DE10036476A1 - Heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N2O uses fixed bed catalyst comprising two or more catalyst layers that are optionally separated by inert intermediate layers or gas chambers - Google Patents
Heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N2O uses fixed bed catalyst comprising two or more catalyst layers that are optionally separated by inert intermediate layers or gas chambersInfo
- Publication number
- DE10036476A1 DE10036476A1 DE2000136476 DE10036476A DE10036476A1 DE 10036476 A1 DE10036476 A1 DE 10036476A1 DE 2000136476 DE2000136476 DE 2000136476 DE 10036476 A DE10036476 A DE 10036476A DE 10036476 A1 DE10036476 A1 DE 10036476A1
- Authority
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gas phase
- phase decomposition
- catalyst
- heterogeneously catalyzed
- catalyzed gas
- Prior art date
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Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 10
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxal Chemical compound O=CC=O LEQAOMBKQFMDFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052566 spinel group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 4
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052809 inorganic oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000001272 nitrous oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylglyoxal Chemical compound CC(=O)C=O AIJULSRZWUXGPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N epsilon-caprolactam Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCN1 JBKVHLHDHHXQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018565 CuAl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine Chemical compound ON AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000158147 Sator Species 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JYXHVKAPLIVOAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum zinc oxocopper oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Al+3].[O-2].[Zn+2].[Cu]=O JYXHVKAPLIVOAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003994 anesthetic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanol Chemical compound OC1CCCCC1 HPXRVTGHNJAIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- OMBRFUXPXNIUCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidonitrogen(1+) Chemical compound O=[N+]=O OMBRFUXPXNIUCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002443 hydroxylamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013335 mesoporous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 os mium Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005437 stratosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8628—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
- B01D2257/402—Dinitrogen oxide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
- Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
- Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft Verfahren zur heterogen kata lysierten Gasphasenzersetzung von N2O mit einem Festbettkataly sator, der aus zwei oder mehreren Katalysatorschichten besteht.The present invention relates to methods for heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N 2 O with a fixed bed catalyst, which consists of two or more catalyst layers.
N2O entsteht als Nebenprodukt bei vielen Prozessen, bei denen HNO3 in flüssiger Phase als Oxidationsmittel eingesetzt wird. Ins besondere bei der Umsetzung von Alkoholen, Aldehyden und Ketonen, z. B. Cyclohexanol und Cyclohexanon zu Adipinsäure, Acetaldehyd zu Glyoxal oder Glyoxal zu Glyoxylsäure werden beträchtliche Mengen N2O freigesetzt. Weiterhin wird N2O bei der Herstellung von Niko tinsäure und Hydroxylamin gebildet. Daneben bildet sich N2O als Nebenprodukt auch bei der Herstellung von Salpetersäure durch Verbrennung von NH3.N 2 O arises as a by-product in many processes in which HNO 3 is used as an oxidizing agent in the liquid phase. In particular in the implementation of alcohols, aldehydes and ketones, e.g. B. cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone to adipic acid, acetaldehyde to glyoxal or glyoxal to glyoxylic acid, considerable amounts of N 2 O are released. Furthermore, N 2 O is formed in the production of nicotinic acid and hydroxylamine. In addition, N 2 O also forms as a by-product in the production of nitric acid by burning NH 3 .
Aus Science, 251 (1991), Seite 932 ist bekannt, daß N2O ein gewis ses Schädigungspotential für die Erdatmosphäre zukommt. N2O gilt in der Stratosphäre als eine wesentliche Quelle für NO, welches wiederum wesentlichen Einfluß auf den Abbau von Ozon in der Stra tosphäre haben soll. Zudem gilt N2O als Treibhausgas, wobei das Erderwärmungspotential von N2O etwa um den Faktor 290 größer sein soll als das von CO2.From Science, 251 (1991), page 932 it is known that N 2 O has a certain damage potential for the earth's atmosphere. N 2 O is considered an essential source of NO in the stratosphere, which in turn is said to have a significant influence on the depletion of ozone in the str sphere. In addition, N 2 O is considered a greenhouse gas, although the global warming potential of N 2 O is said to be approximately 290 times greater than that of CO 2 .
