DE102004044084A1 - Functional polymer or contact adhesive, e.g. for use on adhesive tape, contains functionalised polymer with a high content of functional monomer units and a special type of mol. wt. distribution - Google Patents

Abstract

Functionalised polymer or contact adhesive containing functionalised polymer(s) with a high content of functional/crosslinkable monomer units and a special mol. wt. distribution in which the difference between peak mol. wt. and minimum mol. wt. is preferably less than 15000. Functionalised polymer or contact adhesive (I) comprising at least one functionalised polymer with a wt.-average mol. wt. (M w) of 5000-200000, preferably 10000-100000, and a difference between M-p and M-min of less than 25000, preferably less than 15000, in which (a) M-p is the peak mol. wt. of a monomodal polymer or of the smallest mode in a bi- or multi-modal polymer, (b) M-min is the lowest mol. wt. in the mol. wt. distribution (MWD), i.e. the point at which the cumulative frequency of the MWD has a value of 0.05, (c) the polymer has a linear, branched or stellar structure, (d) the polymer has at least one type of functionalisation which can be used for subsequent crosslinking, (e) at least 50% of the polymer chains carry at least two functionalisations, (f) at least 75% of the polymer chains have at least one functionalisation and (g) at least one type of functionalisation arises from the use of at least one type of functional monomer in the production of the polymer. Independent claims are also included for functionalised polymer or adhesive (I) comprising block copolymer(s) as above, in which (c) the polymer has a linear, branched, stellar or grafted structure# a method for the production of contact adhesive material (I) by making a functionalised polymer as above by a controlled-radical, quasi-living radical or living radical polymerisation process and then crosslinking the polymer# self-adhesive products containing (I).

Description

The Invention preferably relates to solvent-free coatable acrylic-containing PSAs which, in the case of the solvent-free execution by mixing at least two flowable components of at least each constructed of a component of at least two components be, preferably solvent-free Coating process of these pressure-sensitive adhesives and self-adhesive tapes, the from these PSAs these preferably solvent-free Coating process can be produced.

State of technology

in the Towards increased environmental awareness and the desire to produce products ever more efficient manufacture, are in the field of PSAs more and more solvent-free Coating processes through.

One solvent free Coating process, however, makes high demands on them processing PSAs, because not only the processability depends on their viscoelastic properties but also their later property profile. Often they contradict each other the processing and the product characteristics favorable requirements, the to the viscoelasticity the PSA are placed. Products with high shear strength For example, they are common Polymers with high degrees of polymerization. However, this leads to high melt viscosities and thus more expensive solvent-free Processability.

His final Structure receives a solvent-free coated PSA frequently only after a cross linking step, over which the balance of adhesive and cohesive Properties of the product is set. Exemplary here chemical, e.g. the vulcanization of rubbers, radiation-chemical, such as. the UV treatment of polyacrylates and physical crosslinking processes, such as. the thermoreversible formation of high-softening domains in synthetic rubber-based domains Called systems.

PSAs based on polyacrylates represent one of the most important basic polymers in self-adhesive tapes especially for demanding and high quality applications be used. One makes oneself with these products the good one Weathering and UV resistance as well as the accessibility water clear transparent embodiments with a well adjustable balance of bond strength and thermal resistance advantage. Furthermore, a wide range of monomers in the Structure of the PSAs used which leads to further property control options. Also for PSAs Based on polyacrylates, the trend is towards solvent-free coatable To record systems.

Examples of solvent-free coatable polyacrylates which are used as pressure-sensitive adhesives can be found in the literature. One can differentiate between two concepts, the use of polymers with initially low degree of polymerization, which are crosslinked by the action of actinic radiation following the coating, and the use of so-called acrylate hotmelts, consisting of polymers with high melt viscosity at room temperature. Although systems that belong to the first group can be coated well, the cohesive properties of the product, as expressed, for example, in terms of thermal resistance, can often be improved. Examples are in EP 377 199 by BASF and US 4,181,752 disclosed by 3M. Approaches that belong to the second group are, for example, in US 5,391,406 from National Starch, WO 93/09152 by Avery Dennison or DE 195 242 50 described by Beiersdorf. Although good product properties are found for the systems described therein, the solvent-free coating of these pressure-sensitive adhesives is often difficult.

It There is therefore a need for a pressure-sensitive adhesive system and a coating process for this PSA system to disposal so that through the appropriate combination of PSA system and coating process the disadvantages of the prior art, namely the need for improvement Combination of good properties in the solvent-free coating and good product properties, especially with respect to thermal shear strength to reach, solved becomes.

aim This invention is to provide a pressure-sensitive adhesive system Turn that into self-adhesive tape products to good pressure-sensitive Properties leads, in particular, that meets the Dahlquist criterion and a good balance out adhesion and cohesion is achieved, but at the same time good solvent-free processable and coatable, especially due to a low melt viscosity in the state of the material to be processed.

The approach described here uses the concept as a solution to this technical problem Processing material that reaches its final structure only after coating. The desired acrylic-containing pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention is prepared by mixing at least two components, each containing at least one constituent which can react with at least one constituent of the other component during processing. In one embodiment of this invention, the coating process follows so quickly to the beginning of the component mixing that the mixture still has a good processability despite onset of reaction of the reactive constituents. During the coating and / or subsequently, for example, on a web, the reactive constituents in this multicomponent mixture react to give a pressure-sensitive adhesive with good adhesive properties. The resulting, preferably solvent-free, coated pressure-sensitive adhesive is typically structurally structured in such a way that it can not be coated in its final state, or can only be coated to a limited extent. Furthermore, self-adhesive tapes based on the PSAs according to the invention and produced by the solvent-free coating process according to the invention are part of this invention.

detailed description

part This invention is the preparation and composition of a preferred solventless coatable acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesive, the coating process as well as self-adhesive tapes, which contain at least one of the PSAs of the invention and those preferred by the invention solventless Coating process can be obtained.

It was surprisingly found that over the inventive concept preferably solvent-free coatable acrylate pressure-sensitive adhesives prepared and coated can be based on a multi-component approach. At a time before the coating, the various individual components are mixed. Preferably while begins the coupling of reactive components, which in the various Components are included. The timing of mixing the components and thus also the beginning of the coupling reaction is chosen so that the mixture is still easy to process and coat. At least contains a component while at least one polymer of low molecular weight, the functional Groups is equipped and this as prepolymer referred to as. The while the coating undergoing reaction with at least one species from at least one other component leads to an increase in the molecular weight the at least one prepolymer, by a chain extension and / or networking takes place. At least one component contains as at least a component of a prepolymer based on a polyacrylate.

The viscosity of the mixture of the individual components at the beginning of the reaction is the composition of the individual components and the processing temperature adjusted so that the mixture is preferably solvent-free for example, coat a running web or a lay-up roll leaves. The type of train hangs of the desired Construction of the resulting self-adhesive tape. Before the reeling the coated web can Further process steps, such as a treatment with Radiation and / or heat to be built in. Depending on the product structure, any desired carrier, layers, Films are laminated to the coated web, making self-adhesive tapes of various types in the manner of the invention can be produced. If coated on a lay-up roll, the coated film may as well on any carrier, Layers, films are laminated, making self-adhesive tapes more diverse in the manner of the invention can be produced.

Around the combination of good coating and good product properties for the materials according to the invention To make it clear, experimental data suggest the melt viscosity processing individual components as well as the plateau module of the processed Pressure-sensitive adhesive. The melt viscosity depends on components, the polymers Contains ingredients, u. a. from the chain length of the polymers. An important control variable of processability and Coatability in the preparation of the PSAs of the invention is the molecular weight of the polymers. Low viscosities often depend on good processability together. Short polymers are therefore predestined to be melt-processable Materials. The adhesive properties of a PSA hang u. a. strongly depends on the degree of crosslinking of the system, which over the Plateau modul can be estimated is. According to Dahlquist, the plateau modulus for good pressure-sensitive adhesives is in between 50 kPa and 200 kPa [D. Satas (ed.), "Handbook of Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Technology, 2nd ed., 1989, van Nostrand, New York]. Out This requirement recognizes that the PSA is not too may be strongly networked. But if this is made of good coatable, built up with short polymers, then the distance between two network points in chain end crosslinking by the end-to-end distance of the polymer is limited at the top, with statistical crosslinking at intervals less than the end-to-end distance of the polymer.

In The present invention is a concept and exemplary implementation possibilities whose for the construction, production and coating of novel PSAs disclosed. The inventive concept represents a new possibility with which the combination of good processability and good Product properties can be achieved.

manufacturing and composition of the PSAs of the invention

The PSAs according to the invention consist of at least two components at the beginning of the process spatial separated, so for example in different storage containers, present. These at least two components are called A component and B component. At a time before the coating, which is defined in more detail below is, these are mixed at least two components.

The Contains A component at least one component that is equipped in this way that it reacts with at least one component of the B component can. A preferred embodiment of this invention is the use of two components from which the pressure-sensitive adhesive of the invention is produced. Likewise, mixtures are more than two Components are produced according to the invention.

At least one of the components used contains at least one prepolymer based on a polyacrylate.

In In a particularly preferred embodiment, the A component contains all components, which react with the at least one component of the B component can but within the A component under storage conditions below be defined, can not react with each other. In this particularly preferred Contains interpretation the B component all components containing at least one component of the A component can react but within the B component under storage conditions below can not be defined.

It is also possible and according to the invention, others Ingredients that are incompatible with any of the components of the A or B component while of processing, add to the mixture. This can be done, for example, by mixing done with at least one other component. To be favoured these are not reactive under the storage conditions defined below Components of the A and / or B component added to the viscosity and / or the mixing characteristic of the A and / or B component between the reactive components of the A and B components and / or for targeted adjustment of product properties.

Become Ingredients used under certain conditions side reactions can be able to such as a sunlight-induced reaction or a reaction with humidity or oxygen, then the Storage vessels such designed that such external influences so far are excluded that they are for the purpose of use does not adversely affect appearance. The terms "reactivity" and "reactive" refer to The meaning of this invention is always to the potential of one in a given Component containing functionalized component, with a for one Great Sequence of the reaction equipped accordingly and in at least one react to other components contained in the component. By "non-reactive" or "inert" on the other hand is in the sense This invention understood that the melt viscosity of a Component in the reservoir via a Period of one day, preferably one week, more preferred of one month does not change by more than 20% of the fresh value. The Storage of the components takes place up to 60 ° C, preferably up to 35 ° C.

are for the desired Coupling reaction between the at least one reactive Constituent of the at least two components further reagents, such as As catalysts, initiators, coupling reagents or crosslinkers required, then these reagents are components of a component, which either contains no or only such other ingredients, compared to those these reagents are inert.

composition the A component

The A component consists of at least one component which is functionalized in such a way that it can react with at least one constituent in the at least one further component, preferably the B component. The A component may further comprise one or more components which are chemically inert to all components in all other components, ie are not reactive. The type of functionalization depends on the choice of the at least one reactant in the at least one further component. Functionalized is the at least one constituent within the meaning of this invention, if he carries at least two groups of one or more types, which is characterized by reactivity with respect to the at least one component in the at least one further component. The functionalized in this way at least one component of the A component may therefore be difunctionalized or multifunctionalized. Monofunctionalized or non-functionalized constituents do not contribute to the construction of the network created during processing. When selecting the reactive components, it is therefore important to pay attention to the degree of functionalization. A functionalized component of the A component contains more than 80%, preferably more than 90%, of at least two functionalized molecules. However, this does not preclude the A component from being added specifically non-reactive constituents, in particular of a different chemical nature, in proportions of up to 80%.

