DE102004011690A1 - Oscillating drive for depositing mineral fibers on conveyor involves a stationary gear ring with an inner gear of half the diameter running round within it - Google Patents

Abstract

Fibers are deposited on a conveyor belt (3) through a guide (2), which is reciprocated by a link (5). A stationary internally toothed gear ring (41) meshes with an internal gear (42) of half the diameter running round out it. The drive for the link (5) is taken from an adjustable point (51) on the gear (42), the point (51) describing a horizontal elliptical path. When the point (52) is on the rolling circle the link performs a linear motion. The internal gear (42) is mounted on a driven carrier that is supported in external peripheral bearings. Alternatively the carrier can be supported by two additional internal gears rolling round the gear ring (41). The axis of the link (5) is in line with the reversal points (52, 53) of the motion.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for the planar deposition of fiber material, in particular mineral fiber material, on a conveyor organ, which is under the depositor moves through, with a rotary drive, over a Gearbox and a connecting rod coupled with a pendulum element is, which leads the fiber material.

Such a device is used for example as an oscillating guide shaft in a chute in the fiber production and storage (see. EP 0 125 963 A1 and EP 0 118 369 A1 ). A further field of application of particular importance is given in the production of mineral wool products when a relatively thin primary nonwoven is to be folded to a relatively thicker secondary web. Here, the primary non-woven, which contains mineral fibers and uncured binder continuously brought to a pendulum storage device, where it is deflected and gravity following in a pendulum motion to a arranged under the deposit conveyor organ to form a secondary web is stored. Since the conveying member of the secondary web is driven at a lower speed than the conveying member of the primary web, the primary web is deposited in at least partially overlapping layers, so that the secondary web receives a desired thickness.

Conventionally the Pendelablagevorrichtung driven by a crank mechanism, in which a connecting rod at one end with the shuttle and at the other end with a rotatably driven crank disc is coupled. The so-trained push-crank drive has been in proven practice in practice, as he is a reliable Actuation of the pendulum element allows and thereby due to his Simple construction is robust and less prone to failure. An example of such pendulum storage device is given in WO 88/03509.

on the other hand However, it has been shown in practice that such a driven Pendulum element no uniform distribution of the primary nonwoven material on the conveyor allowed under the storage location, so that the secondary web produced thereby no having a homogeneous shape. The reason for this lies in the non-constant Movement speed of the pendulum element during the pendulum movement. So is the speed of the pendulum element in the area of the reversal points equal to zero while she takes a maximum between these reversal points. However, since the primary fleece always discharged at constant speed by the pendulum element is, results in an uneven layer thickness on the secondary web transverse to the direction of movement of the conveyor organ, on which this is deposited. Indeed is in the edge areas of the secondary web more material than arranged in the middle area.

To remedy this problem, according to the EP 0 528 348 A1 proposed to operate the shuttle not via a crank mechanism but via a linear drive, which reciprocates the shuttle between the reversal points with variable speed. This made it possible to achieve a uniform distribution of material by means of a constant activation speed of the pendulum element, at least in a central region of the secondary nonwoven. However, a complete homogenization of the secondary web is not achievable with this drive mechanism, since there are always reversal points in the case of a pendulum motion, where the speed is zero. Even with this known linear drive, therefore, only an approximation to the ideal case was possible. The main reason why this arrangement has become less prevalent in practice, however, lies in their low reliability during continuous operation. The acceleration and braking torques required in each case around the reversal points reached an even greater degree than one tried to approach the ideal case of a homogeneous distribution. In continuous operation is still the fact that the mechanics of this drive is very maintenance-intensive.

