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DE10121946C1 - Process for dissolving precious metals contained in residues comprises slurrying the residues with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and feeding hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas through the slurry - Google Patents

Process for dissolving precious metals contained in residues comprises slurrying the residues with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and feeding hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas through the slurry

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Publication number
DE10121946C1
DE10121946C1 DE2001121946 DE10121946A DE10121946C1 DE 10121946 C1 DE10121946 C1 DE 10121946C1 DE 2001121946 DE2001121946 DE 2001121946 DE 10121946 A DE10121946 A DE 10121946A DE 10121946 C1 DE10121946 C1 DE 10121946C1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
residues
hydrochloric acid
gas
precious metals
chlorine gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
DE2001121946
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German (de)
Inventor
Martin Stettner
Matthias Grehl
Horst Meyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heraeus Deutschland GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG filed Critical WC Heraus GmbH and Co KG
Priority to DE2001121946 priority Critical patent/DE10121946C1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE10121946C1 publication Critical patent/DE10121946C1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
    • C22B11/042Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B3/00Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
    • C22B3/04Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
    • C22B3/06Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
    • C22B3/10Hydrochloric acid, other halogenated acids or salts thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

Process for dissolving precious metals contained in residues comprises slurrying the residues with concentrated hydrochloric acid; and feeding hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas through the slurry. Preferred Features: The precious metals present are Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh or Ir. The hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas are used in equimolar amounts. The residues are present as a finely distributed suspension in the hydrochloric acid. The second step of the process is carried out at more than 70 deg C. The hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas are mixed together in a mixing chamber and then fed through a tube onto the liquid surface.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herauslösen von Edelmetall aus edelmetallhaltigem Material.The invention relates to a method for removing precious metal from precious metal Material.

Es existieren bereits Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Edelmetallen aus edelmetallhaltigen Rück­ ständen in technischem bzw. großtechnischem Maßstab. Beispielsweise werden die Rückstän­ de mit Chlorgas bei höheren Temperaturen behandelt. Anschließendes Auslaugen des Rück­ stands mit Königswasser, erneute Chlorierung und Laugen mit Königswasser, Aufschmelzen des Königswasserrückstands mit Kochsalz in Chlorgasatmosphäre und Lösen in Wasser ergibt die Edelmetalle in Form von Chlorokomplexsalzen.There are already processes for the extraction of precious metals from precious metal-containing back stands on a technical or industrial scale. For example, the residues de treated with chlorine gas at higher temperatures. Subsequent leaching of the back stands with aqua regia, re-chlorination and alkalis with aqua regia, melting of the aqua regia residue with sodium chloride in a chlorine gas atmosphere and dissolving in water the precious metals in the form of chloro complex salts.

Solche Verfahren sind aufwendig, zeit- und energieintensiv, und es besteht ein Bedarf an zeit­ sparenden und kostengünstigeren Methoden.Such processes are complex, time and energy intensive, and there is a need for time saving and less expensive methods.

Zur Gewinnung von Edelmetallen aus Katalysatoraufschlämmungen nach der schwefelsauren Kalzinierung wurde vorgeschlagen (EP 629 712 A1), die Rückstände im wässrigen Medium mit H+- und Chlorid-Ionen in Gegenwart eines Oxidationsmittels wie Chlorgas auszulaugen.To obtain precious metals from catalyst slurries after the sulfuric acid calcination, it has been proposed (EP 629 712 A1) to leach out the residues in the aqueous medium with H + and chloride ions in the presence of an oxidizing agent such as chlorine gas.

Um Gold aus Kupfererz nach der Silberabtrennung durch Salpetersäure von den anderen Edelmetallen zu reinigen, wurde eine 30-minütige Behandlung mit konzentrierter Salzsäure bei 80-95°C vorgeschlagen (US 4,722,831 A) Dies löst Elemente wie Pt, Pd, Se und Te, nicht aber Au.To gold from copper ore after silver separation by nitric acid from the others Cleaning precious metals was a 30-minute treatment with concentrated hydrochloric acid 80-95 ° C suggested (US 4,722,831 A) This solves elements such as Pt, Pd, Se and Te, but not Au.

Die Extraktion von Au, Pt und Pd aus Konzentraten gelingt laut US 4,397,689 A mit heißer kon­ zentrierter Salzsäure und Chlorgas. Die übrigen Edelmetalle verbleiben im Rückstand (Sp. 1, Z. 57 ff).According to US 4,397,689 A, extraction of Au, Pt and Pd from concentrates is possible with hot con centered hydrochloric acid and chlorine gas. The other precious metals remain behind (column 1, Z. 57 ff).