These it is the at least one functionalized component to a polymer, then its molecular weight is between 5 000 g / mol and 300,000 g / mol, preferably between 10,000 g / mol and 100,000 g / mol. When Molecular weight in this context is the weight average molecular weight distribution, as they over for example gel permeation chromatographic investigations is accessible, to understand. The polydispersity the systems thus defined, given by the quotient of weight average and number average molecular weight distribution is less than 8, preferably under 5. A component which satisfies this description is in following prepolymer called. A prepolymer has a softening temperature of less than 200 ° C, preferably less than 100 ° C, very preferably less than 20 ° C. By softening temperature is in this context the dynamic Glass transition temperature for amorphous Understood systems and the melting temperature for semi-crystalline systems, which is determined, for example, by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) can be. Are numerical values for Indicated softening temperatures, then refer to these amorphous systems to the midpoint temperature of the glass stage and in semicrystalline systems to the temperature at maximum heat of reaction during the Phase transition.

One linear prepolymer can be used as homopolymer (type A1), prepared from at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer, produced as a random copolymer (type A2) from at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer, or as a block copolymer (type A3 or type A4), wherein the block copolymer of at least two different homopolymer blocks (Type A3), each made from at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer, or at least one block consisting of at least a random copolymer block made from at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer and at least one functionalized type of monomer, and optionally composed of one or more homopolymer blocks his (type A4). prepolymers of type A1 are functionalized in at least two locations along the chain: e.g. Chain end 1, chain end 2, in the area of the center of the Chain. prepolymers of the type A2 offer more possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations: e.g. End of chain 1, Chain end 2, in the area of the center of the chain, by use a desired one Proportion of at least one comonomer that carries the functionalization of any many points distributed statistically along the chain. It is also any combination of these functionalization points according to the invention. prepolymers of type A3 are functionalized at least at two points along the chain: e.g. Chain end 1, chain end 2, in the region of the center of the chain, depending on the number of blocks optionally one or more of the block junctions. prepolymers A4 type offers more possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations: e.g. End of chain 1, Chain end 2, in the area of the center of the chain, depending on the number of the blocks optionally one or more of the block junctions, by using a desired Proportion of at least one comonomer that carries the functionalization of any many statistically along those blocks that act as a copolymer block are constructed, distributed points. There is also every combination this functionalization according to the invention.

The prepolymer may be linear as well as branched, star-shaped or grafted structure. Also these prepolymers can as type A1, type A2; Type A3 and Type A4 be constructed. For the possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations, there are next the points mentioned above as examples depending on the number of chain arms in a star-shaped or grafted system or branched depending on the degree of branching Polymers more options chain end functionalization. Such systems can be designed in this way also at branching points, Armverknüpfungspunkten or Pfropfungspunkten be functionalized. The different polymer arms in star-shaped and grafted systems can by be different chemical nature, that is, from different Monomers exist and / or different comonomer composition exhibit.

When prepolymers of type A1 all linear, star-shaped, branched and grafted homopolymers corresponding to those previously described Correspond to definitions of molecular weight and softening temperature, be used.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction be advantageous for the purposes of this invention, the following systems called: polyethers, e.g. Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetrahydrofuran, polydienes, e.g. Polybutadiene or Polyisoprenes, hydrogenated polydienes, e.g. Polyethylene butylene or Polyethylene-propylene, polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate, Polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, Polymers of vinylaromatic monomers, e.g. Polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, Polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of unfunctionalized α, β-unsaturated Ester.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers based on α, β-unsaturated Esters and random copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers called.

As monomers for prepolymers of type A1, it is possible in principle to employ all compounds which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are suitable for the synthesis of polymers. Preference is given to α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) (I) wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers Type A1 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular consisting from 4 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of such compounds are without getting through this list restrict n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers of type A1 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenyl methacrylate or benzyl methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplified selected usable according to the invention Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

Next linear systems are those which are three-armed, four-armed or many-armed star polymer are also preferred Representative of the prepolymers of type A1.

The in the prepolymers contained by the type A1 at least two functionalizations designed so that they are opposite at least one component in the at least one further component are reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

When prepolymers of type A2 all linear, star-shaped, branched or grafted random copolymers corresponding to those previously executed the molecular weight and softening temperature definitions correspond, are used. Be prepolymers of type A2 from at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer produced.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers starting from unfunctionalized α, β-unsaturated esters and statistical Called copolymers starting from unfunctionalized alkyl vinyl ethers.

As monomers for prepolymers of type A2, it is possible in principle to employ all compounds which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are suitable for the synthesis of polymers. Preference is given to α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) (I) wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers Type A2 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 4 to 18 C atoms. Specific examples for corresponding Connections are without limitation by this list n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers of type A2 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzoin acrylate, Phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate or benzoin methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplarily selected according to the invention can be used Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention includes prepolymers of type A2 their at least two functionalizations in the form at least a special comonomer, which during the polymerization of the prepolymer was randomly copolymerized. This is the mole fraction this at least one particular comonomer in terms of composition of the total monomer mixture in the preparation of the total polymer at up to 20%, preferably at up to 10%, very preferably at up to to 5%. The special character of this at least one comonomer shows itself in the fact that it is functionalized so that it is opposite to at least a component in the at least one further component reactive is. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations". Especially preferred are monomers based on α, β-unsaturated esters, this functionalization contain.

prepolymers Type A3 are constructed such that individual polymer blocks with each other covalently linked are. Each of the individual blocks Fulfills the above definitions with respect to softening temperature and molecular weight. The block link can be in a linear form, but also in a star-shaped design or as a graft copolymer variant. In the simplest case, the prepolymer of type A3, a diblock copolymer of the type block 1 block 2 consisting from a block 1 and a block 2, referring to the selected starting monomers differ and optionally in their softening temperature and / or Molecular weight and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) can be different. Further embodiments the prepolymer of type A3 are, without intending to limit triblock copolymers of Art Block 1'-Block 2'-block 3 ', block copolymers the type block 1 '' - block 2 '' - block 3 '' - block 4 '' and higher block copolymers, whose structures continue this series. Triblock copolymers and higher Block copolymers are then according to the invention in the sense of the prepolymers of type A3, if all directly linked blocks are related to each other on the selected ones Starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type). Furthermore, triblock copolymers and higher block copolymers according to the invention in the sense the prepolymer of type A3, if several of the blocks not directly linked with each other are related on the selected ones Starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) are not different from each other differ. A preferred design of a prepolymer of Type A3 is a triblock copolymer of the type Block 1'-Block 2'-Block 3 ', wherein Block 1' and Block 3 'with respect to the selected starting monomers, Molar mass, softening temperature and structure are the same.

Examples for in the prepolymer blocks of type A3 are polyethers, e.g. Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or Polytetrahydrofuran, polydienes, e.g. Polybutadiene or polyisoprenes, hydrogenated Polydienes, e.g. Polyethylene butylene or polyethylene propylene, Polyester, e.g. Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polymers vinyl aromatic monomers, e.g. Polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, Polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of unfunctionalized α, β-unsaturated Ester.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers based on α, β-unsaturated Esters and random copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers called.

As monomers for prepolymers of the type A3, in principle all compounds which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are suitable for the synthesis of polymers can be used. Preference is given to α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) (I) wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers of type A3 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 4 to 18 C atoms. Specific examples for corresponding Connections are without limitation by this list n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers Type A3 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenyl methacrylate or benzyl methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplarily selected according to the invention can be used Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

The in the prepolymers can be used by the type A3 at least two functionalizations designed so that they are opposite at least one component in the at least one further component are reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

prepolymers Type A4 are constructed such that individual polymer blocks with each other covalently linked are. Each of the individual blocks Fulfills the above definitions with respect to softening temperature and molecular weight. The block link can be done in a linear form, but also in a star-shaped design or as a graft copolymer variant. prepolymers type A4 differ from type A3 prepolymers in that that at least one block as a random copolymer of at least two comonomers is built up. In the simplest case, the prepolymer Type A4 a diblock copolymer of the type block 1 '' '- block 2' '' consisting a block 1 '' 'and a block 2' '', with respect to differ on the comonomer composition and optionally in their Molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) may be different. Further embodiments the prepolymer Type A4 are, without intending to limit, Triblockcopolymere the type block 1 "" block 2 "" block 3 "", block copolymers the type block 1 '' '' '- Block 2' '' '' - Block 3 '' '' '- block 4 '' '' 'and higher block copolymers, whose structures continue this series. Triblock copolymers and higher Block copolymers are then according to the invention in the sense of the prepolymers of type A4, if all directly linked blocks are related to each other on the comonomer composition and / or choice of starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type). Furthermore, triblock copolymers and higher block copolymers according to the invention in the sense the prepolymer Type A4, if several of the blocks that are not directly linked relate to each other on the comonomer composition and / or choice of starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) are not different from each other differ. A preferred design of a prepolymer Type A4 is a triblock copolymer of the type Block 1 '' '' - Block 2 '' '' - Block 3 '' '', wherein block 1 '' '' and block 3 '' '' with respect to chosen Starting monomers, molecular weight, softening temperature and structure are the same are.

For the choice of the starting monomers of the individual in the prepolymers of the invention from For example, type A4 blocks may, without wishing to be limited by this list, employ all those monomers which may also be used as starting monomers for A2 type prepolymers.

moreover it is according to the invention, for the construction the prepolymer Type A4 blocks from the group of for the prepolymers types to be used for the A3 type.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention includes prepolymers of type A4 their at least two functionalizations in the form at least a special comonomer that is statistically in at least one block is distributed. This is the mole fraction of this at least one special comonomer in terms of composition of the total polymer at up to 20%, preferably up to 10%, very preferably up to 5%. The special character of this at least a comonomer shows itself to be so functionalized is that opposite at least one component in the at least one further component is reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations". Especially preferred are monomers based on α, β-unsaturated esters, this functionalization contain.

The Contains A component at least one component of type A1, type A2, type A3 or type A4. An A component is also according to the invention if it contains components of various types (A1, A2, A3, A4).

It is also according to the invention, optional unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized polymers and / or unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized block copolymers to be used as constituents in the A component. For the composition the unfunctionalized polymers, optionally as a constituent can be used in the A component, the same information applies in terms of structure, composition, choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure as defined in the definition for type A1 and type prepolymers A2 can be found. The weight average of their molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably less than 100 000 g / mol. Their softening temperature is less than 200 ° C, preferably at less than 100 ° C, more preferably at less than 20 ° C. For monofunctionalized Polymers optionally used as constituents in the A component can be the information given for unfunctionalized polymers optionally as constituents in the A component can be used were made. But they also contain a functionalization, those with at least one component in the at least one other Component is reactive.

