DE10137564A1 - Screening for drugs in a human or animal, comprises taking the condensation from exhaled breath, to be prepared for quantitative and qualitative analysis on site or to give a sample for a laboratory - Google Patents
Screening for drugs in a human or animal, comprises taking the condensation from exhaled breath, to be prepared for quantitative and qualitative analysis on site or to give a sample for a laboratoryInfo
- Publication number
- DE10137564A1 DE10137564A1 DE2001137564 DE10137564A DE10137564A1 DE 10137564 A1 DE10137564 A1 DE 10137564A1 DE 2001137564 DE2001137564 DE 2001137564 DE 10137564 A DE10137564 A DE 10137564A DE 10137564 A1 DE10137564 A1 DE 10137564A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- drugs
- analysis
- condensation
- human
- animal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000004451 qualitative analysis Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007877 drug screening Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000010241 blood sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012468 concentrated sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001900 immune effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004081 narcotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/483—Physical analysis of biological material
- G01N33/497—Physical analysis of biological material of gaseous biological material, e.g. breath
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N2001/2282—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state with cooling means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
- G01N2001/4033—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes sample concentrated on a cold spot, e.g. condensation or distillation
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Gegenwärtig ist für eine genaue Bestimmung und damit etwa der Feststellung einer Beeinträchtigung der Fahrtauglichkeit infolge des Vorhandenseins von Arzneimitteln oder Drogen oder eines Verstoßes gegen das Betäubungsmittelgesetz die Blutentnahme oder die Gewinnung von Urin erforderlich. Für die Blutentnahme muss in der Regel eine Klink aufgesucht werden, die Uringewinnung ist durch den Patienten relativ leicht manipulierbar. Dies sind wesentliche Nachteile. At present there is one for an exact determination and thus about the determination Impairment of roadworthiness due to the presence of drugs or Drugs or a violation of the Narcotics Act the collection of urine is required. A clinic is usually required for blood sampling the urine is relatively easy to obtain by the patient manipulated. These are major drawbacks.
Weiterhin ist die Nutzung der Ausatemluft zur Feststellung einer Beeinträchtigung der Fahrtauglichkeit infolge des Vorhandenseins von Alkohol bekannt. Alkohol weist bei 37°C einen hohen Dampfdruck auf, so dass schon geringe Luftmengen eine für die Analyse ausreichende messbare Menge Alkohol aufweisen. Dies ist bei Arzneimitteln und insbesondere Drogen nicht der Fall, so dass diese Untersuchungsmethode ausscheidet. Furthermore, the use of exhaled air to determine an impairment of the Driveability known due to the presence of alcohol. Alcohol proves 37 ° C a high vapor pressure, so that even small amounts of air are one for the Analysis have sufficient measurable amount of alcohol. This is with medicines and Drugs in particular are not the case, so this method of examination is ruled out.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die qualitative und quantitative Feststellung des Vorhandenseins von Arzneimitteln oder Drogen im menschlichen oder tierischen Körper sicher direkt Vorort vorzunehmen, oder eine transportfähige körpereigene Substanz zu gewinnen, die einer späteren Auswertung im Labor unterzogen wird und sichere Messergebnisse liefert. The object of the invention is to determine the qualitative and quantitative of the Presence of drugs or drugs in the human or animal body safely carry out directly on site, or a transportable endogenous substance win, which is subjected to a later evaluation in the laboratory and safe Delivers measurement results.
Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Verfahrensanspruches 1, vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche. This object is achieved with the characterizing features of method claim 1 , advantageous embodiments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur qualitativen und quantitativen Feststellung des Vorhandenseins von Arzneimitteln oder Drogen im menschlichen oder tierischen Körper sieht vor, dass als Untersuchungsmedium Atemkondensat, die bei der Ausatmung kondensierende Feuchtigkeit, verwendet wird. The method according to the invention for the qualitative and quantitative determination of the Presence of drugs or drugs in the human or animal body stipulates that as a test medium breathing condensate that occurs during exhalation condensing moisture is used.
Die Fachwelt beschränkte sich in der Vergangenheit bei der Analyse des Atemkondensats auf die Feststellung körpereigener Substanzen, um daraus Schlussfolgerungen im Hinblick auf die Ursache von Beschwerden und Funktionsstörungen zu ziehen. Über Jahre wurde die Möglichkeit der Nutzung des Atemkondensats zur qualitativen und quantitativen Feststellung des Vorhandenseins von Arzneimitteln oder Drogen im menschlichen oder tierischen Körper nicht gesehen. In the past, experts restricted themselves to analyzing the breath condensate on the detection of the body 's own substances in order to draw conclusions from it Draw attention to the cause of complaints and malfunctions. For years was the possibility of using the breath condensate for qualitative and quantitative determination of the presence of drugs or drugs in human or animal body not seen.