In EP-A 0 687 499 ist ein Katalysator zur katalytischen Reduktion von NOx und/oder zur Oxidation von Kohlenwasserstoffen in Abgasen beschrieben, der aus einem Kupferoxid-Zinkoxid-Aluminiumoxid-Spi nell der chemischen Formel CuAZnCAlDO4 besteht, wobei A + C + D = 3, A < 0, C < 0 und D < 0 gilt. Das Verhältnis von Cu und Zn zu Al ist in dieser Veröffentlichung in großen Grenzen freigehalten.In EP-A 0 687 499 a catalyst for the catalytic reduction of NO x and / or for the oxidation of hydrocarbons in exhaust gases is described, which consists of a copper oxide-zinc oxide-aluminum oxide spinel of the chemical formula Cu A Zn C Al D O 4 , where A + C + D = 3, A <0, C <0 and D <0. The ratio of Cu and Zn to Al is kept within wide limits in this publication.
WO 94/16798 beschreibt ein Verfahren zur katalytischen Zersetzung von reinem oder in Gasgemischen enthaltenem N2O. Als Katalysator wird ein MxAl2O4-Katalysator eingesetzt. Dieser wird durch Mischen von CuAl2O4 mit Sn, Pb, oder einem Element der 2. Hauptgruppe oder Nebengruppe des Periodensystems der Elemente als Oxid oder Salz oder in elementarer Form und anschließendes Calcinieren bei einer Temperatur von 300 bis 1300°C und einem Druck von 0,1 bis 200 bar hergestellt.WO 94/16798 describes a process for the catalytic decomposition of pure or contained in gas mixtures N 2 O. An M x Al 2 O 4 catalyst is used as the catalyst. This is obtained by mixing CuAl 2 O 4 with Sn, Pb, or an element of the 2nd main group or subgroup of the Periodic Table of the Elements as an oxide or salt or in elemental form and then calcining at a temperature of 300 to 1300 ° C and a pressure manufactured from 0.1 to 200 bar.
Aus der WO 93/04774 sind silberhaltige Trägerkatalysatoren mit einem Al2O3-Träger, der eine BET-Oberfläche von 26 bis 350 m2/g aufweist, bekannt. WO 93/04774 discloses silver-containing supported catalysts with an Al 2 O 3 support which has a BET surface area of 26 to 350 m 2 / g.
N2O kann neben silberhaltigen auch an anderen edelmetallhaltigen Katalysatoren zersetzt werden. Zu diesem Zweck eignen sich z. B. Pt, Pd oder Rh auf verschiedenen Trägern [Chem. Abstracts 6 (1965) 1481]. Edelmetallhaltige Katalysatoren wurden z. B. auch als geeignet für die Zersetzung von N2O in Anästhesiegasen be schrieben. JP-OS 55-31 463 schlägt Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir und/oder Ru enthaltende Katalysatoren für diesen Zweck vor. Ein weiteres Bei spiel für einen Pd-haltigen Katalysator ist aus DE-OS 35 43 640 bekannt.In addition to silver-containing catalysts, N 2 O can also be decomposed on other catalysts containing noble metals. For this purpose, z. B. Pt, Pd or Rh on different supports [Chem. Abstracts 6 (1965) 1481]. Precious metal catalysts were e.g. B. also be written as suitable for the decomposition of N 2 O in anesthetic gases. JP-OS 55-31 463 proposes catalysts containing Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir and / or Ru for this purpose. Another example of a Pd-containing catalyst is known from DE-OS 35 43 640.