For the composition the unfunctionalized block copolymers, optionally as a constituent can be used in the A component, the same information applies in terms of structure, composition, choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure as defined in the definition for prepolymers of type A3 and type A4 are to be found. The weight average of their molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably less than 250 000 g / mol. For monofunctionalized block copolymers optionally as constituents can be used in the A component, the information that applies for unfunctionalized block copolymers, which are optionally used as components in the A component can, were made. But they also contain a functionalization, those with at least one component in the at least one other Component is reactive.

One monofunctionalized component of the A component contains more as 80%, preferably more than 90% on with a functionalization equipped molecules.

When further constituents may be the A component adhesive resins, plasticizers, rheologically active additives, catalysts, stabilizers, compatibilizers, Coupling reagents, antioxidants, other anti-aging agents, Light stabilizers, flame retardants, pigments, dyes, fillers and / or blowing agents. These further optional components that can be used in the A component are characterized by the fact that they are compared to all other components the A component under the storage conditions defined above are reactive. If several of these can optionally be used in the A component Components find application, these are also under each other not reactive to the storage conditions defined above.

composition the B component

The B component consists of at least one component which is functionalized in such a way that it can react with at least one constituent in the at least one further component, for example the A component. The B component may further contain one or more ingredients which are resistant to behave chemically inert over all components in all other components, so are not reactive. The type of functionalization depends on the choice of the at least one reactant in the at least one further component. Functionalized is the at least one constituent within the meaning of this invention if it carries at least two groups of one or several types, which are characterized by reactivity towards the at least one constituent in the at least one further component. The at least one constituent of the B component functionalized in this way can therefore be difunctionalized or multifunctionalized. Monofunctionalized or non-functionalized constituents do not contribute to the construction of the network created during processing. When selecting the reactive components, it is therefore important to pay attention to the degree of functionalization. A functionalized component of the B component contains greater than 80%, preferably greater than 90%, of at least two functionalized molecules. However, this does not preclude the B component from being added specifically non-reactive constituents, in particular of a different chemical nature.

These it is the at least one functionalized component to a polymer, then the weight average of its molecular weight distribution at less than 300,000 g / mol, preferably at less than 100,000 g / mol, very preferably at less than 25,000 g / mol. The polydispersity of the sun defined systems, given by the quotient of weight average and number average molecular weight distribution is less than 8, preferably under 5. A prepolymer This type has a softening temperature of less than 200 ° C, preferably less than 100 ° C, very preferably less than 20 ° C.

One linear prepolymer can be used as homopolymer (type B1), prepared from at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer, produced as a random copolymer (type B2) from at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer, or as a block copolymer (type B3 or type B4), wherein the block copolymer of at least two different homopolymer blocks (Type B3), each made from at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer, or at least one block made of at least a random copolymer block consisting of at least one unfunctionalized Type of monomer and at least one functionalized type of monomer, and optionally composed of one or more homopolymer blocks his (type B4). prepolymers of type B1 are functionalized at least two points along the chain: e.g. Chain end 1, chain end 2, in the area of the center of the Chain. prepolymers of the type B2 offer more possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations: e.g. End of chain 1, Chain end 2, in the area of the center of the chain, by use a desired one Proportion of at least one comonomer that carries the functionalization of any many points distributed statistically along the chain. It is also any combination of these functionalization points according to the invention: prepolymers of type B3 are functionalized at least at two points along the chain: e.g. End of chain 1, chain end 2, in the region of the center of the chain, depending on the number of blocks optionally one or more of the block junctions. prepolymers of the type B4 offer more possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations: e.g. End of chain 1, Chain end 2, in the area of the center of the chain, depending on the number of the blocks optionally one or more of the block junctions, by using a desired Proportion of at least one comonomer that carries the functionalization of any many statistically along those blocks that act as a copolymer block are constructed, distributed points. There is also every combination this functionalization according to the invention.

The prepolymer can be of linear, branched, star-shaped or grafted structure be. Also these prepolymers can be constructed as type B1, type B2, type B3 and type B4. For the possibilities to carry at least two functionalizations, there are next the points mentioned above as examples depending on the number of chain arms in a star-shaped or grafted system or branched depending on the degree of branching Polymers more options chain end functionalization. Such systems can be designed in this way also at branching points, Armverknüpfungspunkten or Pfropfungspunkten be functionalized. The different polymer arms in star-shaped and grafted systems can be of different chemical nature, so different Monomers exist and / or different comonomer composition exhibit.

Further For example, the B component may also contain B5 type constituents. Type B5 comprises low molecular weight functionalized compounds.

When prepolymers of type B1 all linear, star-shaped, branched and puffed homopolymers, which correspond to those previously described Correspond to definitions of molecular weight and softening temperature, be used.

As examples, but without wishing to make any limitation, are advantageous in the sense of The invention relates to the following systems: polyethers such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetrahydrofuran, polydienes such as polybutadiene or polyisoprenes, hydrogenated polydienes such as polyethylene butylene or polyethylene propylene, polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polymers vinylaromatic monomers, such as polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of unfunctionalized α, β-unsaturated ester.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers based on α, β-unsaturated Esters and random copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers called.

As monomers for prepolymers of type B1, it is possible in principle to employ all compounds which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are suitable for the synthesis of polymers. Preference is given to α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) (I) wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers of type B1 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular consisting from 4 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of such compounds are without getting through this list restrict n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers Type B1 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenyl methacrylate or benzyl methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplarily selected according to the invention can be used Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

Next linear systems are those which are three-armed, four-armed or many-armed star polymer are also preferred Representative of the prepolymers of type B1.

The in the prepolymers contained at least two functionalizations of type B1 designed so that they are opposite at least one component in the at least one further component are reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

When prepolymers of the type B2 all linear, star-shaped, branched and grafted random copolymers that were previously executed the molecular weight and softening temperature definitions correspond, are used. Be prepolymers of type B2 from at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer produced.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers starting from α, β-unsaturated Esters and random copolymers starting from alkyl vinyl ethers called.

As monomers for prepolymers of type B2, it is possible in principle to use all compounds which are familiar to the person skilled in the art and are suitable for the synthesis of polymers. Preference is given to using α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure (I) where R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular 4 to 18 Represents carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers of type B2 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 4 to 18 C atoms. Specific examples for corresponding Connections are without limitation by this list n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers of type B2 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzoin acrylate, Phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate or benzoin methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplarily selected according to the invention can be used Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention includes prepolymers of type B2 their at least two functionalizations in the form at least a special comonomer, which during the polymerization of the prepolymer was randomly copolymerized. This is the mole fraction this at least one particular comonomer in terms of composition of the total monomer mixture in the preparation of the total polymer at up to 20%, preferably at up to 10%, very preferably at up to to 5%. The special character of this at least one comonomer shows itself in the fact that it is functionalized so that it is opposite to at least a component in the at least one further component reactive is. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Combinations of functional Segments "described. Particularly preferred are monomers based on α, β-unsaturated esters, the functionalization contain.

prepolymers of type B3 are constructed such that individual polymer blocks with each other covalently linked are. Each of the individual blocks Fulfills the above definitions with respect to softening temperature and molecular weight. The block link can be in a linear form, but also in a star-shaped design or as a graft copolymer variant. In the simplest case, the prepolymer of type B3 a diblock copolymer of the type block 1 * block 2 * consisting from a block 1 * and a block 2 * referring to the chosen Differentiate starting monomers and optionally in their softening temperature and / or molecular weight and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched Kind) can be different. Further embodiments the prepolymer of type B3 are, without intending to limit, Triblockcopolymere the type block 1 ** - block 2 ** - block 3 **, block copolymers of the type block 1 *** - block 2 *** - block 3 *** - block 4 *** as well as higher block copolymers, whose Structures continue this series. Triblock copolymers and higher block copolymers are then according to the invention in the sense the prepolymer of type B3, if all directly linked blocks are related to each other on the selected ones Starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type). Further are triblock copolymers and higher Block copolymers according to the invention in the sense the prepolymers of Type B3, if several of the blocks that are not directly linked relate to each other to the selected starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) are not different from each other differ. A preferred design of a prepolymer Type B3 is a triblock copolymer of the type Block 1 ** - Block 2 ** block 3 **, with Block 1 ** and Block 3 ** relative to the selected starting monomers, Molar mass, softening temperature and structure are the same.

Examples for in the prepolymer blocks of type B3 are polyethers, e.g. Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or Polytetrahydrofuran, polydienes, e.g. Polybutadiene or polyisoprene, hydrogenated polydienes, e.g. Polyethylene butylene or polyethylene propylene, Polyester, e.g. Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polymers vinyl aromatic monomers, e.g. Polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, Polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of unfunctionalized α, β-unsaturated Ester.

When Examples, but without wanting to make a restriction are advantageous for the purposes of this invention statistical copolymers based on α, β-unsaturated Esters and random copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers called.

As monomers for prepolymers of type B3 are in principle all known in the art compounds that are suitable for the synthesis of polymers, used. Preference is given to α, β-unsaturated alkyl esters of the general structure CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) (I) wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated alkyl radicals having 1 to 30, in particular having 4 to 18 carbon atoms.

monomers which is very preferred in the sense of the general structure (I) for prepolymers Type B3 include acrylic and methacrylic acid esters with alkyl groups consisting of 4 to 18 C atoms. Specific examples for corresponding Connections are without limitation by this list n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers, e.g. 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as e.g. Cyclohexyl or norbornyl acrylate and isobornyl acrylate.

Also can be used as monomers for prepolymers Type B3 are acrylic and methacrylic acid esters, the aromatic radicals included, e.g. Phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, phenyl methacrylate or benzyl methacrylate.

Farther can optional vinyl monomers can be used from the following groups: Vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and Vinyl compounds, the aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position contain. For the optionally usable vinyl monomers are exemplarily selected according to the invention can be used Called monomers: vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, Butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene.

Next linear systems are those which are three-armed, four-armed or many-armed star polymer are also preferred Representative of the prepolymers of type B3.

The in the prepolymers contained by the type B3 are at least two functionalizations designed so that they are opposite at least one component in the at least one further component are reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

prepolymers Type B4 are constructed such that individual polymer blocks with each other covalently linked are. Each of the individual blocks Fulfills the above definitions with respect to softening temperature and molecular weight. The block link can be done in a linear form, but also in a star-shaped design or as a graft copolymer variant. prepolymers type B4 differ from type B3 prepolymers in that that at least one block as a random copolymer of at least two comonomers is built up. In the simplest case, the prepolymer Type B4 a diblock copolymer of the type Block 1 **** - Block 2 **** consisting of a block 1 **** and a block 2 ****, which is differ in comonomer composition and optional in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) may be different. Further Embodiments of prepolymers of type B3 are, without intending to limit, Triblockcopolymere the type block 1 ***** - block 2 ***** - block 3 *****, block copolymers the type block 1 ****** - block 2 ***** - block 3 ****** - block 4 ****** as well as higher block copolymers, whose structures continue this series. Triblock copolymers and higher block copolymers are then according to the invention in the sense the prepolymer of type B4, if all directly linked blocks relate to each other on the comonomer composition and / or choice of starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (eg, linear or branched type). Furthermore, triblock copolymers and higher block copolymers according to the invention in the sense the prepolymer of type B4, if several of the blocks that are not directly linked relate to each other on the comonomer composition and / or choice of starting monomers and optionally in their molecular weight and / or softening temperature and / or structure (e.g., linear or branched type) are not different from each other differ. A preferred design of a prepolymer Type B3 is a triblock copolymer of the type Block 1 ***** block 2 ***** - block 3 *****, whereby block 1 ***** and block 3 ***** in relation on the selected ones Starting monomers, molecular weight, softening temperature and structure are the same are.

