DE1006160B - Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved properties - Google Patents
Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved propertiesInfo
- Publication number
- DE1006160B DE1006160B DER13797A DER0013797A DE1006160B DE 1006160 B DE1006160 B DE 1006160B DE R13797 A DER13797 A DE R13797A DE R0013797 A DER0013797 A DE R0013797A DE 1006160 B DE1006160 B DE 1006160B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acrylonitrile
- production
- improved properties
- polymerization process
- added
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims 1
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009304 pastoral farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-ene-1,4-diol Chemical compound OC\C=C/CO ORTVZLZNOYNASJ-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWZJGRDWJVHRDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(ethenoxy)butane Chemical compound C=COCCCCOC=C MWZJGRDWJVHRDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical class CC(=C)C(=O)OC=C FFYWKOUKJFCBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dimethacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C STVZJERGLQHEKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005395 methacrylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC=C FBCQUCJYYPMKRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- CSJWNHJJHIAAIG-SVOQZPEWSA-N ster Chemical compound C1=C(CO)C[C@]2(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]2[C@@]2(O)[C@H](C)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@]3(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC)C(C)(C)[C@H]3[C@@H]21 CSJWNHJJHIAAIG-SVOQZPEWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/42—Nitriles
- C08F220/44—Acrylonitrile
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Description
Polymerisationsverfahren zur Herstellung acrylnitrilhaltiger Mischpolymerisate mit verbesserten Eigenschaften In der Hauptpatentanmeldung R 9451 IVb/39c ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung acrylnitrilhaltiger Blockmischpolymerifsate mit verbesserten Eigenschaften beschrieben, das durch die Einverleibung von Maleinsäure bzw. Maleinsäureanhydrid und die Verwendung nicht peroxydischer Radikalbildner als Polymerisationsbesc'hleuniger gekennzeichnet ist. Als Katalysator wird beispielsweise Azodiisobuttersäuredinitril genannt.Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved properties In the main patent application R 9451 IVb / 39c is a Process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing block copolymers with improved Properties described by the incorporation of maleic acid or maleic anhydride and the use of non-peroxidic radical formers as polymerization accelerators is marked. Azodiisobutyric acid dinitrile, for example, is used as a catalyst called.
Das erfindungsgemäße Vorgehen führt zwar zu fast farblosen Produkten, ohne jedoch das durch die Verschiedene Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit der Comonomeren bedingte Auftreten einer leichten Trübung zu verhindern. Dieser Tyndall-Effekt kann dabei so erheblich sein, daß Scheiben aus einem nach der Hauptpatentanmeldung hergestellten Kunststoffbei starker, streifend auftreffender Lichteinstrahlung praktisch undurchsichtig erscheinen. Die Verwendung solcher Produkte als Glasersatz, z. B. zur Verglasung von Fahrzeugen, ist deshalb häufig nicht möglich. Eine Vermeidung der beschriebenen Unzulänglichkeit durch Variierung der Zusammensetzung ist zwar möglich, jedoch erkauft man diese mit einer Verschlechterung der mechanischen Eigenschaften.The procedure according to the invention leads to almost colorless products, but without preventing the occurrence of a slight cloudiness caused by the different polymerization rates of the comonomers. This Tyndall effect can be so considerable that slices from a nac h the main patent application Kunststoffbei made strong, grazing incident light rays appear almost opaque. The use of such products as glass substitutes, e.g. B. for glazing vehicles, is therefore often not possible. It is possible to avoid the described inadequacy by varying the composition, but this is paid for with a deterioration in the mechanical properties.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß acry lnitrilhaltige Mischpolymerisate gemäß Hauptpatentanmeldung R 9451 IVb/39c erheblich gleichmäßiger und zu homogenen Kunststoffen polymerisieren, wenn man als weitere Mischpolymerisatkomponente Monomere verwendet, welche hauptvalenzartig vernetzen, d. h. welche im Molekül mindestens zwei Kohlenstoffdoppelbindungen aufweisen. Solche Verbindungen sind z. B. Divinylbenzol, Acryl- und Methacrylsäurevinylester, Acryl- und Methacrylester mehrwertiger Alkohole, Acryl- und Methacrylsäureallyle,ster, Butandioldivinyläther oder Salze polymerer Säuren mit mehrwertigen Kationen, z. B. Bleimethacrylat. Weiterhin eignen sich für die Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens solche Polyester, deren Alkohol-und bzw. oder Säurekomponenten mehr als eine mischpolymerisationsfähige Doppelbindung enthalten, z. B. Polyester aus Maleinsäureanhydrid oder Itaconsäure mit Glykolen oder aber Produkte aus Phthalsäureanhydrid und Butendiol.It has now been found that acrylonitrile-containing copolymers according to Main patent application R 9451 IVb / 39c considerably more uniform and homogeneous plastics polymerize if monomers are used as a further copolymer component, which network like main valence, d. H. which have at least two carbon double bonds in the molecule exhibit. Such compounds are e.g. B. divinylbenzene, acrylic and methacrylic acid vinyl esters, Acrylic and methacrylic esters of polyhydric alcohols, acrylic and methacrylic acid allyls, ster, Butanediol divinyl ether or salts of polymeric acids with polyvalent cations, e.g. B. Lead methacrylate. They are also suitable for carrying out the invention Process those polyesters whose alcohol and / or acid components are more than contain a copolymerizable double bond, e.g. B. polyester from maleic anhydride or itaconic acid with glycols or products made from phthalic anhydride and butenediol.