An allen diesen Katalysatorsystemen gelingt die Zersetzung von N2O. Allerdings sind die Katalysatorsysteme nicht optimal, was ihre thermische Stabilität bei hohen Temperaturen (< 500°C) be trifft. Problematisch ist in vielen Fällen die Desaktivierung der Katalysatoren, die einen häufigen Austausch der Katalysator schüttung erforderlich macht. Insbesondere bei Temperaturen von über 500°C, wie sie für einen nahezu vollständigen Abbau des N2O bei vertretbarer Katalysatormenge vorteilhaft sind, kommt es oft zu einer starken, irreversiblen Desaktivierung. Die erforderli chen hohen Reaktortemperaturen machen zudem in der Regel ein energie- und kostenintensives Vorheizen des Gasstroms erforder lich. Desweiteren ist zur Absenkung der N2O-Konzentration im Abgas eine aufwendige Verdünnung des Abgases mit Luft oder Kreisgas er forderlich.All of these catalyst systems successfully decompose N 2 O. However, the catalyst systems are not optimal in terms of their thermal stability at high temperatures (<500 ° C.). In many cases, the deactivation of the catalysts is problematic, which necessitates frequent replacement of the catalyst bed. Particularly at temperatures above 500 ° C, which are advantageous for an almost complete decomposition of the N 2 O with an acceptable amount of catalyst, there is often a strong, irreversible deactivation. The required high reactor temperatures also generally require energy and cost-intensive preheating of the gas stream. Furthermore, it is necessary to dilute the exhaust gas with air or cycle gas to lower the N 2 O concentration in the exhaust gas.
Edelmetallhaltige Katalysatoren sind zwar bei vergleichsweise niedrigen Temperaturen zersetzungsaktiv, besitzen aber den Nach teil der hohen Katalysatorkosten. Darüber hinaus zeigen Edelme talle bei den erforderlichen Zersetzungstemperaturen einen be trächtlichen Materialverlust durch Verdampfung. Weiterhin ist die Aufbereitung der verbrauchten Katalysatoren mit hohen Kosten ver bunden, weshalb eine großtechnische N2O-Zersetzung an edelmetall haltigen Katalysatoren wirtschaftlich äußerst unattraktiv ist.Precious metal-containing catalysts are decomposition-active at comparatively low temperatures, but have the after part of the high catalyst costs. In addition, precious metals show a considerable loss of material due to evaporation at the required decomposition temperatures. Furthermore, the processing of the used catalysts is associated with high costs, which is why large-scale N 2 O decomposition of noble metal-containing catalysts is extremely unattractive economically.
Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung bestand daher darin, ein Verfahren der heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenzersetzung von N2O zur Verfügung zu stellen, das den zuvor genannten Nachteile ab hilft.The object of the present invention was therefore to provide a process for heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase decomposition of N 2 O which alleviates the disadvantages mentioned above.
Demgemäß wurde ein neues und verbessertes Verfahren zur heterogen katalysierten Gasphasenzersetzung von N2O mit einem Festbettkata lysator gefunden, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Festbettkatalysator aus zwei oder mehreren Katalysatorschichten, die gegebenenfalls durch inerte Zwischenschichten oder Gasräume getrennt sind, besteht. Accordingly, a new and improved process for heterogeneously catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N 2 O with a fixed bed catalyst was found, which is characterized in that the fixed bed catalyst consists of two or more catalyst layers, which are optionally separated by inert intermediate layers or gas spaces.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Festbettkatalysatoren bestehen aus zwei oder mehreren Katalysatorschichten wie zwei bis acht, bevorzugt aus zwei bis fünf, besonders bevorzugt aus zwei bis drei, insbe sondere aus zwei Katalysatorschichten, die gegebenenfalls durch inerte Zwischenschichten wie anorganische Oxide, Carbide, Flu oride, Chloride, Carbonate, Sulfate, Nitride, Silikate, Silicone oder deren Mischungen, bevorzugt anorganische Oxide, Carbide oder deren Mischungen, besonders bevorzugt Al2O3, SiO2, SiC oder deren Gemische oder Gasräume getrennt sind. Die erfindungsgemäßen Fest bettkatalysator bestehen insbesondere aus zwei räumlich, also di rekt aufeinanderfolgende Katalysatorschichten.The fixed bed catalysts according to the invention consist of two or more catalyst layers, such as two to eight, preferably two to five, particularly preferably two to three, in particular two catalyst layers, which may be replaced by inert intermediate layers such as inorganic oxides, carbides, fluorides, chlorides, carbonates , Sulfates, nitrides, silicates, silicones or their mixtures, preferably inorganic oxides, carbides or their mixtures, particularly preferably Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , SiC or their mixtures or gas spaces are separated. The fixed bed catalyst according to the invention consist in particular of two spatially, ie di rectly successive catalyst layers.