For the choice of the starting monomers of the individual blocks occurring in the prepolymers of the type B4 according to the invention, it is possible to restrict, for example, without being limited by this list len, all those monomers find use, which can also be used as starting monomers for prepolymers of type B2.

moreover it is according to the invention, for the construction the prepolymer Type B4 blocks from the group of for the prepolymers Selectable types of type B3.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention includes prepolymers of type B4 their at least two functionalizations in the form at least a special comonomer that is statistically in at least one block is distributed. This is the mole fraction of this at least one special comonomer in terms of composition of the total polymer at up to 20%, preferably up to 10%, very preferably up to 5%. The special character of these at least a comonomer shows itself to be so functionalized is that opposite at least one component in the at least one further component is reactive. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

The B component can advantageously also according to this invention and also only low molecular weight contain functionalized compounds of type B5, in particular then if at least one ingredient in at least one other Component is a functionalized prepolymer. The molecular weight of this Type B5 compound is less than 5000 g / mol, preferably smaller than 2500 g / mol, more preferably less than 1000 g / mol. The degree of functionalization for this Compound to be in accordance with the invention, is at least two. The functionalized substance contains more as 80% of these at least two functionalizations, preferably to more than 90%.

It is also according to the invention, a mixture from compounds of different degrees of functionalization, in particular such with difunctionality and trifunctionality, as component B5.

The Contains B component at least one material of type B1, type B2, type B3, type B4 or type B5. A B-component is also according to the invention, if It contains materials of various types (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5).

It is also according to the invention, optional unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized polymers and / or unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized block copolymers as ingredients in the B component. For the composition the unfunctionalized polymers, optionally as a constituent can be used in the B component, the same information applies in terms of structure, composition, choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure as defined in the definition for type B1 and type prepolymers B2 can be found. The weight average of their molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably less than 100 000 g / mol. Their softening temperature is less than 200 ° C, preferably at less than 100 ° C, more preferably at less than 20 ° C. For monofunctionalized Polymers optionally used as constituents in the B component can be the information given for unfunctionalized polymers optionally as constituents in the B component can be used, were made. But they also contain a functionalization, those with at least one component in the at least one other Component is reactive.

For the composition the unfunctionalized block copolymers, optionally as a constituent can be used in the B component, the same information applies in terms of structure, composition, choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure as defined in the definition for type B3 and type prepolymers B4 can be found. The weight average of their molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably less than 250 000 g / mol. For monofunctionalized block copolymers optionally as constituents can be used in the B component, the information that applies for unfunctionalized block copolymers, which are optionally used as components in the B component can, were made. But they also contain a functionalization, those with at least one component in the at least one other Component is reactive.

One monofunctionalized component of the B component contains more as 80%, preferably more than 90% on with a functionalization equipped molecules.

As further constituents, the B-component may contain tackifier resins, plasticizers, rheologically active additives, catalysts, stabilizers, compatibilizers, coupling reagents, antioxidants, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, flame retardants, pigments, dyes, fillers and / or blowing agents. These further optional components which can be used in the B component are characterized in that they are not reactive to all other components of the B component under the storage conditions defined above. If more than one of these optional components can be used in the B component, they are also not reactive with one another under the storage conditions defined above.

Other components

part This invention is the optional use of one or more others Components. As a further component, a C-component or optional other components are used. The C component and any other component that may optionally be used each for considered to consist of one or more components. contains a component more than one component, then stand out the Components in this single component characterized in that they are within this component among themselves under the storage conditions defined above are not reactive. The C component and / or any other component, which is optionally used, may contain one or more components included, opposite one or more components of one or more other components are reactive. In this regard, apply the same information with regard to structure, composition, Choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure, as in the definition for prepolymers Type A1, type A2, type A3, type A4 can be found. The C component and / or any other component that is optionally used contain one or more ingredients that are not compared to any Component contained in all other components, reactive is.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention includes the C component or further optional components, one or more Substances that cause the course of a coupling reaction between a or more components of one or more other components contribute. This can Crosslinkers, initiators, coupling reagents, catalysts or other reactive or reaction-promoting Be ingredients. It is furthermore advantageous to use these reactive ones or reactionary To disperse substances in one or more constituents, the inert opposite These substances are also inert to one or more components in one or more other components. Use of such inert ingredients is particularly preferable when a or more of the reactive or reaction promoting substances in the unmixed one State are solid or so highly viscous that they are set at Process temperature can not be pumped, metered and / or conveyed are.

The C-component or further, optionally usable components can advantageously in the sense of this invention also and exclusively low molecular weight contain functionalized compounds. The molecular weight of this compound is less than 5000 g / mol, preferably less than 2500 g / mol, very preferably less than 1000 g / mol. The degree of functionalization for this Compound to be in accordance with the invention, is at least two. The functionalized substance contains more as 80% at least two functionalizations, preferably more than 90%. examples for functional groups are described in the section "Functional Segment Combinations".

It is according to the invention, in the C component or other optionally usable components optional unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized polymers and / or unfunctionalized and / or monofunctionalized block copolymers as ingredients. For the composition of the unfunctionalized polymers that are optional as a component in the C-component or further, optionally usable components can be used apply the same information as in the definition of prepolymers of type A1, type A2, type B1 and type B2 can be found. The weight average its molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably at less than 100 000 g / mol. Their softening temperature is included less than 200 ° C, preferably at less than 100 ° C, more preferably at less than 20 ° C. For monofunctionalized Polymers optionally as constituents in the C component or other optional components can be used, apply the information given for unfunctionalized polymers optionally as constituents in the A component and B component can be used were. But they also contain a functionalization involving at least one ingredient in the at least one further component is reactive.

For the composition of the unfunctionalized block copolymers, which may optionally be used as a constituent in the C-component or other optionally usable components, the same information applies with regard to structure, composition, choice of monomers, softening temperature and structure, as in the definition of prepolymers type A3, type A4, type B3 and type B4. The weight-average molecular weight distribution is less than 1 000 000 g / mol, preferably less than 250 000 g / mol. For monofunctionalized block copolymers which can optionally be used as constituents in the C-component or further, optionally usable components, the statements which apply to unfunk functionalized block copolymers, which can optionally be used as constituents in the A component and B component. However, they additionally contain a functionalization which is reactive with at least one constituent in the at least one further component.

One monofunctionalized component of the C-component or further, optionally usable components contains more than 80%, preferably more than 90% of functionalized molecules.

When other ingredients may be the C component or more, optional usable components Adhesive resins, plasticizers, rheologically effective Additives, stabilizers, compatibilizers, antioxidants, others Anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, flame retardants, pigments, Dyes, fillers and / or blowing agent contain. These further optional in the C-component or further, drawing components that can be used as optional components characterized by being opposite all other components except them in their component are not included under the storage conditions defined above are reactive. If several of these are optional in the C component or other, optionally usable components usable components Application, these are also among themselves among the above defined Storage conditions not reactive.

the trained reader is obvious that the designation A-, B-, C, etc. component is arbitrary. It is just as well and within the meaning of this invention possible, the Name reversed. The used nomenclature "A-component", "B-component", "C-component", etc. should only serve components whose composition is different to distinguish from each other. The various according to the invention for use coming components are so commutative.

Inventive combinations of components

Even though it is according to the invention, as desired many components at a time defined below before coating to be mixed, so preferably a coupling between at least each one reactive component of at least two different ones Components begins, it is convenient for practical reasons, limit the number of components to a minimum. Especially Therefore, a process in which all the raw materials needed for the coupling is to be preferred individual components and to set the desired Product properties needed be distributed to a minimum number of components, that a spatial Separation of the mutually reactive components before processing guaranteed is. In this way, a good storage stability of the individual components achieved and the processability of the individual components in particular given by their viscosity guaranteed. Particularly preferred is the use of two components.

The Composition and number of components required for one inventive process selected be, according to the requirement that the raw components are good pumpable and are miscible and the mixture of components also in the case the insertion of the coupling reaction before coating still well conveyed and easy to coat. The viscosity of the individual components as well the speed of coupling between reactive components and concomitant increases in viscosity over time are central Basic requirements for the composition of the starting components of the invention and the Type of reactive constituents contained therein. The viscosity of the starting components and the component mixture at the beginning of the coupling reaction as well the rate of the coupling reaction of the reactive components are characteristics of the starting materials used. The temperature On the other hand, an important control factor for the discontinuation of production and supply Mixing behavior of the starting components and the component mixture but also to control the speed of the coupling reaction represents.

information to the speed of coupling reactions according to the invention in the section "Combinations functional segments " Find. The temperature control in the process according to the invention is in the section "Solvent free Coating process "defined. Information about viscosities the starting components and the component mixture are hereafter given.

According to the invention are components and component mixtures until the time of coating a viscosity of less than 10 kPa s, preferably less than 1 kPa s, more preferably of less than 0.1 kPa s. These viscosity data are as zero viscosities at 60 ° C to understand (see test methods, Test B). Optionally has at least one component of a component combination according to the invention at 60 ° C a zero viscosity from bigger than 1 kPa s.

In addition will be to the starting components requirements with regard to the achievable Product features provided. As central information for the characterization of product properties are here the softening temperature, the plateau modulus at 25 ° C and a frequency of 1 rad / s, and the gel value used. The examples then correlate with pressure-sensitive data from the starting components according to the invention via the inventive processing and coating process produced self-adhesive tape products according to the invention demonstrated.

The Composition of coming within the meaning of this invention used Components is selected that prefers during the coating is a pressure-sensitive adhesive is formed, at least contains a phase the one softening temperature (see test methods, test D) between -125 ° C and +50 ° C, preferred between -75 ° C and +25 ° C. This at least one phase is at least 25 vol .-%, preferably at least 50% by volume, more preferably at least 75% by volume in the PSA. Are more phases in the PSA before, then they have a softening temperature of less than +200 ° C, preferably less than +100 ° C, more preferably less than +25 ° C. Under phases are in the sense spatially separate domains meant in the nature of the underlying materials or material segments and resulting properties such as e.g. the softening temperature are different. The typical length scale such domains is greater than 1 nm.

The composition of the components used in the context of this invention is selected so that during the coating, a pressure-sensitive adhesive is formed, which has a plateau modulus G _N ⁰ at 25 ° C and 1 rad / s (see test methods, test C) between 5 kPa and 1 000 kPa, preferably between 25 kPa and 400 kPa, more preferably between 50 kPa and 200 kPa.

One Measure to Quantification of the crosslinked portion of a material is the gel value (see test methods, Test E). The composition of the invention for the purposes of this invention coming components is selected so that during the coating Pressure-sensitive adhesive is formed, which has a gel value of greater than 25 wt .-%, preferably greater than 40 wt .-% has.

combinations functional segments

The PSAs according to the invention are preferred by during the processing of beginning coupling of at least one each reactive component of the at least two brought to mixing Generated components.

