DE102004045271A1 - Detecting defects of ferromagnetic material test body for rail track testing, by moving test body and magnetizing device relative to each other, inducing eddy currents in test body, detecting defects using influence on induced eddy currents - Google Patents
Detecting defects of ferromagnetic material test body for rail track testing, by moving test body and magnetizing device relative to each other, inducing eddy currents in test body, detecting defects using influence on induced eddy currents Download PDFInfo
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- DE102004045271A1 DE102004045271A1 DE200410045271 DE102004045271A DE102004045271A1 DE 102004045271 A1 DE102004045271 A1 DE 102004045271A1 DE 200410045271 DE200410045271 DE 200410045271 DE 102004045271 A DE102004045271 A DE 102004045271A DE 102004045271 A1 DE102004045271 A1 DE 102004045271A1
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- test body
- eddy currents
- magnetizing
- probe
- detecting defects
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
- G01N27/9013—Arrangements for scanning
- G01N27/902—Arrangements for scanning by moving the sensors
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Fehlstellen eines Prüfkörpers aus ferromagnetischem Material. Speziell geht es um die Prüfung verlegter Eisenbahnschienen. Diese unterliegen im laufenden Betrieb einem Verschleiß, der die Ausbildung typischer Fehlstellen zur Folge hat. Exemplarisch erwähnt seien Squats und Head Checks. Squats sind unterhalb der Schienenoberseite liegende flächige Trennungen, die vorwiegend parallel zur Oberfläche verlaufen. Head Checks sind schräg liegende Risse im Bereich der Fahrkante, die vorwiegend in den Bögen an der Außenschiene auftreten. Auch können Eisenbahnschienen dellenartige Fehlstellen haben, die durch den Schlupf der Räder beim Anfahren oder Bremsen auftreten.The The invention relates to a method and a device for detection from defects of a specimen ferromagnetic material. Specifically, it is about the exam relocated Railway tracks. These are subject during operation to wear, which is the Training typical defects has the consequence. As an example, be mentioned Squats and head checks. Squats are below the rail top lying flat Separations, which are mainly parallel to the surface. Head checks are weird lying cracks in the area of the driving edge, mainly in the arches at the outer rail occur. Also can Railroad tracks have della-like flaws, caused by slippage the wheels when starting or braking occur.
Materialfehler können an Eisenbahnschienen zu Rissen von mehreren mm Tiefe führen. Es gilt, in einem automatisierten Prüfablauf auch solche Risse zu erkennen, exakt zu lokalisieren und in ihrem Gefährdungspotential zu bewerten, wofür einer quantitativen Erfassung der Rißtiefe große Bedeutung zukommt.material defects can On railroad tracks lead to cracks of several mm depth. It applies in an automated test procedure also such cracks recognize, pinpoint and assess their risk potential, for what a quantitative Detection of the crack depth size Meaning.
Zu prüfende Eisenbahnschienen werden mit einem schienengebundenen Fahrzeug abgefahren, das die Prüfvorrichtung mit sich führt. Angestrebt wird eine Fahrgeschwindigkeit von mehreren zig Kilometern, wenn nicht hundert Kilometern und mehr pro Stunde, eine Fehlstellendetektionstiefe von mehreren mm und eine so hohe Genauigkeit der Fehlstellenlokalisation, daß sich eine jede Fehlstelle garantiert wieder auffinden läßt.To tested Railroad tracks are traversed with a rail-bound vehicle, the the tester with you. The aim is a driving speed of several tens of kilometers, if not one hundred kilometers and more per hour, a defect detection depth of several mm and such a high accuracy of defect location, that yourself guaranteed to find each defect again.
Aus der WO 01/90 738 A2 ist es bekannt, Abstand und Tiefe von Fehlstellen an verlegten Eisenbahnschienen mit einer Wirbelstrom-Prüfsonde millimeter genau zu messen und zur Fehlstellenlokalisation eine GPS-Einheit mit Gyromodul heranzuziehen. In erster Linie werden Head Checks detektiert und bewertet. In der Erfassung tiefer Risse stößt das magnetinduktive Verfahren, nach dem die Wirbelstrom-Prüfsonde arbeitet, auf prinzipielle Grenzen. Das die Wirbelströme induzierende magnetische Wechselfeld muß niederfrequent sein, um eine große Eindringtiefe zu erreichen. Das steht im Widerspruch zu der angestrebten Fahrgeschwindigkeit und Genauigkeit der Fehlstellenlokalisation.Out WO 01/90 738 A2 it is known, distance and depth of defects at routed railroad tracks with an eddy current probe millimeter to measure accurately and for fault location a GPS unit with Gyromodul consulted. First and foremost, head checks are detected and evaluated. The detection of deep cracks causes the magnetic inductive Method by which the eddy current probe works on principle Limits. That the eddy currents inducing alternating magnetic field must be low frequency to one great penetration to reach. This is in contradiction to the desired driving speed and accuracy of defect location.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Detektion von Fehlstellen eines Prüfkörpers aus ferromagnetischem Material zu schaffen, die bei hoher Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen dem Prüfkörper und einer ihn magnetisierenden Magnetisiereinrichtung Fehl stellen großer Tiefe nachzuweisen, genau zu lokalisieren und in ihrer Tiefe quantitativ zu erfassen geeignet sind.task The invention is a method and a device for detection from defects of a specimen ferromagnetic material to create at high relative speed between the test specimen and a magnetizing magnetizing device to prove it has great depth, to pinpoint and quantify in depth are suitable.