Die Katalysatorschicht mit mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe Silber, Gold, Eisen, Cobalt, Nickel, Gallium, Indium, Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Osmium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, bevorzugt Silber, Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Osmium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, besonders bevorzugt Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Iri dium und/oder Rhodium als Aktivkomponente, bevorzugt auf einem Trägermaterial, wird in der Regel bevorzugt räumlich vor (in Strömungsrichtung des Gases) eine zweite Katalysatorschicht, die Kupfer in oxidischer Form enthält, gesetzt.The catalyst layer with at least one metal from the group Silver, gold, iron, cobalt, nickel, gallium, indium, palladium, Platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and / or rhodium are preferred Silver, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and / or Rhodium, particularly preferably palladium, platinum, ruthenium, iri dium and / or rhodium as an active component, preferably on one Carrier material is usually preferred in front of (in Flow direction of the gas) a second catalyst layer, the Contains copper in oxidic form.
Die eine Katalysatorschicht enthält einen Anteil von im allge meinen 0,01 bis 70 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,01 bis 50 Gew.-%, beson ders bevorzugt 0,01 bis 10 Gew.-% Silber, Gold, Eisen, Cobalt, Nickel, Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Osmium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, ganz besonders bevorzugt 0,03 bis 3,5 Gew.-% Silber, Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Osmium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, insbesondere 0,1 bis 2 Gew.-% Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, In dium und/oder Rhodium.The one catalyst layer contains a portion of in general mean 0.01 to 70% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 50% by weight, in particular preferably 0.01 to 10% by weight of silver, gold, iron, cobalt, Nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and / or Rhodium, very particularly preferably 0.03 to 3.5% by weight of silver, Palladium, platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and / or rhodium, in particular 0.1 to 2% by weight of palladium, platinum, ruthenium, in dium and / or rhodium.
Als Trägermaterialien für die Katalysatorschichten eignen sich z. B. anorganische Oxide, Spinelle, Zeolithe wie Zeolithe oder zeolithanaloge mikroporöse Festkörper. Solche Typen sind zusam menfassend beschrieben in "Atlas of Zeolite Structive Types", W. M. Meier, D. M. Olson, Ch. Baerlocher (Eds.), 4. Auflage, 1996, Elsevier.Suitable support materials for the catalyst layers are z. B. inorganic oxides, spinels, zeolites such as zeolites or Zeolite analog microporous solids. Such types are together comprehensively described in "Atlas of Zeolite Structive Types", W. M. Meier, D. M. Olson, Ch.Baerlocher (Eds.), 4th edition, 1996, Elsevier.
Insbesondere geeignet sind hochsilikatische und temperaturstabile Materialien der Strukturtypen MFI, MEL, MFI/MEL-Zwischenstruktu ren, MOR, FER, FAU, MWW, BEA, DDR, DOH, EZI, EUO, LTL, MFS, MTN, MTT, MTW, NES, EMT, NOM, RHO, RUT, RTU.Highly silicate and temperature stable are particularly suitable Materials of structure types MFI, MEL, MFI / MEL intermediate structure ren, MOR, FER, FAU, MWW, BEA, DDR, DOH, EZI, EUO, LTL, MFS, MTN, MTT, MTW, NES, EMT, NOM, RHO, RUT, RTU.
Weiterhin können auch mesoporöse Materialien vom Typ MCM-41, MCM-48 oder Si-MPO (nach DE-A-198 47 630) Einsatz finden. Furthermore, mesoporous materials of the type MCM-41, MCM-48 or Si-MPO (according to DE-A-198 47 630) can be used.