• – eine chemische Reaktion, bei der zumindest eine in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer Komponente enthaltene Sorte funktioneller Segmente mit zumindest einer weiteren in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer weiteren Komponente enthaltenen Sorte funktioneller Segmente reagiert und zur Bildung einer kovalenten Bindung führt,
• – die Bildung von Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen zwischen zumindest einer in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer Komponente enthaltenen Sorte funktioneller Segmente und zumindest einer weiteren in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer weiteren Komponente enthaltenen Sorte funktioneller Segmente,
• – die Bildung einer koordinativen Bindung beispielsweise durch Komplexbildung, bei der zumindest eine in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer Komponente enthaltene Sorte funktioneller Segmente mit zumindest einer weiteren in zumindest einem reaktiven Bestandteil in zumindest einer weiteren Komponente enthaltenen Sorte funktioneller Segmente beteiligt sind, so dass zumindest eine Donor/Akzeptor-Bindung entsteht,

verstanden.With the coupling of at least one reactive component of the at least two components, for the purposes of this invention

• A chemical reaction in which at least one sort of functional segments contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one component reacts with at least one other type of functional segments contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one further constituent and leads to the formation of a covalent bond,
• The formation of hydrogen bonds between at least one sort of functional segments contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one component and at least one further type of functional segments contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one further constituent,
• The formation of a coordinative bond, for example by complex formation, in which at least one sort of functional segments contained in at least one reactive component in at least one component is involved with at least one other type of functional segment contained in at least one further reactive component in at least one further component, such that at least one donor / acceptor bond is formed,

Understood.

The Coupling can be done between the functional segments directly or also by mediation by another substance, such as e.g. a coupling reagent. For the position and number of functional segments in the inventively usable reactive constituents the definitions that apply to the prepolymers of type A1, type A2, type A3, type A4, type B1, type B2, type B3 and type B4 as well as for made the low molecular weight reactive ingredients of type B5 have been.

Should the coupling according to the invention the reactive constituents run as a chemical reaction, then the involved functional segments are according to the following versions Are defined.

At least a variety of functional according to the invention Segments contained in at least one reactive ingredient in at least one first component has the general structure (R ° R °° R °°° C) -X. R °, R °° and R °°° can be independent of each other saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals which are also among themselves connected could be, be the same or different kind. The radicals R °, R °° and R °°° can independently of each other include any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R °, R °° and R °°° can be of low molecular weight or polymeric nature. Up to two of the radicals R °, R °° and R °°° can also hydrogen atoms be. The for the coupling reaction necessary group is denoted by X.

The at least one segment according to the invention of the structure (R ° R °° R °°° C) -X is reactive with at least one functional segment which is contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one optional second component and which has the general structure (R ⁺ R ⁺⁺ R ⁺⁺⁺ C) -Y. R ⁺ , R ⁺⁺ and R ⁺⁺⁺ may independently or independently of one another be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals, which may also be linked to one another. The radicals R ⁺ , R ⁺⁺ and R ⁺⁺⁺ may independently contain any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ⁺ , R ⁺⁺ and R ⁺⁺⁺ may be of low molecular or polymeric nature. Up to two of the radicals R ⁺ , R ⁺⁺ and R ⁺⁺⁺ can also be hydrogen atoms. The group necessary for the coupling reaction is designated Y. In specific embodiments of this invention, one or more of R ⁺ , R ⁺⁺ , R ^{+++ may be} of the same kind as R °, R °° or R °°°. Likewise it is according to invention, if the group X and the group Y are of the same kind. In this particular case, the coupling is carried out by means of a coupling reagent or by the action of a catalyst or initiator. Coupling reagent, catalyst or initiator are in this case part of another component. It is also according to the invention if the coupling reaction is initiated by the action of actinic radiation.

in the For purposes of this invention, any number of others are more functional Can be used segments that at least with one of the above Paragraph defined functional segments can respond.

A coupling reaction can proceed by chemical reaction directly between the groups X and Y to form a species (R ° R °° R °°° C) -X'-Y '- (CR ⁺ R ⁺⁺ R ⁺⁺⁺ ) becomes. X 'and Y' are in the case of a chemical reaction, the reaction products of the groups X and Y. In special cases, a coupling reagent X ^a -Y ^a or X ^a -R ^a -Y ^{a is} required for the coupling of the groups X and Y. Furthermore, it is also possible to link two groups X via a coupling reagent YR ^b -Y. R ^a and R ^b may be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals and include any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ^a and R ^b may be of low molecular or polymeric nature.

- Tabelle 1 -

- Table 1 -

Table 1 lists some examples of X and Y, as well as possible combinations of X and Y according to the invention which result in direct coupling of the functional segments to (R ° R °° R °°° C) -X'-Y '- (CR ⁺ R ⁺⁺ R ⁺⁺⁺ ). The table does not claim to be exhaustive, but is intended merely to illustrate examples of functional groups and combinations of functional groups that can be used in the context of this invention. The person skilled in the art is familiar with further functional groups and combinations of functional groups which can likewise be used according to the invention. The specific reaction conditions for the examples given can be found in the relevant literature on organic chemistry [see, for example, J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 4th ed., 1992, Wiley, New York or RC Larock, Comprehensive Organic Transformations, 2. Ed., 1999, Wiley, New York]. The radicals contained in Table 1, R ^c, R ^d, R ^e, R ^f, R ^g, R ^h, R ⁱ and R ^j may be independently saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals may be, containing any number of heteroatoms and low molecular weight or polymeric nature and or optionally hydrogen atoms. The radicals may be the same or different in structure as defined above. The radicals R ^c , R ^d and R ^e may be linked to one another as well as R ^f , R ^g and R ^h may be linked to one another.

Especially For the purposes of this invention, preference may also be given to acid anhydrides for reaction with Amines are brought.

Should the coupling according to the invention the reactive components over the formation of hydrogen bonds expire, then the functional segments involved are corresponding the following remarks Are defined. See, for example, D. Philp, J. F. Stoddard, Angew. Chem., 1996, 108, 1242 or C. Schmuck, W. Wienand, Angew. Chem., 2001, 113, 4493.

At least one kind of functional segments according to the invention, contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one first component, has the general structure (R ^# R ^## R ^### C) -X ^# . R ^# , R ^## and R ^### can independently or independently of one another be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon ^{radicals which} can also be linked to one another, the same or different types. The radicals R ^# , R ^## and R ^### can independently of one another contain any desired number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ^# , R ^## and R ^### may be of low molecular or polymeric nature. In addition, up to two of the radicals R ^# , R ^## and R ^### can also be hydrogen atoms. The group necessary for the coupling reaction is designated X ^# .

The at least one segment of the structure ^{according to the} invention (R ^# R ^## R ^### C) -X ^# is capable of hydrogen bonding with at least one functional segment which is contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one optional second component and which has the general structure (R ^~ R ^~~ R ^~~~ C) -Y ^~ . R ^~ , R ^~~ and R ^~~~ independently of one another may be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon ^radicals , which may also be linked to one another, of the same or different type. The R ^~ , R ^~~ and R ^{~~~ groups} may independently contain any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ^~ , R ^~~ and R ^~~~ may be of low molecular or polymeric nature. Up to two of the radicals R ^~ , R ^~~ and R ^~~~ can also be hydrogen atoms. The group necessary for the coupling reaction is designated Y ^~ . In specific embodiments of this invention, one or more of R ^~ , R ^~~ , R ^{~~~ may be} of the same kind as R ^# , R ^## or R ^### . Likewise, it is according to the invention if the group X ^# and the group Y ^{~ are of the} same kind. In this particular case, coupling is by means of a coupling reagent that is part of another component.

in the For purposes of this invention, any number of others are more functional Can be used segments that at least with one of the above Paragraph defined functional segments can respond.

A coupling ^reaction can proceed through formation of hydrogen bonds directly between the groups X ^# and Y ^~ such that a species (R ^# R ^## R ^### C) -X ^# -Y ^~ - (CR ^~ R ^~~ R ^{~~ ~} ) is formed. In special cases, the coupling of X ^# and Y ^{~ requires} a coupling reagent X ^#a -Y ^{~ a} or X ^#a -R ^{a '} -Y ^{~ a} . Furthermore, it is also possible to link two groups X ^# via a coupling reagent Y ^~ -R ^{b '} -Y ^~ . R ^{a '} and R ^b' may be saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radicals and include any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ^{a '} and R ^b' may be of low molecular or polymeric nature.

The Coupling functional segments may be monodentate or preferably polydentate. dentate refers to the possibility a segment, a certain number of hydrogen bonds train.

Hydrogen bonds between monogamous or preferably multidentate Functional segments are considered structure-building elements of different Examples known. Hydrogen bonds are used in nature between complementary ones functional segments for the construction of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). A special combination of donor and acceptor sites make it possible, that couplings only take place according to the key-lock principle can. For example, if the functional segments α (type "key") and β (type "lock") are complementary segments, the hydrogen bonds can train then a connection between α and β is possible, but not between α and α and β and β. The nature is limited in the selection of functional segments in the construction of the DNA on the two organic base pairs adenine / thymine (or instead Thymine uracil in RNA) as bidentate Segments and cytosine / guanine as tridentate segments.

For the purposes of this invention, reactive components with functional segments based on adenine, thymine, uracil, cytosine, guanine, their derivatives and other compounds which are capable of forming hydrogen bonds according to the key-lock principle, such as, for example, 2- Ureido-4-pyrimidone and its derivatives, 2,6-diacetylaminopyridine and its derivatives, diacetylpyrimidine and its derivatives, and ureidoacylpyrimidine and its derivatives. This list does not claim to be exhaustive. On the contrary, other systems are known to the person skilled in the art which can be used according to the invention. If this type of functionalization is selected, at least one component in at least one component in at least one component carries at least two functional segments of the "key" type and at least one component of at least one further component at least two functional segments of the "lock" type. 1 shows two examples of the coupling of reactive constituents via formation of hydrogen bonds by using two complementary functional segments, wherein 1a the direct coupling of two reactive components and 1b shows the coupling of two reactive constituents using a coupling reagent.

According to the invention is also the coupling of functional segments via coordinative bonds possible. examples for coordinative bonds are ligand-central atom bonds in complexes, that is, the formation of a coordinative bond with metal atoms, the elemental, in the form of metal salts and / or in the form of metal complexes can be present as well as all other donor-acceptor bonds [see for example D. Philp, J.F. Stoddard, Angew. Chem., 1996, 108, 1242; M. Rehahn, Acta Polym., 1998, 49, 201; G. G. Lohmeijer, U. S. Schubert, J. Polym. Sci. A polym. Chem., 2003, 41, 1413 and in each cited literature].

