DE10128885A1 - Curable mixtures, processes for their preparation and their use - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of blocked, partially blocked and unblocked polyisocyanates for thermally cross-linking primary and/or secondary carbamate group-containing compounds by the chemical reaction of the isocyanate groups with the carbamate groups. The invention further relates to curable mixtures of substances that contain, as the complementary reactive functional groups, primary and/or secondary carbamate groups and blocked and/or unblocked isocyanate groups that are effectively available for cross-linking the carbamate groups. The invention also relates to the use of the curable mixtures of substances as coating agents, adhesives and sealing compounds as well as to their use for producing the same.

Description

The present invention relates to the novel use of blocked, Partially blocked and / or unblocked polyisocyanates for thermal Crosslinking of compounds containing carbamate groups. Also concerns the present invention new curable mixtures of substances which are based on the reaction of blocked, partially blocked and / or unblocked polyisocyanates Crosslink compounds containing carbamate groups. Furthermore concerns the The present invention a new method for producing the new, curable Mixtures. Last but not least, the present invention relates to the use of the new, curable mixtures of substances, in particular as coating materials, adhesives and sealants.

The use of blocked, partially blocked and / or unblocked Polyisocyanates for the thermal crosslinking of compounds that isocyanate-reactive, functional groups such as hydroxyl, thiol and / or primary and / or contain secondary amino groups has long been known.

Likewise, the use of aminoplast resins for the thermal crosslinking of compounds, the carbamate groups of the general formula I:

-OC (O) -NHR (I),

wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, known. Reference is made, for example, to European patent applications EP 0 594 068 A1, EP 0 594 142 A1 and EP 0 675 141 B1 or international patent application WO 94/10211.

• 1. eine Hydroxyl- und Carbamatgruppen enthaltende Verbindung,
• 2. ein Polyisocyanat-Vernetzungsmittel und
• 3. ein Aminoplast-Vernetzungsmittel

enthält. Alternativ enthält der härtbare Beschichtungsstoff:

• 1. eine Carbamatgruppen enthaltende Verbindung,
• 2. eine Hydroxylgruppen enthaltende Verbindung,
• 3. ein Polyisocyanat-Vernetzungsmittel und
• 4. ein Aminoplast-Vernetzungsmittel.

Curable coating materials are known from the European patent application EP 0 915 113 A1

• 1. a compound containing hydroxyl and carbamate groups,
• 2. a polyisocyanate crosslinking agent and
• 3. an aminoplast crosslinking agent

contains. Alternatively, the curable coating material contains:

• 1. a compound containing carbamate groups,
• 2. a compound containing hydroxyl groups,
• 3. a polyisocyanate crosslinking agent and
• 4. an aminoplast crosslinking agent.

• - die effektiven Äquivalente des Aminoplast-Vernetzungsmittels gleich oder kleiner sind als die Äquivalente der Carbamatgruppen und
• - die effektiven Äquivalente des Polyisocyanat-Vernetzungsmittels gleich oder kleiner sind als die Äquivalente der Hydroxylgruppen.

It is essential here that

• - The effective equivalents of the aminoplast crosslinking agent are equal to or less than the equivalents of the carbamate groups and
• - The effective equivalents of the polyisocyanate crosslinking agent are equal to or less than the equivalents of the hydroxyl groups.

This combination ensures that the viscosity in the initial phase of Networking does not fall so far that the flow of the Surface defects such as runners, depressions, "grease Edges "or orange peel.

The effect is based on the fact that the aminoplast crosslinking agent initially with the Carbamate groups react before the blocked isocyanate groups of the Polyisocyanate crosslinking agent react with the hydroxyl groups. By the Equivalent ratio is also achieved that the aminoplast Crosslinking agent does not react with the hydroxyl groups and so undesirable Forms ether groups, the targets for aggressive chemicals such as acidic Rain, or actinic radiation, such as UV radiation.

If polyisocyanate crosslinking agents with free isocyanate groups are used, these react with the hydroxyl groups before the aminoplast Crosslinking agent reacts with the carbamate groups, causing the same effect is achieved.

The crosslinking of the known coating material through the reaction of the blocked or unblocked isocyanate groups with the carbamate groups not described in EP 0 915 113 A1.

In the unpublished German patent application DE 100 27 296.7, the following two lists of reactive, functional groups are listed in an overview, from which 92 pairs of complementary, reactive, functional groups can theoretically be derived: Overview of examples of complementary, reactive, functional groups in

In the overview, the variable R 'stands for an acyclic or cyclic, aliphatic, an aromatic and / or an aromatic-aliphatic (araliphatic) residue; the variables R "and R '' 'stand for the same or different aliphatic radicals or are together to form an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring linked.

It continues in the unpublished German patent application stated that preferably at crosslinking temperatures of 60 to 180 ° C. Thio, hydroxyl, N-methylolamino, N-alkoxymethylamino, imino, carbamate, Allophanate and / or carboxyl groups, preferably hydroxyl or Carboxyl groups, on the one hand and preferably crosslinking agents with anhydride, Carboxyl, epoxy, blocked isocyanate, urethane, methylol, methylol ether, Siloxane, carbonate, amino, hydroxy and / or beta-hydroxyalkylamide groups, preferably epoxy, beta-hydroxyalkylamide, blocked isocyanate, urethane or Alkoxymethylamino groups, on the other hand.

The pair "carbamate / isocyanate" is therefore not described expressly verbis, but can at most be selected by choosing from two extensive ones Derive lists. Such a selection stands in the way, that in the stand the technology finds no evidence that carbamate groups and Isocyanate groups complementary, reactive, functional groups for the could represent thermal crosslinking. In addition, in the examples of unpublished, German patent application only the couple "Carboxyl groups / epoxy groups" applied.

The object of the present invention is to develop new curable substance mixtures find that are easy to manufacture and wide, especially as Let coating materials, adhesives and sealants be used.

The new coating materials, adhesives and sealants should Coatings, adhesives and seals, in particular coatings, deliver that excellent etch resistance and chemical resistance, a high gloss, a high abrasion resistance and scratch resistance as well as a very have high surface hardness, so that they can be repaired without Problems can be ground and polished.

Accordingly, the new use of blocked, partially blocked and unblocked polyisocyanates for the thermal crosslinking of primary and / or compounds containing secondary carbamate groups through the chemical reaction of the isocyanate groups with the carbamate groups found, which is referred to below as the use according to the invention.