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe erzeugt eine Magnetisiereinrichtung ein magnetisches Gleichfeld, dem der Prüfkörper ausgesetzt ist, um ihn zu magnetisieren. Durch eine Relativbewegung, die Magnetisiereinrichtung und Prüfkörper zueinander vollführen, werden Wirbelströme in dem Prüfkörper induziert, und es werden Fehlstellen des Prüfkörpers anhand von deren Einfluß auf die induzierten Wirbelströme mit einer in Bewegungsrichtung gegen die Magnetisiereinrichtung rückversetzten Sonde nachgewiesen.to solution In this task, a magnetizing device generates a magnetic Dc field to which the test specimen is exposed is to magnetize him. By a relative movement, the magnetizing and test pieces to each other to perform eddy currents induced in the test specimen, and it will be defects of the specimen based on their influence on the induced eddy currents with a set back in the direction of movement against the magnetizing Probe detected.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform hat die Magnetisiereinrichtung wenigstens ein Joch, dessen Auslage in Relativbewegungsrichtung um so größer ist, je höher die Relativgeschwindigkeit und je größer die gewünschte Detektionstiefe ist. Es kann sich dabei um das Joch eines Permanentmagneten oder Elektromagneten handeln.at a preferred embodiment the magnetizer has at least one yoke whose display in the direction of relative movement, the higher the Relative speed and the larger the desired Detection depth is. It may be the yoke of a permanent magnet or Act electromagnet.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Sonde geeignet, den magnetischen Streufluß zu erfassen. Bei der Sonde kann es sich um einen Hall-Detektor, magnetfeldempfindlichen Halbleiterdetektor oder SQUID handeln.at a preferred embodiment the probe is suitable for detecting the leakage magnetic flux. The probe may be a Hall detector, magnetic field sensitive Semiconductor detector or SQUID act.
Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Sonde eine nach dem magnetinduktiven Verfahren arbeitende Sonde für die Wirbelstrom-Werkstoffprüfung.at a preferred embodiment the probe is a magneto-inductive method Probe for the eddy current material testing.
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung hat eine bevorzugte Verwendung für die Prüfung einer verlegten Eisenbahnschiene. Sie befindet sich dazu an einem schienengebundenen Fahrzeug, das die zu prüfende Schiene mit einer die Wirbelstrominduzierung bewirkenden Fahrgeschwindigkeit überfährt.The inventive device has a preferred use for the exam a laid railway track. It is located at one rail-bound vehicle, the rail to be tested with a the Eddy current inducing driving speed passes over.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:The The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It demonstrate:
Kerngedanke
der Erfindung ist, die durch die Relativbewegung induzierten Wirbelströme zur Detektion
von Fehlstellen des Prüfkörpers
- 1010
- Jochyoke
- 1212
- Prüfkörperspecimen
- 1414
- Sondeprobe
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004045271.7A DE102004045271B4 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Method and device for detecting defects of a specimen of ferromagnetic material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004045271.7A DE102004045271B4 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Method and device for detecting defects of a specimen of ferromagnetic material |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102004045271A1 true DE102004045271A1 (en) | 2006-03-23 |
| DE102004045271B4 DE102004045271B4 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
Family
ID=36001630
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004045271.7A Expired - Fee Related DE102004045271B4 (en) | 2004-09-17 | 2004-09-17 | Method and device for detecting defects of a specimen of ferromagnetic material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102004045271B4 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009152788A1 (en) | 2008-06-21 | 2009-12-23 | Juergen Rohmann | Device for detecting damage of a test specimen made of ferromagnetic material |
| EP3376216A4 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-12-05 | Obschestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostiyu "Alfaservis" | Method for eddy-current testing of electrically conductive objects and device for realizing said method |
| CN111766292A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 四川大学 | A rail magnetic flux leakage detection device based on zero lift-off rolling magnetization |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2562668B1 (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1987-11-27 | Sncf | DEVICE FOR TRACKING DEFECTS OF RAILWAY RAILS BY EDGE CURRENTS, CAPABLE OF DISCRIMINATING DEFECTS OF CERTAIN DISCONTINUITIES IN RAIL CONSTRUCTION |
| US5610518A (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1997-03-11 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method and apparatus for detecting small magnetizable particles and flaws in nonmagnetic conductors |
| JPH09166582A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-06-24 | Nkk Corp | Electromagnetic flaw detection |
-
2004
- 2004-09-17 DE DE102004045271.7A patent/DE102004045271B4/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2009152788A1 (en) | 2008-06-21 | 2009-12-23 | Juergen Rohmann | Device for detecting damage of a test specimen made of ferromagnetic material |
| DE102008029525A1 (en) | 2008-06-21 | 2009-12-24 | Rohmann, Jürgen | Device for detecting damage to a specimen made of ferromagnetic material |
| EP3376216A4 (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-12-05 | Obschestvo S Ogranichennoy Otvetstvennostiyu "Alfaservis" | Method for eddy-current testing of electrically conductive objects and device for realizing said method |
| CN111766292A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2020-10-13 | 四川大学 | A rail magnetic flux leakage detection device based on zero lift-off rolling magnetization |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102004045271B4 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
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