If one chooses this coupling principle in the sense of this invention, then at least one kind of functional segments according to the invention, contained in at least one reactive constituent in at least one first component, has the general structure (R ^§ R ^§§ R ^§§§ C) -X ^§ . R ^§ , R ^§§ and R ^§§§ can be independently of one another saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon ^radicals , which may also be linked to one another, of identical or different nature. The radicals R ^§ , R ^§§ and R ^§§§ can independently contain any number of heteroatoms. The radicals R ^§ , R ^§§ and R ^§§§ may be of low molecular or polymeric nature. Up to two of the radicals R ^§ , R ^§§ and R ^§§§ can also be hydrogen atoms. The group necessary for the coupling reaction is designated X ^§ .

The functional segments in at least one constituent in at least one component are designed to include groups capable of forming coordinative bonds with type M metals which may be elemental, in the form of metal salts or in the form of metal complexes to can. Metal complexes can also be polynuclear. Monodentate or multidentate segments may be used. The coupling principle is in 2 shown schematically. At least two functional segments of type "key" couple by coordinating M, which takes over the function "lock". In the formation of coordinate bonding, the structure may change from M to M '. This can be expressed in altered oxidation states but also in an altered ligand structure and / or composition. When using metal atoms, it is particularly advantageous for the purposes of this invention to take special measures for the dispersion of M components contained in the M and in the component mixture produced during the process according to the invention. This is preferably done by selecting particularly suitable counterions, if they are metal salts, or particularly suitable complexing ligands, if they are metal complexes. Suitable counterions and complex ligands therefore assume the function of compatibilizers and dispersants.

Especially preferred is a coupling using chelating Segments. examples for Ligands that can be used as functional segments are Bipyridine and terpyridine and their derivatives, acetylacetonate and its derivatives, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its derivatives, nitrilotriacetic acid and its derivatives, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid and its derivatives, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and its derivatives as well as Carboxylic acids. This list does not claim to be complete. The skilled person is rather, other systems are known which are used according to the invention can be. These functional segments are not reactive with each other. All Therefore, these functional segments contained ingredients can be used in a component. The coupling of the functional Segments occur as soon as at least one reactive ingredient in at least one other component metal atoms M mixed with them become. Metal atoms M are also considered functional in this invention Segments classified.

When Metal atoms are suitable for the purposes of this invention, all those chemical elements that are able to act as an acceptor for coordinative Bindings act. These are alkaline earth metals, preferably Ca and / or Mg, transition metals, preferably Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, W, Re, Os, Ir and / or Pt as well as Al and lanthanides. Suitable compatibilizers and dispersing aids for this invention can be used Metal atoms are, for example, alcoholates of aliphatic or aromatic, saturated or unsaturated, any number of heteroatoms of contained molecules that may be of low molecular weight or polymeric nature. It is also appropriate open-chain or ring-shaped unsaturated Hydrocarbons containing any number of heteroatoms can and may be of low molecular or polymeric nature. Further usable according to the invention Dispersing aids and compatibilizers for M are low molecular weight chelating agents Organic compounds.

In general, M can be an acceptor group ("key") which can form a coordinative bond in conjunction with a lock-type donor group. The Aktzeptorgruppe may be bound in this case to a prepolymer or used as coupling reagents. This general case is in 3 shown schematically. It is further in accordance with the invention to use acceptor group-equipped prepolymers in combination with donor group-bearing coupling reagents.

in the Meaning of this invention any combination of different types of coupling reactions come into use.

The at least two functional segments in at least one prepolymer can itself, as already in the definition of the structure according to the invention reactive constituents has been described, depending on the type and structure a reactive constituent, for example at chain ends, at chain centers, at block crossing points, Armverknüpfungspunkten, Branching points and / or Pfropfungspunkten are and / or by choice and use of special comonomers in the polymerization the prepolymer be statistically installed. Functional segments in a low molecular weight Type B5 connections are at any two or more positions contained in this reactive ingredient.

comonomers which are used particularly advantageously for the purposes of this invention can, functionalized prepolymers are, without being exhaustive, glycidyl methacrylate, Glycidyl acrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, methacrylamide, Acrylamide, N-methylolmethacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, vinyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, 3-hydroxypropyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride.

The molar ratio of at least two different types of functional segments can be according to the invention the employment ratio of the at least two reactive constituents, these at least two contain functional segments of various kinds, and / or by the number of at least two functional segments of different Kind incorporated in the respective at least one reactive component, Taxes. At least two different types of functional segments come according to the invention for use. These are at least two types of functional segments that interact with each other can couple be in the sense of this invention in a molar ratio of 1: 100 to 100: 1, preferably 1:10 to 10: 1, more preferably from 1: 5 to 5: 1 used. stoichiometric Insert is thus also according to the invention. Become more than two types on functional segments that can couple with each other, then every single kind of functional segments can be 100-fold excess up to 100-fold shortfall in terms of any other type of functional Segments are used, preferably of 10-fold excess up to 10-fold deficit, more preferably 5-fold excess to 5-fold deficit.

In A preferred embodiment of this invention leads to the choice of the type of functional segments and the type and amount of optional usable Catalysts and initiators as well as the choice of process temperature to a certain reactivity of the component mixture. This is accompanied by an increase in viscosity the reaction time. The viscosity of the component mixture must be low enough at the time of coating be so that it is still coatable. In a given combination Type of functional segments, type and quantity of optional Catalysts and initiators as well as process temperature determine the Dwell time of the component system, ie the time that a Volume element of the component mixture between the beginning of mixing and Coating in the process plant stops whether it is still coatable or not. The residence time is due to mass feed, throughput and coating speed variable. A combination of type of functional segments and the type and amount of optionally usable catalysts and initiators is then according to the invention, if they at at least one process temperature according to the invention a Dwell time of one day, preferably one hour, more preferred tolerated for ten minutes and then still coatable.

Solvent-free coating process

The preferably solvent-free Processing of the PSA of the invention includes for the purposes of this invention, the separate storage of individual starting components, the promotion of the individual starting components, the mixture of the starting components, the coating of the mixture the starting components, the aftertreatment of the coated PSA, the optional lamination of additional carriers, optionally also coated Carrier, Release films and papers, optionally also coated release films and paper and the winding of the self-adhesive tape produced.

The Production of the PSAs of the Invention is solvent-free in the multicomponent reactive process, preferably in the two-component reactive process. Is one of the components used more than a component, then this component is in a commercial evacuable dissolver before mixing with the at least one homogenized further component. Applying a vacuum leads to this to bubble-free ingredient mixtures. The homogenized components will be afterwards for the Mixing and coating process provided. The mixing of at least two components take place under one day, preferably below one hour, more preferably less than ten minutes before coating with a multi-component mixing and dosing, preferably with a two-component mixing and dosing system with dynamic mixing system. An overview usable according to the invention Dosing systems, for example, in Adhesive Bonding & Density, 2002, Book 10, page 29 ff. This invention is limited but not on the facilities assembled there.

The Components can from barrels or other containers of metering and mixing system are supplied but also through a continuous process. This is suitable the direct coupling of the dosing and mixing system with a concentration extruder, if one component still solvents deducted must become.

The process temperature depends on the reactive groups selected for the purposes of this invention and other optional constituents which influence the reaction between the reactive constituents and the resulting specifications of the residence time between start of mixing and coating. According to the invention, a plant operation at process temperatures between -20 ° C and +100 ° C, preferably between 0 ° C and +60 ° C, very preferably between +20 ° C and +35 ° C. The process temperature can be maintained at a constant level throughout the entire process up to the coating stage or can also assume different temperature levels in different process segments. That's the Tempe tion of the storage vessels of the components used in principle decoupled from the temperature of the conveying elements and pipes, the mixing unit and the coating unit in the process of the invention.

When Coating process can for the purposes of this invention, doctor blade method, doctor blade method, roll bar nozzle method, Extrusion die method, Casting nozzle and casting process come into use. Also according to the invention are application methods such as Roller application method, printing method, screen printing method, anilox roller method, Inkjet method and spray method. For feeding the coating unit according to the invention can be used between dosing and mixing unit and coating unit optionally a subsidy and / or mixing unit, e.g. a single-screw or twin-screw extruder, be interposed. The optional extruder is separately heated. A twin-screw extruder is available in such according to the invention, if the component mixture further ingredients, in particular solid ingredients such as fillers are added should.

To the coating may optionally be the PSA prior to rewinding be driven through a channel in the optional thermal energy by e.g. electric heating or IR radiation and / or actinic Radiation, such as UV radiation and / or electron beams acting on the coated material can.

Self-adhesive tapes according to the invention

The PSA system according to the invention can be used for the construction of various types of self-adhesive tapes via the processing and coating process according to the invention. Self-adhesive tape assemblies according to the invention are in 4 shown. Each layer in the self-adhesive tape assemblies of the invention may optionally be foamed.

in the The simplest case is an inventive self-adhesive tape from the Pressure-sensitive adhesive in a single-layered construction (structure 1). Structure 1 can optionally single-sided or double-sided with release foil or release paper be covered. The layer thickness of the PSA is between 1 μm and 2000 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 1000 μm.

The Pressure-sensitive adhesive may further be applied to a carrier, in particular a film or paper carrier (Structure 2). The carrier can stand on the side facing the PSA be pretreated according to the technique, so that, for example an improvement of the pressure-sensitive adhesive anchorage is achieved. As well the side can be equipped with a functional layer, which can act as a barrier, for example. The carrier back may be pretreated according to the prior art, so that For example, a release effect is achieved. The carrier back may also be printed. The PSA may optionally be with Covered a release paper or a release film. The pressure-sensitive adhesive has a layer thickness between 1 .mu.m and 2000 .mu.m, preferably between 5 .mu.m and 1000 .mu.m.

at Structure 3 is a double-sided self-adhesive strip, the middle layer as a carrier film, a backing paper or a carrier foam contains. In structure 3 come as upper and lower layers of the invention pressure-sensitive adhesives same or different type and / or same or different Layer thickness for use. The carrier can be on or pretreated on both sides according to the state of the art, so that, for example, an improvement in the pressure-sensitive adhesive anchoring is achieved. Likewise one or both sides are equipped with a functional layer, which can act as a barrier, for example. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layers can optionally covered with release papers or release liners. The Pressure-sensitive adhesive layers have layer thicknesses independently of each other between 1 μm and 2000 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 1000 μm on.

When Another double-sided self-adhesive tape is Structure 4 a variant of the invention. A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer according to the invention carries on one side another PSA layer, but any Nature can be and therefore does not need to be according to the invention. The self-adhesive tape construction Optionally available with one or two release liners or release papers be covered. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layers have independently of one another Layer thicknesses between 1 μm and 2000 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 1000 μm on.

As in structure 4, structure 5 is also a double-sided self-adhesive tape containing a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition according to the invention and any other desired adhesive. However, the two pressure-sensitive adhesive layers are in structure 5 by a carrier, a carrier film, a carrier paper or a carrier foam separated from each other. The carrier may be pretreated on one or both sides according to the prior art, so that, for example, an improvement of the pressure-sensitive adhesive anchoring is achieved. Likewise, one or both sides may be provided with a functional layer which may act as a barrier layer, for example. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layers can optionally be covered with release papers or release liners. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layers have, independently of one another, layer thicknesses of between 1 μm and 2 000 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 1000 μm.