In addition, the new curable mixtures were found containing as complementary, reactive, functional groups primary and / or secondary Carbamate groups on the one hand and effective for crosslinking the carbamate groups available, blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups on the other hand.

In the following, the new curable substance mixtures are called "according to the invention Mixtures ".

Other methods, connections and objects according to the invention go from the following description

In view of the prior art, it was surprising and for the One skilled in the art could not have foreseen that the object of the present invention basis, could be solved by the use according to the invention. The Use according to the invention led to a new crosslinking chemistry, which Production of the mixtures according to the invention enabled. The Mixtures of substances according to the invention were excellent as Coating materials, adhesives and sealants or for their manufacture use. These provided new coatings, adhesive layers and seals, with an excellent property profile, the combinations of important application properties included in this advantageous form of the coating materials, adhesives and sealing compounds of the stand technology could not yet be realized.

In the context of the present invention, “complementary, reactive, functional groups "a pair of reactive, functional groups that crosslinking reactions with each other, as is often the case applied pair "isocyanate group / hydroxyl group".

In the case of the use according to the invention, this is the pair "Isocyanate / carbamate group".

The substance mixtures according to the invention contain blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups that are effective for crosslinking the Carbamate groups are available. This means that there are always so many blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups are made available, that even after their implementation with any other isocyanate-reactive functional groups, such as hydroxyl groups, are still sufficient blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups are present to the trigger crosslinking reaction according to the invention.

The equivalent ratio of blocked and / or is preferably unblocked isocyanate groups necessary for crosslinking with carbamate groups are effectively available to carbamate groups at least 0.1, preferred at least 0.2, particularly preferably at least 0.3, very particularly preferred at least 0.4 and in particular at least 0.5. The upper limit for that The equivalent ratio is in itself arbitrary; however, one should be too high Excess blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups avoided become. The upper limit is therefore preferably 2, preferably 1.5, particularly preferred at 1.2 and especially at 1.

The mixtures of substances according to the invention can be of any composition be as long as they have the features listed above, essential to the invention to have.

The substance mixtures according to the invention preferably contain at least one, preferably a compound (A) with at least one group, preferably at least two and in particular at least three groups of the general formula I:

-OC (O) -NHR (I).

In the general formula I, the variable R represents a hydrogen atom or a Alkyl group, in particular a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 10 Carbon atoms or a cycloaliphatic group with 4 to 8 Carbon atoms. R is preferably a hydrogen atom.

• - EP 0 710 707 A2, Seite 4, Zeilen 1 bis 27, oder EP 0 915 113 A1, Seite 2, Zeilen 44 bis 48, und der Seite 6, Zeilen 21 bis 25,
• - EP 0 636 660 B1, Spalte 1, Zeile 41, bis Spalte 2, Zeile 3, Spalte 2, Zeile 12, bis Spalte 3, Zeile 32, und Spalte 5, Zeile 43, bis Spalte 6, Zeile 36, oder
• - WO 87100851, Seite 13, Zeile 11, bis Seite 15, Zeile 8 und Example 1 bis Example 33, Seiten 17 bis 27,

im Detail beschrieben. Diese niedermolekularen Verbindungen (A) gestatten die Herstellung besonders festkörperreicher, erfindungsgemäßer Stoffgemische. The compound (A) can be of low molecular weight. Examples of suitable, low molecular weight compounds (A) are given in the references:

• - EP 0 710 707 A2, page 4, lines 1 to 27, or EP 0 915 113 A1, page 2, lines 44 to 48, and page 6, lines 21 to 25,
• - EP 0 636 660 B1, column 1, line 41, to column 2, line 3, column 2, line 12, to column 3, line 32, and column 5, line 43, to column 6, line 36, or
• - WO 87100851, page 13, line 11, to page 15, line 8 and Example 1 to Example 33, pages 17 to 27,

described in detail. These low molecular weight compounds (A) allow the preparation of mixtures of substances according to the invention which are particularly high in solids.

The compound (A) can be oligomeric and / or polymeric.

Suitable oligomers and polymers (A) come from the polymer classes of statistical, alternating and / or block-like, linear and / or branched and / or comb-like (co) polymers of ethylenic unsaturated monomers, or polyaddition resins and / or Polycondensation. These terms are supplemented by Römpp "Lexikon Varnishes and Printing Inks ", Georg Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart - New York, 1998, page 457, "Polyaddition" and "Polyaddition Resins (Polyadducts)", and pages 463 and 464, "Polycondensates", "Polycondensation" and "Polycondensation Resins" directed.

Examples of highly suitable (co) polymers (A) are (meth) acrylate copolymers and partially saponified polyvinyl esters, in particular (meth) acrylate copolymers.

Examples of highly suitable polyaddition resins and / or polycondensation resins (A) are polyesters, alkyds, polyurethanes, polylactones, polycarbonates, polyethers, Epoxy resin-amine adducts, polyureas, polyamides or polyimides, especially polyester.

The oligomers and / or polymers (A) very particularly preferably originate from the polymer classes of (meth) acrylate copolymers and polyesters.

• - EP 0 594 068 A1, Seite 2, Zeile 45, bis Seite 4, Zeile 27, Seite 5, Zeile 36 bis 57, und Seite 7, Zeilen 1 bis 22,
• - EP 0 594 142 A1, Seite 3, Zeile 1, bis Seite 4, Zeile 37, Seite 5, Zeile 49, bis Seite 6, Zeile 12, und Seite 7, Zeilen 5 bis 26,
• - EP 0 675 141 B1, Seite 2, Zeile 44, bis Seite 5, Zeile 15, Seite 8, Zeile 5, bis Seite 10, Zeile 41,
• - WO 94/10211, Seite 4, Zeile 18, bis Seite 8, Zeile 8, Seite 12, Zeile 30, bis Seite 14, Zeile 36, Seite 15, Zeile 35, bis Seite 17, Zeile 32, und Seite 18, Zeile 16, bis Seite 19, Zeile 30,
• - WO 01/23439, Seite 3 Zeilen 13 bis 29, Seite 4, Zeile 25, bis Seite 19, Zeile 18, i. V. m. den Herstellbeispielen 1 bis 3, Seite 36, Zeile 16, bis Seite 38, Zeile 12, und
• - EP 0 915 113 A1, Seite 6, Zeile 26, bis Seite 8, Zeile 49, und Example 1, Seite 11, Zeilen 3 bis 15,

bekannt. Oligomers and polymers (A) containing carbamate groups, which originate from the abovementioned polymer classes, and processes for their preparation are disclosed in the patent applications:

• EP 0 594 068 A1, page 2, line 45, to page 4, line 27, page 5, lines 36 to 57, and page 7, lines 1 to 22,
• EP 0 594 142 A1, page 3, line 1, to page 4, line 37, page 5, line 49, to page 6, line 12, and page 7, lines 5 to 26,
• - EP 0 675 141 B1, page 2, line 44, to page 5, line 15, page 8, line 5, to page 10, line 41,
• - WO 94/10211, page 4, line 18, to page 8, line 8, page 12, line 30, to page 14, line 36, page 15, line 35, to page 17, line 32, and page 18, line 16, to page 19, line 30,
• - WO 01/23439, page 3 lines 13 to 29, page 4, line 25, to page 19, line 18, i. V. m. the manufacturing examples 1 to 3, page 36, line 16, to page 38, line 12, and
• - EP 0 915 113 A1, page 6, line 26, to page 8, line 49, and Example 1, page 11, lines 3 to 15,

known.

The oligomers and / or polymers (A) are preferably prepared by a monomer mixture containing at least one olefinically unsaturated Contains carboxylic acid, for example methacrylic acid, in the presence of a Glycidyl ester of Versatic® acid (see Römpp "Lexicon Lacke und Druckfarben", Georg Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart - New York, 1998, "Versatic® acids", pages 605 and 606) copolymerized, after which the resulting hydroxyl group-containing (Meth) acrylate copolymer with at least one alkyl carbamate, such as methyl, Reacts propyl or butyl carbamate. Or hydroxyl-containing ones (Meth) acrylate copolymers and polyester are mixed with phosgene Converted (meth) acrylate copolymers containing chloroformate groups, after which the chloroformate groups with ammonia or primary amines Carbamate groups are implemented. It can also contain isocyanate groups (Meth) acrylate copolymers or polyester with at least one Hydroxyalkyl carbamate, such as 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate, can be reacted.

The oligomers and polymers (A) preferably have a number-average Molecular weight of 600 to 20,000, preferably 800 to 15,000, particularly preferably 1,000 to 10,000, very particularly preferably 1,200 to 8,000 and especially 1,200 to 6,000 daltons.

In addition to the carbamate groups, the low molecular weight compounds that Oligomers and / or the polymers (A) at least one, preferably at least two and in particular at least three of the carbamate groups contain different, reactive, functional group (s). Preferably be these reactive, functional groups from the group consisting of isocyanate-reactive and non-isocyanate-reactive, functional groups, selected.

Examples of suitable isocyanate-reactive, functional groups are hydroxyl, Thiol and primary and secondary amino groups, especially hydroxyl groups.

Such groups are among non-isocyanate-reactive, functional groups understood under the usual and known conditions of thermal Networking not or only to a very limited extent with existing, blocked and unblocked isocyanate groups react. Examples more appropriate, not Isocyanate-reactive groups are carboxyl groups, epoxy groups and cyclic groups Carbonate groups, especially carboxyl groups.

The compounds (A) preferably contain hydroxyl groups.

Examples of suitable, low molecular weight compounds (A), the hydroxyl groups are contained in European patent application EP 0 915 113 A1, page 6, Lines 21 to 25, or international patent application WO 87/00851, page 13, line 11, to page 15, line 8 and Example 1 to Example 33, pages 17 to 27, known.

Examples of suitable oligomeric and polymeric compounds (A) which Containing hydroxyl groups are from European patent applications EP 0 915 113 A. 1, Example 1, page 11, lines 3 to 15, and the European patent EP 0 675 141 B1, page 2, line 44, to page 5, line 15, page 8, line 5, to page 10, line 41, known.

If the compounds (A) contain reactive, functional groups which are different from the Carbamate groups are different, they are preferably in subordinate Amounts available so that the mixtures according to the invention in the The main thing is to be crosslinked via the crosslinking reaction according to the invention. The content of the compounds (A) is less than a minor amount reactive, functional groups of carbamate groups <50, preferably <45, preferably <40, particularly preferably <35, entirely particularly preferably <30 and in particular <25 equivalent%, based in each case on the total amount of reactive, functional groups in compound (A), Roger that. Is it different from the carbamate groups reactive, functional groups around isocyanate-reactive, functional groups, is the Amount of polyisocyanates (B) to be selected so that an effective amount of blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups for crosslinking the Carbamate groups, i. H. for the crosslinking reaction according to the invention Available.

The content of the substance mixtures according to the invention at the above Compounds (A) described can vary widely and depend on the Requirements of the individual case, especially according to the functionality of the complementary, reactive groups in the compounds (A) on the one hand and the Crosslinking agents (B) on the other hand. The content is preferably 20 to 80, preferably 22 to 75, particularly preferably 25 to 70, very particularly preferred 25 to 65 and in particular 25 to 60 wt .-%, each based on the Solids of the mixture of substances according to the invention.

The substance mixtures according to the invention preferably contain at least one Crosslinking agent (B), which is selected from the group consisting of blocked partially blocked or unblocked polyisocyanates is selected.

The statistical average of the polyisocyanates (B) is at least 2.0, preferably more than 2.0 and in particular more than 2.5 isocyanate groups per Molecule. The number of isocyanate groups is basically not up limited; According to the invention, however, it is advantageous if the number 15, preferably 12, particularly preferably 10, very particularly preferably 8.0 and in particular does not exceed 6.0.

The polyisocyanates (B) can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic Have basic structures. But at least two of these can also be used Basic structures are present in a polyisocyanate (B). For example, a Polyisocyanate (B) is considered to be aliphatic if its isocyanate groups are directly connected only to aliphatic groups. Are the Isocyanate groups with both aliphatic and cycloaliphatic Groups directly connected, it is an aliphatic cycloaliphatic polyisocyanate (B).

Aliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic, cycloaliphatic are preferred and aromatic polyisocyanates (B) are used.

The aromatic polyisocyanates (B) are preferably used when in the end products produced from the substance mixtures according to the invention, such as coatings, adhesive layers and seals, the tendency to yellowing in Purchase can be made. But it comes down to that Freedom from yellowing, preferably aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aliphatic-cycloaliphatic polyisocyanates (B) used.