Aufgabe vorliegender Erfindung ist, dass man eine große Anzahl der Edelmetalle aus Aufschlämmungen in konzentrierter Salzsäure effizient in Lösung bringt. Dies gelingt, wenn man ein Gemisch von HCl-Gas und Chlorgas durch die Aufschlämmung leitet. Die beiden Gase werden bevorzugt in äquimolaren Mengen eingesetzt.The object of the present invention is that a large number of noble metals from slurries efficiently in solution in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This works if you have a mixture of HCl gas and chlorine gas passes through the slurry. The two gases are preferred in equimolar amounts used.

Geeignete Edelmetalle für das Verfahren sind die Elemente Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir.Suitable noble metals for the process are the elements Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir.

Ein ausreichender Kontakt der salzsauren Lösung sowie der Gase zu dem edelmetallhaltigen Material ist für das Verfahren unabdingbar. Daher empfiehlt sich der Einsatz von feinverteilten Suspensionen des Materials. Die Effizienz kann gegebenenfalls durch Rühren erhöht werden.Adequate contact of the hydrochloric acid solution and the gases with the noble metal-containing one Material is essential for the process. Therefore, the use of finely divided is recommended Suspensions of the material. If necessary, the efficiency can be increased by stirring.

Man arbeitet vorteilhaft bei erhöhter Temperatur von etwa 80°C, bevorzugt bei Rückflusstempe­ ratur von ca. 105°C. Es ist vorteilhaft, bei Rückflusstemperatur zu arbeiten, weil die Reaktion bei höheren Temperaturen schneller abläuft. Inwieweit die Metalle in Lösung gehen, hängt weitgehend von der Art des eingesetzten Materials ab. Es kann vorkommen, dass Iridium etwas schwieriger in Lösung geht, aber es kann mit dem Verfahren auch gelingen, die in der Auf­ schlämmung vorhandenen der oben genannten Edelmetalle - mit Ausnahme des Ru - zu 99,9% in Lösung zu bringen. Das Verfahren eignet sich somit besonders zur Anwendung bei ruthe­ niumfreien Rückständen bzw. müßte das gegebenenfalls im Rückstand vorhandene Ruthenium nach bekannten Verfahren separat aufgearbeitet werden (s. z. B. US 4,397,689 A).It is advantageous to work at an elevated temperature of about 80 ° C., preferably at the reflux temperature 105 ° C. It is advantageous to work at the reflux temperature because of the reaction runs faster at higher temperatures. The extent to which the metals go into solution depends largely depends on the type of material used. It can happen that Iridium is something is more difficult to solve, but it can also be done with the procedure in the on slurry existing of the above precious metals - with the exception of Ru - 99.9% to bring in solution. The method is therefore particularly suitable for use in ruthe nium-free residues or the ruthenium which may be present in the residue can be worked up separately by known processes (see, for example, US 4,397,689 A).

Praktisch geht man mit Vorteil so vor, dass die Gase HCl und Cl2 vor der Zugabe in einer ge­ eigneten Mischkammer gemischt werden und dann durch ein Einleitrohr unter die Flüssigkeits­ oberfläche geleitet werden.In practice, it is advantageous to mix the gases HCl and Cl 2 in a suitable mixing chamber before adding them and then pass them through an inlet pipe below the surface of the liquid.

Die Vorteile des Verfahrens sind beispielsweise:
The advantages of the process are, for example:

  • - Die arbeits-, energie- und materialaufwendigen Schmelzverfahren entfallen, was sich auch in einer Kostenersparnis niederschlägt.- The labor, energy and material-consuming melting processes are eliminated, which also translates into cost savings.
  • - Man kann mit größeren Chargen arbeiten. Die Chargengröße ist nach oben nur durch die Größe der nötigen Apparaturen begrenzt. - You can work with larger batches. The batch size is only up by the The size of the necessary equipment is limited.  
  • - Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird weniger Chlorgas verbraucht als bei den zu Anfang beschriebenen Verfahren des Standes der Technik.- In the method according to the invention less chlorine gas is consumed than in the Initially described methods of the prior art.
Anwendungsbeispielexample

56,81 g feuchter Edelmetall-Rückstand aus herkömmlichen, bekannten Scheideverfahren.
500 ml konzentrierte HCl, 37-%ig, Reinheitsgrad "selectipur", Fa. Merck, Darmstadt,
HCl-Gas,
Cl2-Gas.
56.81 g of moist precious metal residue from conventional, well-known cutting processes.
500 ml concentrated HCl, 37%, purity "selectipur", Merck, Darmstadt,
HCl gas,
Cl 2 gas.

