DE10108445A1 - Pressure can for production of elastic foam, e.g. for cavity filling in building, contains a reaction product of isocyanate with a mixture of polyether-polyol, high and low molecular weight polyester-diols - Google Patents

Abstract

A pressure can containing a reaction product (I) for production of elastic foam, which is obtained by reacting isocyanate(s) with a mixture of (i) a polyether-polyol with a mol. wt. of 3000-10000 obtained by reacting a trifunctional starter with alkylene oxide, (ii) a polyester-diol with a mol. wt. of 1500-10000 and (iii) a polyester-diol with a mol. wt. of 300-1499. Independent claims are also included for the following: (a) a 1-component foam-in-can system based on (I); (b) a 2-component foam-in-can system based on (I) and another component containing isocyanate-reactive compound(s), catalyst and water; (c) a method for the production of elastic foam based on polyisocyanate-polyaddition products by releasing product (I) from a pressure can.

Description

The invention relates to pressure vessels containing for the production of an elastic foam containing the reaction product of at least one isocyanate with a mixture

• a) polyether polyol with a molecular weight of 3000 g / mol to 10000 g / mol, preferably 3000 g / mol to 6000 g / mol by implementing a trifunctional starter substance with Aklylenoxid
• b) polyester diol with a molecular weight of 1500 g / mol to 10000 g / mol, preferably 1500 g / mol to 3000 g / mol
• c) polyester diol with a molecular weight of 300 g / mol to 1499 g / mol.

Furthermore, the invention relates to 1-component can foam systems and 2-component can foam systems based on the like implementation products.

One or two component foams made from polyisocyanate polyadditions products, for example polyurethanes, which may contain urine fabric structures can be found in construction and in the hand Werk frequently used assembly equipment when installing windows and doors as well as filler for construction-related cavities or breakthroughs in the wall, e.g. B. in pipe installations.

The 1-component systems generally consist of an NCO terminated prepolymer and blowing agents and optionally Auxiliaries and additives, e.g. B. catalysts and stabilizers, and are usually made from pressure vessels by means of the propellant carried out by means of. The raising of the prepolymer (Frothing) due to the expansion of the blowing agent and the curing of the Foam due to reaction with the humidity close directly to the discharge from the pressure vessel.

In the 2-component systems there is generally a through mixing the prepolymer with a hardener component in one Mixing gun when dispensing from a can.  

Such systems are known from the documents DE-A-197 31 680, EP-A-480 342, DE-A-33 17 193, DE-A-39 11 784 and DE-A-38 29 104.

The previously known PUR aerosol foams can with respect to their mechanical properties as hard or semi-hard foams be characterized. Because of this, the known Aerosol foams have a relatively low elasticity and are half for applications with additional strong strain the foam less suitable.

A disadvantage of the known PUR aerosol foams with these hard or semi-hard character are their behavior in Aging process. So they have the disadvantage that their low elasticity from the outset with a longer service life is drastically reduced and depending on the form used tion that lose elasticity and can therefore become brittle. Assembly structures with tensile loads are used usual 1-component polyurethane foams cannot be realized or only with restrictions of the mechanical resilience and the Service life producible.

The 1 and 2 component systems have in common that so far were limited to hard to semi-hard foams. The Her provision of soft, elastic foams by discharge a suitable reaction mixture from a pressure vessel so far unknown.

The object of the invention was to provide a reaction mixture for printing develop containers after discharge from the pressure vessel is suitable for producing an elastic foam. The Reaction mixture should be stable in storage in the pressure vessel. The foam to be made using the reaction mixture should preferably have an elongation at break according to DIN 53571 of greater than 60% exhibit. The cured foam should preferably be your own have properties of a flexible polyurethane foam, if possible do not shrink, improve elasticity and ver Characterize better stretching behavior, have assembly ability and have joint material properties. The goal is still that these properties are preserved over a long period of time stay.

This task could be done by the pressure shown at the beginning container are released.  

The molecular weights given in this document represent number average molecular weights.

The reaction product of the isocyanates with those of the invention Polyether polyols and polyester diols, hereinafter together also known as polyols, compared to isocyanates reactive compounds are usually in the form of an iso prepolymer having cyanate groups (NCO). In general the prepolymers have a free NCO group content of 4 to 18%, preferably 6 to 12%.

