DE102004041815A1 - Process and apparatus for the evaporation of liquid fuels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for the evaporation of liquid fuel (O) comprising the following steps: DOLLAR A a) providing a reactor (8) with a means (1) received therein for increasing the internal surface, DOLLAR A b) supplying liquid fuel (O) and oxygen-containing gas (L) in the reactor (8), DOLLAR A c) performing an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing gas (L) and the evaporating liquid fuel (O), wherein the liquid fuel (O) is only partially oxidized, and DOLLAR A d) removing the product formed during the exothermic reaction from the reactor (8).

Description

The The invention relates to a method and apparatus for evaporation from liquid fuel.

To The prior art is known from WO 00/06948 a method for Vaporizing liquid fuel according to the principle the cold flame ". Under the "principle the cold flame "becomes one partial exothermic oxidation of hydrocarbons at atmospheric Pressure at a temperature in the range of 300 to 500 ° C understood. at This exothermic reaction is stored about 10 to 15% of the chemical energy released. The reaction according to the "principle of the cold flame" does not happen Training a visible flame.

at the method known from WO 00/06948 are liquid fuel and air are passed into a reactor, either electrically or by recirculation hot Gases is heated. The implementation of the proposed method has in practice in many cases Regard as problematic.

Around the reaction volume enclosed by the reactor evenly one for implementation keeping the exothermic reaction suitable temperature is a high equipment and control engineering effort required. In practice, it has been shown that the temperature due to In the reaction volume forming flows are not homogeneous over the Reaction volume is distributed. To counteract this is after In the prior art, the energy released in a reaction zone attributed to areas in which the fuel is still in liquid Form is present.

apart of which it may be in the reaction volume to local overheating and thus to ignition of the mixture and to the explosion of the reactor.

task The invention is to the disadvantages of the prior art remove. It is intended in particular a method and a device be specified, with the simplest, most secure and inexpensive Way an evaporation and exothermic reaction on the principle of cold Flame feasible are. About that In addition, with the device, the implementation of the method of "partial oxidation" should be possible.

These The object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 19. Advantageous embodiments result from the features of claims 2 to 18 and 20 to 33.

• a) Bereitstellen eines Reaktors mit einem darin aufgenommenen Mittel zur Erhöhung der inneren Oberfläche,
• b) Zuführen von Flüssigbrennstoff und sauerstoffhaltigem Gas in den Reaktor,
• c) Durchführen einer exothermen Reaktion zwischen dem sauerstoffhaltigen Gas und dem verdampfenden Flüssigbrennstoff, wobei der Flüssigbrennstoff lediglich teilweise oxidiert wird und
• d) Abführen des bei der exothermen Reaktion gebildeten Produkts aus dem Reaktor.

According to the invention, a method for the evaporation of liquid fuel is provided with the following steps:

• a) providing a reactor having a means for increasing the inner surface received therein,
• b) supplying liquid fuel and oxygen-containing gas into the reactor,
• c) performing an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing gas and the evaporating liquid fuel, wherein the liquid fuel is only partially oxidized and
• d) removing the product formed during the exothermic reaction from the reactor.

Under a "reactor For the purposes of the present invention, a container understood that a free Enclosing volume.

It may be, for example, a cylindrical tube.

To An essential aspect of the invention is a means in the reactor to increase the inner surface added. The inventively provided Means to increase the inner surface contributes to an increase the effective thermal conductivity and / or the volumetric heat exchange coefficient in the reactor. As a result, a reactor surrounded and heated to a predetermined temperature reaction volume in Reactor everywhere, i.e. also transverse to a flow direction, almost homogeneous at a suitable temperature for carrying out the be kept exothermic reaction. That in the exothermic reaction in addition to the released energy resulting product, eg. B. a mixture from vaporized and partially chemically converted liquid fuel and air, is particularly homogeneous.

at the exothermic invention Reaction is a reaction without ignition and Training a visible, open flame expires. It is the liquid fuel only partially oxidized. It may be that already a pre-reacted Mixture fed to the reactor or a partially reacted mixture is discharged from the reactor. For this purpose can suitable means for producing a prereacted mixture or for continuation the reaction of a partially reacted mixture before the reactor / or be downstream. The heat generated in the exothermic reaction is z. T. transferred to the reactor. This serves u.a. as a heat storage. In a suitable process management it is only necessary to start the exothermic reaction.

at the exothermic reaction in the context of the present invention can it is an exothermic reaction according to the "cold flame principle". After a advantageous embodiment of the method, the temperature is in the The reactor is controlled so that a lower temperature limit of 220 ° C is not and an upper temperature limit of 600 ° C is not exceeded. The air ratio λ one out the liquid fuel and the mixture containing oxygen-containing gas may be any Accept values. The air ratio λ is it's about the relationship between the actual existing and theoretically required for complete combustion Air volume. Using the proposed scheme, a exothermic reaction according to the "principle the cold flame "continuously carried out become.