Another possibility for the homogenization of the material distribution in a secondary web is in DD 266 565 A5 described. The drive shown here is structurally closer to the conventional crank drive than the linear drive according to the above discussed EP 0 528 348 A1 because the pendulum element is also driven by a connecting rod and a rotary drive here. In this case, however, a kind of gearbox is installed between the rotary drive and the connecting rod, which contains an endless drive chain which runs over two coplanar, spaced-apart sprockets. The articulated on the drive chain foot of the connecting rod therefore performs in the area between the two sprockets each from a linear movement, which then followed in the field of sprockets each have a semicircular reverse movement. In other words, according to the DD 266 565 A5 the given in the conventional crank drive circular motion of the base of the connecting rod divided into two parts, wherein in each case a linear movement is connected for connection therebetween. This ensures that the shuttle, when it sweeps over the central region of the secondary web, is moved at a constant speed. The middle region of the secondary nonwoven thus receives a homogeneous material distribution.

On the other hand, however, in this case in the edge regions of the secondary web further in comparison to the central region greater amount of material, since the shuttle is driven in the semicircular movement sections of the connecting rod foot at a slower speed, and thus can deposit more material. As a rule, these edge regions will therefore have to be separated off in a subsequent processing step, which however leads to disproportionately large material losses. In addition, this construction requires a relatively large space and it is relatively prone to failure, since the range of movement of the base of the connecting rod can not be adequately protected from dust, fibers, etc. The pendulum storage device according to the DD 266 565 A5 Thus, it has not proved to be suitable to solve the problem of uneven material distribution in the secondary web satisfactorily.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the object, the above-mentioned disadvantages to overcome and a device for planar Depositing fiber material, in particular mineral fiber material, with a more homogeneous distribution of the fiber material on one conveying member under the deposit as achievable in the prior art, and They are both compact and reliable Operation is.

These The object is achieved by a device having the features of the claim 1 solved. This is characterized in particular by the fact that the transmission is an internal gear and an outside wheel has, wherein the inner wheel engages positively in the outer wheel and in that unrolls that the for the Engaging effective inner diameter of the outer wheel and the effective outer diameter of the inner wheel in proportion 2: 1, and that the Connecting rod on the transmission side articulated and off-center with the inner wheel is connected, so that the Transmission side pivot point of the connecting rod a substantially describes elliptical trajectory.

The Invention is based on the finding that the through the connecting rod transferred to the shuttle Speed substantially from the deflection of the connecting rod against the Fulcrum of the rotary drive, so from the executed pivotal movement of the connecting rod in one revolution, is determined. As the speed at the reversal points of the pendulum element, which the dead centers of the connecting rod movement correspond, is system-related zero and are not affected can, beats the invention now, the maximum values of the speed at To reduce circulation by the fact that the transmission with a lower Swivel movement of the connecting rod manages.

at a conventional one Crank drive with a uniform circular motion the crank disc and thus constant angular velocity results in a sinusoidal change the speed with corresponding maxima, if the connecting rod is in a middle position between their dead centers.

However, according to the invention by the transmission formed by an internal gear and an external gear achieved with coupled to the inner wheel connecting rod, that the connecting rod no circular Performing movement, but describes a trajectory which is substantially elliptical. In this way, the pivoting movement of the connecting rod with respect to those in a geometrically corresponding, d. H. the same deflection range on the pendulum element producing, crank mechanism can be reduced.

There the inner wheel according to the invention half effective diameter of the outer wheel has, rolls this in the outer wheel in a turning cycle, ie a reciprocating motion of the pendulum element, twice in the outer wheel from. For The pivot point of the connecting rod on the inner wheel therefore results in a Movement path, which differs from a sinusoidal shape and in particular having significantly reduced maxima. This is a reduced according to the invention speed change in the movement cycle and thus a more even movement speed achieved the pendulum element, which is accordingly also a more homogeneous storage of fiber material at the deposit results.

moreover let yourself the device according to the invention designed as a very compact arrangement, as the transmission into each other running wheels contains. The space requirement is therefore low.

