DE1017600B - Device for carrying out the electrical use of the decomposition energy of alkali amalgams - Google Patents

Description

GERMAN

The subject of patent application K 23651 IVa / 121 is a method for the electrical use of the decomposition energy of amalgams in an amalgam decomposition cell, in which an amalgam electrode is opposed to a counter-electrode (depalarization electrode) serving for the deposition of hydrogen, in such a way that the amalgam decomposition cell at current densities greater than 5 amps / dm ² , based on the geometric surface of the counter-electrode, acts as a galvanic element delivering current.

In this "process, as in other processes, the alkali chloride electrolysis is carried out in the formation cell gaseous chlorine is formed from sodium chloride on a graphite anode and on a mercury cathode Sodium amalgam generated.

The sodium amalgam becomes in the decomposition cell decomposed with the formation of NaOH and hydrogen, the decomposition energy being used electrically when the decomposition cell is connected in series with the external DC power source. The one at the The voltage lying in the formation cell increases in this case by the amount of voltage generated by the decomposition cell is delivered.

The currents in the formation and in the decomposition cell are the same size when kept in series, and thus there is just as much amalgam in the unit of time formed as is decomposed. If now, as is the case in practice, part of that in the educational cell amalgam formed is decomposed again as a result of side reactions in this cell, so In the course of the electrolysis, amalgam is depleted in the decomposition cell, which leads to malfunctions can result in the electrolysis process. The currents in the formation and in the decomposition cell must therefore not be the same size, but must match the current yields in both cells will. For this adaptation of the currents, a circuit was specified by Castner, after that for the decomposition cell there is a shunt resistance is used, which should enable the desired adjustment of the currents on the current yields in the two cells (formation and decomposition zones). These However, circuit can not be realized in the method according to the main patent, because it is the Decomposition cell acts as a galvanic element. In this case, how would be mathematically exact with With the help of Kirchhof's equations, it is possible to prove that the current from the nickel electrode is a minor impedance to the amalgam electrode and within the decomposition cell from the amalgam to the nickel electrode flow. This would result in an increase in current within the decomposition cell and not the required lowering of the amperage.

Device for implementation
the electrical use of the decomposition energy of alkali amalgams

Addition to patent application K 23651 IVa / 121
(Auslegeschrift 1 009 172)

Applicant:

Dr. Ludwig Kandier,

Munich-Solln, Bräutigamstr. 18

and Dr. hc Hans Vogt,
Erlau via Passau, house 24 1/5

Dr. Max Frey, Hohenpeißenberg near Weilheim,

Dr. Ludwig Kandier, Munich-Solln,

and Dr. H. c. Hans Vogt, Eger over Passau,

have been named as inventors

According to the invention, a device is used for carrying out the method of the main patent, in which to coordinate the current strengths in the amalgam formation and the amalgam decomposition cell there is an additional electrode on the current yield in these cells in the formation cell, which does not go through the decomposition cell to the external power source that supplies the electrolysis current, connected. With the arrangement of the divided electrodes in the formation cell and under application the mentioned circuit for the additional electrode is the equalization of the currents in the formation and Decomposition cell reached the current yields. The change in current strength in the formation cell opposite the current intensity in the decomposition cell is determined by the ratio of the surface area the additional electrode for the surface size of the remaining anodes in the formation cell.

If the current yield in the formation cell changes, this leads to a constant set ratio the surface area of the two electrodes became known over time. Operational disruptions. Such Disturbances are avoided if means of changing the ratio of the surface area of the two Electrodes of the formation cell are provided or

709 756/378

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a variable resistor is arranged in the circuit of the additional electrode of the formation cell.

For the continuous implementation of the electrolysis, it is advantageous to determine the ratio of the surface area of the two electrodes in the formation cell so that the current in the decomposition cell is slightly less than it is the maximum current yield would correspond. One will z. B. a yield of 90% instead of 95% of the amperage provide in the education cell. The mercury emerging from the decomposition cell indicates this still has a small amount of sodium left, corresponding to the lower current strength in the decomposition cell. To avoid that when continuous Mercury circulation a summation of these residual amounts of sodium occurs as another Feature of the invention in the circulation of mercury between the decomposition cell and the formation cell an additional decomposer. in particular a graphite decomposer, arranged in which the decomposition of the remaining amalgam takes place, so that the mercury flows back amalgam-free into the formation cell. In an additional decomposer of this type, which acts as a buffer, there are also power outages at the same time automatically balanced. As additional decomposer kornmen known embodiments in question, z. B. those that work according to the principle of the so-called trickle tower.

In the drawing is the one required for the operation of the device according to the invention Circuit arrangement shown as an example.

The graphite anodes 1 and 2 are subdivided into a large part 1 and a smaller part Part 2 (additional electrode). Both electrodes are electrically isolated from each other. The electrode 1 will connected to the nickel electrode 3 of the secondary cell. The additional electrode 2 is connected directly to the positive pole of the external power source 4. By the Surface ratio of electrode 1 to electrode 2 is the ratio of the currents in the formation and Given decomposition cell. It can also be by arrangement a variable resistor in the circuit of the additional electrode 2, the current strength in this Circuit be variably adjustable.

The ratio of electrodes 1 and 2 to one another is dimensioned according to predetermined ones, in particular Tried or tried out lines of thought, preference is given to the ratio of those who work actively Select electrode areas of the formation cell to each other so that the current intensity of this cell is about 5 to 10% higher than in the decomposition cell in order to match the current output in this way to reach the two cells .. _ ..

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. A device for performing the method for electrical use of the decomposition »^ · ¹ energy of alkali amalgams according to patent application K 23651 IVa / 121, characterized in that for tuning the power strengths in Amalgambildungs- and AmälgamzersetziÄigs ^v cell to the current yields in these Cells in the formation cell have an additional electrode which is not connected via the decomposition cell to the external power source which conducts the low electrolysis current. _; ,,, '.: " ^{! l} " 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, daduiW; 'characterized in that a variable ^{resistor is arranged to regulate the nonrßSer, the decomposition cell flowing partial current - 1} JjJD: circuit of the additional electrode. . : 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, dadurdi 'gfe characterized in that an HfIfέ decomposer is arranged in the mercury circulation between the decomposition and formation cell: in which the BÖCtt existing residual amounts of amalgam are destroyed. Z ¹ : ■, 'viii; » '! ■! If 1 sheet of drawings : Il ΐ © 709 7567378 10.57