DE10001107A1 - Sludge-thickening digester capable of denitrification and biogas production, comprises vessel with provisions for recirculation, mixing, and gas off take - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an ANOX rapid-decomposition bioreactor, gas-tight, with both aerobic (oxygen) and anaerobic fermentation of (70%) 80-95% liquid waste residues from agriculture, municipalities and industry. DOLLAR A According to the state of the art, bioreactors with a high volume and composting time, complex stirring and sludge disposal technology, expensive walk-in round roofs, cold bridge-forming insulation are only suitable for anaerobic digestion, without heat recycling, without temperature increase controlled to +38 ° C and without dephlegmatic new mass mixing or Dephlegmatic recycling used with Venturi injection system. DOLLAR A The present invention remedies this by simplifying, in part system-related, elimination of techniques in a specially built and equipped steel or plastic container or tank (6) of 5-150 m 3, with a diameter in the range 3-6 m and a height of 4-10 m, requires only a relatively small foundation (12), a dephlegmator tube (4), which is arranged in the middle of the lower half of the container at the upper end and has a large number of holes on the side, which is connected by a central pump pressure line (3), which is connected to the suction pressure pump (2) outside the tank and is fed, ensures a dephlegmatic mixing of the liquid / solid mixture into the tank (6), has an injector effect on the funnel bottom to remove sludge approx. 10 cm from the bottom, at the same time ...

Description

The present invention relates to a gastight Schnellrottebioreaktor for aerobic and anaerobic fermentation of agricultural, municipal and industrial wastewater with 5-20% organic residues without special agitators, flushing lance, sludge disposal, space pads for foam and floating layers, without drive technology or anything moving in the container itself, without a very expensive walk-in round roof, without top entry, without direct cold, bridge-forming insulation, no restriction to only one anaerobic rotting in the same container, not only the inherent temperature rotting + 28-32 ° C, but always + 38 ° C, not long same bad mixing of the new mass, no problem with hot air injection, no problem with dephlegmatic circulation. Existing buildings can be used, even from a height of only 4-6 m! For further information on the state of the art, see diagram of one of the most common biogas reactor systems = single-phase tank can only be operated anaerobically. Fig. 4. The mesophilic, continuously operating bioreaction system, anaerobic, is common. The manure / urine mixture is pressed into the top of the container and should be mixed in with a mixer.

A lead time of 21 days results in z. B. 20 m ² / day = 500 m ² container. Daily mixing requires a relatively large agitator, especially since the material in the lower area is relatively thick.

The stirrer is below and whirls up a bed of mud.

Above certain container diameters, several stirrers are required. Stirring too much is disruptive but the bioprocess. Neumasse bioreacts differently in the initial phase than in the Methane gas formation, it interferes with the latter at first.

The bottom of the container should have a 3-5% slope to the center. The mud doesn't flow alone, he must be suctioned off or have a special drain, if necessary there is a flushing lance necessary.

Biomass is not just biomass. There are some with strong sink parts and some with strong floating parts.

Both are negative for an optimal bioprocess.

Sink layers form very quickly, i. H. after 2 hours 60% is down on the floor and after 10-12 hours 90%.

Increased stirring disrupts the bioprocess. This mass is generally difficult to stir and causes drainage problems.

Floating and foam layers have to be removed almost constantly. Without the latter there is also surface incrustations. In any case, the bioprocess is disrupted. The bigger the area, the more problematic is the removal of the floating layer.

Submersible mixers per container, complex mixing systems, such as B. a diagonal Large-volume snail running in the container that moves the red mass from bottom to bottom circulates above.  

The invention provides a remedy through the bioreactor according to the invention. The Anox rapid rotting bioreactor combines everything: mixing, circulating, aerating, Mix in new quantity, deposits do not appear (constantly removed), floating parts are removed, foam is removed, resulting gases (odors) are captured and can be derived centrally, are washable or flarable, no gas / odor immission into the ambient air, no pollution, no blocking of the entire technology possible, bioreactively generated heat is used recirculatively and accelerates the Bioprocess, the latter means shorter dwell time and less container volume (50-60%), less costs, less technology, less kW electrical, less maintenance etc.