Atemkondensat ist prinzipiell nicht invasiv, beliebig oft und auch durch nichtmedizinisches Personal leicht zu gewinnen. Es enthält neben Wasser eine Vielzahl schwer- bzw nichtflüchtiger Substanzen, die größtenteils die biochemische Zusammensetzung der unteren Atemwege widerspiegeln. Derartige Substanzen sind bei Messungen der Ausatemluft wegen der geringen Konzentrationen in der Ausatemluft nicht nachweisbar, zumindest nicht mit vertretbarem apparativen Aufwand. In principle, breath condensate is not invasive, as often as required and also through easy to attract non-medical personnel. In addition to water, it contains a variety of heavy or non-volatile substances, which largely the biochemical composition of the reflect lower respiratory tract. Such substances are used in measurements of Exhaled air cannot be detected due to the low concentrations in the exhaled air, at least not with reasonable expenditure on equipment.
Die messbare Menge derartiger Substanzen läßt sich jedoch im Atemkondensat deutlich erhöhen, da bei der Gewinnung wesentlich größere Mengen der Ausatemluft verarbeitet werden. Daher ist es möglich köperfremde Substanzen, wie Arzneimittel und Drogen, die in der Epithelflüssigkeit vorkommen, im Atemkondensat nachzuweisen. However, the measurable amount of such substances can be clearly seen in the breath condensate increase, since much larger quantities of exhaled air are processed during the extraction become. Therefore, it is possible for foreign substances such as drugs and drugs occur in the epithelial fluid, can be detected in the respiratory condensate.
Die Gewinnung des Atemkondensates kann durch kommerziell verfügbare Geräte erfolgen. The breathing condensate can be obtained by commercially available devices respectively.
Das Atemkondensat wird entweder direkt der Analyse zugeführt oder mit einem oder
mehreren der folgenden Verfahren vorbehandelt:
- - Filtration über oberflächenmodifizierte oder nichtmodifizierte Filtermaterialien;
- - Extraktion durch organische Lösungsmittel, superkritische Flüssigkeiten
- - oder modifizierte Festphasen;
- - Anreicherung der Analysesubstanz durch Verdampfen der flüchtigen Bestandteile des Atemkondensates;
- - Reaktionen zur Spaltung von Proteinbindungen;
- - Hydrolysereaktionen zur Spaltung von Schwefelsäure- oder Glucoronsäureestern.
- - Filtration over surface modified or unmodified filter materials;
- - extraction by organic solvents, supercritical liquids
- - or modified solid phases;
- - Enrichment of the analysis substance by evaporating the volatile components of the breath condensate;
- - reactions to cleave protein bonds;
- - Hydrolysis reactions for the cleavage of sulfuric acid or glucoronic acid esters.
Die Analyse selbst erfolgt mittels:
- - Chromatographischer Verfahren mit verschiedenen Detektoren;
- - colorimetrischer Verfahren;
- - unter Verwendung von nach verschiednen Prinzipien funktionierenden Fertigtesten zum Drogenscreening;
- - mittels immunologisch oder elektrochemisch arbeitender Biosensoren.
- - Chromatographic methods with different detectors;
- - colorimetric method;
- - using ready-made drug screening tests based on different principles;
- - Using immunological or electrochemical biosensors.
Die genannten Probenvorbereitungs- und Analyseverfahren können teilweise oder vollständig automatisiert bzw. online oder offline mit der Gewinnung des Atemkondensates durchgeführt werden. The sample preparation and analysis methods mentioned can be partial or fully automated or online or offline with the extraction of the breath condensate be performed.
Neben der qualitativen und quantitativen Feststellung des Vorhandenseins von Arzneimitteln oder Drogen im menschlichen oder tierischen Körper durch die Analyse des Atemkondensates vorort, bietet die konzentrierte Probe auch den Vorteil einer Nachanalyse im Labor. In addition to the qualitative and quantitative determination of the presence of Medicines or drugs in the human or animal body by analyzing the Breathing condensate on site, the concentrated sample also offers the advantage of a Follow-up analysis in the laboratory.