Furthermore the device according to the invention is characterized by their high reliability, because the transmission is not subject to unsteady movements, so that the moments occurring are relatively small. The loads of the arrangement can therefore be kept low overall, which is advantageous in terms of the life of the device is.

advantageous Further developments of the device according to the invention are the subject the dependent Claims.

Thus, the major axis of the elliptical trajectory can be arranged at least approximately horizontally. This can be realized by the fact that the transmission-side articulation point of the connecting rod is connected to the inner wheel, that a connecting line through the two dead centers of the connecting rod movement is also aligned horizontally. Thus, a symmetrical movement of the pendulum element is achieved with uniformly rising and falling speeds on both sides of the maximum velocity. The due to gravity substantially vertically falling fiber material is thereby even more evenly deposited at the deposition site. Furthermore, this results in a more uniform stress on the components of the device, which has an advantageous effect on their life.

Especially It is advantageous if the transmission-side articulation point on the Inner wheel is radially adjustable. Then, the device according to the invention can be according to the particular case of use and in particular with regard to adjust to the required degree of homogeneity of the product. It should generally be noted that the occurring maximum velocities the lower are, the farther the pivot point of the connecting rod is spaced from the axis of rotation of the inner wheel.

From Another advantage is when the transmission-side pivot point of the Connecting rod on or near the pitch circle the inner wheel is located. Then it is achieved that this transmission-side pivot point at least approximate straightforward forward and backward movement performs. Ideally, this pivot point of the connecting rod is on the pitch circle of the inner wheel, so that at horizontally arranged connecting line of the two dead centers of Connecting rod movement at all no pivoting movement of the connecting rod occurs. In this case the rotational movement of the rotary drive is thus in a pure linear movement transmit the connecting rod, what the pendulum element to the greatest possible Reduction of the maximum speed leads. The elliptical trajectory then has the theoretical width of zero, d. h., she is one Just "degenerate." The homogeneous distribution of the fiber material over the width of the storage location or the conveyor arranged below it is optimized in this way. But even if the transmission side Anlenkpunkt the connecting rod is not quite in the pitch circle of Innenra of lies, This results in a significant reduction in the maximum speed the movement, since the connecting rod then only a small pivoting movement across from performs a geometrically corresponding crank mechanism.

If the longitudinal axis the connecting rod is aligned to the connecting line through the two Dead center of the connecting rod movement is arranged, results a particularly even distribution of the Fiber material over the width of the deposit or of the moving underneath Conveying member. moreover This results in uniform accelerations on the arrangement, which in turn is beneficial to the life effect. The movement of the connecting rod can thus be optimized transferred to the shuttle.

The Transmission of the device according to the invention let yourself provide in a particularly simple and compact form, if the rotary drive acts on a support disc, which is coaxial with the outer wheel and at the off-center the inner wheel is mounted. Such a drive mechanism can be also readily on conventional storage devices retrofit.

From Another advantage is when the transmission further at least one stabilizer has, wherein the at least one support wheel also engages in the outer wheel and rolls in this, and wherein the axes of rotation of the at least one support wheel and the inner wheel are mounted in a common bracket. Then there can be a balance of power produced within the transmission, whereby the rotary actuator is substantially relieved of one-sided loads. In a particularly preferred embodiment, two support wheels are used for this purpose, then there is a three-point support the in the outer wheel rolling wheels results. This can be a achieve a particularly robust and durable device.

If the form-fitting Engagement of the inner wheel in the outer wheel by a toothing can be manufactured according to the invention on conventional machine elements, namely Gears, resorted become. Such machine elements can be provided comparatively inexpensive be and have proven themselves in practice many times.

In In a preferred embodiment, the shuttle is a Pendulum storage device in a production line for production of mineral wool products, by means of which a primary nonwoven folded up into a secondary nonwoven becomes. The device according to the invention let yourself Use particularly advantageous in this manufacturing sector, as here conventional significant material losses due to uneven distribution of mineral wool over the Width of the secondary web have occurred, which are now fixed.