Neben dem Vorteil der gleichmäßigen, zu homogenen Produkten führenden Polymerisation erreicht man durch den Zusatz hauptvalenzartig vernetzender Verbindungen eine deutliche Erhöhung der Bruttopolymerisationsgesc'hwindigkeit. Die Menge der Zusätze kann in weiten Grenzen verändert werden und beispielsweise zwischen 0,05 bis 5% liegen; sie richtet sich nach der mit den verschiedenen Verbindungen erzielbaren Vernetzung. So wirkt z. B. Methacrylsäureallylester erheblich weniger stark vernetzend als Glykoldimethacrylat und dieses wiederum schwächer als Divinylbenzol. Ein Polyester aus z. B. Itaconisäure und Glykol vernetzt andererseits weniger als Methaerylsäureallyles.ter. Die obere Grenze für die Menge der zuzusetzenden hauptvalenzartig vernetzenden Verbindungen ist durch den Grad der tragbaren Verspröd'ung gegeben, die eine zu starke Vernetzung mit sich bringt. Bei Divi,nylbenzol wird beispielsweise bereits durch einen Zusatz von 0,0511/&, bezogen auf das zu polymerisierende Monomerengemisch, eine ausreichende Vernetzung ohne das Auftreten einer nachteiligen Versprödung bewirkt, während bei den sehwach vernetzend wirkenden ungesättigten Polyestern Zusätze von mehr als 10% erforderlich sein können.In addition to the advantage of uniform, homogeneous products Polymerization is achieved by adding compounds that crosslink in the manner of major valence a significant increase in the gross polymerization rate. The amount of Additions can be changed within wide limits and, for example, between 0.05 up to 5%; it depends on what can be achieved with the various compounds Networking. So acts z. B. allyl methacrylate significantly less crosslinking than glycol dimethacrylate and this in turn weaker than divinylbenzene. A polyester from z. B. Itaconic acid and glycol, on the other hand, crosslink less than Methaerylsäureallyles.ter. The upper limit for the amount of primary valence-like crosslinking compounds to be added is given by the degree of wearable embrittlement, which is too strong a network brings with it. In the case of divinylbenzene, for example, an additive of 0.0511 / &, based on the monomer mixture to be polymerized, is sufficient Causes crosslinking without the occurrence of adverse embrittlement while at the unsaturated polyesters, which have a weakly crosslinking effect, additions of more than 10% may be required.
Beispiel Teil A. Eine Mischung aus 69,5 Teilen Acrylnitril, 30 Teilen Methacrylsäuremethylester und 0,5 Teilen Maleinsäureanbydrid wird nach Zusatz von 0,1 Teil Azodiisobuttersäuredinitril unter Bedingungen, die die Einwirkung von Luftsauerstoff ausschließen, zu einer Scheibe von 5 mm Dicke polymerisiert. Das so hergestellte organische Glas zeigt eine schwach gelbe Eigenfarbe. In der Durchsicht und noch deutlicher bei streifend auftreffendem Licht, zumal im Vergleich mit einem optisch leeren organischen oder Silikatglas, weist es eine deutliche Trübung auf.Example Part A. A mixture of 69.5 parts of acrylonitrile, 30 parts Methacrylic acid methyl ester and 0.5 part of maleic anhydride is after the addition of 0.1 part of azodiisobutyric acid dinitrile under conditions that allow the action of atmospheric oxygen exclude, polymerized to form a disc 5 mm thick. The one made in this way organic glass has a pale yellow color of its own. In review and still clearer with grazing light, especially in comparison with an optical one empty organic or silicate glass, it will be clearly cloudy.
Teil B. Polymerisiert man die Mischung nach A. unter sonst gleichen Bedingungen, jedoch unter Zusatz von 0,05 Teilen Divinylbenzol, so erhält man eine Scheibe, die ohne Verringerung der guten mechanischen Eigenschaften des nach A. erhaltenen organischen Glases glasklar und völlig trübungsfrei ist.Part B. The mixture is polymerized according to A. with otherwise the same Conditions, but with the addition of 0.05 part of divinylbenzene, one obtains a Disc, those obtained without reducing the good mechanical properties of A. organic glass is crystal clear and completely free of haze.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DER13797A DE1006160B (en) | 1954-03-17 | 1954-03-17 | Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved properties |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DER13797A DE1006160B (en) | 1954-03-17 | 1954-03-17 | Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved properties |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1006160B true DE1006160B (en) | 1957-04-11 |
Family
ID=7399121
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DER13797A Pending DE1006160B (en) | 1954-03-17 | 1954-03-17 | Polymerization process for the production of acrylonitrile-containing copolymers with improved properties |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1006160B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1209750B (en) | 1958-06-09 | 1966-01-27 | Goodrich Co B F | Process for the preparation of crosslinked copolymers containing nitrile groups |
-
1954
- 1954-03-17 DE DER13797A patent/DE1006160B/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1209750B (en) | 1958-06-09 | 1966-01-27 | Goodrich Co B F | Process for the preparation of crosslinked copolymers containing nitrile groups |
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