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DE10016152A1 - Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation - Google Patents

Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation

Info

Publication number
DE10016152A1
DE10016152A1 DE10016152A DE10016152A DE10016152A1 DE 10016152 A1 DE10016152 A1 DE 10016152A1 DE 10016152 A DE10016152 A DE 10016152A DE 10016152 A DE10016152 A DE 10016152A DE 10016152 A1 DE10016152 A1 DE 10016152A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
fermenter
premixing
liquid
methanisation
comprises placing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE10016152A
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German (de)
Inventor
Manfred Hoffmann
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to DE10016152A priority Critical patent/DE10016152A1/en
Priority to DE10129718A priority patent/DE10129718A1/en
Publication of DE10016152A1 publication Critical patent/DE10016152A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/16—Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/44—Multiple separable units; Modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/52—Mobile; Means for transporting the apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/02—Percolation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Zur Trocken-Vergärung von vorwiegend häuslichem Biomüll werden Verfahren und eine mögliche Vorrichtung als Ausführungsvariante näher vorgestellt. Sie basiert auf der Adaption von üblichen Sammelcontainern für häuslichen Biomüll zur Biogasgewinnung.For the dry fermentation of predominantly domestic organic waste, methods and a possible device are presented in more detail as a variant. It is based on the adaptation of common collection containers for domestic organic waste for biogas production.

Description

Vorbekannt ist das Verfahren der Trocken-Vergärung mit entsprechenden Vorrichtungen zur Methanisierung großer Biomassepartien nach DE 198 05 045 A1 und EP 0934998 A2. Die vorgestellte Erfindung geht von der Methanisierung kleiner Biomassemengen aus, wie sie in Schrebergärten, Mehrfamilienhäusern oder Wochenendhäusern etc. anfallen. Für diese Biomüllmengen gab es bislang nur die Entsorgung über die private oder kommunale Kompostierung. Dies bedeutet sowohl einen volks- als auch privatwirtschaftlichen E­ nergieverlust, nachdem es möglich ist, Biomassen vor der Kompostierung noch energetisch zu nutzen. Zudem entsteht bei der Methanisierung auch noch ein 40-60%iger Masseverlust, was zu beachtlichen Transportkosteneinsparungen führt.The process of dry fermentation with appropriate devices for is known Methanation of large parts of biomass according to DE 198 05 045 A1 and EP 0934998 A2. The The invention presented is based on the methanization of small amounts of biomass, as described in Allotments, apartment buildings or weekend houses etc. are incurred. For this Until now, there was only organic or municipal waste disposal Composting. This means both a national and a private E Loss of energy after it is possible to energize biomass before composting use. In addition, there is also a 40-60% loss in mass during methanation, which leads to considerable transport cost savings.

Der Erfindungsgedanke wird nachfolgend anhand einer Bauvariante eines Kleinstfermenters auf der Basis eines Sammelcontainers skizziert, wie er beispielsweise für Mehrfamilienhäuser vorstellbar ist. Ausgangspunkt sind die üblichen 1,2 m3 fassenden rollbaren Sammelcontainer (1) für Biomüll, welche nach der Befüllung zur Methanisierung in eine luftdichte Isolierbox (2) eingestellt werden. Die Luftdichtigkeit wird beispielsweise durch einen Tauchdeckel (3) sichergestellt. Die Inoculation und Temperierung erfolgt durch Perkolieren entsprechender temperierter Bakterienaufschwemmungen, die über eine brausenartige Verteilvorrichtung (4) über das Substrat verteilt und nach deren Perkulation durch das Substrat über den perforierten doppelten Behälterboden (5) wieder abgezogen werden. Das Ein- und Ausfahren des Sammelcontainers erfolgt durch Schieben, das Auf- und Abnehmen des Deckels durch Seilwinde (7). Beim Abheben und Absenken des Deckels werden gleichzeitig automatisch wirkende Lüftungsöffnungen (8) in Verbindung mit Deckelsicherungen (9) geöffnet bzw geschlossen. Die Zu- und Ableitungen für Biogas und Perkolat (6) sind vorzugsweise so geführt, dass ein montagefreier Chargenwechsel möglich ist. Ein Pumpensumpf mit Wärmetauscher (10) stellen einen thermostatisierten Perkolatkreislauf sicher.The idea of the invention is outlined below using a construction variant of a small fermenter on the basis of a collecting container, as is conceivable, for example, for apartment buildings. The starting point are the usual 1.2 m 3 rollable collection containers ( 1 ) for organic waste, which are filled into an airtight insulating box ( 2 ) for methanation. The airtightness is ensured, for example, by an immersion cover ( 3 ). The inoculation and temperature control is carried out by percolating corresponding tempered bacterial suspensions, which are distributed over the substrate via a shower-like distribution device ( 4 ) and, after their perculation through the substrate, are removed again via the perforated double container base ( 5 ). The collection container is moved in and out by pushing, the cover is opened and removed by cable winch ( 7 ). When the cover is lifted and lowered, automatically acting ventilation openings ( 8 ) in connection with cover locks ( 9 ) are opened or closed. The feed and discharge lines for biogas and percolate ( 6 ) are preferably routed so that an assembly-free batch change is possible. A pump sump with heat exchanger ( 10 ) ensure a thermostated percolate cycle.

