DE10108795A1 - Arrangement for two- or three-dimensional representation of scene or object has liquids or gases provided for filling chambers that are only transmissive for certain wavelengths - Google Patents

Abstract

The arrangement has an image reproduction device, a number of chambers arranged in front of the reproduction device in the observation direction, one or more liquids or gases and an arrangement for varying the fill state of the chambers with the liquids or gases. The liquids or gases provided for filling the chambers are only transmissive for certain wavelengths..

Description

The invention relates to arrangements for two- or three-dimensional representation with an image display device, a plurality of chambers that are in the viewing direction one or more liquids or gases are arranged in front of the image display device, and means for changing the state of filling of the chambers with the liquids or gases. According to the invention, the rivers are provided for filling the chambers liquids or gases only transparent for certain wavelength ranges.

In the prior art, various arrangements are three-dimensionally perceptible Representation known to several viewers without tools. Much of the underlying The optical process allows a purely technical switchover between the generation mode of a spatial impression and the representation with a two-dimensional Impression not too. In arrangements where this is possible, it often becomes very high technical and therefore financial effort required. For example, US 5040878 a special lighting device for generating a spatial impression kes described, in which an optical fiber is provided with nubs. One in US 5897184 The extension described here enables the technical switchover between a 2D and a 3D mode. The large manufacturing outlay for that has a disadvantageous effect special light guide, which is also reflected in the manufacturing costs.

Starting from this prior art, the invention is based on the object simple means a technical switch between a 2D mode and a 3D Ensure mode.

This object is achieved according to the invention by an arrangement for two or three diodes dimensional representation of a scene / an object, including an image reproduction advises a large number of chambers in the viewing direction in front of the image display device are arranged, one or more liquids or gases, and means for changing the Filling state of the chambers with the liquids or gases, the for the Be Filling the chambers provided liquids or gases transparent for only be are tuned wavelength ranges.  

With such an arrangement, one is preferred for a two-dimensional representation first selection of chambers in a first filling state with one or more Gases or one or more liquids added, while for a three-dimensional Representation of a second selection of chambers in a second filling state with egg nem or more gases or one or more liquids is added.

In such an arrangement, the entirety consisting of chambers and Liquids or gases act as a filter array. Depending on the filling status of the chambers an optional spatial or two-dimensional representation is then generated. Anordnun conditions for spatial representation based on a filter array, which, for. B. in front of a picture like dergabgerät is arranged in the German utility model 200 02 149.4 be wrote.

It is therefore advantageous if the chambers of the arrangement according to the invention are in one Grids of rows q and columns p are arranged.

In addition, several chambers can preferably be combined to form a group and a large number of such groups of chambers exist. All chambers of each one Group of chambers are interconnected in such a way that a material exchange through all chambers within each individual group of chambers is possible. Farther Means are provided to change the state of filling of the chambers with the Liquids or gases are designed so that each one is filled change individual group of chambers or a selection of groups of chambers separately can be changed. This makes it possible to filter the effect of certain chambers change, for example by changing a chamber to an empty filling state. From an optical point of view, the chamber is then essentially completely transparent to the view bare light.

The means for changing the filling state preferably include a pump a control and a reservoir for storing the liquids or gases. There is preferably for each group of chambers or each selection of groups Means for changing the filling state separately controllable by the chambers. In order to can be achieved, for example, that a group of chambers in which a liquid is filled, which only allows red light to pass through, with a single control step or is emptied.  

In an advantageous embodiment, four different ones are used to fill the chambers Liquids or gases are provided, each with a liquid or a gas is transparent to red, green or blue light and the fourth liquid or the fourth gas is essentially not transparent to visible light. This means that at corre appropriate filling of selected chambers or groups for a spatial impression favorable structure can be created which corresponds in its effect to a filter array.

In another embodiment variant, two are different for filling the chambers dene liquids or gases provided, wherein the first liquid or the first gas is transparent to the entire visible light wavelength range and the second Liquid or the second gas is essentially not transparent to visible light. With this configuration, too, selected chambers can be filled appropriately or groups a structure that is favorable for a spatial impression can be created their effect corresponds to a filter array. It is also possible to use only the first liquid or use the first gas and simply add air as gas for the transparent section use.

For example, mercury or a liquid and opaque color can be used as the liquid come into question. For red, green or blue transmitting liquids come as well translucent colors in question.

A complete emptying of the chambers or a filling with a transparent flow liquid, which has approximately the refractive index, as the material of the chambers, hangs almost unaffected 2D display.

