DE102004040155A1 - Linear guiding device, has bearing axle communicating with supply-canal system that supplies bearing liquid to form hydrostatic liquid film, and recycling connection is provided to enable recycling of collected liquid for pressure generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The device has a guiding unit (1) with a rail (3) from a guiding carriage (15) that exhibits a bearing axle at its inner surface. The axle communicates with a supply-canal system to supply bearing liquid to form a hydrostatic liquid film. A collecting device (47) is fixed to the rail and to the carriage. The bearing liquid is provided with a recycling connection (48) to enable recycling of the collected liquid for a pressure generator.

Description

The The invention relates to a linear guide device with hydrostatic bearing, with at least one guide unit, the one guide rail contains the one under execution a working movement along the guide rail displaceable carriages is embraced like a rider, the at least the guide rail facing inner surface a storage bag having, passing through the carriage Feed channel system communicates, over the pressurized storage fluid supplied by a pressure generator supplied is to move between carriages and guide rail one the carriage to form bearing hydrostatic bearing liquid film.

Around linear guides to realize exist basically more options. Much widespread are systems where for the storage of the movable guide carriage Rolling Bearing be used. However, these have a relatively bad Damping behavior so that the building of vibrations is favored, which is disadvantageous on the guidance accuracy and affects the smoothness. Also widely used are hydrodynamic Bearings in which the carriage slides on a lubricant, the lubricant film by the drag effect of the moving sliding surface comes about. High driving forces for the displacement of the carriage are therefore necessary because the guide works in mixed friction.

In contrast, based on hydrostatic bearing principle linear guides have the advantage of high damping and a very low displacement. Examples of hydrostatic linear guide devices of the type mentioned can be found in CH-PS 504 929 and in the DE 35 42 680 A1 , Here, a hydrostatic bearing liquid film is built up between a linearly extending guide rail and a guide carriage which is adjustably mounted thereon, in that a plurality of bearing pockets formed on the inner surface of the guide carriage are supplied under constant pressure under bearing pressure. The storage fluid is usually oil. The necessary pressure is supplied by a suitable pressure generator, for example a hydraulic pump or a pneumatic-hydraulic converter. A disadvantage of the previously known types of such hydrostatic linear guide devices is the lack of flexibility in construction and consequently in the coverable applications and, above all, the oil contamination in the vicinity of the linear guide device, which can only be countered by placing the entire linear guide device in a collecting tray, in which the storage liquid drips. Here, however, large parts of the equipped with the linear guide device machine are contaminated with oil and the oil is extensively mixed with impurities, which requires complex filtering measures to prepare the oil for reuse as storage liquid.

It The object of the present invention is a linear guide device to provide with hydrostatic bearing of the type mentioned, which when reducing the additional required mechanical engineering work more universal and more economical can be used.

to solution This task is the respective guide unit of the linear guide device directly with a catcher for the from the bearing gap between guide rail and carriages escaping storage fluid fitted to the guide rail and / or on the carriage is fixed and along the guide rail extends, and the at least one returning the collected storage liquid to the pressure generator enabling Return port assigned.

therefore is the lead unit designed as a compact assembly, in which not only the guide rail and the carriage, but in addition also a collecting device with return connection for the leaked bearing liquid is integrated. The while the operation of the guide unit constantly from the bearing gap escaping storage fluid is practically immediate collected at the place of origin, so that neighboring machine components not contaminated and also the contamination of the storage liquid even reduced to a minimum or completely excluded. The latter allows the renouncement of costly procurement and maintenance and regeneration facilities for the storage liquid. at Need can however in the between the return connection and the feedback produced by the pressure generator easy to clean Filtering means are turned on. Anyway, that's a great way to be simply an operation with a closed storage liquid circuit realize using only a small amount of storage liquid. By the catcher is part of the leadership unit, has the Designer of a machine equipped with the linear guide device should be, no special external measures for the treatment of escaping storage fluid provided. The design effort in the realization of a Machine having a one or more guide units having linear guide device equipped, thus remains low, which is the appeal for use the technically very advantageous hydrostatic Storage significantly improved.

By the structure of the invention is the linear guide device advantageous in the context of a modular system very flexible application specific configurable. Thereby can effortlessly use cases be covered in which the horizontally oriented guide rail standing (upper storage area the guide rail after pointing up), hanging (upper storage area of the guide rail pointing down) or sideways (upper storage area the guide rail oriented horizontally to the side). Also a company with vertical longitudinal alignment is possible. Several guide units can be combined as needed by their carriages forming a carriage, for example a machine carriage, in connection with parallel installed guide rails be coupled with each other motion. The carriage can as needed consist of a single car unit or several consecutive switched and forming a motion unit with each other coupled carriage units be composed.

advantageous Further developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

Out current view most suitable for use as a guide rail becomes a cross-section T-like Profile element viewed. It can be simple and precise with its skirting board attached to a machine provided for example support structure become. The carriage slides at the preferred one piece trained with the baseboard, For example, plate-like bearing section, the baseboard surmounted laterally. The baseboard is also particularly suitable for fastening the collecting device, so that an optimal reaching under the bearing portion of the guide rail as well as the carriage for the purpose of catching downflowing storage liquid guaranteed can be.

The Profile design of the guide rail can to a T-profile in the true sense, so with in cross section Orient rectangular bearing section. However, it is conceivable, for example also shapes in which the bearing section prismatic, dovetailed or with oblique Under grips accomplished is.

The Collecting device is preferably designed so that at least one along the guide rail extending collecting channel, which the exiting storage fluid fields. It can be in the area of one or both end faces of the guide rail pass into at least one return port, the one to the return to Pressure generator for the purpose of reuse as storage fluid allows.

Of the Return port is conveniently located on a preferably box-like trained connection part, which, preferably releasably, on a front plate is fixed, which is fixed to the front side of the guide rail. According to the respective local Conditions may be an individually adapted connection part the respective end plate are attached. Are several leadership units arranged adjacent to each other, the connecting parts can be fluidic be linked together to connect with a single if necessary Return line at the same time several guide units with regard to the leaked storage liquid.