Although high moles in the previously known PUR aerosol foams kular polyether or polyester polyols in smaller proportions are used, they have no highly elastic properties rise due to the hard to semi-hard foam character a combination of low molecular weight crosslinking polyols with raw MDI. A highly elastic foam with the properties level of a PUR soft foam arises when predominantly the polyols according to the invention are used and preferably the Isocyanate components used later become.

Essential to the invention are therefore those shown at the beginning Polyols (i), (ii) and (iii) for the preparation of the reaction product with the isocyanates.

The polyether polyols (i) can be prepared according to known ones Processes, for example by anionic polymerization with Alkali hydroxides, such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, or alkali alcoholates, such as sodium methylate, sodium or potassium ethylate or potassium isopropylate as catalysts or by cationic Polymerization with Lewis acids, such as antimony pentachloride, boron fluoride etherate u. a. or bleaching earth as catalysts one or more alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkylene radical and optionally a starter molecule which Contains 2 reactive hydrogen atoms bound. As alkylene oxides be z. B. called: ethylene oxide, 1,2-propylene oxide, tetrahydro furan, 1,2- and 2,3-butylene oxide. Preferably used Ethylene oxide and mixtures of 1,2-propylene oxide and ethylene oxide. The alkylene oxides can be individually, alternately in succession or can be used as a mixture. Come as starter molecules for example triplets with a functionality of 3, for example Glycerin and / or trimethylolpropane into consideration.

Preferred is (i) the reaction product of a trifunctional Starter substance with ethylene oxide and optionally propylene oxide, where (i) preferably 10 to 100%, particularly preferably 60 to 95%  primary hydroxyl groups based on all in the compound existing hydroxyl groups.

Such polyetherols can be obtained by e.g. B. to the starter molecule, propylene oxide-1,2 and then then polymerized the ethylene oxide or first that total 1,2-propylene oxide mixed with part of the ethylene copolymerized oxide and then the rest of the ethylene oxide polymerized or gradually part of the Ethylene oxide, then all of 1,2-propylene oxide and then that Polymerized rest of the ethylene oxide on the starter molecule or only ethylene oxide polymerized on the starter molecule.

The polyester diols (ii) and (iii), hereinafter also as Designated polyesterols can in a known manner by poly condensation of difunctional carboxylic acids with difunctional Alcohols are produced. Such products are used at for example in the plastics manual, volume 7, "Polyurethane", edited by Günter Oertel, Carl Hauser Verlag Munich, 3rd edition 1993, pages 67 to 74.

The polycondensation is usually carried out at temperatures from 140 to 250 ° C under normal pressure or reduced pressure, optionally in the presence of conventional catalysts, such as. B. Esterification catalyst containing iron, titanium and / or tin sators, by. A distillation of the water of reaction can preferably up to an acid number of ≦ 3 mg KOH / g, particularly preferably ≦ 1 mg KOH / g.

Examples of suitable dicarboxylic acids are: ali phatic dicarboxylic acids, such as suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacin acid and preferably adipic acid, glutaric acid and amber acid and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, such as Isophthalic acid and preferably terephthalic acid and phthalic acid. The dicarboxylic acids can be used individually or as mixtures, e.g. B. in Form of a succinic, glutaric and adipic acid mixture, ver be applied. Likewise, are mixtures of aromatic and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids can be used. The polyester diols can optionally have ether structures.

Examples of polyhydric alcohols are alkanediols with 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 6 carbon atoms, such as ethanediol, propane diol-1,3, butanediol-1,4, pentanediol-1,5, hexanediol-1,6, decane diol-1,10, 2,2-dimethylpropanediol-1,3, propanediol-1,2. Depending on The polyhydric alcohols can achieve the desired properties  used alone or optionally in mixtures with one another become.

Suitable polyesterols can be obtained, for example, from those mentioned Dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 4 up to 8 carbon atoms, and the exemplified more quality alcohols.

Also suitable as polyesterols are esters of carbonic acid the diols mentioned, especially those with 4 to 6 carbons atoms of matter, such as 1,4-butanediol and / or 1,6-hexanediol, and min least two free carboxyl groups, condensation products of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ω-hydroxycaproic acid and preferably polymerization products of lactones, for example optionally substituted ε-caprolactones with at least two free carboxyl groups.

Preferably used as polyesterols are those on the Base of adipic acid, glutaric acid, succinic acid, terephthalate acid and / or phthalic acid or mixtures containing at least two of these dicarboxylic acids.