The Self-adhesive tape according to the invention after construction 6 contains a layer of material according to the invention as a middle layer, on both sides with any PSAs the same or different type is equipped. One or both Pages of the middle class can be equipped with a functional layer, for example can act as a barrier. For the outer pressure-sensitive adhesive layers do not need PSAs according to the invention be used. The outer pressure-sensitive adhesive layers may be optional Covered with release papers or release liners. The outer pressure-sensitive adhesive layers assign independently layer thicknesses between 1 .mu.m and 2000 .mu.m, preferably between 5 .mu.m and 1000 .mu.m. The Thickness of the middle layer is between 1 μm and 2000 μm, preferably between 5 microns and 1000 μm.

Test Methods

Gel Permeation Chromatography (Test A)

The determination of the average molecular weight M _W and the polydispersity D was carried out by gel permeation chromatography. The eluent used was THF containing 0.1% by volume of trifluoroacetic acid. The measurement was carried out at 23 ° C. The precolumn used was PSS-SDV, 10 μ, 10 ³ Å, ID 8.0 mm × 50 mm. For separation, the column combination PSS-SDV, 10 μ, linear-one with ID 8.0 mm × 300 mm was used. The sample concentration was 1 g / l, the flow rate 0.5 ml per minute. It was measured against polystyrene standards.

Determination of the melt viscosity (test B)

When melt viscosity becomes the complex zero viscosity at +60 ° C which is calculated from linear viscoelastic measurement data and obtained by extrapolation to shear rate zero. For determination was an RDA2 from Rheometrics in plate / plate geometry with oscillatory shear used. The plate diameter was 25 mm and the deformation 1 %. There was a frequency / temperature variation driven, wherein the temperature over a range of -60 ° C to +200 ° C in steps of 5K was preset and a frequency test at each temperature from 0.1 rad / s to 100 rad / s.

Determination of the plateau module (Test C)

Of the Plateau module was determined from the same measurement data set, which also was used in determining the melt viscosity (Test B). As a plateau module, the value of the memory module at 1 rad / s and 25 ° C used.

Determination of dynamic Glass transition temperature (Test D)

The dynamic glass transition temperature was determined from the same measurement data set as used in the determination the melt viscosity (Test B) was used. The dynamic glass transition temperature is the one Read temperature at which the loss modulus in Temperatursweep at 1 rad / s has a maximum.

Determination of gel content (Test E)

The solventless PSA samples are made into a polyethylene nonwoven bag (Tyvek fleece) shrink wrapped. soluble Ingredients are overflowing with toluene extracted for a period of three days with daily solvent exchange. From the difference in sample weights before extraction and after Extraction is the gel value as a percentage of the weight fraction of the polymer which is not extractable with toluene.

Adhesive strength (test F)

The exam the peel strength (Bond strength) was based on PSTC-1. On a 25 μm thick PET film becomes a 50 μm thick adhesive layer applied. A 2 cm wide strip of this Pattern is made on a ground steel plate by five times double roll over glued by means of a 5 kg roll. The plate is clamped and the self-adhesive strip over its free end on a tensile testing machine under a peel angle from 180 ° with subtracted at a speed of 300 mm / min.

Holding powers

The exam was based on PSTC-7. On a 25 micron thick PET film is a 50 μm thick pressure-sensitive adhesive layer applied. A 1.3 cm wide strip of this pattern will open a polished steel plate on a length of 2 cm with a 2 kg roll by twice double rolling over bonded. The tiles be for 30 min under test conditions (temperature and humidity), but equilibrated without load. Then the test weight is appended, so that a shear stress arises parallel to the bonding surface, and time measured until the bond fails. Is a holding time reached from 10 000 min, so the attempt is made before bond failure canceled.

Examples

- Tabelle 2 -

- Table 2 -

All used monomers and solvents are of technical quality.

Production of a regulator for the controlled radical polymerization:

dibenzyl trithiocarbonate was after a in Synth. Commun., 1988, 18, 1531 Regulation of benzyl bromide, carbon disulfide and caustic soda; produced.

Example 1:

As component A, a random copolymer of type A2 was selected, consisting of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate. Component B consisted of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI Vestanat ^®), a system of type B5, and a thermal reaction of hydroxyl groups with isocyanate groups favoring catalyst (Coscat 83 ^®).

Production and characterization Component A:

285 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 285 g of n-butyl acrylate, 30 g of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 400 g of acetone and 15.3 g of dibenzyl trithiocarbonate were initially charged in a 2L steel reactor conventional for free-radical polymerization under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reactor was heated to 58 ° C internal temperature and the monomer mixture with 0.1 g Vazo 67 ^® (DuPont) initiated. After 4 hours 40 minutes was reinitiated with 0.1 g of Vazo ^® 67. The temperature at this time was 67 ° C. After 24.5 hours, the reactor was cooled and the polymer solution was drained off. The product was freed of solvent in a vacuum oven. GPC (Test A) gave _Mw = 18,000 g / mol with a polydispersity of 1.23. Rheological measurements (Test B) showed a melt viscosity of zero at 60 ° C of η = 9 Pa s. The dynamic glass transition temperature (Test D) of component A was -45 ° C.

Mixing the components and coating:

50 g of component A and 2.44 g of component B, consisting of 2.28 g IPDI Vestanat ^® and 0.16 g of Coscat 83 ^®, were mixed together at 25 ° C. A homogeneous mixture was produced at a shear of the mixture at about 5 1 / s over a period of 2 min and then with a squeegee to si Coated release paper coated. The mass application was 50 g / m ² . After 3 hours, samples (double-sided self-adhesive tapes) were subjected to tests C, D and E. Part of the material was laminated to a 25 μm thick PET film. Samples of this material (single-sided self-adhesive tapes) were subjected to tests F and G.

Product features:

At a gel level (Test E) of 82%, the samples showed a bond strength (Test F) to steel of 0.4 N / cm. The shearing life (test G) was at a load of 1 kg at 23 ° C at> 10 000 minutes. Test C resulted in a plateau modulus of 10 ⁵ Pa. The dynamic glass transition temperature (Test D) was found at 1 rad / s at -30 ° C.

By S 2:

As component A, a random copolymer of type A2 was selected, consisting of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate. Component B consisted of Actflow ^® UMB 2005B, a hydroxyl functionalized system of type B2, IPDI Vestanat ^®, a system of type B5, and a thermal reaction of hydroxyl groups with epoxy groups-promoting catalyst (zinc chloride).

Production and characterization Component A:

238 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 238 g of n-butyl acrylate, 25 g of glycidyl methacrylate, 333 g of acetone and 3.21 g of dibenzyl trithiocarbonate were initially charged in a 2L steel reactor customary for free-radical polymerization under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reactor was heated to 58 ° C internal temperature and the monomer mixture with 0.1 g VAZO 67 ^® (DuPont) initiated. After 5.5 hours, was reinitiated with 0.1 g VAZO 67 ^®. The temperature at this time was 64 ° C. After 24 hours, the reactor was cooled and the polymer solution drained. The product was freed of solvent in a vacuum oven.

GPC (Test A) gave _Mw = 85,700 g / mol with a polydispersity of 1.23. Rheological measurements (Test B) showed a zero viscosity of η = 45 Pa s at 60 ° C.

Mixing the components and coating:

43.88 g of component A and 5.25 g of component B, consisting of 4.67 g Actflow ^® UMB 2005B, 0.43 g Vestanat IPDI ^® and 0.15 g of zinc chloride (pre-dissolved in 0.5 mL ethyl acetate), were mixed together at 25 ° C. A homogeneous mixture was produced at a shear of the mixture at about 5 1 / s over a period of 2 min. The mixture was freed from the residual solvent in a vacuum oven and then coated with a doctor blade on siliconized release paper. The mass application was 50 g / m ² . The coated material was then left at 120 ° C for 1 hour. Thereafter, samples (double-sided self-adhesive tapes) were subjected to tests C, D and E. Part of the material was laminated to a 25 μm thick PET film. Samples of this material (single-sided self-adhesive tapes) were subjected to tests F and G.

Product features:

 at With a Gel content (Test E) of 53%, the samples showed a bond strength (Test F) on steel of 1.7 N / cm. Shear life (Test G) was at 23 ° C under a load of 1 kg at 40 minutes. Test C revealed a plateau modulus of 3,000 Pa. The dynamic glass transition temperature (Test D) was found at -35 ° C.

The Examples clarify that over the inventive method using a combination of components according to the invention Pressure-sensitive adhesives and therefrom self-adhesive tapes with a variable property profile can be produced. By appropriate choice of the number and composition of the used next components are shear-resistant PSAs as well as those accessible with high tack.

Claims (38)