Especially if the leadership unit for one Operation with horizontal and thereby standing guide rail is designed, the carriage so from above on the guide rail two are the guide rail on opposite sides flanking gutters provided, which are firmly attached to the guide rail under sealing and one each over the entire length the guide rail define continuous collecting channel. In this upwardly open collecting channel drips the leaked storage liquid. The width of the gutters is chosen so that they the carriage protrude laterally and thus also from the carriage running down storage liquid reliable is caught. By moving back and forth during operation carriages will be in the catchment channels accumulating, leaked from the bearing gap bearing liquid promoted to the front-side return ports and thereby an active return of the bearing liquid caused. The gutters can be attached to the guide rail, especially at the footer, be attached after or before the guide rail to a designated Support structure, such as a pedestal, has been attached.

A respective gutter has expediently via a below the carriage sideways from the guide rail The floor wall protrudes, to the outside a towering and at the same time the carriage at least partially overlapping in height direction Sidewall connects. Such, seen in cross-section approximately L-shaped profiling of the gutter allows extremely compact Dimensions in the overall arrangement.

Especially in the case of extremely dynamic applications of the linear guide device, there is a risk that the bearing liquid pushed forward by the guide carriage will spill out of the collecting device. This problem can be effectively counteracted if at the two end faces of the carriage each one is located with the carriage co-moving bearing liquid guide, which acts on the accumulated storage fluid accordingly soothing. The individual components can be realized alternatively, but preferably cumulatively.

Prefers each collecting channel is a guiding unit axially on both sides of the guide carriage associated with the bearing liquid guide, in which the individual components combined to form a structural unit could be. The lead unit can be a guide carriage have upstream deflection element, for example in shape a sloping Baffle, the bearing liquid to Side of the carriage steers so that it can flow past the guide carriage within the receiving channel.

From Another advantage is when the carriage with an axial distance from each other arranged breakwater elements upstream, for example, in paddle-like design, the protrude from above into the collecting channel and just above the bottom wall at a distance to this end. Through these breakwaters the amplitudes of the sloshing bearing liquid are attenuated more and more, so that lack of intensity a spill over the Side wall of the gutter is prevented.

The latter can be complementary be effectively prevented by means of a baffle, which is at a distance above the bottom wall in the area of the open side the gutter extends. It can also act as a carrier for any existing Breakwater elements act. Protrudes the baffle under one inwardly projecting cover strip of the side wall of the gutter, is generates a labyrinth seal, which may be a high-spattering bearing liquid prevents it from leaving.

By the carriage also becomes the storage liquid currently binding the storage liquid film at the top of the guide rail displaced in the direction of travel. So that it does not splash away uncontrollably, can on the carriage in the direction of travel protruding splash guards may be installed, in particular in the area of the lateral edges of the guide rail a piece far extend along the top thereof. They practically form a lateral Limitation of the carriage upstream storage liquid film.

at all applications of the linear guide device it is advantageous if the collecting device of a respective Guide unit two variable length Has covers that are axially on both sides of the carriage between this and the associated end region of the guide rail extend. Each cover extended and shortened in size the distance or approximation of the carriage from or to the front side of the guide rail. Through the cover on the one hand becomes an undesirable one Outflow of storage fluid prevents and on the other hand, an equally undesirable entry of impurities in the lubricated area and the collected storage liquid practically locked out.

The Covers are preferred as flexible bellows devices executed which do without dynamic seals and thus at low Wear one reliable Ensure sealing.

Especially advantageous is a realization as a double bellows. An immediate the guide bar enclosing Inner bellows is specially for the retention the storage liquid responsible. A surrounding the inner bellows Außenbalg is used to block out impurities and / or unwanted Liquids, for example, cutting and cooling liquid. That way is a reliable one Ensures media separation.

Especially The double bellows is compact when the folds of Inner bellows and outer bellows in the height direction the guide rail into each other intervention. It is then practically fold in fold. Especially compact Dimensions in the height direction are the consequence.

If a guide unit with a hanging or sideways-oriented guide rail are used, so that the carriage sits down during operation or laterally on the horizontally extending guide rail, a gutter can not or only partially develop the desired catching effect. In this case, it is therefore advantageous, alternatively or additionally, to use the variable-length covers directly for liquid collecting purposes, in that the respectively underlying section of the covers is used as a collecting channel for the escaping storage liquid. Again, the accumulating storage fluid can be dissipated by return ports placed on the front side. By the reciprocating movement of the carriage, the accumulating in the cover storage fluid is ejected in batches. Thus, in such an application, the exiting at the axial height of the carriage carriage bearing fluid is prevented from uncontrolled dripping, can be arranged on the carriage a below the same extending collecting and discharge chute, which protrudes a bit far beyond the guide carriage and in the there subsequent variable length cover dips. At the periphery of the carriage escaping bearing fluid is thus collected and derived in a targeted manner acting as collecting channels covers.

Especially at sideways oriented guide rail would it be also possible, one or more collecting and discharge channels in the form of grooves in the carriage and / or to integrate into components of an associated carriage.

Around starting from a basic equipment of Case to case corresponding types according to the respective application of leadership units to be able to provide It is recommended that the cover with two sides on both sides to the guide rail can be grown, longitudinally the same extending carrier bars to provide. These as such liquid-tight carrier bars can with standing guide trough operated leadership unit the floor walls The gutters form, and then to the realization of the side walls in addition upwardly projecting side rails are attached to the carrier strips can. With appropriate design, these sidebars can also as guides for the movable cover as well as a cooperation partner for the baffle plate for the formation of labyrinth seals. Anyway, this way can a modular system available be made very easy using a huge Number of identical parts realize different types of guide units always leave an integrated catcher for the exiting Have storage fluid.

Especially considering This modular concept, it is considered advantageous in leading to the individual bearing pockets of the carriage channel branches of the feed channel system each one the flow of storage fluid determining cannula as a throttle member use. Starting from cannulas same flow cross-section can be cut to length by the required length for the individual storage bags desired individual bearing pressure can be specified very easily. By simple Exchange of cannulas is a quick conversion to changing demands possible. It is understood that different throttling intensities also through the use of cannulas with different flow cross sections are feasible.