In addition to the polyols according to the invention, the polyol component further conventional hydroxy-functional compounds, e.g. B. short chain diols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol as a chain extender, short-chain at least three-functional Alcohols such as glycerin or trimethylolpropane as crosslinkers and / or monools as molecular weight regulators. Prefers are based on 65 to 100% by weight of those reactive towards isocyanates Compounds for the preparation of the isocyanate groups Prepolymers on the polyols (i), (ii) and (Iii).

The weight ratio of (i): (ii): (iii) the following values: 1: 0.25 to 1.5: 0.1 to 0.5.

By the preferred ratio of the different polyols to each other the open-cell structure of the aerosol can leaking and with moisture or with the 2-component processing with the hardener mixture used Co-determined among others. While the previously be knew foams with hard or semi-hard foam character certain degree of cell opening is required to prevent shrinkage, compared to the new, highly elastic foam a lot higher. Achieving such a high Degree of cell opening (almost exclusively open foam cells)  to achieve a shrink-free, highly elastic foam Soft foam properties particularly preferred.

The prepolymer is preferably in a mixture with liquid organo phosphates, especially trichloropropyl phosphate, and / or organo phosphonates. In the specified polyol composition these additions serve two purposes. So are the liquid ones Organophosphates and / or organophosphonates, especially tri chloropropyl phosphate, on the one hand, a miscibility-imparting agent Agent for the otherwise immiscible high molecular weight poly ether and polyester polyols and on the other hand they fulfill as positive side effect their original role as additives Flame retardants.

Pressure vessels are therefore also preferred which, in addition to Reaction product according to the invention preferably liquid organo phosphates and / or organophosphonates, especially trichlor contain propyl phosphate or trichloroethyl phosphate.

According to the further 1- and 2-component are preferred Can foam systems, in addition to the invention Reaction products organophosphates and / or organophosphonates contain.

The production of 1- or 2-component mixtures and their Foaming from pressure vessels, e.g. B. aerosol cans, depending on Application are provided with different valves, preferably cans with a filling volume of 0.1 to 3 liters, the have a foam tube (contra-angle) or a gun, via which the implementation product can be discharged, and the NCO-terminated prepolymers and blowing agents, catalysts and optionally containing other additives is known. For example, can a mixture containing the hydroxyl groups as the polyalcohol component having compounds and optionally the catalysts and contains auxiliaries and additives with the polyisocyanate compo nente, the polyisocyanates and, if necessary, auxiliaries and additives contains substitutes, individually or as a mixture via a suitable Dosing system in a desired ratio with an excess at NCO groups via the OH groups into the pressure vessel, at for example, aerosol cans are filled. The one with the reak Containers filled with mixed mixtures pass through a closure device, wherein the container with valves for discharging the 1-component mixture are provided, and then filled with blowing agents. In a tumbling or shaking system the components, i.e. H. that is made up of the polyols and the Prepolymer with terminal isocyanate forming polyisocyanates groups, the blowing agent and optionally the catalysts  and auxiliaries and additives are mixed intensively with one another. Alternatively, the polyol and polyisocyanate components optionally with catalysts and auxiliaries and additives z. B. in a closed reactor with stirring and tempering devices reacted with intensive mixing become. The reaction can be carried out continuously or batchwise Lich in conventional reactors, for example known tubular or stirred tank reactors, preferably in the presence of conventional ones Catalysts, the reaction of OH functional compounds accelerate with the isocyanate groups, and optionally inert solvents, d. H. compared to the isocyanates and OH-functional compounds, non-reactive compounds, respectively. For example, the inert solvents and the catalysts are placed in a conventional stirred tank OH-functional compounds added and mixed intensively be, depending on the composition and the amounts conditions of the OH-functional compounds clear solutions or emulsions can result. Then the addition of Isocyanates, the mixing of the components and the implementation to the hydroxyl-containing prepolymers, which in all generally at a temperature of 20 to 50 ° C after about 1 hour is completed. Alternatively, if you have the Implementation without the presence of inert solvents carries out, submitted the OH-functional compounds and how described are reacted with the isocyanates. Subsequently can the prepolymer in a pressure vessel, for example a Aerosol can filled and according to the above design the finished mixture can be processed. The invention 1- or 2-component mixtures can be done either by a conventional Elbow as well as by a well-known discharge device, commonly called a pistol, from which Can be carried out. The discharge is usually carried out by the pressure in the container caused by the propellant for example liquid gas or liquid gas mixtures is present. In a preferred embodiment can implement the polyols with the isocyanates in the presence of flame retardants at a temperature of 25 ° C and a pressure of 1013 mbar are in liquid form as inert solvents. For example, organophosphate and / or organophosphonate compounds, for example trichloropropyl phosphate as inert Solvents are used. If necessary, the further customary inert solvents and / or plasticizers be used.