In einer geschlossenen Glasapparatur werden 500 ml konzentrierte Salzsäure vorgelegt und 56,81 g Edelmetallrückstand zugegeben. HCl-Gas und Chlorgas werden in einer Mischkammer zu gleichen Teilen vermischt und in die Salzsäure eingeleitet (3 l/h). Das Gemisch wird wäh­ renddessen 40 Stunden am Rückfluss bei 105°C gekocht. Nach 5, 13,5 und 31,5 Stunden wird jeweils eine Probe entnommen und einer DCP(Direct Current Plasma atomic emission spectrometry)-Messung unterworfen.500 ml of concentrated hydrochloric acid are placed in a closed glass apparatus and 56.81 g of precious metal residue added. HCl gas and chlorine gas are in a mixing chamber mixed in equal parts and introduced into the hydrochloric acid (3 l / h). The mixture becomes cloudy cooked at reflux at 105 ° C for 40 hours. After 5, 13.5 and 31.5 hours One sample each is taken and subjected to a DCP (Direct Current Plasma atomic emission spectrometry) measurement.

Es zeigt sich, dass sich die Elemente Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh und Iridium nach 13,5 h bereits voll­ ständig gelöst haben. Lediglich der Wert für Ru ist nach 31,5 h noch höher. Damit kann die Re­ aktion nach etwa 14 Stunden zu 99% als abgeschlossen gelten. Danach lösen sich nur noch geringe Mengen Edelmetall.It can be seen that the elements Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh and iridium are already full after 13.5 h have constantly solved. Only the value for Ru is even higher after 31.5 hours. The Re 99% of the action is considered complete after about 14 hours. After that, they only come loose small amounts of precious metal.

Eine DCP-Analyse des nach 38 h verbliebenen Rückstands ergibt entsprechend, dass jeweils < 0,1% Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir vorhanden sind. Nur Ru ist noch zu 0,41% vorhanden. A DCP analysis of the residue remaining after 38 h accordingly shows that in each case <0.1% Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ir are present. Only Ru is still 0.41%.  

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Lösen von Edelmetallen aus edelmetallhaltigen Rückständen, bei dem man
  • a) die Rückstände mit konzentrierter Salzsäure aufschlämmt und
  • b) HCl-Gas und Chlorgas durch die Aufschlämmung leitet.
1. A process for dissolving precious metals from residues containing precious metals, in which
  • a) slurrying the residues with concentrated hydrochloric acid and
  • b) HCl gas and chlorine gas are passed through the slurry.
2. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, worin die Edelmetalle Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh oder Ir sind.2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the noble metals are Ag, Au, Pd, Pt, Ru, Os, Rh or Ir. 3. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem HCl-Gas und Chlorgas in äquimolaren Mengen ein­ gesetzt werden.3. The method of claim 1, wherein the HCl gas and chlorine gas in equimolar amounts be set. 4. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem die Rückstände als feinverteilte Suspension in der Salzsäure vorliegen.4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the residues as a finely divided suspension in the Hydrochloric acid are present. 5. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, bei dem die Suspension gerührt wird.5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the suspension is stirred. 6. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem Schritt b) bei mehr als etwa 70°C durchgeführt wird.6. The method of claim 1, wherein step b) is carried out at more than about 70 ° C. 7. Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, bei dem Schritt b) bei Rückflusstemperatur von etwa 105°C durchgeführt wird.7. The method of claim 1, in which step b) at the reflux temperature of about 105 ° C. is carried out. 8. Verfahren gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei dem die Gase HCl und Cl2 vor der Zu­ gabe in einer geeigneten Mischkammer gemischt werden und dann durch ein Einleitrohr unter die Flüssigkeitsoberfläche geleitet werden.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, in which the gases HCl and Cl 2 are mixed prior to addition in a suitable mixing chamber and then passed through an inlet pipe below the liquid surface.
DE2001121946 2001-05-05 2001-05-05 Process for dissolving precious metals contained in residues comprises slurrying the residues with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and feeding hydrogen chloride gas and chlorine gas through the slurry Expired - Lifetime DE10121946C1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150114182A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2015-04-30 Inter-Euro Technology Limited Gold recovery

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE843015C (en) * 1943-03-06 1952-07-03 Basf Ag Process for dissolving platinum metals
DE2117513B2 (en) * 1970-04-14 1979-05-31 American Metal Climax, Inc., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.)
WO1999013115A1 (en) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Prior Engineering Ag Method for reprocessing materials containing precious metals by means of chromatographic separation and fractionation
EP1061143A1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-20 W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co. KG Method for solubilizing noble metalls

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE843015C (en) * 1943-03-06 1952-07-03 Basf Ag Process for dissolving platinum metals
DE2117513B2 (en) * 1970-04-14 1979-05-31 American Metal Climax, Inc., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.)
WO1999013115A1 (en) * 1997-09-11 1999-03-18 Prior Engineering Ag Method for reprocessing materials containing precious metals by means of chromatographic separation and fractionation
EP1061143A1 (en) * 1999-06-18 2000-12-20 W.C. Heraeus GmbH & Co. KG Method for solubilizing noble metalls

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20150114182A1 (en) * 2012-05-09 2015-04-30 Inter-Euro Technology Limited Gold recovery
US9689054B2 (en) * 2012-05-09 2017-06-27 High Value Metals Recovery Ltd Gold recovery

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