Of the carriages contains expediently at least one or more parts, the storage bags having Carriage body, on the at least one end face a top plate is attached, on the the feed of the storage liquid takes place and is therefore interspersed by the supply channel system. The storage bags are from a common distribution groove fed, which is located on the mounting surface of the top plate. The cannulas are expediently from one or both end faces of the carriage body forth in its wall used.

following The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In show this:

1 a trained from only one guide unit linear guide device preferred structure in a perspective view, wherein the foreground shown cover the catcher and the associated return port forming connecting part are shown broken and where a total of a design for operation with horizontally extending and thereby stationary guide rail is taken .

1a the arrangement 1 wherein the cover located in the foreground, including the measures used to form the associated return connection, are not shown,

2 a cross section through the arrangement 1 in the area of the guide carriage according to section line II-II 1 .

3 a cross section through the arrangement 1 in the area of the lying in the foreground cover according to section line III-III 1 .

4 a bottom view of the arrangement 1 according to section line IV-IV without illustration of the support rail carrying the guide rail and the covers arranged above the guide rail,

5 a partially broken according to section line VV side view of the arrangement 1 .

6 a plan view of the arrangement 1 with viewing direction according to arrow VI, wherein the arranged on both sides of the guide carriage covers are partially broken,

7 a cross section through the carriage according to section line VII-VII 5 in the joint area between the top plate and the carriage main body,

8th an enlarged section of the arrangement 1 in the region upstream of the guide carriage, the cover being removed and the forerunner chute being shown broken away to better visualize the bearing liquid guide;

9 a cross section corresponding to the section line III-III through an alternative design of a guide unit, which is designed for operation with horizontally extending and thereby hanging guide rail,

9a one about the line VV off 1 following side view of in 9 shown embodiment, in which the carriage consists of two rigidly coupled to each other carriage units,

10 in one of the 9 corresponding sectional view of a further embodiment of the guide unit, which is designed for operation with a horizontally extending and thereby laterally oriented guide rail,

10a the arrangement 10 in one of the 9a corresponding side view with view from the right in the 10 , wherein the carriage in turn has two mutually motion-coupled carriage units, which are bridged by a running between the covers collecting and Ableitrinne.

11 a composed of a plurality of mutually parallel and vertically oriented guide units linear guide means, wherein the carriages of the individual guide units are combined to form a carriage, and

12 to 14 Other design options for the profiling of the guide rail, deviating from the strict T-shape of the other embodiments.

In the drawing are in 1 to 8th , in 9 . 9a and ultimately in 10 . 10a a total of three embodiments of a built on the basis of a modular principle guide unit 1 shown, which is part of a provided via a hydrostatic bearing linear guide device. Depending on the application, this linear guide device can consist of only one guide unit 1 or a plurality of guide units grouped in a certain way 1 put together.

For example, two or more guide units 1 be arranged side by side with each other parallel alignment. The 11 shows by way of example a linear guide device with two mutually spaced, parallel guide units 1 in an equally possible vertical orientation. One can speak of a dual-rail system.

The the leadership unit 1 holding support structure 2 could theoretically belong to the modular system of the linear guide device, but is usually at the site of the guide unit 1 provided on site, for example as a component of a machine to be equipped with the linear guide device. It may, for example, be a machine bed, a portal or a supporting wall. In the drawings, the supporting structure 2 simplified as a pedestal illustrated.

The leadership unit 1 has a linear extension guide rail 3 that with a cultivated area 4 to the support structure 2 attachable and attachable. Preferably, the guide rail 3 profiled in cross-section T-like and has one at the bottom of the acreage 4 having a footer 5 on one side on both sides over the baseboard 5 protruding, preferably plate-like bearing section 6 sitting. baseboard 5 and storage section 6 are suitably integrally formed with each other.

The storage section 6 defines several bearing surfaces of the guide rail 3 , This is one of the baseboard 5 opposite upper bearing surface 7 to two at the facing away from each other outer sides of the bearing section 6 defined lateral storage areas 8th as well as two at the footer 5 facing bottom of the bearing section 6 on both sides of the baseboard 5 arranged lower storage areas 9 , The aforementioned direction designations are independent of the spatial orientation of the guide rail 3 used and are not to be construed as limiting.

In the embodiment of 1 to 8th has the T-shaped profiled guide rail 3 a more or less exactly T-shaped cross-section. The storage section 6 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. Deviating, likewise T-like special forms show the 12 . 13 and 14 , According to 12 is the storage section 6 executed as a prism profile. In 13 it is a total of a T-profile with sloping undercut surfaces on the underside of the bearing section 6 on both sides of the baseboard 5 , which ensures a reinforced undergrip function. In case of 14 is the storage section 6 executed as a dovetail profile. Here can then on the carriage 15 laterally and at the undergrip rails 35 provided storage bags 25 merge together.

The leadership unit 1 of the embodiment according to 1 to 8th is designed for operation with a horizontally oriented and stationary guide rail 3 designed. The upper storage area 7 points up and the guide rail 3 sits on a support structure placed under it 2 , in the In contrast, the interpretation of the leadership unit 1 in the embodiment of 9 . 9a for a hanging arrangement of the guide rail 3 and in the embodiment of 10 . 10a for a sideways oriented arrangement of the guide rail 3 designed. In the hanging arrangement, the upper bearing surface 7 down, while in the sideways-oriented arrangement vertically to the side.

For attachment to the support structure 2 is the guide rail 3 at axially spaced locations with heightwise continuous mounting holes 12 provided that the penetration of fixing screws 13 allow, which in associated threaded holes of the support structure 2 can be screwed. The heads of the fixing screws 13 come in relation to the upper storage area 7 sunk with the remaining space with a thermosetting resin or other balancing mass 14 is flush filled and ground to a uniform continuous, pressurizable upper bearing surface 7 to obtain.