The prepolymers, in this document also as 1 or 2 components Can foam systems, d. H. the implementation products of Polyols according to the invention with the isocyanates are preferred  Use in the manufacture of 1 or 2 components Mixtures that, for example, in addition to the prepolymers Blowing agents and optionally catalysts, auxiliaries and / or May contain additives. In the invention 1-component can foam systems are processed Prepolymers to foam in general by curing the foaming prepolymer with humidity. In the invention According to 2-component can foam systems this is usually Prepolymer implemented with a water-containing hardener component.

In addition to the 1-component can foam systems 2-component can foam systems also preferred according to the invention, where, in addition to the prepolymer, another component containing at least one Ver reactive towards isocyanates bond, catalyst and water in the pressure vessel.

To produce the elastic foam, the 2-component systems through the pressurized prepolymer Add this additional component, also as a hardener component referred to converted to foam. Preferably contains the Hardener component is a mixture of a polyether polyol that according to generally known methods with a conventional primary or secondary amine as starter with conventional alkylene oxides was produced, a diol and a tertiary amine or amine mixture as well as water. Implementation of the prepolymer with the hardener component is usually done by intensive Ver mix the two components shortly before or during discharge of the prepolymer from the pressure vessel. This is preferably done Adding the hardener component to the prepolymer by destroying one Container that is in the pressure container and the hardener component contains. By destroying the container for the Hardener component comes into contact with the prepolymer. at for example, by shaking the pressure vessel, an inten active mixing of the components can be achieved. Is preferred immediately after mixing the mixture of the Pressure vessel discharged. Alternatively, the hardener can be added component to the prepolymer via a mixing gun with static mixer are carried out.

The elastic foams according to the invention are polyiso cyanate polyadducts, preferably polyurethanes, the can optionally have urea structures. The foam fabrics preferably have an elongation at break according to DIN 53571 of greater than 60%, preferably greater than 70%.  

In the following, further starting materials are shown as examples posed.

Examples of suitable organic isocyanates are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and, in particular, aromatic di- or poly-isocyanates. The following may be mentioned by way of example: aliphatic diisocyanates, such as 1,6-hexamethylene-diisocyanate, 1,5-2-methyl-pentamethylene-diisocyanate, 1,4-2-ethyl-butylene-diiso or mixtures of at least 2 of the C mentioned _6- alkylene diisocyanates, pentamethylene diisocyanate 1,5 and butylene diisocyanate 1,4, cycloaliphatic diisocyanates such as 1-isocyanato-3,3,5-trimethyl-5-isocyanatomethyl-cyclohexane (isophore-diisocyanate), 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1-methyl-2,4- and -2,6-cyclohexane diisocyanate and the corresponding isomer mixtures, 4,4'-, 2,4'- and 2,2'-dicyclohexylmethane diiso cyanate and the corresponding isomer mixtures and preferably aromatic diisocyanates, such as 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate (1,5-NDI), 2,4- and 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) and mixtures thereof, 2,4 '-, 2,2'-, and preferably 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and mixtures of at least two of these isomers, polyphenyl polymethylene polyisocyanates (polymer MDI, PMDI) with two or more aromatic systems, mixtures of 2,4'-, 2,2'- and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenyl-polymethylene-polyisocyanates (raw MDI), mixtures of raw MDI and tolylene diisocyanates, polyphenyl Polyisocyanates, urethane-modified liquid 4,4'- and / or 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanates and 4,4'-diisocyanatodiphenylethane (1,2). Isocyanates are particularly preferably used, which are in liquid form at a temperature of 25 ° C.

At least one may be used as the compound containing isocyanate groups Di- and / or polyisocyanate and / or a reaction product of Reaction of at least one isocyanate-reactive Ver with at least one di- and / or polyisocyanate be used, the production of these isocyanate groups pointing prepolymer by generally known methods can. As a reaction product that has isocyanate groups, ver it is preferred to use a prepolymer with an NCO content of 4 up to 30%.