In an alternative embodiment, the shuttle is a oscillating guide shaft in the chute in the course of fiber production is used to transfer the fibers over one possible wide area on the conveyor organ applied. The device according to the invention let yourself thus also in this section of the production line of fiber products advantageous use.

The Invention will be described below in embodiments with reference to FIG Figures of the drawing closer explained. It shows:

1 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention for the planar deposition of fiber material;

2 a schematic representation of a transmission of the device according to the invention in a first embodiment;

3 a schematic side view of the transmission according to 2 ;

4 a schematic representation of a transmission of the device according to the invention in a second embodiment;

5 a schematic side view of the transmission according to 4 ;

6 a graph in which the speed of movement of the connecting rod is entered with respect to the rotational angle of the rotary drive, wherein for comparison in addition to the speed of movement in the device according to the invention also the speed curve is shown in a conventional crank mechanism; and

7 a diagram with respect to the amount of waste of fiber material per web width section, which is also a comparison between the device according to the invention and a conventional crank mechanism is shown.

According to the schematic representation in 1 has a device 1 for planar deposition of fiber material a pendulum element 2 on, which controls the falling stream of the fiber material. Here, the pendulum element passes over 2 the deposition site, so as a two-dimensional distribution of the deductible by gravity fiber material across the width of a conveyor organ 3 manufacture. The pendulum element 2 is driven by a rotary drive, not shown, which via a transmission 4 and a connecting rod coupled thereto 5 the pendulum motion of the pendulum element 2 controls.

As in more detail 2 recognizable contains the gearbox 4 a stationary outer wheel 41 in which an inner wheel rolling therein 42 positively engages. The outer wheel 41 and the inner wheel 42 are formed in the present embodiment as gears, which is schematically indicated in the figure. The inner wheel 42 has half the diameter and half the number of teeth of the outer wheel 41 on. Therefore, the inner wheel leads 42 make two complete turns until it's in the outer wheel 41 get back to the starting point of the orbital motion.

As seen from the side view 3 recognizable, the transmission becomes 4 by a drive shaft 43 of the rotary drive, not shown here, which rotates on a support disc 44 transfers. The support disk 44 is mounted circumferentially by a rolling or sliding bearing. Further, the inner wheel 42 so eccentrically on the support plate 44 stored in that it engages the outer wheel 41 is. As from the schematic representation in the 2 and 3 Furthermore, it can be seen, is a connecting rod of the connecting rod 5 via a pivot point 51 (in 1 indicated by a circle) off-center to the inner wheel 42 hinged. In the present embodiment, the articulation point 51 on the pitch circle of the inner wheel 42 , In practice, for this purpose, a holder not shown in the figures is concentric and rotationally fixed to the inner wheel 42 arranged in which a bearing point for the connecting rod of the connecting rod 5 is trained.

As in particular from a synopsis of 1 and 2 it can be seen leads the connecting rod 5 in this configuration during operation a pure longitudinal movement in the sense of a forward and backward movement. Whenever the pivot point 51 adjacent to the outer wheel 41 comes to rest, reaches the movement of the connecting rod 5 a dead center, something in 1 through the two dead centers 52 and 53 is marked. The two dead centers of the connecting rod movement then correspond to the reversal points of the pendulum movement of the pendulum element 2 ,

How out 1 It can also be seen that the two dead centers are located 52 and 53 the connecting rod movement in the present embodiment on a horizontal line, that is perpendicular to a central storage direction of the deposited by gravity fiber material in the shuttle 2 , It also aligns the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod 5 with the connecting line between the dead centers 52 and 53 , so that a uniform pendulum motion on the pendulum element 2 results.

In the in the 1 to 3 shown configuration of the device 1 leads the connecting rod 5 therefore no drive on the drive side pivoting. In the conventional crank mechanism, however, a reciprocating pivotal movement of the connecting rod occurred about a central axis, whereby additional accelerations occurred and on the pendulum element 2 were transferred.