Appropriately, before filling with leveling compound 14 a preferred disc-like cover 14a into the mounting hole 12 inserted over the screw head fitting, the separating layer between the screw head and leveling compound 14 forms. The fixing screw 13 is thus of the balancing mass 14 shielded and can at a later possibly necessary dismantling after removing the balancing weight 14 and the cover 14a be easily unscrewed without impairment.

By filling in the fixing holes 12 stands the whole, the carriage 15 facing upper surface of the guide rail 3 including the cross-sectional area of the mounting holes 12 , continuous as bearing pressure surface (upper bearing surface 7 ) to disposal.

At the guide rail 3 is a carriage 15 Slidably mounted in the rail longitudinal direction. He can under execution of a indicated by a double arrow work movement 16 along the guide rail 3 be shifted with very little effort.

In the embodiment of 1 to 8th includes the carriage 15 only one car unit, while in the embodiments of the 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a each of a plurality of axially successively arranged carriage units 17a . 17b composed in the direction of the labor movement 16 are rigidly coupled with each other, so that the carriage 15 also represents a movement unit here. The motion coupling is done in the exemplary embodiments by way of example by a dash-dotted lines connecting plate 18 that are about the two car units 17a . 17b stretched out and attached to it.

So far as the structural design of a carriage 15 is described, the corresponding statements apply to the examples of 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a for each of the car units used there 17a . 17b , Exemplary is the carriage 15 there from two at a distance successive car units 17a . 17b together.

The carriage 15 is like that on the guide rail 3 Assuming that he embraces them like a rider. Its inner surface 22 is in an upper, two lateral and two lower guide surfaces 23 . 23a . 23b divided into the top, side and bottom storage areas 7 . 8th . 9 the guide rail 3 are facing. Between the storage areas 7 . 8th . 9 and the guide surfaces 23 . 23a . 23b is in each case a bearing gap 24 designed to form a hydrostatic bearing.

In the inner surface 22 of the carriage 15 are at least one, but expediently more along the circumference of the guide rail 3 distributed elongated storage bags 25 incorporated. In the embodiment is located in the lateral and lower guide surfaces 23a . 23b one storage bag each 25 while the upper guide surface 23 two transversely to the direction of travel of the carriage 15 spaced storage bags 25 having.

All storage bags 25 communicate with a carriage 15 interspersed feeder channel system 26 , This ends in an outside of the carriage 15 arranged feed connection 27 , the line via a schematically indicated feed line 28 with an external pressure generator 32 , For example, a hydraulic pump or a pneumatic-hydraulic converter, is connectable, which in operation under high pressure storage fluid in the feed channel system 26 feeds.

This storage liquid passes over the storage bags 25 in the storage gap 24 and forms a the carriage mechanically mechanically frictionless bearing hydrostatic bearing fluid film between the guide surfaces 23 . 23a . 23b and the storage areas 7 . 8th . 9 , On this Lagerflüssigkeitsfilm the carriage can 15 under execution of the working movement 16 slide precisely and relative to the guide rail 3 be moved very smoothly.

In the shown in the drawing before zugten embodiment, the carriage has 15 about one of the storage bags 25 comprising multi-part carriage body 33 , At the two axially oriented end faces in each case a first and second top plate 34a . 34b is scheduled. The carriage body has a U-shaped base part, which is the bearing section 6 engages and on which the upper and lateral guide surfaces 23 . 23a are formed. At the legs of the base body is from below each one undercut bar 35 screwed on, each one of the lower guide surfaces 23b forms. The use of the under-grip strips 35 has the advantage of being an operation with other than the one in 1 to 8th shown standing arrangement of the guide rail 3 is possible, in particular according to the embodiments of the 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a and 11 ,

It is understood that on the carriage 15 at it in operation attacking pure vertical and lateral forces on a lower handle by means of under-grip strips 35 can be waived.

The second headstock 34b is in the embodiment a pure end plate. The first headstock 34a on the other hand serves as a fluid distributor for the injected storage liquid. In this context, it is envisaged that the storage bags 25 each via a bearing pocket channel connected to them 36 to the associated end face of the carriage body 33 out and there aligned on a Verteilnut 37 meet in the mounting area 38 is formed extending, with the first head plate 34a under seal on the front side of the car body 33 is mounted. The screws provided for the fastening 42 are made 7 Obviously, take a look at the mounting surface 38 releases.

The distribution groove 37 is like the storage bag channels 36 Part of the feeder channel system 26 and is via a feed channel 43 with the feed connection 27 connected. The latter can be located directly on the first headstock 34a are located. In the embodiment, it is at one on the guide rail 3 opposite top of the carriage body 33 attached additional plate 44 provided, which is also the head plates 34a . 34b overlaps and on the arbitrary fasteners 45 are provided, to which a guided to be displaced component, for example, a machine slide a machine tool can be attached.

It is understood that the carriage 15 can have slidably mounted to be stored structures on any designed and distributed fastening means arranged for attachment. In this connection, on the additional plate 44 if necessary also be waived. In the embodiments of the 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a is the connection plate 18 provided as an additional plate.

From the pressure generator 32 delivered storage liquid passes through the feed port 27 into the feeder channel system 26 , being from the distribution groove 37 about the bearing pocket channels communicating with it 36 to the individual storage bags 25 arrives to build up the required bearing pressure there. To the hydrostatic bearing pressure within the bearing gap 24 To maintain, is a continuous or periodic operation of the pressure generator 32 required because the supplied storage liquid can escape from the circumferentially unsealed bearing gap.

At This point should be noted that it is the storage liquid not mandatory, but preferably is oil of a suitable viscosity.

Because all the storage bags 25 be fed by a common pressure source, however, in the field of individual storage bags 25 different levels of hydrostatic load capacity are required, the pressure build-up in the bearing pockets 25 by individually a respective storage bag 25 assigned throttle elements specified. These determine the flow of storage fluid to the respective associated storage bag 25 , In the embodiment, it is provided in this context that the throttle members of cannulas 46 are formed, that of the first head plate 34a associated end face in the there Ausmündenden bearing pocket channels 36 are sealed under seal. The storage liquid is therefore forced on its way to the respective associated storage bag 25 through the cannula in question 46 pass therethrough.

