tube with the feeder or with the discharge device flow-connected is, and the other end of the distance pipe in the area of the opposite Plate flows into the temperature control room, so that the tempering on its way through the entire tempering. Shell and tube high-pressure heat exchanger according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the supply and discharge device for the Temperature control medium are arranged on different end plates, with both the feeder as well as the discharge device through the respective end plate into the temperature control room extend. Tubular high-pressure heat exchanger according to claim 16, characterized in that means is provided for distributing the tempering medium over the entire width of the tempering gray to provide with.