To an alternative procedure the temperature in the reactor expediently so that a lower temperature limit of 600 ° C is not and an upper temperature limit of 1500 ° C is not exceeded. After a Another embodiment, the air ratio λ is one of the liquid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas formed mixture <1. Using The proposed scheme may have an exothermic reaction after Principle of "partial Oxidation "continuously carried out become.

The Both aforementioned alternative process variants can advantageously be performed in one and the same device. Besides that is it is possible to modulate the performance of the device in a wide range. - The aforementioned temperature ranges apply to atmospheric Print. In case of a change the print parameter is the specified temperature window accordingly adapt.

advantageously, the liquid fuel is at most to 90%, preferably at most to 50%, oxidized. This allows z. B. a subsequent Combustion of the vaporized mixture.

To Another design feature is the liquid fuel at the entrance atomized into the reactor. This can be done upstream of the reactor have a mixing section in which a from the atomized liquid fuel and the oxygen-containing gas formed mixture is produced. In the mixing section can Means for fluid mechanics Stabilization be included. It may be flow baffles and the like. act. This ensures that in a large modulation range ensures a homogeneous mixture formation in the mixing section is. The mixture is by the proposed means for fluid mechanical Stabilization always generated and homogenized within the mixing section.

The used in the reactor means for increasing the inner surface serves also to the reaction zones in the reactor over a wide modulation range relative to the axial extent of the reactor in a given Keep the area stationary. This allows over the entire modulation range always an evaporation product with predetermined properties getting produced.

When Means for fluid mechanics Stabilization, for example, an air nozzle for the entry of air in the mixing section be provided with a swirl generator. It can be generated with a twisted or untwisted free jet. Further, an exit diameter of the air nozzle and a distance of the air nozzle to the center to increase the inner surface be varied. Through the free jet is within the mixing section causes a recirculation of energy and chemical radicals. As a result, the occurring in the mixing section reactions in a wide modulation range be held stationary. The means for increasing the inner surface causes So a determination of certain reaction zones within the reactor. The boundaries of the reaction zones hang from the power with which the device is operated. Dependent on of the modulation range they vary within a given range axial area. By the means of increasing the inner surface is but ensure that the reaction zones as such are above the entire modulation range and thus always the predetermined evaporation product is generated.

To In another embodiment, the reactor before the step lit. heated b. The preheating of the reactor is the start and / or the Maintaining the exothermic reaction. For this purpose, the reactor for example, by burning one from the liquid fuel and the mixture containing the oxygen-containing oxidizing agent be preheated. In this case, the mixture is adjusted that combustion can take place. Once the reactor is at operating temperature is, the combustion is stopped. Subsequently, then a mixture from liquid fuel and oxygen-containing gas without the formation of a visible Flame exothermic partially oxidized in the reactor and thus evaporated. By the heat released in the exothermic reaction is the means of increase the inner surface expediently heated.

According to a further embodiment feature, the reactor is heated with an electric heating element. Such a heating element is used in particular when starting the reactor for starting the exothermic reaction. If, during operation of the reactor, excessive cooling of the reactor occurs, then heat can be supplied again by means of the electrical heating element. However, it is also possible, for example, to recirculate the hot product leaving the reactor and to use it for heating the reactor. Of course, instead of the product, it is also possible to recirculate hot exhaust gases which are formed, for example, by combustion of the product. For this purpose, a chamber may be provided downstream of the reactor, from which a recirculation line branches off to recirculate the product. Similarly, the reactor may also be followed by a burner having a combustion chamber from which a recirculation line branches off to recirculate hot exhaust gases. Such recirculation lines may be connected, for example, to the aforementioned mixing section. The oxygen-containing gas may also be heated indirectly via a heat exchanger which is heated with the hot exhaust gases or the hot product.