The advantage is that for all storage bags 25 on cannulas 46 identical or different diameter or flow cross-sections can be used, wherein one dictates the particular desired bearing pressure through the selected cannula length. So you can, for example, a certain supply of needles of the same length ready to then by specific cutting the individual cannulas 46 to assemble to the desired size. This allows a very cost-effective rapid conversion of the carriage 15 with respect to divergent storage requirements.

If necessary, cannulas can be used simultaneously within a carriage 46 be used with different flow cross sections and / or different lengths.

Is in a specific storage bag due to the specific application of Füh insurance unit 1 no hydrostatic bearing function desired, for example, in the lower handle strip 35 trained storage bags 25 , can be achieved by using a sealed or clogged cannula 46 the storage liquid supply are very easily selectively shut off.

In particular, in order to achieve a rigid in itself storage, can in the inner surface 22 of the carriage 15 or a respective car unit 17a . 17b also pairs of longitudinally successive storage bags and / or two-part storage bags 25 are provided, which from opposite end faces of the carriage body 33 over cannulas 46 be supplied with storage fluid. In this context, then the second top plate 34b comparable to the first headstock 34a be executed and for feeding the associated their side cannulas 46 serve. So you can with regard to the supply measures for the storage liquid a mirror image structure of the carriage 15 provide.

Notwithstanding the fact that during operation of the linear guide device bearing fluid from the bearing gap 24 leaves, represents the leadership unit 1 an independently functional unit, which requires no external measures for collecting and returning the escaping storage fluid, because these measures directly into the management unit 1 are integrated.

So includes the leadership unit 1 a trained as an immediate part with her catcher 47 for the out of the bearing gap between guide rail 3 and carriages 15 escaping storage fluid. This catcher 47 is on the guide rail 3 and / or on Füh carriage 15 fixed and extends along the guide rail 3 , Expediently along the entire length.

The catcher 47 is with at least one return connection 48 equipped over which the collected storage liquid for reuse to the pressure generator 32 is traceable. One or more return lines 51 in which it is like the feed line 28 flexible flexible hoses can act as a connection between the return ports 48 and the pressure generator 32 or a storage liquid reservoir assigned to it 31 ,

In this way, the leadership unit 1 operable with recirculated storage fluid in a closed system.

In the following, first in the embodiment of the 1 to 8th realized catcher 47 explained in more detail.

In this, for operation with horizontal, stationary guide rail 3 designed leadership unit 1 includes the catcher 47 alongside both sides of the guide rail 3 one fixed to the guide rail with a seal 3 attached fluid-tight gutter 52 , This extends along the guide rail 3 and is profiled substantially L-shaped, extending over the entire length of the guide rail 3 through continuous collecting channel 53 forms for the exiting storage liquid. Conveniently, the gutters 52 from opposite sides forth laterally outside of the baseboard 5 the guide rail 3 attached.

Every gutter 52 has a particular in 3 and 8th closer designated bottom wall 54 that from a level, as a support bar 55 designated strip-shaped component is formed, which is below the carriage 15 sideways from the guide rail 3 projecting. The bottom wall 54 extends in a horizontal plane.

From the outer edge of the bottom wall 54 one protrudes the carriage 15 laterally flanking side wall 56 the gutter 52 high, so that overall the already mentioned L-shaped profiling results.

Conveniently, the bottom wall 54 at the footer 5 the guide rail 3 attached, below the undergrip rails 35 of the carriage 15 , The wall thickness is minimal. For fixing are fixing screws 57 provided the support bar 55 penetrate parallel to its extension plane and in threaded holes on the sideways-oriented outer surfaces of the baseboard 5 are screwed in.

The side wall 56 is expediently composed of a plurality of layered strip-shaped bodies, which may be at least partially angled and hereinafter referred to as sidebars 58 be designated. These sidebars 58 are at the outer, longitudinal edge of the carrier strip 55 attached and used by the mounting screws 57 transversely interspersed.

For ease of assembly, the mounting screws 57 executed in the manner of studs or threaded bolts that have no fixed screw head. Instead, they have a threaded section on the nuts at the outer end 62 are screwed to the sidebars 58 firmly with the respectively associated carrier strip 55 to tense.

Unless guaranteed by the surface finish of home, can be to the individual Joining surfaces sealing materials are provided to a fluid-tight seal of the collecting channel 53 to ensure to the outside.

The collection channel 53 is at the side wall 56 opposite inside through the guide rail 3 limited and is up, to the carriage 15 open. The from the bearing gap 24 escaping bearing fluid runs on the side of the carriage 15 and / or on the guide rail 3 down and collects in the associated collection channel 53 at.

From the respective collection channel 53 the storage liquid is transferred via the return connection arranged on at least one end face 48 to the pressure generator 32 recycled. In the embodiment, each collection channel goes 53 at both ends in a arranged there return port 48 above. This ensures reliable disposal of the storage fluid on both sides of the carriage 15 ,

In the embodiment, a respective return port 48 Part of a front side of the guide unit 1 arranged connection part 63 ,

In detail, in this context, in the embodiment of both ends of the guide rail 3 and gutters 52 existing unit a face plate 64 grown under sealing, which extends over the entire width of the aforementioned unit and the two adjacent openings 65 each having an extension of one of the catchment channels 53 are placed and with the appropriate collection channel 53 - in the area of the bottom wall 54 expediently infinitely - aligned. The connection part 63 is to the guide rail 3 axially opposite outside of the relevant face plate 64 grown and has a housing 66 whose interior with the two openings 65 communicates. The return connection 48 - Executed in the embodiment in the form of a connection piece - is on the housing 66 arranged and also communicates with the interior of the housing 66 ,

Thus, the storage liquid passes from the collecting channels 53 through the openings 65 the face plate 64 into the interior of the case 66 and from there to the associated return port 48 ,

Does the linear guide device includes multiple guide units 1 , can their connecting parts 63 be fluidly linked together to the number of required return connections 48 to minimize. In this way, a return port at the same time a plurality of receiving devices 47 belong. For example, the housing 66 have a sufficient length, up to one or more adjacent guide units 1 to extend and around provided there end plates 64 to be fastened in a corresponding manner.

