DE10010981A1 - Method for producing load carrying sheet material has rolled profiled ridges and is processed with cross ridges and a load carrying curvature - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for producing load carrying sheet material has the flat sheet first rolled with parallel profiled ridges (4) separated by flats (7). The prepared sheet is passed between process rollers to press a pattern of smaller cross ridges onto the flats and onto the sides of the larger ridges and to bend the material into a supporting arch. The sheet material is guided through the rollers between side flanges. The ridge patterns are on the outer convex side of the material and are formed by plastic deformation.

Description

The invention relates to a method for increasing the material strength a flat material web made of metal (especially sheets made of alloys) or other materials to produce a highly resilient and form stable arched tensile structure.

It is used in the processing of flat materials, such as metal sheet metal, known to provide these with a number of beads that the Ma stiffen material or give it a certain dimensional stability. With help known methods, however, you cannot create a highly resilient, dimensionally stable, Manufacture a curved surface structure to build shelters, shelters, Canopies, (facade) cladding, (facade) substructures to be able to manufacture for facades, supporting structures and the like.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a method of the beginning to propose the type mentioned, with which in a simple and inexpensive way a flat sheet of material made of metal or other materials, in particular made of steel or aluminum, deformed in a controlled manner by bending and folding is that with a radius of curvature that can be set as desired it becomes a arched surface structure to form shelters, Shelters, roofing, (facade) cladding, (facade) subcon structures for facades, supporting structures and the like deformed.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that from the plane Material web is first made a corrugated sheet that is spaced from arranged in a straight line, all based on one material web side (O) oriented longitudinal beads of any cross section as well has between the longitudinal beads forming flat interfaces that  the bead plate preformed in this way is fed to a bending and folding tool is that by means of a cold deformation in the plastic range by equal timely, controlled, combined bending and folding in the interface and in the side flanks of the longitudinal beads a large number of dimensions material web side (O) oriented, longitudinal and transverse reinforcement Beading beads with wavy, cassette-like depressions in between brings in, the corrugated sheet to a form-retaining, to the material web side (O) towards [depending on the number, height, arrangement and structure of the ver reinforcement beads more or less] arched surface structure great material strength and high resilience is deformed.

According to the invention it is further provided that the bead plate with straight is provided with longitudinal trapezoidal beads, arranged at an even distance (A) from each other and all after a material web side (O) are oriented, with between the be Form flanks of the longitudinal beads flat interfaces, and that preformed corrugated sheet is fed to a bending and folding tool that by means of cold deformation in the plastic area, the intermediate surfaces and the side flanks of the corrugated sheet by means of a variety of evenly the surface distributed and arranged in certain structures Folding edges bend and fold in such a way that the corrugated sheet Side (O) arches outwards, whereby the bending and folding in the loading rich in the intermediate surfaces and the side flanks of the corrugated sheet the longitudinal and transverse reinforcing beads wave between them form shaped, grid-like or cassette-like fields, which - together with the reinforcing beads - stiffen the tensile structure so that it is high resilient and permanently dimensionally stable.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is intended that the bending and Folding tool consisting essentially of two counter-rotating embossing whales zen exists between which the preformed bead plate with its top (O) is inserted at the top in the feed direction (V), the lower punch Roll a lateral surface with a raised embossed relief from bending and Has folding structures, and the upper die roller with a lateral surface  Has depressions that correspond to the embossed relief of the stamp roller, where the axis distance (A-A) between the punch roller and the die Roller from a rest position to a working position is adjustable that the Bead plate when carried out by the bending and folding tool from Lich arranged holding plates that the part not to be deformed of the corrugated sheet at feed between the embossing rollers in their rest position is carried out unattended, and that the center distance (A-A) of the two embossing rollers immediately before the start of the bending and folding process is brought into the working position in which in the feed direction (V) between between the rotating embossing rollers and the and folding structures of the embossing rollers is deformed in such a way that the ge desired curvature in the z direction or in the direction (O).

According to the invention it is also intended that the material webs with Longitudinal beads are provided, the cross-sections rounded, triangular or other conicity.