In the 4 and 5 is a modified embodiment of the transmission 4 shown. These Embodiment differs from that in the 2 and 3 essentially in that in the outer wheel 41 two support wheels 45 and 46 in addition to the inner wheel 42 roll. On a circumferential bearing one here as a common support for the inner wheel 42 as well as the two support wheels 45 and 46 Serving wheel 47 can therefore be waived. Force moments occurring in the arrangement are produced by the three-point support of the carrier disk thus produced 47 added. In addition is in 5 another additional drive shaft bearing 48 indicated schematically, which serves as additional support for the arrangement.

Because the articulation point 51 the connecting rod 5 also in this embodiment on the pitch circle of the inner wheel 42 lies, leads the connecting rod 5 also no pivoting movement, but a pure reciprocating motion along its longitudinal axis.

Based on 6 and 7 are the advantageous properties of the device according to the invention 1 illustrated in comparison to a conventional crank mechanism.

In 6 is the speed of the connecting rod 5 represented by the swept angle of the rotary drive. By way of illustration, a conventional crank drive is shown schematically at the top left of this diagram. How out 6 can be seen has a curve indicating the speed of a connecting rod in a conventional crank mechanism 61 a substantially sinusoidal course, in the present graph, only a half-curve for the range between 0 ° or 180 ° of the movement is shown. The maximum movement speed of 25 km / h here results at an angle of 90 °, ie when the connecting rod has reached its maximum deflection and is centered between its two dead centers. The course of the curve 61 is based on the uniform angular velocity specified here by the rotary drive.

According to the invention, however, it has been recognized that the speed maximum given here can be reduced by reducing the deflection of the connecting rod on the drive. In the device according to the invention 1 the distance of the articulation point changes 51 the connecting rod 5 from the through the drive shaft 43 defined axis of rotation of the rotary drive continuously during the movement, which, as stated above, can also completely avoid the pivotal movement of the connecting rod. This results in a significantly different curve 62 compared to the curve 61 in the prior art. How out 6 can be seen, the speed increases in the area of the dead centers 52 and 53 (0 ° and 180 ° angular position), although faster than in the prior art; However, it relatively soon goes over into a substantially constant speed range, which has its maximum significantly lower than that of a conventional crank mechanism.

In 7 For example, the resulting amount of stockage of fiber material per web width section is shown both for the prior art and for the invention. This shows the curve 71 the amount of waste in the prior art while the curve 72 the amount of waste in the device according to the invention 1 reproduces. From these curves 71 and 72 It can be seen that the edge accumulation in the prior art is significantly greater than is now within the scope of the invention. This becomes especially clear when looking at each curve 71 respectively. 72 compares the maximum value with the minimum value and sets them in relation to each other. Here, for the crank mechanism according to the prior art results in a ratio of about 10: 1, while the edge accumulation in the invention represents only about 3.5 times the material storage in the central region.

The Invention leaves beside the embodiments set forth further design approaches to.

Thus, the device according to the invention 1 Not only used for the pendulum storage of a primary web to a secondary web advantageous but also already be used in the chute, for example, in the mineral wool production. Here, the mineral wool fibers just produced in Zerfaserungsstationen be deposited due to the effect of gravity on a storage belt and form a nonwoven, the fibers in the chute usually a binder is added. In order to achieve favorable widths for the deposited nonwoven here, it is known to use an oscillating guide shaft (so-called "flip-flap"), which represents a pendulum element and allows the distribution of mineral fibers over a larger band area in the transverse direction to the passing through the transport member.

In addition, however, it is also possible for the device according to the invention 1 to use in the manufacture of products other than mineral wool products; For example, it can also be used in the manufacture of plastic fiber products.