To Another embodiment may also be that as a heating element the means of increase the inner surface is used. In this case, the means of increasing the inner surface expediently designed as a resistance heating element. It can do this, for example made of metal, silicon carbide or the like.

To In a further embodiment, it is also possible, the reactor by hot gas to heat. Such gas can be a waste product of another Be a process.

The Temperature of the reactor may conveniently by increasing or Lowering the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas supplied be managed. It is also possible that Temperature of the reactor by increasing or decreasing the Mass flow of the oxygen-containing gas through the reactor to regulate. In these cases can u. U. waived a heating element for heating the reactor become.

When oxygen-containing gas can be air and as liquid fuel hydrocarbons, preferably light fuel oil or diesel. Basically suitable for carrying out the exothermic Reaction according to the "principle the cold flame "and / or the "partial Oxidation "any oxygen-containing gas in conjunction with all oxidizable hydrocarbon-containing Fuels.

The Means to increase the inner surface is expediently a flow-through, porous Medium and can be selected from the following group: Porous body, z. B. with a foam structure made of ceramic or metal, static mixer, wire or Fasergewirk, tube arrangement, bulk, Arrangement of perforated plates. Conveniently, the means for increase the inner surface from a ceramic, a glass, a binder or metal produced. In any case, the means of increasing the inner surface an agent that is temperature resistant. It may be that the means of increase the inner surface provided with a catalytic coating.

The Means to increase the inner surface is expediently received in a cylindrically shaped reactor housing. It is in everyone Case designed so that a flow through the reactor of an inlet to an outlet possible is and released at the same time in the exothermic reaction Heat too their further maintenance effectively by the means to increase internal surface is stored.

To further requirement of the invention is a device for the evaporation of liquid fuel provided with a reactor in which a means of increasing the inner surface a means for supplying liquid fuel and oxygenated Gas in the reactor, and a means of regulating the temperature of the reactor such that an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing Gas and the evaporating liquid fuel so feasible is that the liquid fuel only partially oxidized.

The proposed device is simple and inexpensive to produce. By carrying out the reaction in a reactor in which a medium to increase the inner surface provided is safer and more reliable an unwanted ignition of the Mixture to form a free, visible flame in the reactor be avoided. Apart from that, by the means of to increase the inner surface created additional Heat capacity sufficient Heat in Be stored reactor, so that the exothermic reaction without More can be maintained.

Conveniently, the temperature in the reactor can be controlled with the means for controlling that a lower temperature limit of 220 ° C is not undershot and an upper temperature limit of 1500 ° C is not exceeded. Thus, the temperature in the reactor on the one hand, for example, in a temperature range of 220 ° C to 600 ° C are kept constant, so that in this temperature range, an exothermic reaction according to the principle of "cold Flam On the other hand, it is also possible to keep the reactor at a temperature in the range from 600 to 1500 ° C., so that a "partial oxidation" of the supplied mixture takes place in this temperature range With the control it is possible to operate the device either on the principle of the "cold flame" in a first temperature range or according to the principle of "partial oxidation" in a second temperature range For this purpose, only a single constructive embodiment of the device is necessary, and it is suitable for carrying out both of the abovementioned method variants.

advantageously, is a means of atomising of the liquid fuel intended. Thus, a particularly homogeneous mixture can be produced. The Vaporized product made from it is also particularly homogeneous.

To Another embodiment is a means for supplying hot gases provided to the reactor. It may be the product discharged from the reactor or also exhaust gases from a downstream combustion process or other hot Exhaust gases act.

To In an advantageous embodiment, a device for injecting of the liquid fuel be provided under a pressure in the range of 3 to 100 bar. A variation of the pressure allows an operation of the device with a predetermined power. Especially In the area of low performance, it has proved expedient that a means for injecting the liquid fuel with a predetermined Clock frequency is provided. The remedy can be fast closing Valves act. Such valves can with a frequency in the Range from 5 to 70 Hz. The amount of injected liquid fuel can through the closing time controlled such valves.

To a further embodiment, is an electric heating element for Heating the reactor provided. It can be a the Reactor surrounding heating coil or the like act. Furthermore, can a means for heating the supplied oxygen-containing gas be provided. The means for supplying may further include a fan for supplying the oxygen-containing gas into the reactor. The means to Heating the supplied oxygen-containing gas, for example, integrated into the fan and also consist of heating coils through which the oxygen-containing Gas guided becomes.