In addition, the filling status can also be changed such that a liquid or a gas is moved from one group of chambers to a second group of chambers. In this respect, for example, the cross section of the chambers of the first group predominantly in a plane perpendicular to the viewing direction, while the chambers of the second group only as small as possible in a plane perpendicular to the viewing direction trained, a rapid change in the filling status can be achieved. The chambers of the first group are filled for the 3D mode. Here is the optical Effect of the corresponding liquid very well, since the cross-section of the surface transverse to the loading direction is. In the second case, i.e. H. in 2D mode, where the chambers of the  second group are filled, the visual impact is relatively small because of the areas cross section transverse to the viewing direction is minimized.

The object of the invention is further achieved by an arrangement for two or three dimensional representation of a scene / an object, comprising an image reproduction device, a large number of chambers in the viewing direction in front of the image display device are arranged and contain one or more liquids or gases, wherein means for Changing the state of the liquids or gases are provided and at least one or one of the liquids or gases in a first state transparent for only a first wavelength range and in a second state transparent for only egg is a second wavelength range.

In this embodiment variant, the state of filling is not necessarily shown in FIGS Chambers changed, but it is the state, for. B. the physical state or chemical Properties that change liquids or gases, whereby the transmissi on properties of the corresponding substance vary. For example, here as rivers pH indicator solutions (e.g. bromothymol blue, methyl orange, phenolphthalein, Litmus or benzyl orange) are used, which are added when adding a basic or sau liquid change their transparency wavelength ranges. Phenolphta in particular In an acidic environment, linen is quasi transparent for all visible wavelength ranges, weh rend it only lets purple light in a basic environment. With litmus solution can achieve non-transmission of the visible spectrum in the pH-neutral range are drawn, while a strong acidification or strong basic addition the Transpa red or blue light.

An acidic or basic chemical is added by means of the agents the condition of the liquids or gases.

For a two-dimensional representation, the liquids or gases are then in one initial selection of chambers placed in a first state, while for a three-dimensional Sional representation of the liquids or gases in a second selection of chambers be placed in a second state. Due to the change in the banners The media used can act as a filter array in the second close ensure a spatial representation.  

In this embodiment variant, too, the chambers are preferably made of a grid Rows q and columns p are arranged. Several chambers can be grouped together be quantitative, and a large number of such groups of chambers can exist. before all chambers of each individual group of chambers are connected to one another in such a way that a material exchange through all chambers within each individual group of Chambers is possible. Such a group of chambers includes, for example completely a certain liquid which in the first state is transparent for the complete visible light wavelength range and in the second state only transparent to another ren light wavelength range.

The means for changing the state of the liquids or gases in the chambers are designed such that the condition of each individual group of chambers or one Selection of groups of chambers can be changed separately.

In a first embodiment, at least four liquids or gases are used for filling of the chambers provided, one or one of the liquids or gases in each case in min at least a state transparent to red, green or blue light or essentially is not transparent to visible light.

In a second embodiment, at least two liquids or gases are to be filled tion of the chambers provided, with one or one of the liquids or gases in minde at least one state transparent for the entire visible light spectrum and one or both the liquids or gases are essentially non-transparent in at least one state for visible light.

In all of the previously described embodiment variants of the invention, a flat screen, for example a color LC display, with separately controllable sub-pixels is advised as image reproduction, each sub-pixel corresponding to a picture element α _ij in a grid with columns i and lines j, and where the flat screen is coupled to a control circuit that generates partial information of the views A _k (k = 1 to n) on the subpixels according to the function

in which

• i corresponds to the index of a picture element α _ij in one line of the grid,
• j corresponds to the index of a picture element α _ij in a column of the grid,
• - k the consecutive number of the view A _k (k = 1... n) from which the partial information originating from a certain picture element α _ij originates,
• - n the total number of views A _{k used} (k = 1... n)
• - c _ij a selectable coefficient matrix for combining or mixing the different partial information from the views A _k (k = 1... n) on the grid and
• - IntegerPart of a function for generating the largest integer that is in square The argument in brackets does not exceed.

Furthermore, all the design variants have in common that the chambers in the grid (p, q) - projected onto the viewing direction - a polygonal, preferably rectangular outline have and the expansion in width or height in each case a few hundred micrometers up to is a few centimeters.

The fillable volume of the individual chambers has a depth of a few, for example a hundred micrometers to a few centimeters.

The distance z between the volume center of the chambers and the grid (i, j) from image elements α _ij , ie the image display device, satisfies the following equation:

Herein means:

• - s _{p is} the mean horizontal distance between two picture elements α _ij ,
• - p _d the mean pupil distance for an observer and
• - _a a selectable viewing distance, which essentially corresponds to the average of all possible distances in the entire viewing space between the image display device and a viewer or a viewing position.