To sloshing out of storage liquid from the gutter 52 during the working movement of the carriage 15 to prevent, and also to contamination of the catcher 47 To prevent collected storage liquid by external influence, is the catcher 47 expediently still with two covers 67 provided to the carriage 15 are upstream of both end faces and which surround the guide rail at its top and at least partially laterally.

Every cover 67 is at the end of the carriage 15 - Mitbewegbar with this - and the other end at the axially opposite end portion of the guide rail 3 attached. Each is a variable-length cover 67 whose two end sections in accordance with the working movement 16 of the carriage 15 are relatively movable without giving up the covering function. This can be realized for example by using telescopic covers. In the exemplary embodiment, flexible bellows devices considered to be particularly advantageous 67a as covers 67 for use.

The bellows device is preferred 67a designed as a double bellows. For this she includes an inner bellows 68a and an outer bellows enclosing this outside 68b , Both bellows 68a and 68b each have one above the upper storage area 7 the guide rail 3 away extending cross section 72a respectively. 72b and two at the end adjoining, down in the direction of the gutter 52 pointing leg sections 73a respectively. 73b , The cross sections 72b of the outer bellows 68b are longer than the cross sections 72a of the inner bellows 68a , Therefore, the leg sections lie 73b of the outer bellows 68b laterally outward than the leg sections 73a of the inner bellows 68a ,

Both bellows 68a . 68b are folded accordion-like in the longitudinal direction. In favor of compact height dimensions are the bellows 68a . 68b nested so that they match the folds of their transverse sections 72a . 72b in the height direction of the guide rail 3 interlock. The two bellows 68a . 68b therefore lead when moving the carriage 15 their "concertina function" in sync.

The double bellows allows a very effective media separation between the environment and from the bearing gap 24 escaping storage fluid. Conveniently, the inner bellows 68a responsible for the sealing from inside to outside. Its downwardly projecting leg sections 73a are each slidably on a aligned in a horizontal plane cover strip 74 on, the part of a cross-sectionally L-shaped inner sidebar 58 the side wall 56 is. In this way, the inner bellows limits 68a together with the two gutters 52 one the guide rail 3 surrounding, shielded to the environment cavity on both sides of the guide rail 3 from the drip channels 53 is formed.

The side wall 56 expediently has a further, middle plate-like sidebar 58 , which is denominated as a web wall and the cover strip 74 surmounted on the outside upwards. Maybe between the inner bellows 68a and the cover strip 74 passing storage liquid is thus prevented from dripping to the outside.

The leg sections 73b of the outer bellows 68b lie outside the side walls 56 and protrude past this from the outside at least a bit far, so that there is a certain overlap in the height direction. External contaminants are therefore at penetration into the collecting channels 53 prevented. An outer sidebar 58 serves to linear guide the free ends of the leg portions 73b, by this sidebar 58 is designed as an angle bar having a transversely outwardly projecting afford shaped guide extension 75 that of the associated leg sections 73b is encompassed.

The sidebars 58 the side wall 56 So they have a multiple function, adding a total of both the sidewalls 56 the gutters 52 form as well as guides for the movable covers 67 act.

With it working movements 16 of the carriage 15 are possible with very high speed, is the carriage 15 at its two ends expediently additionally with an in 8th Shown in more detail bearing fluid guide 76 fitted. This protrudes in the direction of travel of the carriage 15 away and makes the movement of the carriage 15 with, wherein it sloshing of the displaced storage liquid from the catcher 47 suppressed.

The two bearing liquid guide devices preferably contain 76 one each from the carriage 15 axially in the subsequent collecting channel 53 protruding guide unit 77 , A preferred embodiment of the same goes out 8th out.

The guiding units 77 are expediently detachable on the front side of the guide carriage 15 fastened - a fastening screw is included as an example 78 shown - so that optional equipment with a bearing liquid guide 76 is possible.

Each lead unit 77 owns a carriage 15 Immediately upstream, in particular designed as a baffle and an angle with respect to the adjustment of the guide carriage inclined deflection deflecting element defining 82 , The deflection surface runs within the collecting channel 53 in particular starting from the outer side surface of the guide carriage 15 diagonally from the carriage 15 away to the front and at the same time inwards towards the guide rail 3 , Appropriately, engages under the deflecting element 82 doing the above the baseboard 5 protruding portion of the bearing section 6 , If the guide carriage moves, the deflection element acts 82 like a plow and diverts the storage liquid in front to the side, so that they are laterally on the carriage 15 between this and the side wall 56 can flow past. Damming the storage fluid is thereby reduced.

In addition, each guide unit includes 77 a distance above the bottom wall 54 below the upper edge of the sidewall 56 parallel to the guide rail 3 extend the baffle 83 , This prevents bumping despite deflecting 82 accumulated storage liquid.

Particularly effective is the baffle plate 83 in conjunction with a plurality of axially spaced apart breakwater elements 84 , These sit on the baffle plate 83 and protrude from these down to just above the bottom wall 54 to end. The breakwater elements 84 are expediently designed as plate elements and preferably have an L-shaped configuration, so that they are below the bearing section 6 in between this and the bottom wall 54 can project defined gap.

The breakwater elements 84 reduce the amplitudes of the moving carriage 15 in the accumulated storage fluid caused shockwaves.

The width of the baffle plate 83 is preferably chosen so that it is the cover strip 74 engages under a small distance. As a result, a labyrinth seal is formed, the uncontrolled high-spray storage fluid at the outlet from the collection channel 53 prevents.

If necessary, any bearing fluid guide 76 additionally two front side of the carriage 15 protruding, upright splash guard 85 have, extending in the region of the lateral edges of the guide rail 3 extend along the top thereof. They too move together with the carriage 15 In that they prevent bearing fluid from settling on the upper bearing surface 7 the guide rail 3 deposited bearing liquid film wegspritzt side and uncontrolled on the top of the baffle plate 83 running.