Conveniently, Furthermore, at least one sensor for measuring the in the reactor prevailing temperature provided. It can be a conventional one Act thermocouple. Of course it is also possible along of the flow path to provide several sensors for measuring the temperature. This is a refined control of the temperature prevailing in the reactor and / or the setting of a given temperature profile along the flow path possible in the reactor.

To In another embodiment, the means controls the temperature dependent on the temperature values measured by the sensor based on a predetermined algorithm, the performance of the electric heating element and / or the means for heating the supplied oxygen-containing gas and / or the blower. To The means of regulating the temperature can be a conventional one Control with a microprocessor, which includes the scheme the temperature according to one predetermined control algorithm causes.

The Means to increase the inner surface is expediently made from one of the following materials: ceramic, glass, Binder, metal. Furthermore, the means of increasing the inner surface selected from the following group his: pore body, z. As foam or sponge, wire or Fasergewirk or -knit or -braid, tube arrangement, bulk, Arrangement of perforated plates and the like.

following is an embodiment of Invention with reference to the drawing explained. Here in demonstrate:

1 a schematic view of a device according to the invention,

2 according to the pore body 1 as well as the prevailing in the pore body in the exothermic reaction temperature profile and

3 a reactor and the prevailing in the reactor in an exothermic reaction temperature profile.

In 1 is a pore body 1 shown, for example, made of a porous ceramic, a porous metal, a wire mesh or the like. The pore body 1 has a communicating pore space, so that thereby a mixture of air L and vaporized or partially vaporized liquid fuel O existing mixture can flow through. The pore body 1 can for example - as in 1 is shown - cylindrical and executed in a (not shown here) correspondingly formed housing or reactor aufgenom men be. The reactor may conventionally have an inlet for the air L as well as the liquid fuel O or also a common inlet for a premixture formed from the air L and the liquid fuel O. For unloading the in the pore body 1 formed product, the reactor in a conventional manner an outlet (not shown here). To generate a suitable flow rate through the porous body 1 is a fan 2 provided, which with a heating device 3 is provided. With 4 is a pump referred to, with the liquid fuel O through a nozzle provided thereon (not shown here) in the free volume in front of the porous body 1 can be sprayed in atomized form.

The Air L can by a suitably designed feeder, z. B. by means of an air nozzle, guided in the free volume such become, which forms a free jet.

By appropriate measures and installations in the air supply, it is also possible to form this free jet as a twisted free jet. The fuel supply takes place in the vicinity of the axis of the free jet by atomization of the liquid fuel by means of a centrally disposed nozzle, whereby a very large surface area of the fuel is generated and intensive mixing of the fuel takes place with the air. In the upstream free volume recirculation flows are caused by the free jet whose size, inter alia, by the ratio of reactor diameter to the diameter of the air outlet and by the distance between the air outlet and the pore body 1 is determined. Through these measures, a virtually stationary stabilization of the evaporation process and of any existing chemical reactions between the liquid fuel O and the air L is achieved.

A heating element shown schematically here 5 can the pore body 1 surround. The heating element 5 can of course also surround the reactor. It may also be that the means for increasing the inner surface itself is designed as a resistance heating element.

The pore body 1 is also with a thermocouple 6 to measure the temperature prevailing therein. The thermocouple 6 is with a control unit 7 connected. The control unit 7 serves to control the temperature of the pore body 1 , The control unit 7 can do this with the blower 2 , the heater 3 , the pump 4 and the heating element 5 be connected. With the control unit 7 For example, one or more of the aforementioned temperature control components may be controlled according to a predetermined algorithm such that the temperature of the porous body 1 For example, in a range of 360 to 400 ° C is kept constant. In this case, the temperature of the pore body 1 be influenced by the temperature of the supplied air L, which by means of the heater 3 is adjustable. It can also be influenced by the flow velocity through the pore body 1 flowing air L, which by means of the blower 2 can be influenced. Finally, it is possible the temperature of the pore body 1 by means of the heating element 5 to increase. By means of the pump 4 can be the amount of the supplied liquid fuel O and thus adjust the mixture composition and the temperature in the pore body or reactor advantageously.

2 shows again the in 1 shown pore body 1 and an example of one along this pore body 1 in forming the exothermic reaction forming temperature profile.