Als Zeolithe eignen sich ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-23, ZBM-20, ZSM-57 und/oder EU-1. Ferner eignen sich Silikate, Aktivkohle, Graphit, gemischte Oxide, substituierte Spinelle, substituierte Zeolithe, metallmodifizierte Zeolithe wie ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-23, ZBM-20, ZSM-57 und/oder EU-1, die im Laufe des Herstellungsprozesses mit den Metallen in Kontakt gebracht wurden, oder deren Mischungen, bevorzugt anorganische Oxide, Spinelle, Zeolithe oder deren Mi schungen, besonders bevorzugt Al2O3, SiO2, ZrO2, Cu- und/oder Zn- und/oder Co- und/oder Ni- und/oder Mg-substituierte Al2O4-Spi nelle, Fe- und/oder Co- und/oder Ni-substituierte Zeolithe oder deren Mischungen, insbesondere metallmodifizierte Zeolithe mit 0,001 bis 50 Gew.-% Eisen.ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-23, ZBM-20, ZSM-57 and / or EU-1 are suitable as zeolites. Also suitable are silicates, activated carbon, graphite, mixed oxides, substituted spinels, substituted zeolites, metal-modified zeolites such as ZSM-5, ZSM-11, ZSM-23, ZBM-20, ZSM-57 and / or EU-1, which are in the course of of the manufacturing process have been brought into contact with the metals, or their mixtures, preferably inorganic oxides, spinels, zeolites or their mixtures, particularly preferably Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , ZrO 2 , Cu and / or Zn and / or Co - and / or Ni and / or Mg substituted Al 2 O 4 spi nels, Fe and / or Co and / or Ni substituted zeolites or mixtures thereof, in particular metal-modified zeolites with 0.001 to 50% by weight iron ,
Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Katalysatoren kann nach verschiedenen Methoden wie z. B. Tränktechniken, Fällungstechni ken, Sprühtechniken, stromlose Abscheidungen, Sol-Gel-Verfahren etc. wie sie in der Katalysatorherstellung üblich sind, erfolgen. Bevorzugt werden in das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren solche Katalysatoren eingesetzt, wie sie nach DE-A-198 48 595 erhalten werden.The catalysts according to the invention can be prepared according to different methods such as B. impregnation techniques, precipitation technology ken, spray techniques, electroless deposits, sol-gel processes etc. as they are common in catalyst production. Such are preferred in the process according to the invention Catalysts used as obtained in DE-A-198 48 595 become.
Die Katalysatoren, die auf Kupfer in oxidischer Form basieren, enthalten Kupfer, berechnet als Kupferoxid (CuO), in einer Menge von im allgemeinen 1 bis 54 Gew.-%, bevorzugt von 5 bis 40 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt von 10 bis 30 Gew.-% und Aluminiumo xid in einer Menge von 99 bis 46 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 95 bis 60 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 90 bis 70 Gew.-% Aluminiumoxid und sind bevorzugt Spinelle der allgemeinen Formel Cu0,8-1,5Al2O4. Diese Katalysatoren können darüber hinaus zusätzliche Dotierun gen, insbesondere Zink, Eisen, Zirkon, Lanthan und/oder Magnesium in oxidischer Form enthalten. Der Gehalt der Dotierverbindungen in den Katalysatoren zusätzlich zu Kupfer- und Aluminiumoxid be trägt im allgemeinen zwischen 0,01 und 20 Gew.-%, bevorzugt zwi schen 0,07 und 10 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,05 und 2 Gew.-%.The catalysts, which are based on copper in oxidic form, contain copper, calculated as copper oxide (CuO), in an amount of generally 1 to 54% by weight, preferably 5 to 40% by weight, particularly preferably 10 to 30% by weight and aluminum oxide in an amount of 99 to 46% by weight, preferably 95 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 90 to 70% by weight of aluminum oxide and are preferably spinels of the general formula Cu 0.8 -1.5 Al 2 O 4 . These catalysts can also contain additional dopants, in particular zinc, iron, zirconium, lanthanum and / or magnesium in oxidic form. The content of the doping compounds in the catalysts in addition to copper and aluminum oxide is generally between 0.01 and 20% by weight, preferably between 0.07 and 10% by weight, particularly preferably between 0.05 and 2% by weight .-%.