Below is something closer to the in 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a illustrated modified designs of the guide unit 1 received. Also there has the catcher 47 about two axially on both sides of here two car units 17a . 17b assembled carriage 15 arranged variable-length covers 67 of the type described above. However, it accounts for the two gutters here 52 because the guide rail is hanging ( 9 . 9a ) or with sideways orientation ( 10 . 10a ) is arranged. The collecting function of these gutters 52 take over here the two covers 67 , whose respective lower section inside a collecting channel 53a limited to the storage liquid. The axially on both sides of the carriage 15 The bearing liquid dripping downwards is preferably used as a bellows device 67a formed cover 67 caught and to the front side of the guide rail 3 derived, comparable to the design according to 1 to 8th a not shown return port is assigned. He can analogously analog 1 . 4 . 5 and 6 be executed.

To also on the axial height of the carriage 15 a possible leakage of storage liquid from the guide unit 1 to reliably prevent is in the embodiments of the 9 . 9a . 10 . 10a on the carriage 15 a moving with this collecting and discharge chute 86 arranged. It extends below the guide carriage 15 along this, with their end sections 87 expediently a little way axially over the carriage 15 protrude and in each there subsequent coverage 67 plunge.

At the carriage 15 Leaking storage liquid is thus collected and in each case a collecting channel 53a forming covers 67 derived.

If the two car units 17a . 17b are arranged at a distance from each other, the collecting and discharge chute 86 with at least one the space between the two carriage units 17a . 17b bridging flapper 88 Be provided at the level of the space on the side of the carriage 15 towers upwards. Spewing bearing fluid is from the baffle plate 88 held back and runs down this in the from the collecting and discharge channel 86 defined, to the two covers 67 outgoing channel.

A cover and discharge chute 86 The described type is also advantageous if a equipped with only one car unit guide unit 1 with sideways or downwardly oriented guide rail 3 is operated. Alternatively, however, here also directly on the carriage 15 at least one acting as a collecting and discharge channel horizontal groove may be provided.

The 9 . 9a . 10 and 10a clarify the invention underlying the kit ideas. Also in these designs, the find in the case of 1 to 8th as a bottom wall 54 used carrier strips 55 their use by acting as a carrier of sidebars specifically tailored to the changed use case 58a be used. The latter are mainly used here as guides for the movable covers 67 , but can also act as wall elements, the fluid-tight shielding of the collecting channel 53a cause the environment.

Thus, it becomes clear that based on uniformly shaped carrier bars 55 by selective combination with customized sidebars 58 . 58a very easily adapted to different operating conditions guide units 1 can be realized.

The 11 Power based on a dual-rail system with two vertically oriented guide units 1 clearly that can be realized on the basis of the inventive concept very simple and vertically oriented linear guide devices. The catcher 47 including the covers 67 can here according to the in 1 to 8th be executed. The from the bearing gap 24 escaping storage fluid flows in between the gutters 52 and the covers 67 limited interior, shielded towards the environment, down and is in the lower connector 63 collected and through the return port 48 the in 11 not shown in detail storage liquid reservoir 31 fed.

The 11 Incidentally, the example also shows the summary of the carriages 15 two leadership units 1 to a slide guided simultaneously on two guide rails 89 , Here to can a correspondingly large area formed connecting plate 18 over both carriages 15 (only one of which is visible) extend away and on both carriages 15 be attached. The carriages 15 in turn, each of them consists of two successive car units 17a . 17b together. The arrangement shown is of course also possible with horizontal orientation.

In the embodiments shown in each case the guide rail 3 arranged stationary and the carriage 15 moves relative to it. However, a kinematic reversal is also possible. References to the labor movement 16 are therefore both in the sense of a relative to the guide rail 3 moving carriage 15 as well as in the sense of a relative to the carriage 15 moving guide rail 3 to understand.

Claims (28)