3 shows a reactor made for example of a metal or ceramic tube 8th in which the pore body 1 is included. Upstream of the pore body 1 there is a mixing section 9 in which an air supply nozzle 10 and a liquid fuel supply nozzle 11 lead. A distance of an outlet cross section of the air supply nozzle 10 to the downstream downstream pore body 1 is with S and an outlet cross-section of the air supply nozzle 10 denoted by d. Instead of the air supply nozzle 10 and the liquid fuel nozzle 11 It is also possible to use two-substance nozzles and the like.

For carrying out the method according to the invention, for example, air L of a first temperature T1 of 300 ° C and liquid fuel O in the pore body 1 upstream mixing section 9 guided. As a result, vaporization of the liquid fuel O in the air L and at a sufficiently high temperature results in the use of chemical reactions causing partial oxidation of the liquid fuel O. It forms a temperature profile in the free volume of the mixing section 9 which allows a local assignment of the processes of evaporation and energy release by partial exothermic oxidation. The local fixation is determined primarily by the characteristics of the recirculation and fuel injection. The energy released in the partial oxidation supports the evaporation process, so that the air inlet temperature can be significantly lowered after the starting process. Depending on the residence times in the reactor 8th is a temperature increase across the axial extent of the reactor 8th determine, however, the gradient of the temperature rise becomes after admission in the pore body 1 significantly reduced. At the same time the pore body causes 1 in that temperature deviations transverse to the flow direction are kept within a relatively narrow range. The maximum temperature is limited at the designated as a cold flame oxidation of hydrocarbon fuels to about 500 ° C. In principle, it is possible in the reactor 8th or a subsequent reaction space to carry out the generally described as partial oxidation of fuels chemical reaction and thus to achieve temperatures that are above the cold flame temperature and λ <1 are limited in their maximum by the oxygen supply.

Through the front, in and after the pore body 1 When chemical reactions take place, energy is released which causes the reactor to heat up 8th and the trapped volume. Due to the material properties of the pore body 1 In this case, inhomogeneities in the temperature field are quickly compensated for and, overall, a homogeneous temperature is achieved in the pore body 1 , This also happens in interaction with the through the pore body 1 caused homogenization of the flow in the reactor 8th ,

The product formed in the exothermic reaction, z. As a consisting of air L and liquid fuel O steam and product gases, is at the exit of the pore body 1 discharged.

Like from the 2 and 3 it can be seen, prevails essentially over the entire volume of the pore body 1 a homogeneous temperature distribution. As a result, the exothermic reaction according to the "principle of the cold flame" or the "partial oxidation" can be performed particularly homogeneous. That the pore body 1 leaving product has hardly Konzentrationsfluctuationen. The pore body 1 acts like a heating element, which generates a constant reaction temperature in the entire reaction volume. Local overheating or undesired cooling in the reaction volume is achieved by the use of the porous body proposed according to the invention 1 avoided.

The proposed method and the device can be easily handle. They are inexpensive available. The proposed device leaves yourself with conventional Components, e.g. As burners, chemical plants, engines and the like. combine easily.

The device can be operated not only in the aforementioned operation on the principle of "cold flame", but also in the further operation of the "partial oxidation". For this it is only necessary, the tempera ture in the reactor 8th in a range of 600 to 1500 ° C. The "partial oxidation" reaction is different from the "cold flame" reaction. The "partial oxidation" is an oxidation reaction with a complete disintegration of the CH chains to produce hydrogen (H ₂ ) and carbon monoxide (CO). On the other hand, the reaction according to the "cold flame" principle only leads to a disintegration of the long CH chains.

The proposed according to the invention Device can without constructive change in both modes operate. This is a particularly high modulation of performance the device possible. The device according to the invention is suitable in particular for the operation of burners with a high power modulation.

1

porous body

2

fan

3

heating

4

pump

5

heating element

6

thermocouple

7

control unit

8th

reactor

9

mixing section

10

air supply nozzle

11

liquid fuel nozzle

d

diameter the outlet section

L

air

O

LPG

S

distance

T1

first temperature

T2

second temperature

Claims (33)