A plasma display, an electroluminescent display, an electron beam tube, a laser-illuminated display, an LED display, a field emission display, a projection screen can also be used as the image display device on which the raster (i, j) is displayed with picture elements α _ij . a printed image or a polymer-based display device.

Furthermore, it is possible that in the viewing direction before the arrangement, a lens before pulls a Fresnel lens, is arranged, whereby depending on the design of the lens a real or virtual representation of the arrangement for the viewer arises.

In an exemplary embodiment, four liquids are provided, each of which is permanently transparent to green, red and blue light and the fourth liquid does not allow light to pass in the visible wavelength range. Such an arrangement with corresponding fillable chambers is shown as a schematic section and not to scale in Fig. 1. In each case, a plurality of chambers are connected to one another in a step-like manner to form a group of chambers between which a material exchange is possible via connecting pieces. The upper filler neck schematically represents the connection to the means for changing the filling state, which here can comprise, for example, a liquid reservoir and a pump with control per group of chambers. Possible further inlet or outlet ports, which are preferably located on the underside of the entirety of the chambers, are not shown in the drawing. The letters R, G and B each stand for the red, green and blue liquid, while an "S" stands for a liquid whose transparency wavelength lies outside the visible spectrum.

A particularly easy to manufacture arrangement is shown in FIG. 2. Only a liquid is used, the transparency wavelength of which lies outside the visible wavelength range (marked by "S"). For the 3D mode, the liquid is conveyed into the corresponding chambers via a control signal via one or more pump devices, while for the 3D mode it is conveyed out again and is kept, for example, in a reservoir. The chambers marked with "T" let visible light of any wavelength pass and are filled with air, for example.

Other exemplary cross-sectional areas of the chambers and its filling (for the 3D mode) in the viewing direction are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

In addition, in a further embodiment, the filling condition can also be changed such that a liquid or a gas is moved from one group of chambers to another. Such an embodiment variant is shown schematically in FIG. 5, only one chamber of the different groups of chambers being drawn. In this respect, for example, the chambers ( 2 ) of the first group are expanded in cross-section predominantly in a plane perpendicular to the viewing direction (B), while the chambers ( 4 ) of the second group are formed as small as possible in a plane perpendicular to the viewing direction (B) , a quick change in the filling status can be achieved. For the first mode, ie the 3D mode, the chambers ( 2 ) are filled. The optical effect of the corresponding liquid is very good, since the cross-sectional area is transverse to the viewing direction. In the second case, ie in 2D mode, in which the chambers ( 4 ) are filled, the optical effect is relatively small, since the cross-sectional area across the viewing direction (B) is minimized.

In the example mentioned, the filling conditions are e.g. B. influenced by the regulation of the surrounding pressure. The sockets ( 1 ) and ( 5 ) are used for this. In the total volume of the chambers ( 2 ) and ( 4 ) and the connecting piece ( 3 ) there is liquid which is not transparent to visible light and has a volume equal to the sum of a chamber volume ( 2 ) and the connecting piece ( 3 ). The chambers ( 2 ) and ( 4 ) preferably each have the same filling volume. For the 3D mode, an air pressure is now applied to the nozzle ( 5 ), which presses the liquid from the chamber ( 4 ) into the chamber ( 2 ). At the same time, there is a negative pressure on the nozzle ( 1 ), so that the liquid actually moves. Insofar as the liquid has reached its desired location, the pressure conditions are fixed. If, on the other hand, 2D mode is to be activated again, the pressure conditions are set accordingly and the chamber ( 4 ) is filled instead of the chamber ( 2 ).

For special applications, it can also be advantageous if the groups from Kam mers are chosen so that the switch between 2D and 3D mode only on one part surface of the image display device takes place.

All of the arrangements according to the invention offer the possibility of being relatively small Effort to create arrangements for either two or three-dimensional representation. In particular, it enables large-format screens such as plasma displays from 50 inches and larger screen diagonal with the means mentioned to 2D / 3D switchable devices.  

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

R liquid or gas, which transmits red light
G Liquid or gas, which transmits green light
B Liquid or gas, each of which transmits blue light
S Liquid or gas, which does not transmit visible light
z Distance of the image-forming grid (i, j) to the volume center of the chambers
i horizontal index of a grid (i, j)
j vertical index of a grid (i, j)
n Total number of views used
α _ij

Image element αn at the point (i, j) in the grid (i, j)

1

Support

2

chamber

3

connecting pieces

4

chamber

5

Support

Claims (23)