Examples of suitable polyisocyanates (B) are those containing isocyanate groups Polyurethane prepolymers obtained by reacting polyols with an excess on aliphatic, aliphatic-cycloaliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates can be prepared and preferred are low viscous.

Examples of suitable aromatic diisocyanates are 2,4- or 2,6- Toluylidene diisocyanate, 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate or 1,2-, 1,3-, 1,4- or 1,4-naphthylene diisocyanate.

Examples of suitable aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aliphatic Cycloaliphatic diisocyanates are isophorone diisocyanate (= 5-isocyanato-1- isocyanatomethyl-1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexane), 5-isocyanato-1- (2-isocyanatoeth-1- yl) -1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 5-isocyanato-1- (3-isocyanatoprop-1-yl) -1,3,3- trimethyl-cyclohexane, 5-isocyanato- (4-isocyanatobut-1-yl) -1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (3-isocyanatoprop-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (3-isocyanatoeth-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (4-isocyanatobut-1-yl) - cyclohexane, 1,2-diisocyanatocyclobutane, 1,3-diisocyanatocyclobutane, 1,2- Diisocyanatocyclopentane, 1,3-diisocyanatocyclopentane, 1,2- Diisocyanatocyclohexane, 1,3-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 1,4- Diisocyanatocyclohexane, dicyclohexylmethane-2,4'-diisocyanate, Trimethylene diisocyanate, tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), ethyl ethylene diisocyanate, Trimethylhexane diisocyanate, heptamethylene diisocyanate, methylpentyl diisocyanate (MPDI), Nonantriisocyanate (NTI) or diisocyanates derived from dimer fatty acids, such as marketed by Henkel under the trade name DDI 1410 and are described in the patent specifications WO 97/49745 and WO 97/49747, in particular 2-heptyl-3,4-bis (9-isocyanatononyl) -1-pentyl-cyclohexane, or 1,2-, 1,4- or 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,2-, 1,4- or 1,3-bis (2- isocyanatoeth-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1,3-bis (3-isocyanatoprop-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1,2-, 1,4- or 1,3-bis (4-isocyanatobut-1-yl) cyclohexane or liquid bis (4- isocyanatocyclohexyl) methane with a trans / trans content of up to 30% by weight, preferably 25 wt .-% and in particular 20 wt .-%, as the Patent applications DE 44 14 032 A1, GB 1220717 A1, DE 16 18 795 A1 or DE 17 93 785 A1 is described, preferably isophorone diisocyanate, 5- Isocyanato-1- (2-isocyanatoeth-1-yl) -1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexane, 5-isocyanato-1- (3- isocyanatoprop-1-yl) -1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 5-isocyanato- (4-isocyanatobut-1- yl) -1,3,3-trimethyl-cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (3-isocyanatoprop-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (3-isocyanatoeth-1-yl) cyclohexane, 1-isocyanato-2- (4- isocyanatobut-1-yl) cyclohexane or HDI, especially HDI.

Isocyanurate, biuret, allophanate, iminooxadiazinedione, urethane, Polyisocyanates containing urea, carbodiimide and / or uretdione groups (B) can be used in the usual and known manner from the above described diisocyanates are prepared. Example more suitable Manufacturing processes and polyisocyanates (B) are, for example, from the Patents CA 2,163,591 A, US-A-4,419,513, US 4,454,317 A, EP 0 646 608 A, US 4,801,675 A, EP 0 183 976 A1, DE 40 15 155 A1, EP 0 303 150 A1, EP 0 496 208 A1, EP 0 524 500 A1, EP 0 566 037 A1, US 5,258,482 A1, US 5,290,902 A1, EP 0 649 806 A1, DE 42 29 183 A1 or EP 0 531 820 A1 known or they are in the unpublished, German Patent application DE 100 05 228.2 described.

In addition, the highly viscous polyisocyanates (B) come as in the German patent application DE 198 28 935 A1 are described on their Surface deactivated by urea formation and / or blocking Polyisocyanate particles according to European patent applications EP 0 922 720 A1, EP 1 013 690 A1 and EP 1 029 879 A1 or nonyl triisocyanate (NTI) in Consideration.

Furthermore, there are those in German patent application DE 196 09 617 A1 described adducts of polyisocyanates with isocyanate-reactive, functional Groups containing dioxanes, dioxolanes and oxazolidines, which are still free Contain isocyanate groups or in combination with other polyisocyanates (B) are used as polyisocyanates (B).

The polyisocyanates (B) described above are preferably used in the two- or multi-component systems according to the invention used.

The polyisocyanates (B) described above can be used with suitable Blocking agents may be partially or completely blocked. The partially blocked Polyisocyanates (B) are also preferred in the inventive Two- or multi-component systems used. The completely blocked Polyisocyanates (B) are used in particular in the inventive Single component systems used.