Andere Bauvarianten wie z. B. modulare Vorrichtungen auf der Basis von Selbstbausets sind ebenfalls vorstellbar.Other designs such as B. are modular devices based on DIY kits also conceivable.

Claims (7)

1. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Methanisierung vorzugsweise diskontinuierlich anfallender Biomassen in Kleinfermentern, die in Form rollbarer Abfallentsorgungsbehälter (Sammelcontainer) oder stapelbarer kastenartiger, runder oder beliebig geformter Einzelbehälter ausgeführt sind.1. Method and device for methanization, preferably batchwise Biomass in small fermenters in the form of rollable waste disposal containers (Collection container) or stackable box-like, round or any shape of individual container are executed. 2. Verfahren nach 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach Vormischung mit flüssigem und/oder festem Impfmaterial methanisiert wird.2. The method according to 1, characterized in that after premixing with liquid and / or solid vaccine is methanized. 3. Verfahren nach 1 und 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere Fermenter in modularer Bauweise im batch-Verfahren so betrieben werden, dass eine kontinuierliche Gaserzeugung sichergestellt wird.3. The method according to 1 and 2, characterized in that several fermenters in modular Construction in the batch process operated so that a continuous gas generation is ensured. 4. Verfahren nach 1, 2 und 3 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Fermenter auch eine mikrobielle aerobe Vorrotte- und Kompostierungsphase erfolgen können.4. The method according to 1, 2 and 3, characterized in that in the fermenter also a microbial aerobic pre-rotting and composting phase can take place. 5. Vorrichtung nach 1 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftdichtigkeit und Überdrucksicherung vorzugsweise durch eine Tauchrinne gewährleistet sind.5. Device according to 1, characterized in that the airtightness and overpressure protection are preferably ensured by a diving channel. 6. Vorrichtung nach 1 und 5 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Fermenterdeckel ohne Lösung der Anschlüsse für die Biogasableitung und die Perkolatzuführung lediglich durch einfache Hebe- und Schwenkvorrichtungen abgehoben bzw. umgesetzt wird.6. Device according to 1 and 5, characterized in that the fermenter lid without a solution the connections for the biogas discharge and the percolate supply only by simple lifting and swivel devices is lifted or implemented. 7. Vorrichtung nach 1, 5 und 6 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Abheben des Fermenterdeckels Lüftungsklappen automatisch geöffnet und beim Absenken wieder geschlossen werden.7. The device according to 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that when lifting the Fermenter lid ventilation flaps opened automatically and closed again when lowered become.
DE10016152A 2000-03-27 2000-03-27 Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation Withdrawn DE10016152A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10016152A DE10016152A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2000-03-27 Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation
DE10129718A DE10129718A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2001-06-23 Small- scale methane generator charged with organic household refuse by helical feed conveyer tube

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10016152A DE10016152A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2000-03-27 Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE10016152A1 true DE10016152A1 (en) 2001-10-04

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DE10016152A Withdrawn DE10016152A1 (en) 2000-03-27 2000-03-27 Biological material methanisation, comprises placing the material into a fermenter, premixing with liquid and/or solid material, and fermenter batch operation

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004059703A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-14 Peter Lutz Process for the preparation of uncleaned reactor bodies and for the production of biogas from such reactor bodies
DE102016003146A1 (en) 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Pöttinger Entsorgungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Process and apparatus for the production of biogas
DE102018111890A1 (en) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Device for generating biogas

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004059703A1 (en) * 2004-12-10 2006-06-14 Peter Lutz Process for the preparation of uncleaned reactor bodies and for the production of biogas from such reactor bodies
DE102016003146A1 (en) 2016-03-15 2017-09-21 Pöttinger Entsorgungstechnik GmbH & Co. KG Process and apparatus for the production of biogas
DE102018111890A1 (en) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-21 Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Device for generating biogas

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