1. Arrangement for two- or three-dimensional representation of a scene / an object, comprising an image display device, a plurality of chambers, which are arranged in the viewing direction in front of the image display device, one or more liquids or gases, and means for changing the filling state of the chambers with the liquids or gases, characterized in that the liquids or gases provided for filling the chambers are transparent for only certain wavelength ranges. 2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that for a two-dimensional dar position a first selection of chambers in a first filling state with or several gases or one or more liquids is added, while for one three-dimensional representation of a second selection of chambers in a second filling state with one or more gases or one or more liquids is set. 3. Arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the chambers in one Grids of rows q and columns p are arranged. 4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that several each re chambers are grouped together and that a variety of such groups of chambers exists. 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that all chambers of each one Group of chambers are interconnected so that a material exchange through all chambers within each individual group of chambers is possible. 6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for changing the Filling status of the chambers with the liquids or gases are designed such that the state of filling of each individual group of chambers or a selection can be changed separately by groups of chambers.   7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the for the filling of the chambers four different liquids or gases are provided where each with a liquid or a gas transparent for red, green or blue Is light and the fourth liquid or gas is essentially non-transparent rent for visible light. 8. Arrangement according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that for the filling development of the chambers two different liquids or gases are provided, the first liquid or the first gas transparent for the complete visible light waves length range and the second liquid or the second gas is essentially not is transparent to visible light. 9. Arrangement for two- or three-dimensional representation of a scene / an object, comprising an image display device, a plurality of chambers, which are arranged in the viewing direction in front of the image display device and contain one or more liquids or gases, characterized in that

• - Means are provided for changing the state of the liquids or gases, at least one or one of the liquids or gases being transparent for only a first wavelength range in a first state and transparent for only a second wavelength range in a second state.

10. The arrangement according to claim 9, characterized in that for a two-dimensional Representation of the liquids or gases in a first selection of chambers in one most state, while the liquidity for a three-dimensional representation Ten or gases in a second selection of chambers in a second state become. 11. The arrangement according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the chambers in egg a grid of rows q and columns p are arranged. 12. Arrangement according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that in each case several chambers are grouped together and that a variety of such Groups of chambers exist.   13. Arrangement according to claim 12, characterized in that all chambers each individually NEN group of chambers are interconnected so that a material exchange is possible through all chambers within each individual group of chambers. 14. Arrangement according to claim 13, characterized in that the means for changing the condition of the liquids or gases in the chambers are designed such that because the condition of each individual group of chambers or a selection of groups can be changed separately by chambers. 15. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that min at least four liquids or gases are provided for filling the chambers, wherein one or one of the liquids or gases is transparent in at least one state for red, green or blue light or essentially not transparent for visible light is. 16. Arrangement according to one of claims 9-14, characterized in that at least two liquids or gases are provided for filling the chambers, one or one of the liquids or gases in at least one state transparent to the ge entire visible light spectrum and one or one of the liquids or gases in at least is substantially non-transparent to visible light. 17. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a flat screen, for example a color LC display, with separately controllable subpixels is provided as the image display device, wherein each subpixel a picture element α _ij in a grid with columns i and lines j corresponds, and that the flat screen is coupled to a control circuit which generates partial information of the views A _k (k = 1 to n) on the subpixels according to the function
in which
i corresponds to the index of a picture element α _ij in one line of the grid,
j corresponds to the index of a picture element α _ij in a column of the grid,
k the consecutive number of the view A _k (k = 1... n) from which the partial information originating from a specific picture element α _ij originates,
n the total number of views A _{k used} (k = 1... n),
c _ij a selectable coefficient matrix for combining or mixing the different partial information from the views A _k (k = 1... n) on the grid and
IntegerPart of a function to generate the largest integer that does not exceed the argument in square brackets. 18. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Chambers in the grid (p, q) - projected onto the viewing direction - a polygonal before has rectangular outline and the extent in width or height each a few is a hundred microns to a few centimeters. 19. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Fillable volumes of the individual chambers to a depth of a few hundred micrometers to a few centimeters. 20. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance z between the volume center of the chambers and the grid (i, j) from picture elements α _ij satisfies the following equation:
Herein means:
s _{p is} the mean horizontal distance between two picture elements α _ij ,
p _d the mean pupil distance for an observer and
d _a a selectable viewing distance, which essentially corresponds to the average of all possible distances in the entire viewing space between the image display device and a viewer or a viewing position. 21. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the image display device on which the grid (i, j) is reproduced with picture elements α _ij , a plasma display, an LC display, an electroluminescent display, an electron beam tube, a laser-illuminated display, an LED display, a field emission display, a projection screen, a printed image or a polymer-based display device. 22. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in Viewing direction upstream of the arrangement, a lens, preferably a Fresnel lens is, depending on the design of the lens, a real or virtual image of the arrangement for the viewer. 23. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the Groups of chambers are chosen so that switching between 2D and 3D mode takes place only on a partial area of the image display device.