Durch Verwendung eines erfindungsgemäßen Katalysators mit einer Katalysatorschicht mit 0,001 bis 10 Gew.-%, bevorzugt 0,001 bis 2 Gew.-%, besonders bevorzugt 0,005 bis 1 Gew.-% mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe Silber, Gold, Eisen, Cobalt, Nickel, Palla dium, Platin, Ruthenium, Osmium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, ge lingt es, die Reaktortemperatur auf bis zu 280°C abzusenken. Ex treme Temperaturspitzen und eine thermisch bedingte Des aktivierung des Katalysatorbettes werden durch die niedrigen Re aktortemperaturen unterdrückt. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren stellt eine langzeitstabile und kostengünstige Methode zur Zer setzung von N2O dar. Die Katalysatorkomponenten zeigen ein günstiges Alterungsverhalten, d. h. die Katalysatoren bleiben lange Zeit aktiv, ohne thermisch desaktiviert zu werden. Darüber hinaus ist aufgrund der niedrigen Reaktortemperaturen ein energie- und ko stenintensives Vorheizen des Abgasstroms nicht notwendig. Die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung des Katalysatorsystems ermöglicht eine Verringerung der gesamten Katalysatormenge sowie eine deut liche Reduktion der Restemissionsmenge. Des weiteren sind hohe N2O-Abgaskonzentrationen möglich und eine Verdünnung des Abgases mit z. B. Luft oder Kreisgas ist nicht mehr nötig.By using a catalyst according to the invention with a catalyst layer with 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 2% by weight, particularly preferably 0.005 to 1% by weight, of at least one metal from the group silver, gold, iron, cobalt, nickel , Palladium, platinum, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and / or rhodium, the reactor temperature can be reduced to 280 ° C. Extreme temperature peaks and thermal deactivation of the catalyst bed are suppressed by the low reactor temperatures. The process according to the invention is a long-term stable and inexpensive method for decomposing N 2 O. The catalyst components show favorable aging behavior, ie the catalysts remain active for a long time without being thermally deactivated. In addition, energy and cost-intensive preheating of the exhaust gas flow is not necessary due to the low reactor temperatures. The use of the catalyst system according to the invention enables a reduction in the total amount of catalyst and a significant reduction in the amount of residual emissions. Furthermore, high N 2 O exhaust gas concentrations are possible and dilution of the exhaust gas with e.g. B. air or cycle gas is no longer necessary.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur katalytischen Zersetzung von N2O kann angewendet werden bei reinem oder in Gasgemischen enthal tenem N2O.The inventive process for the catalytic decomposition of N 2 O can be used in pure or present in gas mixtures tenem contained N 2 O.
Vorzugsweise wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Zersetzung von N2O in N2O-haltigen Abgasströmen eingesetzt, wie sie beispielsweise bei Verfahren zur Herstellung von Adipinsäure und längerkettiger Dicarbonsäuren, Salpetersäure, Hydroxylamin derivaten, Caprolactam, Glyoxal, Methylglyoxal, Glyoxylsäure oder bei Verfahren zur Verbrennung stickstoffhaltiger Materialien, z. B. NH3 anfallen.The process according to the invention is preferably used for the decomposition of N 2 O in exhaust gas streams containing N 2 O, as used, for example, in processes for the production of adipic acid and longer-chain dicarboxylic acids, nitric acid, hydroxylamine derivatives, caprolactam, glyoxal, methylglyoxal, glyoxylic acid or in processes for combustion nitrogenous materials, e.g. B. NH 3 incurred.
Besonders geeignet ist das Verfahren zur Zersetzung von N2O in Ab gasen der Adipinsäure- und Salpetersäureherstellung. Des weiteren eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Reinigung von Pro zeßgasen der Ammoniakverbrennung.The process is particularly suitable for the decomposition of N 2 O in gases from the production of adipic acid and nitric acid. Furthermore, the method according to the invention is suitable for the purification of process gases of ammonia combustion.