• a) Phenolen, wie Phenol, Cresol, Xylenol, Nitrophenol, Chlorophenol, Ethylphenol, tert.-Butylphenol, Hydroxybenzoesäure, Ester dieser Säure oder 2,5-di-tert.-Butyl-4-hydroxytoluol;
• b) Lactamen, wie ε-Caprolactam, δ-Valerolactam, γ-Butyrolactam oder β- Propiolactam;
• c) aktiven, methylenischen Verbindungen, wie Diethylmalonat, Dimethylmalonat, Acetessigsäureethyl- oder -methylester oder Acetylaceton;
• d) Alkoholen, wie Methanol, Ethanol, n-Propanol, Isopropanol, n-Butanol, Isobutanol, t-Butanol, n-Amylalkohol, t-Amylalkohol, Laurylalkohol, Ethylenglykolmonomethylether, Ethylenglykolmonoethylether, Ethylenglykolmonopropylether Ethylenglykolmonobutylether, Diethylenglykolmonomethylether, Diethylenglykolmonoethylether, Propylenglykolmonomethylether, Methoxymethanol, Glykolsäure, Glykolsäureester, Milchsäure, Milchsäureester, Methylolharnstoff, Methylolmelamin, Diacetonalkohol, Ethylenchlorohydrin, Ethylenbromhydrin, 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol, 1,4-Cyclohexyldimethanol oder Acetocyanhydrin;
• e) Mercaptanen, wie Butylmercaptan, Hexylmercaptan, t-Butylmercaptan, t- Dodecylmercaptan, 2-Mercaptobenzothiazol, Thiophenol, Methylthiophenol oder Ethylthiophenol;
• f) Säureamiden, wie Acetoanilid, Acetoanisidinamid, Acrylamid, Methacrylamid, Essigsäureamid, Stearinsäureamid oder Benzamid;
• g) Imiden, wie Succinimid, Phthalimid oder Maleimid;
• h) Aminen, wie Diphenylamin, Phenylnaphthylamin, Xylidin, N-Phenylxylidin, Carbazol, Anilin, Naphthylamin, Butylamin, Dibutylamin oder Butylphenylamin;
• i) Imidazolen, wie Imidazol oder 2-Ethylimidazol;
• j) Harnstoffen, wie Harnstoff, Thioharnstoff, Ethylenharnstoff, Ethylenthioharnstoff oder 1,3-Diphenylharnstoff;
• k) Carbamaten, wie N-Phenylcarbamidsäurephenylester oder 2-Oxazolidon;
• l) Iminen, wie Ethylenimin;
• m) Oximen, wie Acetonoxim, Formaldoxim, Acetaldoxim, Acetoxim, Methylethylketoxim, Diisobutylketoxim, Diacetylmonoxim, Benzophenonoxim oder Chlorohexanonoxime;
• n) Salzen der schwefeligen Säure, wie Natriumbisulfit oder Kaliumbisulfit;
• o) Hydroxamsäureestern, wie Benzylmethacrylohydroxamat (BMH) oder Allylmethacrylohydroxamat; oder
• p) substituierten Pyrazolen, insbesondere Dimethylpyrazol, oder Triazolen, sowie
• q) Gemischen dieser Blockierungsmittel,

ausgewählt. Bevorzugt werden Gemische xvii) eingesetzt, insbesondere Malonester und Acetessigsäureester, Malonester und Dimethylpyrazole und Succimid und Dimethylpyrazole. Blocking agents for the isocyanate groups are all customary and known blocking agents. The blocking agents are preferably selected from the group consisting of:

• a) phenols, such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, nitrophenol, chlorophenol, ethylphenol, tert-butylphenol, hydroxybenzoic acid, esters of this acid or 2,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene;
• b) lactams, such as ε-caprolactam, δ-valerolactam, γ-butyrolactam or β-propiolactam;
• c) active, methylenic compounds such as diethyl malonate, dimethyl malonate, ethyl or methyl acetoacetate or acetylacetone;
• d) alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, isobutanol, t-butanol, n-amyl alcohol, t-amyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, methylene methylene ether, methylene methylene ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, Glycolic acid, glycolic acid ester, lactic acid, lactic acid ester, methylolurea, methylolmelamine, diacetone alcohol, ethylene chlorohydrin, ethylene bromohydrin, 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol, 1,4-cyclohexyldimethanol or acetocyanhydrin;
• e) mercaptans, such as butyl mercaptan, hexyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, thiophenol, methylthiophenol or ethylthiophenol;
• f) acid amides, such as acetoanilide, acetoanisidinamide, acrylamide, methacrylamide, acetic acid amide, stearic acid amide or benzamide;
• g) imides such as succinimide, phthalimide or maleimide;
• h) amines, such as diphenylamine, phenylnaphthylamine, xylidine, N-phenylxylidine, carbazole, aniline, naphthylamine, butylamine, dibutylamine or butylphenylamine;
• i) imidazoles, such as imidazole or 2-ethylimidazole;
• j) ureas, such as urea, thiourea, ethylene urea, ethylene thiourea or 1,3-diphenyl urea;
• k) carbamates, such as phenyl N-phenylcarbamate or 2-oxazolidone;
• l) imines, such as ethyleneimine;
• m) oximes, such as acetone oxime, formal doxime, acetaldoxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketoxime, diisobutyl ketoxime, diacetyl monoxime, benzophenone oxime or chlorohexanone oxime;
• n) salts of the sulfurous acid, such as sodium bisulfite or potassium bisulfite;
• o) hydroxamic acid esters, such as benzyl methacrylohydroxamate (BMH) or allyl methacrylohydroxamate; or
• p) substituted pyrazoles, especially dimethylpyrazole, or triazoles, and
• q) mixtures of these blocking agents,

selected. Mixtures xvii) are preferably used, in particular malonic esters and acetoacetic acid esters, malonic esters and dimethylpyrazoles and succimide and dimethylpyrazoles.

The content of the substance mixtures according to the invention at the above described polyisocyanates (B) can vary widely and depends on the Requirements of the individual case, especially according to the functionality of the complementary, reactive groups in the compounds (A) on the one hand and the Polyisocyanates (B) on the other hand. The content is preferably 10 to 80, preferably 15 to 70 and in particular 20 to 60 wt .-%, each based on the Solids of the mixture of substances according to the invention.

In addition to the essential components (A) and (B) described above can the substance mixtures according to the invention at least one compound (C) contain at least one different from the carbamate group, contains reactive, functional group. Examples of more suitable, reactive, functional Groups of this type are those described above. Particularly preferred hydroxyl groups are used

The compounds (C) which contain the particularly preferred hydroxyl groups can be low molecular weight. They are usually referred to by experts as Reactive thinner for thermal crosslinking. Examples of suitable thermally curable reactive thinners are positionally isomeric diethyloctanediols or hyperbranched compounds containing hydroxyl groups or Dendrimers, as described in German patent applications DE 198 09 643 A1, DE 198 40 605 A1 or DE 198 05 421 A1.

The polymeric and oligomeric compounds (C) which are the most preferred Containing hydroxyl groups come from those described above Polymer classes. The (meth) acrylate (co) polymers and the Polyester used.