An exemplary embodiment according to the invention is described below with reference to the drawing explained for a better understanding of the invention. It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the bioreactor according to the invention with a concrete foundation and lightweight roof

Fig. 2 and 3 show an overall system with a plurality of quick composting reactors.

A rapid rotting bioreactor according to the invention comprises a container ( 6 ) of approx. 5-50-150 m ³ in stainless steel, plastic or steel enamel plates and in the same allows both anaerobic and aerobic fermentation by means of a special recirculation system with an air injector ( 10.2 ). The container ( 6 ) has a relatively small diameter, is narrow (O 3-6 m and 4-8 m high) and therefore only requires a small concrete foundation ( 12 ) (see Fig. 1). The container ( 6 ) is also a mixer of various residues, but without having a special mechanical stirring technology in the loading container ( 6 ). An extra mixer is not required. New and co-fermentation mass, still warm, bacterially separated separated rotting mass, rotting additives ( 11 ) and old mass remaining in the container are mixed recirculatingly dephlegmatic ( 4 ) by a pump ( 2 ) standing outside the container ( 6 ). In the container ( 6 ) itself there is no drive technology for stirring sinking or floating layers, nor removing foam.

Only one suction / pressure pump ( 2 ) outside the container ( 6 ) also serves for several operations:

Sucking in ( 1 ) the waste waste, even with a greater thickness, up to 30% dry matter from various reservoirs (not shown). Pumping ( 3 ) into the container ( 6 ) via a dephlegmator tube ( 4 ), a V2A steel or PVC tube (O 400 mm) placed in the center of the container ( 6 ), which is closed at the top and has many holes all around (O 20-40 mm), braking the main liquid flow, totally distributing, dephlegmatized, so as not to disturb the rotting process. Sink layer removal is caused by an injector effect, since the dephlegmator tube ( 4 ) is arranged approx. 10 cm vertically above the floor. When pumping ( 3 ) into the dephlegmator tube ( 4 ) there is suction of the sink layer parts and biomass from the lower part of the container mixed with new or recirculating old biomass ( 8 ) and others. Thus, an optimal mixing process without any special stirring device, without stirring technology in or outside the container ( 6 ) is generated.

Foam and floating layer removal

In the upper level portion of the container is located across the entire container (6), a 30-40 cm deep and wide open top channel (7) as an overflow device, which laterally into a chute (8) of 40-50 cm O in metal or O 400 mm PVC pipe runs out.

A circulation line ( 8 ) at approx. 4/5 tank filling level, above the dephlegmator tube ( 4 ) and a corresponding pump control always leave the channel empty. As soon as new mass is pumped in at the bottom, the liquid level slowly rises above the channel edge ( 7 ) and parts floating on the surface flow into the channel. As these slowly flow over the channel edge ( 7 ), the foam and solid floating layer is broken up into small pieces and flows into the downpipe ( 8 ) via a water trap. A mixture of floating materials, foam and liquid flows into the chute ( 8 ) down to the suction / pressure pump ( 2 ). The liquid foam solid floating layer does not crust in the first place. It is smashed at intervals in the shaft ( 8 ) and mixed again. Foam cannot get into further liquid or gas pipes ( 10.1 / 6.6 / 14 ). The bacteriological process is not disturbed because the methane gas formation comes out easily. An injector ( 10 ) in the form of a venturi system is installed in the pump pressure line so that oxygen ( 10.2 ) can be sucked in, but methane gas can also be recirculated from the tank ( 6 ) via line ( 10.1 ) at the top. Additional warm air mixing into the line ( 10.4 ) only requires 0.3-0.6 bar and therefore little compressor power or kWh elt. Heat is obtained in that the rapid rotting bio reactor ( 6 ) according to the invention is located in an insulated hall at + 30 ° C, heat / waste heat is generated on the tank wall by the bioprocess in the tanks and thus via the injector line ( 10 ) + 30 ° C warm air is heated to + 38 ° C. The new mass (+ 14-25 ° C) is warmed up to + 38 ° C via this metered warm air and thus has the optimal reaction temperature. With a low additional heat technology, own heat + 30 ° C + 8 ° C in addition, a temperature of + 38 ° C can always be reached in the rapid rotting bioreactor ( 6 ). We always get the maximum possible mesophilic rotting temperature with very little effort, which enables the fastest possible rotting. There is also no rotting start-up phase with low temperatures, but optimal conditions with a maximum possible rotting temperature of 36-38 ° C for a mesophilic rapid rotting. The entire system reduces the usual mesophilic rotting time from 21 days to 8-12 days, depending on the biomass, which reduces the rotting container volume and thus the construction costs as well as the engineering costs and simplifies the entire system. This makes small systems in particular more economical.