Aus den Salpetersäureabgasen kann das N2O beseitigt werden, ohne daß weitere Stickoxide, NOx, (Wertprodukte) in nennenswerten Men gen zersetzt werden. Weitere Stickoxide sind Stickstoffmonoxid (NO), Disticktrioxid (N2O3), Stickstoffdioxid (NO2), Distickstoff pentoxid (N2O4), Distickstoffpentoxid (N2O5), Stickstoffperoxid (NO3). Der Gehalt an Stickoxiden, NOx, kann in der Regel 0 bis 50 Vol.-%, bevorzugt 1 bis 40 Vol.-%, besonders bevorzugt 10 bis 30 Vol.-%, bezogen auf das Gesamtgas, betragen.The N 2 O can be removed from the nitric acid exhaust gases without further nitrogen oxides, NO x , (valuable products) being decomposed in significant quantities. Further nitrogen oxides are nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N 2 O 3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O 4 ), nitrous oxide (N 2 O 5 ), nitrogen peroxide (NO 3 ). The nitrogen oxide content, NO x , can generally be 0 to 50% by volume, preferably 1 to 40% by volume, particularly preferably 10 to 30% by volume, based on the total gas.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich zur Reinigung von Ab gasen, deren N2O-Gehalt zwischen 0,01 und 50 Vol.-%, bevorzugt zwischen 0,01 und 30 Vol.-%, besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,01 und 20 Vol.-% bezogen auf das Gesamtgas, liegt.The process according to the invention is suitable for cleaning exhaust gases whose N 2 O content is between 0.01 and 50% by volume, preferably between 0.01 and 30% by volume, particularly preferably between 0.01 and 20% by volume. -% based on the total gas.
Neben N2O und weiteren Stickoxiden NOx können die Abgase beispielsweise auch N2, O2, CO, CO2, H2O und/oder Edelgase enthal ten, ohne daß dies die Aktivität der Katalysatoren wesentlich be einflußt. Geringfügige Hemmungen der Katalysatoraktivität können durch eine Erhöhung des Katalysatorvolumens bzw. durch eine Erniedrigung der Belastung ausgeglichen werden.In addition to N 2 O and other nitrogen oxides NO x , the exhaust gases can also contain, for example, N 2 , O 2 , CO, CO 2 , H 2 O and / or noble gases, without this having a significant effect on the activity of the catalysts. Slight inhibitions of the catalyst activity can be compensated for by increasing the catalyst volume or by reducing the load.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Festbettkatalysatoren eignen sich zur Rei nigung von Abgasen, bei denen es sich zum Teil oder vollständig um Abgase der Dicarbonsäureherstellung, bevorzugt der Adipinsäu reherstellung unter Mitverwendung von Salpetersäure handelt. Fer ner eignen sich diese Festbettkatalysatoren zur Reinigung von Prozeßabgasen der Ammoniakverbrennung.The fixed bed catalysts according to the invention are suitable for Rei reduction of exhaust gases, which are partly or completely for exhaust gases from dicarboxylic acid production, preferably adipic acid production with the use of nitric acid. Fer ner these fixed bed catalysts are suitable for cleaning Process fumes from ammonia combustion.
Im allgemeinen kann das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in einem Temperaturbereich von < 280 bis 1100°C, bevorzugt 330 bis 1000°C, besonders bevorzugt in einem Bereich von 380 bis 920°C durchge führt werden. Die thermische Desaktivierung der Katalysatoren des Verfahrens ist durch das erfindungsgemäße Katalysatorsystem deut lich erniedrigt.In general, the process according to the invention can be carried out in one Temperature range from <280 to 1100 ° C, preferably 330 to 1000 ° C, particularly preferably in a range from 380 to 920 ° C. leads. The thermal deactivation of the catalysts of the The process is clear from the catalyst system according to the invention diminished.
In einfachster Weise enthält der N2O-Zersetzungsreaktor die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Katalysatorschüttungen räumlich aufeinanderfolgend angeordnet.In the simplest way, the N 2 O decomposition reactor contains the catalyst beds to be used according to the invention arranged spatially in succession.