• - EP 0 915 113 A1, Seite 3, Zeile 55, bis Seite 6, Seite 12,
• - EP 0 675 141 B1, Seite 8, Seiten 36 bis 52, Seite 9, und Seite 48, bis Seite 10, Seite 5,
• - EP 0 710 707 A 2, Seite 3, Zeilen 17 bis 48, i. V. m. Seite 5, Zeile 43, bis Seite 7, Zeile 19,
• - WO 34/10211, Example C, Seite 11, Seite 30, bis Seite 12, Zeile 28, Example N, und Seite 19, Zeile 32, bis Seite 20, Zeile 30,
• - WO 01/23439, Seite 5, Zeile 14, bis Seite 14, Zeile 23, i. V. m. dem Herstellbeispiel 1, Seiten 36, Zeile 16, bis Seite 37, Zeile 5, oder
• - DE 44 21 823 A1, Seite 4, Zeile 4, bis Seite 11, Zeile 15,

im Detail beschrieben. Examples of suitable hydroxyl-containing, polymeric and oligomeric compounds (C) are given in the references:

• - EP 0 915 113 A1, page 3, line 55, to page 6, page 12,
• - EP 0 675 141 B1, page 8, pages 36 to 52, page 9, and page 48, to page 10, page 5,
• - EP 0 710 707 A 2, page 3, lines 17 to 48, i. V. m. Page 5, line 43, to page 7, line 19,
• - WO 34/10211, Example C, page 11, page 30, to page 12, line 28, Example N, and page 19, line 32, to page 20, line 30,
• - WO 01/23439, page 5, line 14, to page 14, line 23, i. V. m. the manufacturing example 1, pages 36, line 16, to page 37, line 5, or
• - DE 44 21 823 A1, page 4, line 4, to page 11, line 15,

described in detail.

If used, the compounds (C) are in the Contain substance mixtures according to the invention in minor amounts, so the mixtures of substances according to the invention mainly about crosslinking reaction according to the invention are crosslinked. Under one minor amount is a content of the mixtures according to the invention on the compounds (C) of <50, preferably <45, preferably <40, particularly preferably <35, very particularly preferably <30 and in particular <25% by weight, based in each case on the total amount of (A) and (C). If the compounds (C) contain isocyanate-reactive, functional groups, the is Amount of polyisocyanates (B) to be selected so that an effective amount of blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups for crosslinking the Carbamate groups, i. H. for the crosslinking reaction according to the invention, how before is available.

Furthermore, the substance mixtures according to the invention can contain at least one Contain crosslinking agents (D) with reactive, functional groups that predominantly or exclusively to those other than the carbamate group, reactive, functional groups are complementary. This means that the relevant, reactive, functional groups among the usual and known Conditions of thermal crosslinking not or only very slowly with the Carbamate groups react. Examples of suitable, reactive, functional groups carboxyl groups, epoxy groups and cyclic carbonate groups are of this type. Examples of suitable crosslinking agents (D) are in the German Patent application DE 199 24 171 A1, page 7, line 67, to page 8, line 46, or German patent application DE 199 08 018 A1, page 7, lines 40 to 56, and page 16, line 59.

If used, the crosslinking agent (D) is also used in accordance with the content of the substance mixtures according to the invention on the carbamate groups different, reactive, functional groups in minor amounts used so that the crosslinking of the mixtures of substances according to the invention in the The main thing is via the crosslinking reaction according to the invention.

In special cases, the substance mixtures according to the invention can also Containing crosslinking agents (E), as are usually used for the crosslinking of Compounds (A) containing carbamate groups can be used. Examples suitable crosslinking agents (E) are aminoplast resins, such as, for example from German patent application DE 199 24 171 A1, page 8, pages 36 to 42, or European patent application EP 0 915 113 A1, page 9, pages 5 to 16, are known. The amount of crosslinking agents (E) are chosen so that the Crosslinking via the carbamate groups, mainly via the Polyisocyanate (B) takes place. The equivalent ratio is preferably from complementary, reactive, functional groups in the crosslinking agents (E) to the carbamate groups present at a maximum of 0.2, preferably at most 0.15 and in particular a maximum of 0.1.

Depending on the intended use, the mixtures of substances according to the invention can contain at least one pigment (F).

In the case of two- and multi-component systems, the pigments (F) can the binder component (A) and / or the crosslinking agent component (B) to be mixed in. They are preferably over the binder component (A) mixed in.

The pigments (F) from the group consisting of color and / or effect, fluorescent, electrically conductive and magnetic shielding pigments, metal powders, organic and inorganic, transparent and opaque fillers and nanoparticles selected.

Instead of or in addition to the pigments (F), the coating materials according to the invention at least one additive (G) contain. In the case of two- or multi-component systems, the Additives (G) via the binder component (A) and / or Crosslinking agent component (B) are mixed. Preferably they will mixed in via the binder component (A).

Examples of suitable additives (G) are molecularly soluble dyes; Light stabilizers, such as UV absorbers and reversible radical scavengers (HALS); antioxidants; low and high boiling ("long"), organic solvents; Venting means; Wetting agents; emulsifiers; slip additives; polymerization inhibitors; Thermal crosslinking catalysts; thermolabile, radical initiators; Photoinitiators and coinitiators; thermal curable reactive thinners; reactive diluents curable with actinic radiation; binders curable with actinic radiation; Adhesion promoters; Leveling agents; film-forming aids; Rheology aids (thickener and / or sag control Agents); Flame retardants; Corrosion inhibitors; anti-caking agents; waxes; driers; Biocides and / or matting agents, such as those in the Textbook "Lackadditive" by Johan Bieleman, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim - New York, 1998, in German patent application DE 199 14 896 A1, column 14, page 26, up to column 15, line 46, are described in detail. In addition, is still on refer to DE 199 04 317 A1 and DE 198 55 125 A1.

Actinic radiation is electromagnetic radiation, such as near infrared (NIR), visible light, UV radiation and X-rays, especially UV Radiation, and corpuscular radiation, such as electron radiation, understood.

The preparation of the substance mixtures according to the invention does not have any methodology Special features, but is done by mixing and homogenizing the components described above with the help of conventional and known Mixing processes and devices, such as stirred tanks, agitator mills, extruders, Kneaders, Ultraturrax, in-line dissolvers, static mixers, gear rim dispersers, Pressure relief nozzles and / or microfluidizers. Are also with actinic Radiation-curable additives (G) are used, the inventive Mixtures of substances preferably with the exclusion of actinic radiation manufactured.

The resulting mixtures of substances according to the invention can be conventional, curable mixtures containing organic solvents; aqueous, curable Mixtures of substances essentially or completely solvent and water-free, liquid, curable substance mixtures (100% systems) essentially or completely solvent and anhydrous, solid, curable mixtures (powder) or essentially or be completely solvent-free powder suspensions (powder slurries).

They are excellent as coating materials, adhesives and sealants or suitable for their production.