A crude MDI with an isocyanate component is preferred Weight fraction of monomeric diisocyanate, preferably monomeric MDI of at least 50% by weight.

A urethane-modified NCO prepolymer is particularly preferred, in particular a urethane-modified one having NCO groups Prepolymer based on MDI, particularly preferably prepolymers,  which are the implementation products of MDI with at least one Polyester polyol, epoxy-containing polyols and / or polybutadiene represent diols.

Urethane-modified NCO- Prepolymers made from the epoxy-containing polyols oxazolidone structures included. The oxazolidone structures are special included when the epoxy-containing polyols at temperatures of greater than 60 ° C for the previous urethane modification of the set isocyanate can be used.

While common for the production of hard and semi-hard Aerosol foams are used almost exclusively in raw MDI, have these preferred isocyanate components as advantageous for the production of highly elastic foams exposed.

The urethane modification of the isocyanate component is related to the desired high elasticity of the foam then particularly successful if the urethane modification of the isocyanate compo nente with OH-functional compounds, which with the in the associated polyol component containing OH functional No compounds for reaction with the isocyanate component or are miscible to a limited extent. This applies in particular to the use of polybutadiene diols for urethane modification of the for Aerosol foam production uses isocyanate. The usage of polyester polyols for isocyanate modification in ver use a mainly consisting of polyether polyols Polyol component for the aerosol foam also leads to be particularly elastic foams.

As catalysts, which in particular the reaction between the NCO groups of the diisocyanates and the hydroxyl groups of the poly Accelerate alcohols according to the state of the art known and customary strongly basic amides such as 2,3-dimethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidine, tris (dialkylamino alkyl) -s-hexahydrotriazines, such as. B. Tris- (N, N-dimethylamino propyl) -s-hexahydrotriazine and preferably the usual tertiary Amines such as B. triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylbenzylamine, N-ethyl, N-methyl, n-cyclohexylmorpholine, dimethylcyclohexyl amine, dimorpholinodiethyl ether, 2- (dimethylaminoethoxy) ethanol, 1,4-diaza-bicyclo- (2,2,2) octane, 1-aza-bicyclo- (3,3,0) octane, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine, N, N, N', N'-tetramethylbutane diamine, N, N, N ', N'-tetramethylhexanediamine-1,6, pentamethyldi ethylenetriamine, tetramethyldiaminoethyl ether, bis (dimethylamino propyl) urea, N, N'-dimethylpiperazine, 1,2-dimethylimidazole, Di- (4-N, N-dimethylaminocyclohexyl) methane and the like and  organic metal compounds such as titanium acid esters, iron ver ties such as B. iron (III) acetylacetonate, tin compounds, z. B. tin (II) salts of organic carboxylic acids, for example Tin (II) diacetate, the tin (II) salt of 2-ethylhexanoic acid (Tin (II) octoate), tin (II) dilaurate or the dialkyltin (IV) - Salts of organic carboxylic acids, such as. B. Dibutyltin (IV) - diacetate, dibutyltin (IV) dilaurate, dibutyltin (IV) maleate or Dioctyltin (IV) diacetate or the like and dibutyltin (IV) - dimercaptid or mixtures with at least two of the cata mentioned analyzers and synergistic combinations of strong basic amines and organic metal compounds become. The catalysts can be used in conventional amounts, for example as 0.002 to 5 wt .-%, based on the polyalcohols used become.

As a blowing agent, well-known blowing agents such. B. Substances with a boiling point under normal pressure in the range of -40 ° C to 120 ° C, gases and / or liquid blowing agents are set, for example carbon dioxide, alkanes and or Cycloalkanes such as isobutane, propane, n- or iso- Butane, pentane and cyclopentane, ethers such as diethyl ether, methyl isobutyl ether and dimethyl ether, nitrogen, acid substance, helium, argon, nitrous oxide, halogenated hydrocarbons, for example dichlorofluoromethane, monofluorotrichloromethane, tri fluorotrichloroethane and / or partially halogenated hydrocarbons such as trifluoromethane, 1,1-dichloro-1-fluoroethane, Monochlorotetrafluoroethane, monochlorotrifluoroethane, monochlorodi fluoroethane, difluoroethane, dichlorodifluoroethane, pentafluoroethane, Tetrafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, dichloromonofluoroethane or Mixtures containing at least two of the propellants mentioned by way of example medium included.