According to the method according to the invention it is also provided that the Bending and folding structures on the lateral surface of the lower stamp roller rectilinear, in the circumferential direction and at right angles to it, in the transverse direction cut semicircular, rounded embossing strips through which a large number of roughly equal distances from one another across the width and length of the corrugated sheet arranged longitudinal folding beads and transverse folding Beads in the intermediate surfaces and between the longitudinal beads Flank beads are embossed into the side flanks of the longitudinal beads, whereby distributed evenly due to the deformation on the intermediate surfaces form cassette-shaped or grid-like fields, which the bead plate on due to the relative shortening of the material caused by the folding bend its underside in the z direction or in the direction (O) and ver stiff and the resulting arched surface structure the desired Give permanent, torsionally rigid form stability.

In the method according to the invention, it is also intended that the Verfor Work for bending and folding in the z direction over all beads  is introduced evenly, the radius of curvature of the bent and folded corrugated sheet or material by the height or thickness of the beads sheet or the bead material, the material properties and the ge desired curvature or curvature in the z direction or in the (O) direction is true, the radius of curvature (RAD) from radius ∞ to ei ver. continuously adjustable radius of curvature (RAD = const.) changes, and whereby the bending and folding of the beading sheet or beading material than in all three levels of the Cartesian coordinate system.

According to a further embodiment of the inventive method should Bending and folding the intermediate surface of the corrugated sheet in the z direction or in Direction (O) and the side flanks of the longitudinal beads the material strength (Section modulus, bending twist resistance, arch resistance) are increased, in the bending and folding process the crystalline character and the lattice type of metal or material remain unchanged and within a kri individual grid areas on well - defined sliding surfaces in the direction of the Shift bending and folding process against each other, with increasing sym The geometry of a spatial grid changes depending on the shape change work and the shape ability to develop more sliding directions and sliding planes the sliding planes in the direction of the smallest resistance turn, causing it to bend and desired Folding and thus the desired deformation texture occurs, the glide the crystallite does not have the elastic-tough or elastic-soft material behavior does not cause cracks in the material or cross-sectional diminution of the material, and by folding corrugated sheets and Let beading materials be the first to produce curved surface folding structures.

According to the invention it is also possible that the bending and folding of the surface structure in a pressing tool using the deep-drawing process.

The invention is also based on the object, after the BE created shelter or shelter fen, which is portable, agile and weatherproof, with little effort in terms of personnel, material and capital simply, inexpensively and quickly in large  It is possible to produce quantities that can be stacked and, if necessary, quickly to his Transported to the place of use, there in the shortest possible time with minimal effort Personnel, material and capital built up and as emergency accommodation, as a shed, Stable or warehouse for people, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, Stuff or other objects of all kinds can be used can, and its components for immediate use in the unpredictable Events can be stored in large numbers.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the surfaces Structure as a basic module for a portable, mobile and weatherproof Shelter or shelter is used to, if necessary (especially in Disasters) people, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, things and to accommodate other objects of all kinds, whereby the basic module an essentially one-piece, cup-shaped curved and by request suitable ribs and folds stiffened metal surface structure exists and alone and / or if necessary [to form a larger basic mo dul-Ensembles] together with other one after the other, detachable, but firmly assembled basic modules of the same type and size with the help suitable fasteners can be anchored to the ground in a storm-proof manner.

According to the invention it is also provided that the two open ends of the Basic modules (ensembles) through protective walls, sandbag barriers or the same are closable, and that both the basic module (ensemble) as also the protective walls are provided with openings in which doors and windows can be installed and through the supply lines for water, electricity, Heating or the like. As well as sewage disposal pipes are feasible.

Finally, according to the invention, it is also provided that the interior ten and / or the outside of the basic module (ensemble) or shelter are insulated against cold, heat and noise by suitable insulation materials, and that in the basic module (ensemble) above the floor there is a stable, sturdy floor slab made of suitable insulation material arranged and countered also with the bottom edges of the basic module (ensemble) and the protective walls are connected watertight.  

The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the description of at least one preferred embodiment of the invention and FIGS . 1-21 of the accompanying drawing. Show it:

Figure 1 is a partial perspective view of a portable, movable surface structure made according to the method according to the invention for use as a shelter for accommodating people, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, things and other objects of all kinds;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bending and folding tool with two bending and folding rollers (before the deformation process) for the deformation of a bead plate fed on a support for the manufacture of the tensile structure according to Fig. 1;

. Fig. 3 bending and folding tool according to Fig 2, wherein the arc-shaped central part (placed just in the working position) by the two bending and folding rollers is deformed (bent and folded);

Fig. 4 bending and folding tool of Figure 2 (at the end of the deformation process), in which the arched central part is just finished and permanently deformed in the plastic area.