A pressure-sensitive adhesive, characterized in that it comprises at least one further component in at least one further by coupling at least one reactive constituent contained in at least one component Component containing reactive component is built, wherein (a) the at least one reactive component in the at least one component contains at least two functional groups and the at least one component in the at least one further component at least two functional groups, (b) at least one reactive component at least a component used is a functionalized acrylate copolymer having a weight average molecular weight distribution between 5,000 g / mol and 300,000 g / mol, preferably between 10,000 g / mol and 100,000 g / mol. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 1, characterized by coupling the at least one reactive constituent in the at least one component with the at least one reactive one Component built in the at least one other component is, wherein the coupling of the at least two reactive constituents while at least mixing these reactive ingredients together two components begins. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 1, characterized by coupling the at least one reactive constituent in the at least one component with the at least one reactive one Component built in the at least one other component is where the coupling of the reactive constituents after coating of the component mixture initiated by the action of actinic radiation becomes. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the reacted Condition contains at least one phase, which is a softening temperature between -125 ° C and +50 ° C, preferred between -75 ° C and +25 ° C. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressure-sensitive adhesive in the fully reacted state has a plateau modulus G _N ⁰ at 1 rad / s between 1 kPa and 1000 kPa, preferably between 25 kPa and 400 kPa, very preferably between 50 kPa and 200 kPa. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it is coated solvent-free becomes. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 6, characterized that the process temperature between -20 ° C and +100 ° C, preferably between 0 ° C and +60 ° C, more preferred between +20 ° C and +35 ° C lies. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 1, characterized that it is made up of two components. Pressure-sensitive adhesives according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that all the components used in the Melt at +60 ° C a zero viscosity of less than 10 kPa s, preferably less than 1 kPa s, very preferred of less than 0.1 kPa s. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one component in the melt at +60 ° C a zero viscosity from above 1 kPa s. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one component at least a variety of reactive ingredients with a proportion of at least Contains 20%, which is difunctionalized to more than 80%, preferably to more than 90% or higher functionalized, with the type of functionalization so chosen is that they work with at least one type of functionalization that in at least one kind of reactive constituents in at least one contained further component, in the mixed state spontaneously can be reacted or reacted. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 11, characterized that at least one reactive ingredient in at least one component carries at least three functional groups. A pressure-sensitive adhesive as claimed in claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the type of functionalization of at least one first type of reactive constituents used in the intermixed at least two components is such that at least one further type of functionalization of at least one second species of reactive constituents spontaneously or by means of activating additives such as catalysts, coupling agents or initiators and / or by the influence of temperature and / or actinic radiation, a chemical reaction takes place which leads to a covalent coupling between the at least one first and the at least one second kind of reactive constituents. Examples for functionalization types are listed in Table 1 of the description. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 11 or 12, characterized characterized in that the type of functionalization of at least one first sort of mixed in the at least two components is designed for use coming reactive ingredients, that with at least one further type of functionalization at least a second type of reactive component spontaneously or through mediation activating additives such as catalysts, coupling agents or Initiators and / or by the influence of temperature and / or actinic Radiation one or more hydrogen bonds, preferably multidentate hydrogen bonds especially after the key / lock principle formed, which leads to a coupling between the at least one first and at least a second kind of reactive components leads. examples for Functionalization types are segments based on adenine, thymine, Uracil, cytosine, guanine, their derivatives and 2-ureido-4-pyrimidone and its Derivatives, 2,6-diacetylaminopyridine and its derivatives, diacetylpyrimidine and its derivatives as well as ureidoacylpyrimidine and its derivatives. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 11 or 12, characterized characterized in that the type of functionalization of at least one first sort of mixed in the at least two components is designed for use coming reactive ingredients, that with at least one further type of functionalization at least a second type of reactive component spontaneously or through mediation activating additives such as catalysts, coupling agents or Initiators and / or by the influence of temperature and / or actinic Radiation one or more coordinative bonds in particular according to the key / lock principle formed, which leads to a coupling between the at least one first and at least a second kind of reactive components leads. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 15, characterized that the type of functionalization of at least one variety of in at least one component for use coming reactive ingredients is such that a coordinative bond with at least a metal atom, metal ion or metal complex as at least one Another variety of reactive ingredients in at least one other Component in the form of complex formation, especially in the form of formation arise from chelate complexes leading to a noncovalent coupling the reactive components leads. examples for Funktionalisierungsarten are bipyridine and terpyridine and their Derivatives, acetylacetonate and its derivatives, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and its derivatives, nitrilotriacetic acid and its derivatives, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid and its derivatives, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and its derivatives as well as Carboxylic acids. examples for usable according to the invention Metals are alkaline earth metals, preferably Ca and / or Mg, transition metals, preferably Ti, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, W, Re, Os, Ir and / or. Pt as well as Al and lanthanides. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one component as at least a variety of reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped Contains polymer, made up of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and functionalized on at least two points of the macromolecule is. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one component as at least a variety of reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped Contains copolymer, that of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer is constructed and that at least two points of the macromolecule functionalized, the at least two functionalizations preferably in the form of randomly polymerized functionalized Comonomers are introduced. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one component as at least a variety of reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped Contains block copolymer, that of at least two different polymer blocks, each consisting of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer is constructed and which is functionalized on at least two points of the macromolecule. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one component contains at least one type of reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped block copolymer consisting of at least two different polymer blocks, wherein at least one polymer block is constructed as a copolymer block and has been prepared at least from an unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least one functionalized type of monomer, and which is functionalized at at least two points of the macromolecule, wherein the at least two functionalizations preferably in the form of randomly polymerized functionalized comonomers at least one copolymer block are introduced. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 17, characterized that one or more of the following systems are used: Polyethers, e.g. Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetrahydrofuran, Polydienes, e.g. Polybutadiene or polyisoprenes, hydrogenated polydienes, such as. Polyethylene butylene or polyethylene propylene, polyester, such as. Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, polycarbonate, Polycaprolactone, polymers of vinylaromatic monomers, e.g. polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, Polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of α, β-unsaturated esters, e.g. Poly (iso-octyl acrylate), Poly (n-butyl acrylate) or polymethyl methacrylate or copolymers unfunctionalized acrylates and / or methacrylates. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 18, characterized in that random copolymers based on a mixture of vinyl compounds and / or α, β-unsaturated esters are used, wherein (a) the preferred structure of the unfunctionalized monomers used for the copolymerization of the random copolymers by CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ), wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30, in particular 4 to 18 carbon atoms , Particularly preferred examples are n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as cyclohexyl, norbornyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate and aromatic monomers such as phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzoin acrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate or benzoin methacrylate. As vinyl monomers find vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and vinyl compounds containing aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position, application such as vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methylstyrene, (b) the preferred structure of the functionalized monomers used for the copolymerization of the random copolymers is given by CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ) where R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or a linear, branched or ring-shaped, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30, in particular 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which carries at least one Funktionalisierungsart. Particularly preferred examples of functionalized comonomers are glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, methacrylamide, acrylamide, N Methylolmethacrylamide, N-methylolacrylamide, vinyl alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, 3-hydroxypropyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride (c) the proportion of functionalized monomers based on the amount of total monomers of which the copolymer is made up to 20 %, preferably up to 10%, very preferably up to 5%. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 19, characterized that in the polymer blocks one or more of the following systems are used: polyethers, such as. Polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol or polytetrahydrofuran, Polydienes, e.g. Polybutadiene or polyisoprenes, hydrogenated polydienes, such as. Polyethylene butylene or polyethylene propylene, polyester, such as. Polyethylene terephthalate, polybutanediol adipate or polyhexanediol adipate, Polycarbonate, polycaprolactone, polymers of vinylaromatic monomers, such as. Polystyrene or poly-α-methylstyrene, Polyalkyl vinyl ethers, polyvinyl acetate, polymers of α, β-unsaturated esters, e.g. Poly (iso-octyl acrylate), Poly (n-butyl acrylate) or polymethyl methacrylate or copolymers unfunctionalized acrylates and / or methacrylates. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to claim 20, characterized in that the at least one random copolymer block is based on a mixture of vinyl compounds and / or α, β-unsaturated esters, wherein (a) the preferred structure of the unfunctionalized monomers used for the copolymerization of the random copolymer blocks is CH ₂ = H (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ), wherein R ¹ = H or CH ₃ and R ² = H or a linear, branched or cyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30, in particular 4 to 18 carbon atoms , Particularly preferred examples are n-butyl acrylate, n-pentyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, n-heptyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, n-nonyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, stearyl methacrylate, their branched isomers such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and iso-octyl acrylate and cyclic monomers such as cyclohexyl, norbornyl acrylate or isobornyl acrylate and aromatic monomers such as phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, benzoin acrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate or benzoin methacrylate. As vinyl monomers find vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, vinyl halides, vinylidene halides, and vinyl compounds containing aromatic cycles and heterocycles in α-position, application such as vinyl acetate, vinyl formamide, vinyl pyridine, ethyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, acrylonitrile, styrene, α-methyl styrene, (b) the preferred structure of the functionalized monomers used for the copolymerization of the random copolymer blocks is CH ₂ = CH (R ¹ ) (COOR ² ), where R ^{1 is} H or CH ₃ and R ^{2 is} H or a linear, branched or ring-shaped, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 30, in particular 4 to 18 carbon atoms, which carries at least one Funktionalisierungsart. Particularly preferred examples of functionalized comonomers are glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, methacrylamide, acrylamide, N Methylolmethacrylamid, N-Methylolacrylamid, vinyl alcohol, 2-Hydroxyethylvinylether, 3-Hydroxypropylvinylether, 4-Hydroxybutylvinylether, maleic anhydride, Itaconsäureanhydrid (c) the proportion of functionalized monomers based on the amount of total monomers of which the at least one copolymer block is made up bis to 20%, preferably up to 10%, very preferably up to 5%. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that in addition to at least one first component, containing at least one reactive component, at least one second component which is at least one more variety of reactive constituents, more than 80%, preferably more than 90% difunctionalised or functionalized higher contains, contains, where the type of functionalization is designed to be with at least one Funktionalisierungsart, which in at least one Type of reactive ingredients in the at least one first component contained in the mixed state spontaneously or to Reaction can be brought. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 25, characterized that the at least one second component as at least one variety reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped polymer contains made up of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and functionalized on at least two points of the macromolecule is. examples for Within the meaning of this claim, systems usable according to the invention are in claim 21 listed. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 25, characterized that the at least one second component as at least one variety reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped copolymer contains that of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least a functionalized type of monomer is constructed and that at least two points of the macromolecule functionalized, the at least two functionalizations preferably in the form of randomly polymerized functionalized Comonomers are introduced. Examples within the meaning of this claim usable according to the invention Systems are listed in claim 22. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 25, characterized that the at least one second component as at least one variety reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped block copolymer contains that of at least two different polymer blocks, each consisting of at least one unfunctionalized type of monomer is constructed and which is functionalized on at least two points of the macromolecule. Examples for im Meaning of this claim according to the invention usable systems in claim 23 listed. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to Claim 25, characterized that the at least one second component as at least one variety reactive constituents a linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped block copolymer contains which consists of at least two different polymer blocks, wherein at least a polymer block is constructed as a copolymer block and at least an unfunctionalized type of monomer and at least one functionalized Contains monomer and functionalized on at least two points of the macromolecule wherein the at least two functionalizations are preferred in Form of randomly polymerized functionalized comonomers are introduced. examples for Within the meaning of this claim, systems usable according to the invention are in claim 24 listed. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one reactive constituent in at least one component a low molecular weight functionalized Substance is a molecular weight below 5 000 g / mol, preferably below 2 500 g / mol, very preferably below 1 000 g / mol, wherein the Functionalization level is at least two, with the number of molecules, having this functionalization, at over 80%, preferably at over 90% and where the type of functionalization is designed that with at least one Funktionalisierungsart, which in at least one contain reactive ingredient in at least one other component is spontaneously reacted or reacted in the mixed state can be. A pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it contains at least one unfunctionalized or monofunctionalized polymer of linear, branched, grafted or star-shaped structure, wherein the at least one unfunctionalized or monofunctionalized polymer is a homopolymer, random copolymer or a block copolymer containing any number at homopolymer blocks and / or random copolymer blocks, wherein the at least one unfunctionalized or monofunctionalized polymer has a molecular weight M _W below 1,000,000 g / mol, preferably below 100,000 g / mol and wherein the at least one unfunctionalized or monofunctionalized polymer has a softening temperature below + 200 ° C, preferably below +100 ° C, very preferably below +20 ° C shows. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding claims characterized in that at least one of its underlying Component, optional adhesive resins, plasticizers, rheologically active Additives, catalysts, stabilizers, compatibilizers, coupling reagents, Antioxidants, anti-aging agents, light stabilizers, flame retardants, Pigments, dyes, fillers and / or blowing agents contains. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that it comprises a multicomponent reactive process, including a multi-component mixing and dosing plant, produced has been. Pressure-sensitive adhesive according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the coating of the component mixture via a Doctor blade method, doctor blade method, Roll bar jet method Extrusion die method, Casting nozzle or foundry process come into use. Also according to the invention are application methods such as Roller application method, printing method, screen printing method, anilox roller method, Inkjet method and spray method. Self-adhesive tapes, the at least one layer of a PSA after one or more several of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one layer has a layer thickness between 1 μm and 2000 μm, preferably between 5 μm and 1000 μm having. self-adhesive tapes according to claim 35, characterized in that it comprises a carrier film, a backing paper or a foamed one carrier contain. Self-adhesive tape according to claim 35, characterized in that they contain at least one PSA layer in this way is that they do not come in contact with adhesive substrates when bonding the self-adhesive tape comes. Pressure-sensitive adhesive, characterized in that it contains at least 5% of one or more materials, which under the trade designation Actflow ^® from Soken or Desmophen ^® A from Bayer are available or these materials are similar.