The blowing agent is usually used in an amount of 0.5 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 32% by weight, based on the weight of the prepolymer added.

As auxiliaries and additives, for example, in general known surface-active substances, foam stabilizers, z. B. siloxane-oxyalkylene copolymers, cell regulators, fillers, Flame retardants, nucleating agents, oxidation retardants, Stabilizers, dyes and pigments, inhibitors, stabilizers against hydrolysis, light, heat or discoloration, color substances, inorganic and / or organic fillers, ver tonic and / or plasticizer can be used.  

More information about the above-mentioned auxiliary and additive substances are in the specialist literature, for example the monograph of J.H. Saunders and K.C. Frisch "High Polymers", Volume XVI, Poly urethane, part 1 and 2, publisher Interscience Publishers 1962 and 1964, the "Kunststoff-Handbuch", Volume 7, Polyurethane, 3rd edition location, 1993, published by G. Oertel, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, Munich or DE-OS 29 01 774.

The storage-stable 1-component mixture is used especially for the production of filling and assembly foam in construction and in craft. For example, the one-component mixture can be used provided foam as a filling material for construction-related hollow rooms or wall breakthroughs, e.g. B. in pipe installations or as Thermal insulation material can be used.

The 1-component foam with the highly elastic properties is used in particular in the areas of construction which, in addition to the usual requirements, additional stretching loads occur, d. H. Joint material properties required become. This is particularly true in the area of the interior and roof expansion where joint areas are to be sealed.

The invention is intended to be described in more detail in the following exemplary embodiments are explained.

Examples

Embodiment 1 consisting of the following individual stages:

Polyol component 1

From 327 g of a polyether polyol based on glycerine / propylene oxide / ethylene oxide with a molecular weight of 4800 g / mol, 174 g of a polyester polyol based on dicarboxylic acid mixture / mono ethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 2000 g / mol, 56 g a polyester polyol based on phthalic anhydride / diethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 470 g / mol, 80 g of a poly ethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 600 g / mol, 25 g a foam stabilizer, 8 g of dimorpholinodiethyl ether and 330 g Trichloropropyl phosphate is a polyol component.

Aerosol can 1.1

386 g of polyol component 1 are placed in a 1 liter aerosol can followed by 286 g of raw MDI with a pure MDI content (content of monomeric MDI) of 60% by weight and the aerosol can with closed a valve. With the help of a device  through the valve subsequently 45 g of dimethyl ether, 28 g of one Gas mixture of 80% butane and 20% propane and 83 g tetra dosed with fluoroethane. Then shake the contents of the Homosized aerosol can. By heat storage at 50 ° C for 24 h the otherwise required response time is shortened. To The aerosol is heat storage and cooling to room temperature box ready to use.

Aerosol can 1.2

337 g of polyol component 1 are placed in a 1 liter aerosol can and subsequently 337 g of an NCO prepolymer with 26% NCO made from 66% by weight 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 5% by weight Dipropylene glycol, 4 wt .-% polyoxypropylene glycol with one Hydroxyl number of 250 mgKOH / g and 25 wt .-% of a crude product of Diphenylmethane diisocyanate filled and the aerosol can with a Valve closed. With the help of a device Valve below 45 g of dimethyl ether, 28 g of a gas mixture from 80% butane and 20% propane and 83 g tetrafluoroethane dosed. Then shake the contents of the aerosol can homogenized. By heating for 24 h at 50 ° C the on otherwise shortened the required reaction time. After heat storage and cooling to room temperature is the aerosol can finished.

Aerosol can 1.3

366 g of polyol component 1 are placed in a 1 liter aerosol can and subsequently 307 g of an NCO prepolymer with 28% NCO made from 89% by weight 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 10% by weight a polyester polyol from phthalic anhydride, diethylene glycol, Monoethylene glycol with a hydroxyl number of 240 mgKOH / g and 1 wt .-% of a polybutadiene diol with a hydroxyl number of 190 mgKOH / g filled and the aerosol can with a valve ver closed. With the help of a device through the valve subsequently 45 g of dimethyl ether, 28 g of a gas mixture of 80% Butane and 20% propane and 83 g of tetrafluoroethane metered. After that the contents of the aerosol can are homogenized by shaking. Otherwise, heat storage over 24 h at 50 ° C is required reaction time is reduced. After storage and cooling the aerosol can is ready for use at room temperature.  