Furthermore, complete container emptying to the pump ( 2 ) is possible via a separate suction line ( 17 ) controlled by a slide (not shown).

The rapid rotting process creates a special solids digestion, which later enables fine separation, especially of cohesive substances. This is important if the rapid rot reactor is in a sewage treatment system without biogas production. Via an automatically controlled hot water ring line ( 13 ) (+ 38 ° C), the outer wall of the container ( 6 ) is recirculated and thus counteracts both an under and overtemperature on midsummer days.

The rapid rotting bioreactor ( 6 ) according to the invention can also be used individually as a component in order to obtain, after intensive rapid rotting, a nearly odorless liquid (liquid manure or the like) with a subsequent separation.

The above can be part of a biogas plant that can be redone later with full clarification be or only part of a full wastewater treatment plant.

The invention serves for the fastest possible clarification of waste water of any kind organic residues from industry, agriculture and municipalities, right up to the law moderate clarification and discharge into public waters. The invention ANOX bioreactor speeds up, simplifies the process and makes everything more cost-effective.  

Legend for the scheme of the "ANOX rapid rotting bioreactor" for anaerobic and / or aerobic fermentation of 80-95% (70%) liquid waste

1

Intake pipe from the barn, pre-pit, intermediate tank or recirculation

2

Suction / pressure pump

3rd

Pressure line to the container

4

Dephlegmator tube

5

Mud stirrer injector

6

Container / tank cylindrical, gas-tight

6.1

Plastic tarpaulin roof

6.2

Inspection hatches

6.3

Level sight glass

6.4

Interior lighting

6.5

Working platform

6.6

Pressure relief valve

7

Floating and foam layer removal channel

8th

Voluminous chute for pos.

2

,
9./17 Container suction line also removes sludge

10th

Venturi injector system for:

10.1

Mixed gas recirculation

10.2

Air, oxygen interference

10.3

Warm air interference

10.4

Warm air exchanger with hot air pressure supply with only 0.6-0.8 bar

11

Liquid additive injection with mixing tank and dosing pump

12th

Concrete foundation, funnel-shaped

12.1

Alternative: finished tank with footrests and integrated roof

13

Ring line hot water wetting system + 38 ° C

13.1

Hot water gutter with recirculation system with pump + heat exchanger and pipe to the ring

14

Gas mixture discharge line with pressure relief valve

15

Methane gas discharge into a lightweight intermediate container and / or biogas CHP

16

Overflow line with valve in a second tank or drain in a separation or full wastewater treatment plant

17th

Container emptying line

18th

Insulated hall construction

Claims (10)

1.ANOX dephlegmator system, a gas-tight rapid rotting bioreactor for the fermentation of 80-95% liquid residual waste, suitable for partial clarification (denitrification), used solo or as part of a biogas plant or as a small biogas plant only anaerobically fermenting for methane gas production in agriculture, municipalities and industry, characterized by the following or shown schematically in FIG. 1.