Fig. 5 bending and folding tool of Figure 2 (after completing the deformation process), from which the fully deformed surface structure can be removed.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a flat corrugated sheet, the starting material is a flat sheet with molded, trapezoidal shaped longitudinal beads in cross section;

7 shows a cross section through the corrugated plate taken along section line VII-VII in Fig. 6.;

Figure 8 is a longitudinal section through the corrugated plate taken along section line VIII-VIII in Fig. 6.;

Figure 9 is a plan view of a curved corrugated plate with a curved surface and folded.

FIG. 10 is a cross section through the corrugated plate taken along section line X-X in Fig. 9;

Figure 11 is a longitudinal section through the corrugated plate taken along section line XI-XI in Fig 9 and 10...;

Figure 12 is a partial cross section through the bent corrugated plate taken along section line XII-XII in Fig. 9.

Figure 13 is a partial bottom view of the curved corrugated plate of Figure 12 looking in the direction XIII..;

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal section through the corrugated plate taken along the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 12;

15 shows a longitudinal section through the corrugated plate taken along section line XV-XV in Fig. 12.;

. Prepared Figure 16 is a perspective view of a process of the invention, portable, movable surface supporting framework (basic module) for use as shelter for sub brin supply of humans, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, clothes and other objects of all kinds;

17 is a view of an operational protective house (shelters) for receiving people in the event of a disaster.

Fig. 18 is a schematic plan view of two shelter units formed from four basic modules for a total of 48 people (capacity: 6 people / basic module);

Fig. 19 is a schematic front view of two protective house units according to Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is a schematic plan view of a shelter unit formed from eight basic modules for a total of 48 people (capacity: 6 people / basic module) and

FIG. 21 shows a schematic front view of two shelter units according to FIG. 20.

A surface structure 2 shown in Fig. 1 consists of a corrugated sheet 3 made of metal, preferably aluminum. However, other materials can also be used.

The corrugated sheet 3 is a molded sheet made of a flat sheet according to FIGS . 6 to 8, which has a number of spaced-apart A and parallel to one another, prefabricated longitudinal beads 4 of preferably trapezoidal cross-section. The longitudinal beads 4 can also have any other (curved, rounded or triangular) cross section.

To produce a desired final shape (for example a Schutzhau ses 1 or the tensile structure 2 according to FIG. 1), the corrugated sheet 3 is fed to a bending and folding tool 5 according to FIGS. 2 to 5, which the corrugated sheet 3 in a single Continuous operation bends and folds in this way until it receives the final shape shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 16.

Description of the bending and folding process

The bending and folding of the corrugated sheet 3 or other corrugated materials is carried out in all three planes xyz of the Cartesian coordinate system. The longitudinal beads 4 are bent on the upper bead surface 6 in the z-axis. By bending and folding, the corrugated sheets 3 or corrugated materials are shaped such that the relative shortening between the upper and lower surfaces is compensated for, and nevertheless the previously flat corrugated sheet 3 (FIGS . 6-8) becomes the one in FIGS. 1 and FIG FLAE shown. chentragwerk 16 2 permanently curved or arch-like deformed. Who the both the intermediate surfaces 7 between the longitudinal beads 4 and the side flanks 8 , 9 of the longitudinal beads 4 in the bending and folding process conditions.

In the bending and folding process, the crystalline character and the Lattice type of the metal or material not changed. In short, it turns Bending and folding process within a crystallite in such a way that individual grid areas on well-defined sliding surfaces in the direction of the bending and folding process against each other without moving out of their bandage to be torn. The greater the symmetry of a space grid, the more Sliding directions and sliding planes can vary depending on the deformation work and form resilience.

In the event of heavy use, the sliding planes also turn in Direction of least resistance. This results in the desired bending  and folds, and to the desired deformation texture. The glide of the Crystals do not exceed the elastic-tough or elastic-soft Material behavior. There is no cracking or cross-sectional tapering supply. In addition, cold-formed sheets or materials result in higher ones Wearing properties. The resistance mo increases with the tensile structure ment as well as the drilling and arching resistance, so that up to 30% of material can be saved. This reduces the manufacturing costs and that Weight (with the same resistance), which in turn the transport and the Handling easier and cheaper.