Aerosol foam 1.1.1 (from aerosol can 1.1 moisture-hardened)

It becomes an aerosol can according to 1.1 with an elbow valve manufactured. The content of the aerosol can is expanded using a foam tube applied to moistened cellulose fleece. After the end Moisture curing produces an elastic foam.

Aerosol foam 1.1.2 (from aerosol can 1.1 with additional hardener component)

It becomes an aerosol can according to 1.1 with a gun valve manufactured. The aerosol can is on a commercially available 2-component foam gun (CF130-P2 from HILTI) screwed. Before, a hardener component was made up of 63 wt .-% polyethylene glycol 600, 15 wt .-% of an amine polyether polyols based on ethylenediamine / propylene oxide with a hydroxyl number of 800 mgKOH / g, 5 wt .-% dimorpholinodiethyl ether and 17 wt .-% water manufactured.

90 g of this hardener component are placed in a 150 ml aerosol can filled and the aerosol can closed with a valve. By the valve, 25 g of dimethyl ether are metered into the aerosol can and the contents of the small aerosol can by shaking homo genisiert. The aerosol can is ver with a thread holder see. The aerosol can with the hardener component is the second Screw the can onto the 2-component foam gun. By Regulation of the 2-component foam gun will turn the 2 on screwed aerosol container over an attached statics Mixer in the ratio of NCO prepolymer: hardener component 100: 11 emptied. The mixture leaves the static mixer as strong foaming product and hardens within approx. 10 min to an elastic foam.

Aerosol foams from the aerosol cans according to 1.2 and 1.3

The procedure is analogous to that described for using the aerosol can 1.1. Elastic, soft, foam-like foams are likewise obtained, the elastic properties increasing with the same polyol component in the following order:

• - Prepolymer according to the invention made from raw MDI with more than 50% monomeric MDI
• - Prepolymer of urethane-modified MDI according to the invention
• - Prepolymer of urethane-modified MDI according to the invention using polyols which are compatible with the polyols of Polyol components are not miscible

Comparison of the cured aerosol foams after execution example 1 with commercially available assembly foams

The following table shows characteristic properties in the Comparison listed (curing of the foams with water or Humidity)

Claims (13)

1. Pressure vessel containing for the production of an elastic foam containing the reaction product of at least one isocyanate with a mixture

• a) polyether polyol with a molecular weight of 3000 g / mol to 10000 g / mol produced by reacting a trifunctional starter substance with alkyl oxide
• b) polyester diol with a molecular weight of 1500 g / mol to 10000 g / mol
• c) polyester diol with a molecular weight of 300 g / mol to 1499 g / mol.

2. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction product in the presence of at least one organo phosphate and / or organophosphonate is produced. 3. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that (i) the reaction product of a trifunctional starter Substance with ethylene oxide and optionally propylene oxide represents and 10 to 100% primary hydroxyl groups, based on all of the hydroxyl groups present in the compound. 4. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight ratio of (i): (ii): (iii) the following Assumes values: 1: 0.25 to 1.5: 0.1 to 0.5. 5. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that as an isocyanate a urethane-modified, NCO groups pointing prepolymer based on MDI is used. 6. Pressure vessel according to claim 5, characterized in that the prepolymer is the reaction product of MDI with polyester polyol, epoxy-containing polyols and / or polybutadiene diols contains. 7. Pressure vessel according to one of claims 1 to 6 in the form of a Can with a filling volume of 0.1 to 3 liters, which about has a contra-angle handpiece or a pistol that the Implementation product can be carried out.   8. Pressure vessel according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the pressure vessel in addition to Reaction product containing another component at least one isocyanate-reactive compound, Contains catalyst and water. 9. Pressure vessel for the production of an elastic foam Fabrication of an elastic foam with an elongation at break according to DIN 53571 of greater than 60% holding the reaction product of at least one isocyanate with compounds reactive towards isocyanates. 10. 1-component can foam system based on a Reaction product according to one of claims 1 to 6. 11. 2-component can foam system based on a Implementation product according to claims 1 to 6 and one further component containing at least one opposite Isocyanates Reactive compound, catalyst and water. 12. Process for the production of elastic foams the basis of polyisocyanate polyaddition products, thereby characterized in that the reaction product from a Pressure vessel according to one of claims 1 to 9 discharges. 13. Use of pressure vessels according to one of claims 1 to 9 for the production of elastic foams.