Linear guide device with hydrostatic bearing, with at least one guide unit ( 1 ), which is a guide rail ( 3 ), one of which carries out a working movement along the guide rail ( 3 ) movable carriage ( 15 ) is encompassed like a rider, which at its the guide rail ( 3 ) facing inner surface ( 22 ) at least one storage bag ( 25 ), which with a the carriage ( 15 ) feed channel system ( 26 ) communicates via a pressure generator ( 32 ) supplied under pressure bearing fluid is to be transported between carriages ( 15 ) and guide rail ( 3 ) a the carriage ( 15 ) bearing hydrostatic bearing liquid film, characterized by a as an integral part of the guide unit ( 1 ) formed on the guide rail ( 3 ) and / or on the carriage ( 15 ) and along the guide rail ( 3 ) extending catcher ( 47 ) for the out of the bearing gap ( 24 ) between guide rail ( 3 ) and carriages ( 15 ) exiting storage liquid, with at least one of the return of the collected storage liquid to the pressure generator enabling return connection ( 48 ) Is provided. Linear guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail ( 3 ) is profiled T-like in cross-section, with one for attachment to a support structure ( 2 ) provided footer ( 5 ), on which a laterally on both sides beyond, from the carriage ( 15 ) umgriffener and expediently with the baseboard ( 5 ) integral bearing section ( 6 ) sits. Linear guide device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the guide carriage ( 15 ) of a plurality of axially spaced and motion-coupled carriage units ( 17a . 17b ). Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the collecting device ( 47 ) at least one along the guide rail ( 3 ) extending collecting channel ( 53 . 53a ), which in the region of one or both end faces of the guide rail ( 3 ) with at least one return connection ( 48 ) connected is. Linear guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that on the two end faces of the guide rail ( 3 ) one in front of the collecting channel ( 53 . 53a ) ra ing end plate ( 64 ) is arranged, the at least one with the collecting channel ( 53 . 53a ) aligned aperture ( 65 ) and at its the guide rail ( 3 ) opposite the outside with a return port ( 48 ) having connecting part ( 63 ) is equipped. Linear guide device according to claim 5, characterized in that the connecting part ( 63 ) is fluidically verkettbar with at least one connection part of a further guide unit. Linear guide device according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the collecting device ( 47 ) at least for operation with a horizontally oriented, stationary guide rail ( 3 ) designed guide unit ( 1 ) laterally on both sides of the guide rail ( 3 ) one fixed to the guide rail ( 3 ) and along this extending gutter ( 52 ), one over the entire length of the guide rail ( 3 ) continuous collecting channel ( 53 ) Are defined. Linear guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that the collecting channels ( 52 ) on the side of the baseboard ( 5 ) of the T-shaped profiled guide rail ( 3 ) are attached. Linear guide device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the respective gutter ( 52 ) one below the carriage ( 15 ) sideways from the guide rail ( 3 ) projecting bottom wall ( 54 ), from the outer edge region of which a carriage ( 15 ) laterally flanking side wall ( 56 ) towers. Linear guide device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that at the two end faces of the guide carriage ( 15 ) each one axially projecting from this, when moving the carriage ( 15 ) one out sloshing of the displaced bearing fluid counteracting bearing liquid guide ( 76 ) is arranged. Linear guide device according to claim 10, characterized in that each bearing liquid guide ( 76 ) one starting from the carriage ( 15 ) in the respective associated collecting channel ( 53 ) axially projecting, in particular releasably on the carriage ( 15 ) fixed guide unit ( 77 ) having. Linear guide device according to claim 11, characterized in that each guide unit ( 77 ) a the carriage ( 15 ) immediately upstream, the storage liquid laterally on the carriage ( 15 ) deflecting deflecting element ( 82 ) having. Linear guide device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that each guide unit ( 77 ) a plurality of spaced apart axially, a little way above the bottom wall ( 54 ) ending breakwater elements ( 84 ), which in a T-like profiled guide rail ( 3 ) expediently the storage section ( 6 ) to the guide bar ( 5 ) under attack. Linear guide device according to one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that each guide unit ( 77 ) at a distance above the bottom wall ( 54 ) parallel to the guide rail ( 3 ) extending baffle plate ( 83 ), which expediently the breakwater elements ( 84 ) wearing. Linear guide device according to claim 14, characterized in that the baffle plate ( 83 ) under an inwardly to the guide rail ( 3 ) projecting cover strip ( 74 ) of the side wall ( 56 ) of the gutter ( 52 protrudes and forms with this a leakage of storage fluid preventing labyrinth seal. Linear guide device according to one of claims 10 to 15, characterized in that each bearing liquid guide ( 76 ) two front side of the carriage ( 15 ) protruding, in the region of the lateral edges of the guide rail ( 3 ) a little way along the top of the guide rail ( 3 ) extending splash guard strips ( 85 ) having. Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the collecting device ( 47 ) two axially on both sides of the carriage ( 15 ), one at each end on the carriage ( 15 ) and at the other end at the associated end region of the guide rail ( 3 ), during the working movement ( 16 ) of the carriage ( 15 ) variable length covers ( 67 ), which the guide rail ( 3 ) on its upper side and at least partly also laterally enclose. Linear guide device according to claim 17, characterized in that the covers ( 67 ) as flexible bellows devices ( 67a ) are executed. Linear guide device according to claim 18, characterized in that each bellows device ( 67a ) an inner bellows enclosing the guide rail ( 68a ) and one the inner bellows ( 68a ) enclosing, wider than the inner bellows ( 68a ) exported external bellows ( 68b ), wherein in the height direction of the guide rail ( 3 ) one above the other arranged folds of the two bellows ( 68a . 68b ) intervene appropriately. Linear guide device according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that for operation with horizontally oriented, hanging or sideways oriented guide rail ( 3 ) designed guide unit ( 1 ) the underlying portion of the covers ( 67 ) a collecting channel ( 53a ) forms for the exiting storage liquid. Linear guide device according to claim 20, characterized in that the guide carriage ( 15 ), with this mitbewegbar, at least one in particular below the carriage ( 15 ) along this extending collecting and discharge channel ( 86 ) is arranged, the front side in the subsequent covers ( 67 ) is immersed to circumferentially on the carriage ( 15 ) collecting storage liquid and into the one collecting channel ( 53a ) forming covers ( 67 ). Linear guide device according to claim 21, characterized in that the collecting and discharge channel in a plurality of axially spaced carriage units ( 17a . 17b ) composed guide carriage ( 15 ) at least one in the region of between the successive car units ( 17a . 17b ) existing space while bridging the same laterally next to the carriage ( 15 ) towering baffle plate ( 88 ) having. Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the collecting device ( 47 ) two laterally on both sides of the guide rail ( 3 ), extending along the same extending carrier strips ( 55 ), which in with horizontally stationary guide rail ( 3 ) operated management unit ( 1 ) the bottom walls ( 54 ) of the gutters ( 52 ) and spaced to the guide rail ( 3 ) optionally with different sidebars ( 58 . 58a ), which, depending on the design of the guide unit ( 1 ) as side walls ( 56 ) of the gutters ( 52 ) and / or as guides for the movable covers ( 67 ) act. Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that in the individual storage bags ( 25 ) of the carriage ( 15 ) leading channel sections of the feed channel system ( 26 ) at least partially in each case one of the flow of storage fluid-determining cannula ( 46 ) is used as a throttle member. Linear guide device according to claim 24, characterized in that to obtain different local bearing pressures of the hydrostatic bearing needles ( 46 ) and / or different flow cross-section with different lengths can be used. Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 25, characterized in that on the inner surface ( 22 ) of the carriage ( 15 ) several along the circumference of the guide rail ( 3 ) distributed storage bags ( 25 ) are provided, which together from at least one front side of the carriage ( 15 ) placed head plate ( 34a ) are fed with storage liquid. Linear guide device according to claim 26, characterized in that the guide carriage ( 15 ) at least one single or multi-part, the storage bags ( 25 ) having carriage body ( 33 ), to which the at least one head plate ( 34a ) is attached to the front side, wherein the head plate ( 34a ) in the carriage body ( 33 ) facing mounting surface ( 38 ) a distribution groove ( 37 ), which simultaneously with several and in particular with all the storage bags ( 25 ) communicates with a supply port ( 27 ) is connected for supplying the storage liquid. Linear guide device according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized by a plurality of mutually parallel guide units ( 1 ), whose carriages ( 15 ), for example for forming a machine slide, are coupled to one another in terms of movement.