The coating materials of the invention can be used as fillers, Stone chip protection primers, basecoats and solid-color topcoats as well as Clear varnishes, especially as clear varnish, or used for the production of films become.

Above all, the coating materials of the invention are excellent for Production of single and multi-layer clear coats as well as single and multilayer, color and / or effect, electrically conductive, magnetic shielding and / or fluorescent coatings in particular the wet-on-wet method, in which a basecoat, in particular a Waterborne basecoat is applied to the surface of a substrate, after which one the resulting basecoat, without curing, dries and with a Clear coat layer overlaid. Then the two layers hardened together (see also international patent application WO 01/23439, Page 29, page 17, to page 32, line 30, and pages 33, line 25, to page 34, page 5, line 2).

In terms of method, the application of the coating materials according to the invention Adhesives and sealants have no peculiarities, but can pass through all usual application methods, such as B. spraying, knife coating, brushing, pouring, Dip, trickle or roll. Preferably, the Coating materials according to the invention spray application methods applied, unless it is powder coatings, for example with With the help of fluidized bed processes typical of powder coating. As a general rule it is advisable to work in the absence of actinic radiation in order to premature crosslinking of the coating materials and adhesives according to the invention and sealants to avoid.

Suitable substrates are all those whose surface is due to the application is not damaged by heat during the hardening of the layers thereon. The substrates preferably consist of metals, plastics, wood, ceramics, Stone, textile, fiber composite, leather, glass, glass fibers, glass and rock wool, mineral and resin-bound building materials, such as gypsum and cement boards or Roof tiles, as well as composites of these materials.

In the case of electrically conductive substrates, primers can be used which are produced in a customary and known manner from electrocoat materials. Both anodic and cathodic electrodeposition coatings are used for this, but especially cathodic electrocoat materials. In case of Non-functionalized and / or non-polar plastic surfaces can do this the coating in a known manner a pretreatment, such as with a plasma or with flame, subjected to or provided with a hydro primer become.

Accordingly, the coating materials, adhesives and Sealants for coating, gluing and sealing Motor vehicle bodies or parts thereof, of motor vehicles in the interior and Outside, of buildings inside and outside, of furniture, Windows and doors as well as in the context of industrial painting for the Coating, gluing and sealing small parts such as nuts, screws, like hubcaps or rims, of coils, containers, packaging, electrotechnical components, such as motor windings or Transformer windings, and of white goods, such as household appliances, boilers and radiators, ideally suited

The hardening of the applied mixtures of substances according to the invention is also nonexistent methodological particularities, but takes place with the help of the usual and known thermal methods, such as heating in a forced air oven or Irradiate with IR lamps, and if necessary with the help of the usual and known methods of radiation curing, such as those used in German Patent application DE 198 18 735 A1, column 10, page 31, to column 11, line 33, to be discribed.

The resulting coatings and films according to the invention, in particular the single-layer or multi-layer color and / or effect agents according to the invention Paint finishes and clear coats, especially clear coats easy to manufacture and have excellent optical properties and a very high light, chemical, water, condensation, weather resistance and etch resistance. In particular, they are free of cloudiness and Inhomogeneities. They have excellent scratch resistance and Abrasion resistance with an excellent surface hardness.

The adhesive layers according to the invention combine the most diverse Substrates adhere to each other permanently and have a high chemical and mechanical stability even at extreme temperatures and / or Temperatures fluctuations.

Likewise, the seals according to the invention permanently seal the substrates from, they have a high chemical and mechanical stability even at extreme Temperatures and / or temperature fluctuations also i. V. m. the impact aggressive chemicals.

Accordingly, those refer to the technological ones listed above Areas of commonly used, primed or unprimed substrates, which are coated with at least one coating according to the invention, with bonded and / or with at least one adhesive layer according to the invention are sealed at least one seal according to the invention, in one a particularly advantageous, application-related property profile particularly long service life based on what makes them economical and ecological makes it particularly attractive.

Examples Production Example 1 The preparation of a carbamate group-containing Methacrylate copolymer (A)

A primary was initially used for the production of the clearcoats of the invention Methamate copolymer (A) containing carbamate groups.

For this purpose, a suitable for radical copolymerization Reaction vessel equipped with stirrer, reflux condenser, two inlet vessels for the monomer feed and the initiator feed, adjustable heating and Nitrogen inlet tube, 27.75 parts by weight of Solventnaphtha® and heated to 140 ° C. with stirring. After the temperature was reached, a Monomer mixture of 4.05 parts by weight of styrene, 28.75 parts by weight of 2- Ethylhexyl acrylate, 4.05 parts by weight of 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate and 20.55 parts by weight of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate uniformly in for three hours metered the reaction vessel. At the same time, one was for three hours Initiator solution consisting of 8.15 parts by weight Solventnaphtha® and 4.62 parts by weight of the commercial initiator of radical polymerization Vazo® 67 dosed evenly into the reaction vessel. With the dosages started at the same time. During the feeds, the temperature of the Reaction mixture kept at 140 ° C. After the end of the inflows the feed vessels were rinsed with 0.5 part by weight of Solventnaphtha®. Subsequently, the polymerization was continued at 140 ° C. until the Solids content of the polymer solution at 60 wt .-% (one hour / 130 ° C) and the Viscosity was 3.3 to 3.8 dPa.s (original viscosity, 23 ° C). The polymer solution was then cooled and mixed with 1.08 parts by weight of Solventnaphtha®. It had a hydroxyl number of 155 mg KOH / g solids.

78.9 parts by weight of the polymer solution described above, 12.7 Parts by weight of methyl carbamate and 2.5 parts by weight of cyclohexane (entrainer) were equipped in the order listed in a reaction vessel Stirrer, column, column head and separation template with phase separation, weighed and heated to 130 ° C with stirring. After that, a mixture 1.5 parts by weight of Solventnaphtha® and 0.08 parts by weight of dibutyltin oxide added. The temperature of the reaction mixture was during three Hours at 130 ° C and the column top temperature was in this period kept at a maximum of 85 ° C. Then a mixture of 1.5 was again Parts by weight of Solventnaphtha® and 0.08 parts by weight of dibutyltin oxide added. The resulting reaction mixture was at 130 ° C and stirred at a maximum of 85 ° C column top temperature until the hydroxyl number at 10 to 20 mg KOH / g solids. Then the reaction mixture cooled to 100 ° C and methanol and excess methyl carbamate in Vacuum distilled off. The temperature of the Reaction mixture increased to 115 ° C and so long at this temperature Leave vacuum until no more methyl carbamate distilled off. The resulting one Polymer solution (A) was mixed with 1.16 parts by weight of Solventnaphtha®. you Solids content was 70% by weight (one hour / 130 ° C.) and its viscosity was 7.0 up to 8.0 dPa.s (60 percent in Solventnaphtha®, 23 ° C).