The bending and folding of the surface support 2 according to FIG. 1 takes place with the aid of two counter-rotating forming or embossing rollers 10 , 11 of a bending and folding tool 5 according to FIGS. 2-5. The preformed beading sheet 3 is inserted with its top at the top in the feed direction V between the two embossing rollers 10 , 11 of the bending and folding tool 5 , the lower stamping roller 10 of which has a lateral surface with a raised embossing relief from bending and folding structures, and the upper die roller 11 has a lateral surface with depressions which correspond to the embossed relief of the stamp roller 10 , the axial distance AA between the stamp roller 10 and the die roller 11 from a rest position can be changed into a working position. In their working position, the two embossing rolls 10 , 11

• a) a plurality of longitudinal folding beads 13, each arranged at a uniform distance α from one another, and a multiplicity of perpendicular to the longitudinal folding beads 13 , each at a uniform distance β from one another, of the arranged transverse folding beads 14 into the intermediate surface 7 of the Beading sheet 3 , which passes between the embossing rollers 10 , 11 and is guided by means of lateral holding plates 15 , 16 (not shown here), and
• b) flank beads 17 , 18 in the side flanks 8 , 9 of the longitudinal beads 4 .

The inventive, by the two embossing rollers 10 , 11 caused bending and folding of the corrugated sheet 3 and the simultaneous rela tive shortening of the underside of the corrugated sheet 3 results in the arched, high-strength and permanently dimensionally stable surface structure 2 in the z direction.

In other words: the deformation in the plastic region that results in the bending and folding process according to the invention leads to a permanent relative shortening of the material on the (in the use position) underside U of the intermediate surfaces 7 of the corrugated sheet 3 (FIGS . 9-10) without the top O (in the position of use) of the corrugated sheet 3 experiencing any significant change in length. There is also no need to fear a tapering of the material thickness or cracking in the material.

The radius of curvature RAD of the bent and folded corrugated sheet 3 or material in a specific area is characterized by the height H and the thickness of the corrugated sheet 3 , the material properties and the desired curvature in the z direction. The material properties, the mate rial dimensions, the shape and dimensions and the mutual Ab stood A of the longitudinal beads 4 of the corrugated sheet 3 and the shape and diameter of the embossing rollers 10 , 11 and the side holding plates 15 , 16 (not shown here) of the bending and folding tool 5 are designed so that the desired radius of curvature or curvature RAD results.

The bending and folding process is described again precisely with reference to FIGS . 2-5:

Fig. 2 shows the bending and folding tool 5 with two bending and folding embossing rollers 10 , 11 (in the open feed position or rest position), to which a flat unbent and unfolded corrugated sheet 3 is fed in the feed direction V. The corrugated sheet 3 has three sections L, M, R in the direction of advance V which are initially indistinguishable from one another, namely a left leg L, a middle part M to be bent and folded and a right leg R.

In Fig. 3 on the embossing rollers 10 , 11 (in the closed working position) the middle part M of the corrugated sheet 3 is just bent and folded after the left leg L, which is not to be deformed, the embossing rollers 10 , 11 (in the open position Feed position) has passed unprocessed.

In Fig. 4, the bending and folding process of the central part M of the corrugated sheet 3 on the bending and folding tool 5 has just ended before the embossing rollers 10 , 11 again assume their open feed position, so that the right leg R can pass unprocessed between the embossing rollers 10 , 11 , as shown in FIG. 5.

With a suitable tool, the surface structure 2 according to the invention can be produced in the cold-forming process (instead of being produced by means of the bending and folding tool 5 ) and also in the deep-drawing process in a press.

Shelter

The surface structure 2 shown in FIG. 16 forms, so to speak, a basic module G for the shelter or shelter 1 according to the invention for people, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, things and other objects of all kinds for use as required, in particular in the event of a disaster.

Especially in the case of limited land areas, by assembling several basic module units G (for 6 people each) larger shelter esembles can be formed, which can accommodate 24 or even 48 people (as shown in FIGS . 18 and 20) in order to Protect a catastrophe from the weather and the cold.

In the position of use, the protective house 1 is anchored to the Bo by means of suitable ground anchors, as shown in FIG .

Finally, in Fig. 17 is a usable shelter Darge provides, the front end face is weatherproof closed with a fabric wall made of tent material.