• a) a 10-150 m ³ gastight acid-resistant container ( 6 ) with a diameter of 3 to 6 m and a height of 3 to 8 m, with plastic tarpaulin roof ( 6.1 ), with funnel bottom made of metal or concrete, work platform at the top of the container ( 6.5 ), interior lighting ( 6.4 ), level sight glass ( 6.3 ), inspection hatches ( 6.2 ) and pressure relief valve ( 6.6 ),
• b) a dephlegmator tube ( 4 ), which is arranged in the center of the lower half of the container ( 6 ) 10 cm above the floor and generates a side injector suction ( 5 ), is closed at the upper end, with a large number of side holes which are 80-95% liquid waste residues and a liquid, foam and floating layer mixture and other new substances are fed recirculating by pump ( 2 ),
• c) in the upper liquid level, a channel overflow device ( 7 ) running through the container has a down pipe ( 8 ) outside the container into the pump ( 2 ), destroying the foam and floating layer,
• d) by closing the oxygen supply line ( 10.2 ) and creating a closed circuit, the same container ( 6 ) is converted from an aerobic to an anaerobic process, the latter also making small biogas plants possible,
• e) only one suction / pressure pump ( 2 ), which is arranged outside the container ( 6 ) and has a suitable drive, is controlled to a certain extent and carries out all pumping operations alone,
• f) an exhaust gas discharge line with a pressure relief valve ( 6.6 ) connected to the upper end of the container ( 6 ), which also enables flaring of weak gas above the roof,
• g) a gas mixture return line ( 10.1 ) connected to the upper end of the container ( 6 ) and connected to the liquid circulation line ( 3 ) ( 8 ),
• h) a hot air exchange ( 10.4 ) with hot air oxygen supply line with an injector ( 10.3 ), which is connected to the exhaust gas recirculation line ( 10.1 ) or goes directly into the venturi system,
• i) all non-liquid substances are mixed into the liquid via the Venturi injector ( 10 ),
• j) a liquid additive preparation ( 11 ) and injection device into the circuit, ( 8 ) + ( 3 ) or directly into ( 3 ) liquid / liquid injected,
• k) a lower end of the container (6) connected to the evacuation tube (17) which is connected to the liquid circulation line (7/8),
• l) a mixed gas discharge line ( 14 ) with possibility of flaring,
• m) an overflow line ( 16 ) into the next rotting tank from approx. 2/3 filling level, but transferring to 9/10 filling level,
• n) a methane gas discharge for CHP use ( 15 ),
• o) a + 38 ° C hot water wetting device ( 13 ) for the entire outer wall of the tank with a lower gutter, a pump and heat exchanger ( 13.1 ) for temperature compensation and recirculation upwards is installed at the top of the tank,

2. According to operations item b and item c, special stirrers are eliminated in the container, 3. by special piping position with a recirculation via 7 + 8 to the pump ( 2 ) and thereby via the venturi system ( 10 ), all non-liquid substances can be mixed intensively, directed by ( 10.1 ), ( 10.2 ); ( 10.3 ), ( 10.4 ) and ( 11 ), 4. According to the aforementioned system, several drive technologies are in and out half of the container not necessary and therefore cost-saving, 5. the container design of a cylindrical container with only one art tarpaulin roof and a funnel-shaped concrete base, (a concrete foundation ment must always be made) and a relatively high cylindrical part smaller footprint significantly reduces construction costs, 6. According to the above-mentioned position, depending on the system, use a rapid rotting Rotting time and thus the container volume and thus the construction costs for special Significantly reduce reactors, 7. This inexpensive gas-tight container system is also inexpensive and Low loss for odorless temporary storage of highly rot-active Co-fermentation materials are suitable, which in turn eliminates technical problems and costs become, 8. According to the above-mentioned items, fermentation already results from the system an own temperature of + 28-32 ° C and allows heat recycling to the Heat exchangers so that only the difference up to + 38 ° C can be brought up externally must and thus saves energy costs for hot air and hot water artificial maximum reaction influence with possible + 38 ° C without bacteria die, d. H. so controlled high performance and rotting acceleration, 9. Due to the system, this process makes it part of a larger biogas plant Complete clarification of manure (cattle / pigs) with simultaneous biogas production economical and solves the problem of excessive nitrification of soil, Water and air, 10. Depending on the system, the solids separated after rapid rotting can be recirculating dehydrated, burned with the low / methane gas, whereby by the Gas admixture reaches a high temperature of + 800 ° C and thus the exhaust air odor and foreign matter-free and only 1-5% sterile slag from the solid remain, eliminating all smells.