The methacrylate copolymer (A) containing carbamate groups had one Hydroxyl number of 18 mg KOH / g solids and a carbamate equivalent weight from 452 g.

Examples 1 to 3 The preparation of the clearcoats 1 to 3 and Clear coats 1 to 3

The clearcoats of Examples 1 to 3 according to the invention were produced by mixing and homogenizing the constituents given in Table 1. Table 1 The material composition of the clearcoats 1 to 3 according to the invention

The clearcoats 1 and 3 according to the invention (one-component systems) had a theoretical solids content of 60% by weight. They were camped and stable in transport and had very good ring line stability. You could in can be easily applied without problems.

In the case of the clearcoat material 2 according to the invention (two-component system, Solid content 60% by weight), the polyisocyanate became shortly before application added to the binder component. The two-component system pointed an excellent pot life (processing time).

To test the application properties of the clearcoats 1 to 3 according to the invention, test panels were produced as follows:
A commercially available, aqueous filler from BASF Coatings AG was first applied and baked onto a steel pistol coated with a commercially available electrocoat (electrocoat with a layer thickness of 18-22 μm). Filler layers with a layer thickness of 35 to 40 μm resulted. A commercially available, black uni base coat from BASF Coatings AG was then applied in the same way to the filler coating and predried at 80 ° C. for 10 minutes. After the panels had been cooled, one layer each of the clearcoats 1 to 3 according to the invention was applied using pneumatic spray guns and predried for 10 minutes at 50 ° C. and then crosslinked together with the basecoat layers for 30 minutes at 140 ° C. object temperature. The result was basecoat layers with a thickness of 15 μm and clear lacquer layers with a thickness of 40 μm. The black uni base coat was chosen because the best way to observe the formation of scratches on the corresponding test panels.

The multi-layer coatings of Examples 1 to 3 according to the invention had an excellent overall visual impression. The according to DIN 67530 with a reflectometer from BYK reflectometrically at an angle of 20 ° measured gloss was 85 in all cases.

The micro penetration hardness (universal hardness at 25.6 mN, Fischerscope 100 V with Diamond pyramid according to Vickers) was 155.5 in Example 1 and in Example 2 156.9 and in Example 3 at 134.5.

The scratch resistance of the multilayer coating of Example 2 was determined according to the in international patent application WO 01/23439, page 41, pages 1 to 13, described sand test. The damage only reduced the gloss to 60, which underpins the high scratch resistance of the multi-layer coating 2.

The etch resistance and chemical resistance, especially against organic solvents, tree resin, pancreatin and acids, such as sulfuric acid, were excellent and more common and well known at the level Two-component clear coats based on hydroxyl groups Binders and polyisocyanates or based on carbamate groups containing binders and aminoplastics, such as those from BASF Corporation are sold under the brand name Ureclear®.

Claims (17)

1. Use of blocked, partially blocked and unblocked Polyisocyanates for the thermal crosslinking of primary and / or compounds containing secondary carbamate groups through the chemical reaction of the isocyanate groups with the carbamate groups. 2. Curable mixtures of substances containing as complementary, reactive, functional Groups primary and / or secondary carbamate groups on the one hand and effective for crosslinking the carbamate groups blocked and / or unblocked isocyanate groups on the other hand. 3. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 2, characterized in that the equivalent ratio of blocked and / or unblocked Isocyanate groups that are effective for crosslinking with carbamate groups Are available to carbamate groups is at least 0.1. 4. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 3, characterized in that the equivalent ratio is at least 0.5. 5. Curable substance mixtures according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the upper limit for the equivalent ratio is 2. 6. Curable mixtures of substances according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that they A) at least one compound with at least one carbamate group of the general formula I:

-OC (O) -NHR (I),

where R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, B) at least one crosslinking agent selected from the group consisting of blocked, partially blocked or unblocked polyisocyanates, contain. 7. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 6, characterized in that the compound (A) at least one more, from the carbamate group contains different, reactive, functional group. 8. Curable substance mixtures according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that that they have at least one compound (C) with at least one of the Carbamate group contains different, reactive, functional group. 9. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the reactive, functional, different from the carbamate groups Groups from the group consisting of isocyanate-reactive, functional Groups. 10. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 9, characterized in that the isocyanate-reactive, functional groups from the group consisting from hydroxyl, thiol and primary and secondary amino groups to be selected. 11. Curable substance mixtures according to one of claims 7 to 10, characterized characterized in that they contain minor amounts of at least one Crosslinking agent (D) with reactive, functional groups that predominantly or exclusively to those of the carbamate group different, reactive, functional groups are complementary, contain. 12. Curable mixtures of substances according to claim 11, characterized in that the complementary, reactive, functional groups from the group, consisting of carboxyl groups, epoxy groups and cyclic Carbonate groups. 13. Curable mixtures of substances according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized characterized in that they contain small amounts of at least one Crosslinking agent (E) as it is for the crosslinking of carbamate groups containing compounds (A) is used. 14. Curable substance mixtures according to one of claims 2 to 13, characterized characterized in that they are one-component systems or two or Multi-component systems are. 15. Use of the curable substance mixtures according to one of claims 2 to 14 as coating materials, adhesives and sealants or for their manufacture. 16. Use according to claim 15, characterized in that
the coating materials for the production of single- and multi-layer clear coats and foils as well as single and multi-layer, color and / or effect-giving, electrically conductive, magnetically shielding and / or fluorescent coatings and foils,
the adhesives for the production of adhesive layers and
the sealants for the production of seals
be used. 17. Use according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the Coating materials, adhesives and sealants for coating, Bonding and sealing of motor vehicle bodies and parts thereof, Motor vehicles indoors and outdoors, buildings indoors and Outside, furniture, windows and doors as well as under the industrial painting the coating, gluing and sealing of Small parts, coils, containers, packaging, electrotechnical components and of white goods.