Process for the evaporation of liquid fuel (F) comprising the following steps: a) providing a reactor ( 8th ) with a means ( 1 ) for increasing the inner surface, b) supplying liquid fuel (O) and oxygen-containing gas (L) into the reactor ( 8th c) carrying out an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing gas (L) and the evaporating liquid fuel (O), wherein the liquid fuel (O) is only partially oxidized and d) discharging the product formed in the exothermic reaction from the reactor ( 8th ). The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature in the Reactor is regulated so that a lower temperature limit of 220 ° C not below and an upper temperature limit of 600 ° C is not exceeded. The method of claim 1, wherein the Tempe is controlled in the reactor so that a lower temperature limit of 600 ° C is not undershot and an upper temperature limit of 1500 ° C is not exceeded. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the air ratio λ of a from the liquid fuel (O) and the oxygen-containing gas (L) formed mixture <1. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid fuel (O) at most to 90%, preferably at most to 50%, is oxidized. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid fuel (O) on entering the reactor ( 8th ) is atomized. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor ( 8th ) before step lit. b is heated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor ( 8th ) is preheated by combustion of a mixture formed from the liquid fuel (O) and the oxygen-containing gas (L). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor ( 8th ) is heated by the heat released in the exothermic reaction. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor ( 8th ) with an electric heating element ( 5 ) is heated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein used as a heating element, the means for increasing the inner surface becomes. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the reactor ( 8th ) is heated by supplying a hot gas. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the reactor ( 8th ) is controlled by increasing or decreasing the temperature of the oxygen-containing gas (L) supplied. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the temperature of the reactor ( 8th ) is controlled by increasing or decreasing the mass flow of the oxygen-containing gas (L). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein as the oxygen-containing gas air (L) and as liquid fuel (O) hydrocarbons, preferably light fuel oil or diesel. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid fuel (O) depending a given power with a pressure in the range of 3 to 100 bar is injected. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the liquid fuel (O) is injected at a predetermined clock frequency. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the means of increase the inner surface selected from the following group becomes: pore body, static mixers, wire or fiber knit or braid, Tubing, bulk, Arrangement of perforated plates. Device for evaporating liquid fuel (O) with a reactor ( 8th ), in which a means ( 1 ) is added to increase the inner surface, a means ( 4 . 2 ) for supplying liquid fuel (O) and oxygen-containing gas (L) into the reactor ( 8th ), and a means ( 7 ) for controlling the temperature of the reactor such that an exothermic reaction between the oxygen-containing gas (L) and the evaporating liquid fuel (O) is practicable so that the liquid fuel (O) is only partially oxidized. Apparatus according to claim 19, wherein said means ( 7 ) for controlling the temperature in the reactor ( 8th ) is adjustable so that a lower temperature limit of 220 ° C is not undershot and an upper temperature limit of 1500 ° C is not exceeded. Device according to one of claims 19 to 20, wherein so that the air ratio λ of a from the liquid fuel (O) and the oxygen-containing gas (L) formed mixture <1. Device according to one of claims 19 to 21, wherein a means for atomising of the liquid fuel (O) is provided. Device according to one of claims 19 to 22, wherein an electrical heating element ( 5 ) for heating the reactor ( 8th ) is provided. Device according to one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the heating element the means of increasing the inner surface is. Apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 24, wherein means for supplying hot gases to Reactor ( 8th ) is provided. Device according to one of claims 19 to 25, wherein a means ( 3 ) is provided for heating the supplied oxygen-containing gas (L). Device according to one of claims 19 to 26, wherein the means for supplying the oxygen-containing gas (L) is a blower ( 2 ). Device according to one of claims 19 to 27, wherein at least one sensor ( 6 ) for measuring in the reactor ( 8th ) prevailing temperature is provided. Device according to one of claims 19 to 28, wherein the means ( 7 ) for controlling the temperature as a function of the sensor ( 6 ) measured temperature values on the basis of a predetermined algorithm, the performance of the electric heating element ( 5 ) and / or the agent ( 3 ) for heating the supplied oxygen-containing gas (L) and / or the blower ( 2 ) controls. Device according to one of claims 19 to 29, wherein a device for injecting the liquid fuel is provided under a pressure in the range of 3 to 100 bar. Device according to one of claims 19 to 30, wherein a means for injecting the liquid fuel is provided with a predetermined clock frequency. Device according to one of claims 19 to 31, wherein the means to increase the inner surface is made of one of the following materials: ceramic, glass, Binder, metal. Device according to one of claims 19 to 32, wherein the means to increase the inner surface selected from the following group is: pore body, static mixers, wire or fiber knit or braid, Tube arrangement, bed, arrangement of perforated plates.