Reference list

1

Shelter

2

Tensile structure

3rd

Corrugated sheet

4

Longitudinal beads (at

3rd

)

5

Bending and folding tool

6

Bead area (an

4

)

7

Interface (between

4

)

8th

Side flank (from

4

)

9

Side flank (from

4

)

10th

lower stamp roller (from

5

)

11

upper die roller (from

5

)

12th

grid-like, cassette-like fields (between

13

and

14

)

13

Longitudinal folding beads (an

7

)

14

Cross-fold beads (on

7

)

15

Retaining plates (on

5

)

16

Retaining plate (on

5

)

17th

Flank bead (an

8th

)

18th

Flank bead (an

9

)
A distance (between

4

)
B floor
E ensemble (from several G)
G basic module (for

1

)
H height (from

4

)
L left leg (from G)
M middle section (from G)
O top (from

3rd

) or direction of the curvature
R right leg (from G)
RAD radius of curvature (within a certain range of M)
U bottom (from

3rd

)
xyz coordinates of the Cartesian coordinate system
α distance (between

13

)
β distance (between

14

)

Claims (11)

1. A method for increasing the load-bearing capacity of a flat material web made of metal (in particular sheets of alloys) or other materials for producing a highly resilient and dimensionally stable curved surface structure , characterized in that a corrugated sheet ( 3 ) is first produced from the flat material web , At a distance (A) from each other, the straight, all along a material web side (O) oriented longitudinal beads ( 4 ) any cross-section and between the longitudinal beads ( 4 ) forming flat intermediate surfaces ( 7 ) has that the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) preformed in this way is fed to a bending and folding tool ( 5 ) which is cold-deformed in the plastic region by simultaneous, controlled, combined bending and folding in the intermediate surface ( 7 ) and in the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the longitudinal beads ( 4 ) a plurality of longitudinally oriented, also towards the material web side (O) and transverse reinforcing beads ( 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 ) with corrugated, cassette-like depressions in between, the bead plate ( 3 ) towards a form-retaining, towards the material web side (O) [depending on the number, height, arrangement and Structure of the reinforcing beads ( 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 ) is deformed more or less] arched surface structure ( 2 ) great material strength and high resilience. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the beading sheet ( 3 ) is provided with rectilinear, cross-sectionally trapezoidal longitudinal beads ( 4 ) which are arranged at a uniform distance (A) from one another and all according to a material web side (O) are oriented towards, between the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the longitudinal beads ( 4 ) forming flat intermediate surfaces ( 7 ), and that the thus preformed Si ckenblech ( 3 ) is fed to a bending and folding tool ( 5 ) that by means of a cold deformation in the plastic area, the intermediate surfaces ( 7 ) and the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) by means of a plurality of bending and folding edges evenly distributed over the surface and arranged in certain structures in such a way that it bends and folds such that the backing sheet ( 4 ) bulges towards the material web side (O), the bending and folding in the area of the intermediate surfaces ( 7 ) and the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the corrugated sheet ( 4 ) formed longitudinal and transverse reinforcing beads ( 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 ) form wave-shaped, grid-like or cassette-like fields ( 12 ) between them, which - together with the reinforcing beads ( 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 ) - brace the surface structure ( 2 ) so that it is highly resilient and permanently dimensionally stable. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in

• a) that the bending and folding tool ( 5 ) consists essentially of two counter-rotating embossing rollers ( 10 , 11 ), between which the preformed corrugated sheet ( 3 ) with its top (0) uppermost in the direction of advance (V ) is introduced, the lower stamp roller ( 10 ) has a lateral surface with a raised embossed relief from bending and folding structures, and the upper die roller ( 11 ) has a lateral surface with depressions that the embossed relief correspond to the stamp roller ( 10 ), the axial distance (AA) between the stamp roller ( 10 ) and the die roller ( 11 ) being adjustable from a rest position to a working position,
• b) the bead plate ( 3 ) is guided through laterally arranged holding plates ( 16 , 17 ) when it is carried out by the bending and folding tool ( 5 ),
• c) that the part of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) which is not to be deformed is carried out unstressed when the embossing rollers ( 10 , 11 ) are in their rest position, and
• d) that the axis distance (AA) of the two embossing rollers ( 10 , 11 ) is brought into the working position immediately before the beginning of the bending and folding process, in which the in the feed direction (V) between the rotating embossing rollers ( 10 , 11 ) inserted corrugated sheet ( 3 ) is deformed by the bending and folding structures of the embossing rollers ( 10 , 11 ) so that it receives the desired curvature in the z direction or in the direction (O).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the material webs are provided with longitudinal beads ( 4 ) which have cross-sections of rounded, triangular or other conicity. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bending and folding structures on the lateral surface of the lower stamping roller ( 10 ) rectilinear, in the circumferential direction and at right angles thereto, with a semicircular cross-section, rounded embossing - Moldings are through which a variety