Furthermore, it is also possible that the articulation point 51 on the inner wheel 42 not on the rolling circle of this inner wheel. As long as the articulation point 51 not directly on the axis of rotation of the inner wheel 42 comes to rest, this results in a non-circular, but a substantially elliptical trajectory. This also reduces the pivotal movement of the connecting rod compared with that in a corresponding geometric crank mechanism as in the prior art. Accordingly, the velocity course of a sol Chen arrangement over the conventional crank mechanism changed so that results in lower maximum velocities. In other words, a more homogeneous distribution already results for the deposition amount of the fiber material if the point of articulation 51 of the connecting rod foot just not on the pivot point of the inner wheel 42 lies, with the quantity distribution on the storage belt increasingly uniformed, the closer the point of articulation 51 on the pitch circle of the inner wheel 42 to be led. Direct in Wälzkreis results in the above ideal situation that the pivotal movement of the connecting rod completely eliminated.

The inner wheel 42 and the outside wheel 41 can also be configured as a friction wheel or the like, as long as it is reliably ensured for practical operation that no relevant slip occurs.

To achieve the advantages of the invention, it is also not necessary that the two dead centers of the connecting rod movement lie on a connecting line which extends substantially horizontally; Depending on the application, it may also be appropriate to deviate from this, for example by a desired different material distribution over the width of the conveyor organ 3 to achieve at the collection point. That is, by adjusting the line connecting the dead centers in a different angle to the horizontal asymmetric Rohdichteperteilungen over the web width can be produced in a simple manner.

Further It is also not absolutely necessary that the longitudinal axis of the connecting rod is aligned with the Connecting line is arranged through the two dead centers. Also this may vary depending on local conditions deviated, without the invention sought after Equalization of Depositing amount of the fiber material on the conveying member substantially below suffers.

Claims (10)

Contraption ( 1 ) for the planar deposition of fiber material, in particular mineral fiber material, on a conveying member ( 3 ), which moves under the deposit, with a rotary drive, via a transmission ( 4 ) and a connecting rod ( 5 ) with a pendulum element ( 2 ), which guides the fiber material, characterized in that the transmission ( 4 ) an inner wheel ( 42 ) and an outer wheel ( 41 ), wherein the inner wheel ( 42 ) positively in the outer wheel ( 41 ) engages and unrolls in this, that the effective for the engagement inner diameter of the outer wheel ( 41 ) and the effective outer diameter of the inner wheel ( 42 ) in the ratio 2: 1, and that the connecting rod ( 5 ) on the transmission side articulated and off-center with the inner wheel ( 42 ), so that a transmission-side articulation point ( 51 ) of the connecting rod ( 5 ) describes a substantially elliptical trajectory. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the size Axis of the elliptical trajectory arranged at least approximately horizontally is. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transmission-side articulation point ( 51 ) on the inner wheel ( 42 ) is radially adjustable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transmission-side articulation point ( 51 ) of the connecting rod ( 5 ) on or near the pitch circle of the inner wheel ( 42 ), so that it performs a substantially rectilinear forward and backward movement. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a longitudinal axis of the connecting rod ( 5 ) aligned to the connecting line through dead centers ( 52 . 53 ) of the connecting rod movement is arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rotary drive on a support disc ( 44 ; 47 ) which is coaxial with the outer wheel ( 41 ) and at the eccentrically the inner wheel ( 42 ) is stored. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the transmission ( 4 ) at least one support wheel, preferably two support wheels ( 45 . 46 ), wherein the at least one support wheel also in the outer wheel ( 41 ) and rolls in this, and wherein the axes of rotation of the at least one support wheel and the inner wheel ( 42 ) in a common holder ( 47 ) are stored. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the positive engagement of the inner wheel ( 42 ) in the outer wheel ( 41 ) is made by a toothing. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pendulum element ( 2 ) is a Pendelablagevorrichtung in a production line for the production of mineral wool products, by means of which a primary web is unfolded into a secondary web. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the pendulum element ( 2 ) is an oscillating guide well used in a chute in fiber production.