Bevorzugt werden zwei Katalysatorschüttungen, A ist eine Kataly satorschicht mit mindestens einem Metall aus der Gruppe Silber, Gold, Eisen, Cobalt, Nickel, Palladium, Platin, Ruthenium, Os mium, Iridium und/oder Rhodium, und B eine zweite Katalysator schicht, die als Aktivkomponente mindestens Kupfer in oxidischer Form enthält, räumlich aufeinanderfolgend eingesetzt. Das Verhältnis der Schüttvolumina der beiden Katalysatorschüttungen A und B beträgt erfindungsgemäß vorteilhaft 1 : 10 bis 10 : 1, vorzugs weise 1 : 20 bis 20 : 1.Two catalyst beds are preferred, A is a catalyst sator layer with at least one metal from the group silver, Gold, iron, cobalt, nickel, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, os mium, iridium and / or rhodium, and B a second catalyst layer, the active component is at least copper in oxidic Form contains, spatially successively used. The Ratio of the bulk volumes of the two catalyst beds A and B according to the invention is advantageously 1:10 to 10: 1, preferably wise 1:20 to 20: 1.
In den nachfolgenden Beispielen 1 und 2 besteht Schüttung (A) aus
einem Pt/Ph-dotierten Cu, Zn, Mg, Al-Spinell
und Schüttung (B) aus einem Cu, Zn, Mg, Al-Spinell.In Examples 1 and 2 below, bed (A) consists of a Pt / Ph-doped Cu, Zn, Mg, Al spinel
and bed (B) of a Cu, Zn, Mg, Al spinel.
Temperaturprofil der N2O-Zersetzungsreaktion bei adiabater Reak torfahrweise (Schüttung (A) : Schüttung (B) = 1 : 15): Temperature profile of the N 2 O decomposition reaction in an adiabatic reactor mode (bed (A): bed (B) = 1:15):
In den nachfolgenden Beispielen 3 und 4 besteht Schüttung (A) aus einem Pt/Fe-haltigen Zeolith und Schüttung (B) aus einem Cu, Zn, Mg, Al-Spinell.In Examples 3 and 4 below, bed (A) consists of a Pt / Fe-containing zeolite and bed (B) made of a Cu, Zn, Mg, Al spinel.
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2000136476 DE10036476A1 (en) | 2000-07-25 | 2000-07-25 | Heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N2O uses fixed bed catalyst comprising two or more catalyst layers that are optionally separated by inert intermediate layers or gas chambers |
| AU2001252241A AU2001252241A1 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2001-04-02 | Catalyst system for the decomposition of n2o |
| PCT/EP2001/003728 WO2001074475A1 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2001-04-02 | Catalyst system for the decomposition of n2o |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2000136476 DE10036476A1 (en) | 2000-07-25 | 2000-07-25 | Heterogeneous catalyzed gas phase decomposition of N2O uses fixed bed catalyst comprising two or more catalyst layers that are optionally separated by inert intermediate layers or gas chambers |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008132452A3 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2009-02-26 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Transition metal/zeolite scr catalysts |
| CN100540368C (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2009-09-16 | 瓦莱奥清洗系统公司 | Method and arrangement for mounting a wiping device on a motor vehicle |
| CN118002195A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 昆明贵研催化剂有限责任公司 | Coupling type three-way catalyst for diesel engine and preparation method thereof |
-
2000
- 2000-07-25 DE DE2000136476 patent/DE10036476A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100540368C (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2009-09-16 | 瓦莱奥清洗系统公司 | Method and arrangement for mounting a wiping device on a motor vehicle |
| WO2008132452A3 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2009-02-26 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Transition metal/zeolite scr catalysts |
| CN101730575B (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2013-01-02 | 约翰逊马西有限公司 | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalyst |
| US8603432B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2013-12-10 | Paul Joseph Andersen | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalysts |
| EP2517775A3 (en) * | 2007-04-26 | 2014-05-21 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalysts |
| US11478748B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2022-10-25 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalysts |
| US12064727B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2024-08-20 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Transition metal/zeolite SCR catalysts |
| CN118002195A (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-05-10 | 昆明贵研催化剂有限责任公司 | Coupling type three-way catalyst for diesel engine and preparation method thereof |
| CN118002195B (en) * | 2024-04-09 | 2024-06-11 | 昆明贵研催化剂有限责任公司 | Coupling type three-way catalyst for diesel engine and preparation method thereof |
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