Claims (7)
die Analyse mittels
Chromatographischer Verfahren mit verschiedenen Detektoren;
colorimetrischer Verfahren;
unter Verwendung von nach verschiednen Prinzipien funktionierenden Fertigtesten zum Drogenscreening oder
mittels immunologisch oder elektrochemisch arbeitender Biosensoren erfolgt. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that
the analysis by means of
Chromatographic process with different detectors;
colorimetric method;
using ready-made drug screening tests based on different principles or
by means of immunologically or electrochemically working biosensors.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001137564 DE10137564A1 (en) | 2001-07-30 | 2001-07-30 | Screening for drugs in a human or animal, comprises taking the condensation from exhaled breath, to be prepared for quantitative and qualitative analysis on site or to give a sample for a laboratory |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001137564 DE10137564A1 (en) | 2001-07-30 | 2001-07-30 | Screening for drugs in a human or animal, comprises taking the condensation from exhaled breath, to be prepared for quantitative and qualitative analysis on site or to give a sample for a laboratory |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE10137564A1 true DE10137564A1 (en) | 2003-02-27 |
Family
ID=7693905
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2001137564 Ceased DE10137564A1 (en) | 2001-07-30 | 2001-07-30 | Screening for drugs in a human or animal, comprises taking the condensation from exhaled breath, to be prepared for quantitative and qualitative analysis on site or to give a sample for a laboratory |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE10137564A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005020102B3 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-30 | Universität Potsdam | Method and device for obtaining and analyzing respiratory condensates |
| US10052045B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-08-21 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method for testing oral malodor |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2587497A1 (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-20 | Marelli Autronica | ACCELERATION OR VIBRATION SENSOR |
| EP0269709B1 (en) * | 1986-06-14 | 1992-01-29 | LION LABORATORIES plc | Alcohol or drugs breath detecting devices |
| DE9421065U1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-05-11 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Device for collecting exhaled breath condensate |
| DE19607646A1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-11 | Joerg Volkmann | Detection of consumption of hashish or marijuana |
| DE29712836U1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1997-09-18 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Condensate trap to collect exhaled breath condensate |
| DE29803485U1 (en) * | 1998-03-04 | 1998-05-14 | Bionorica Arzneimittel GmbH, 92318 Neumarkt | Device for determining at least one substance contained in the exhaled air of a living being |
| DE19718925A1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-10-29 | Medium Sensor Gmbh | Recovery of component fractions from exhaled air |
| WO1999028743A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-10 | Ufz-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle Gmbh | Device for investigating respiratory tract diseases and diagnostic agents |
| US5962335A (en) * | 1997-01-03 | 1999-10-05 | Oridion Medical Ltd. | Breath test for detection of drug metabolism |
| DE20001995U1 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2000-07-13 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Device for analyzing exhaled air and / or for collecting samples |
| DE19951204A1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-05-10 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft Fu | Apparatus to analyze the components in the exhaled air of a patient forms a condensation to be caught by a filter or storage layer to give a sample passed directly to electrochemical sensors for measurement |
| WO2001034024A1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-17 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Marker detection method and apparatus to monitor drug compliance |
-
2001
- 2001-07-30 DE DE2001137564 patent/DE10137564A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2587497A1 (en) * | 1985-09-17 | 1987-03-20 | Marelli Autronica | ACCELERATION OR VIBRATION SENSOR |
| EP0269709B1 (en) * | 1986-06-14 | 1992-01-29 | LION LABORATORIES plc | Alcohol or drugs breath detecting devices |
| DE9421065U1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-05-11 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Device for collecting exhaled breath condensate |
| DE19607646A1 (en) * | 1996-02-29 | 1997-09-11 | Joerg Volkmann | Detection of consumption of hashish or marijuana |
| US5962335A (en) * | 1997-01-03 | 1999-10-05 | Oridion Medical Ltd. | Breath test for detection of drug metabolism |
| US6180414B1 (en) * | 1997-01-03 | 2001-01-30 | Oridion Medical Ltd. | Breath test for detection of drug metabolism |
| DE19718925A1 (en) * | 1997-04-28 | 1998-10-29 | Medium Sensor Gmbh | Recovery of component fractions from exhaled air |
| DE29712836U1 (en) * | 1997-07-10 | 1997-09-18 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Condensate trap to collect exhaled breath condensate |
| WO1999028743A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-10 | Ufz-Umweltforschungszentrum Leipzig-Halle Gmbh | Device for investigating respiratory tract diseases and diagnostic agents |
| DE19755471A1 (en) * | 1997-12-03 | 1999-06-17 | Ufz Leipzighalle Gmbh | Device for examining respiratory diseases and diagnostic means |
| DE29803485U1 (en) * | 1998-03-04 | 1998-05-14 | Bionorica Arzneimittel GmbH, 92318 Neumarkt | Device for determining at least one substance contained in the exhaled air of a living being |
| DE19951204A1 (en) * | 1999-10-15 | 2001-05-10 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft Fu | Apparatus to analyze the components in the exhaled air of a patient forms a condensation to be caught by a filter or storage layer to give a sample passed directly to electrochemical sensors for measurement |
| WO2001034024A1 (en) * | 1999-11-08 | 2001-05-17 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | Marker detection method and apparatus to monitor drug compliance |
| DE20001995U1 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2000-07-13 | Filt Forschungsgesellschaft für Lungen- und Thoraxerkrankungen mbH, 13125 Berlin | Device for analyzing exhaled air and / or for collecting samples |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005020102B3 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-30 | Universität Potsdam | Method and device for obtaining and analyzing respiratory condensates |
| US10052045B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2018-08-21 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Method for testing oral malodor |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OP8 | Request for examination as to paragraph 44 patent law | ||
| 8131 | Rejection |