• a) of approximately equal distances (α, β) from one another over the width and length of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) arranged longitudinal folding corrugations ( 13 ) and transverse folding corrugations ( 14 ) into between the longitudinal corrugations ( 4 ) arranged intermediate surfaces ( 7 ) and
• b) from flank beads ( 17 , 18 ) into the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the longitudinal beads ( 4 )

are impressed, with the deformation on the intermediate surfaces ( 7 ) across the width and length of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) forming evenly distributed cassette-shaped or grid-like fields ( 12 ), which the sheet plate ( 3 ) due to the folding caused relative shortening of the material on its underside (U) in the z direction or in the direction (O) bend and stiffen and give the arched surface structure ( 2 ) thus formed the desired permanent torsionally stiffness. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the deformation work for the bending and folding in the z direction is introduced uniformly over all beads, the radius of curvature (RAD) of the bent and folded beading sheet ( 3 ) or material is determined by the height (H) or thickness of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) or the corrugated material, the material properties and the desired curvature in the z direction or in the direction (O), the radius of curvature (RAD) ranging from radius ∞ to an arbitrarily adjustable radius of curvature (RAD = const.) is continuously changed, and the bending and folding of the corrugated sheet ( 3 ) or the corrugated material takes place in all three planes (x, y, z) of the Cartesian coordinate system. 7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that by bending and folding the intermediate surface ( 7 ) of the bead plate ( 3 ) in the z direction or in the direction (O) and the side flanks ( 8 , 9 ) of the longitudinal beads ( 4 ) the material strength (section modulus, bending twist resistance, arch resistance) is increased, whereby

• a) during the bending and folding process the crystalline character and the lattice type of the metal or material remain unchanged and within a crystallite individual lattice areas on well-defined sliding surfaces move towards each other in the direction of the bending and folding process,
• b) with increasing symmetry of a space lattice, more sliding directions and sliding planes can develop, depending on the shape change work and shape changing capacity,
• c) the sliding planes also rotate in the direction of least resistance in the event of heavy use, which leads to the desired bending and folding of the material and thus to the desired deformation texture,
• d) the sliding of the crystallites does not exceed the elastic-tough or elastic-soft material behavior,
• e) there are neither cracks in the material nor cross-sectional reductions in the material, and
• f) for the first time, curved corrugated sheets and corrugated materials can be produced by folding as surface folding structures.

8. A method for increasing the load-bearing capacity of a flat sheet of material made of metal (in particular sheets of alloys) or other materials for producing a highly resilient and dimensionally stable curved surface structure, characterized in that the bending and folding of the surface structure ( 2 ) in a pressing tool in the deep-drawing process. 9. According to the method according to one of claims 1 to 8 manufactured surface structure, characterized by use as a basic module (G) for a transportable, movable and weatherproof shelter or shelter for accommodating people, animals, plants, supplies, vehicles, things and other objects of all kinds for use as required, especially in the event of a disaster, the basic module (G) consisting of an essentially single-piece, shell-shaped surface structure ( 2 ), which is stiffened by molding suitable beads ( 4 , 13 , 14 , 17 , 18 ) and folds ( 2 ) consists of metal and alone and / or if necessary [to form a larger basic module ensemble (E)] together with other successively arranged, detachable but firmly assembled basic modules (G) of the same. The design and size can be anchored to the floor with the help of suitable fasteners (B). 10. shelter according to claim 9, characterized in that the two open ends of the basic module (ensemble) (G, E) through protective walls, Tent sheets, sandbag barriers or the like are closable, and that both the basic module (ensemble) (G, E) and the protective walls are provided with openings in which doors and windows buildable and through the supply lines for water, electricity, heating or the like and waste water disposal pipes can be carried out. 11. shelter according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the Inside and / or the outside of the basic module (ensemble) s (G, E) through suitable insulation materials are insulated against cold, heat and noise, and that in the basic module (ensemble) (G, E) above the floor (B) a load capable, torsion-resistant base plate made of suitable insulation material arranged and optionally with the bottom edges of the Basic module (ensemble) s (G, E) and the protective walls are waterproof that is.